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Yerba mate extracts are naturally enriched with several antioxidant compounds. Therefore, this natural product constitutes a fertile field of research directed to test its antioxidant and therapeutic properties in the Central Nervous System. We tested the ability of yerba mate to prevent the chemically-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione balance (GSH:GSSG) disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro in rat brain synaptosomal/mitochondrial fractions, and compared these effects with those of its most abundant compound chlorogenic acid (CGA). Yerba mate prevented glutathione depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction, and these effects were correlated with its ability to prevent ROS formation. CGA prevented oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, but its effects were less intense than those of the extract. Our results suggest that the protective properties exhibited by yerba mate cannot be merely attributable to its main component CGA. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In agrarian reform settlements there are obstacles in the rearing of calves; however, the main aspects that cause this obstacle are not known. Thus, the aim of this study was to diagnose the main obstacles in the management of these dairy heifers to target extension actions. For this, semi-structured guided questionnaires were applied to 40 families from 20 settlements. The questionnaire contained questions about the characteristics of the family, property and general management, feeding and sanitation of calves. The data were tabulated in Excel, transformed into variables and studied by means of multivariate analysis of main components after the farms were grouped into clusters according to similarity. The variables that most affected the heifer rearing system in dairy farms in the agrarian reform settlements of Santana do Livramento, RS, Brazil, were related to diet and occurrence of diarrhoea in calves. The 40 farms studied were grouped into six clusters, which differed especially in relation to who was responsible for the management of the heifers inside the property, regarding the infrastructure for the calves, time in milk production and concern regarding the care in the breeding of the calves. Based on these differences between the clusters being correctly identified, the technicians who work in these farms can establish strategies to work with settled families, emphasising the points where the obstacles are known to trigger the survival of heifers that will replace the dairy herds. Em assentamentos da reforma agrária há entraves na criação das bezerras, porém, não se conhece os principais aspectos que causam esses entraves. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo, diagnosticar os principais entraves no manejo destas bezerras leiterias para direcionamento de ações de extensão. Para tal, foram aplicados questionários guia semiestruturados à 40 famílias de 20 assentamentos. O questionário continha questões sobre as características da família, propriedade e manejo geral, alimentar e sanitário das bezerras. Os dados foram tabulados em Excel, transformados em variáveis e estudados por meio de análise multivariada de componentes principais. Após as propriedades foram agrupadas em clusters segundo a similaridade. As varáveis que mais afetam o sistema de criação de bezerras em propriedades leiteiras nos assentamentos da reforma agrária de Santana do Livramento, RS, estão relacionadas à alimentação e ocorrência de diarreia nas bezerras. As 40 propriedades estudadas foram agrupadas em seis clusters, que se diferiram especialmente em relação à com quem fica a responsabilidade pelo manejo das bezerras dentro da propriedade, quanto à infraestrutura destinada às bezerras, tempo na produção de leite e preocupação em relação aos cuidados na criação das bezerras. Com base nestas diferenças existentes entre os clusters e corretamente identificadas, os técnicos que atuam nestas propriedades poderão estabelecer estratégias para trabalhar com as famílias assentadas, enfatizando os pontos onde sabidamente estão os entraves para deslanchar a criação das bezerras que irão substituir as matrizes leiteiras.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:34:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-01-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) In the last ten years, more than 1,500 large burrows have been discovered in southern and southeastern Brazil, dug in rocks that include weathered granitic and basaltic rocks, sandstones, and other consolidated sediments. Their presence in geological units of Plio-Pleistocene age suggests that large extinct mammals produced these structures. The internal walls exhibit scratches and grooves left by the animals that inhabited these structures. The burrows are straight or slightly sinuous tunnels that measure up to tens of meters in length. One smaller type measures up to 1.5 meter in diameter, and the larger type can reach 2 meters in height and 4 meters in width, suggesting that such structures have been produced by at least two kinds of organisms. This contribution proposes a classification for these ichnofossils under the generic designation Megaichnus igen. nov., consisting of two ichnospecies identified so far: M. major and M. minor ispp. nov. Although the exact identity of the producers of the burrows is yet unknown, the dimensions and morphology point to ground sloths and giant armadillos. Univ Fed Pampa, Campus Cacapava Do Sul, Cacapava Do Sul, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Geociencias, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Lab Estratig & Paleontol, Campus Litoral Paulista, Sao Vicente, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Lab Estratig & Paleontol, Campus Litoral Paulista, Sao Vicente, Brazil CNPq: 401772/2010-1

The present study aimed to identify and quantify dental diseases in Crioulo horses reared exclusively under extensive farming conditions. In total, 254 Crioulo horses were evaluated, that were reared exclusively in native pastures with predominantly Eragrostis plana (Annoni grass). The animals were divided into three groups according to age: three to five years (G1), six to 12 years (G2), and 13 to 26 years (G3). In total, 46.1% of the animals in G1, 63.8% in G2, and 82.3% in G3 had two or more incisor disorders; 37.5% in G1, 52.5% in G2 and 45.5% in G3 had two or more disease findings in the canines; and 28.9% in G1, 35.4% in G2, and 64.7% in G3 had four or more disease findings in the second, third, and fourth premolars and molars. However, dental calculus was observed in 90.5% of G2 animals, whereas in G3, the occurrence rate of excessive enamel points and calculus was 82.4%. Although all of the horses studied were reared in an extensive farming system, dental changes were very common in the Crioulo breed reared under these management conditions. RESUMO O presente estudo teve por objetivo identificar e quantificar as afecções odontológicas de equinos da raça Crioula criados exclusivamente em regime extensivo. No total, foram avaliados 254 cavalos Crioulos, criados em pastagens nativas com predominância de Eragrostis plana (capim-annoni). Os animais foram divididos em três grupos, de acordo com a idade: de três a cinco anos (G1), seis a 12 anos (G2 ) e 13 a 26 anos (G3). No total, 46,1% dos animais do G1, 63,8% do G2 e 82,3% do G3 apresentaram dois ou mais transtornos incisivos; 37,5% do G1, 52,5% do G2 e 45,5% do G3 tiveram duas ou mais alterações nos caninos; 28,9% do G1, 35,4% do G2 e 64,7% do G3 mostraram quatro ou mais distúrbios no segundo, terceiro e quarto pré-molares e molares. Contudo, cálculo dentário foi observado em 90,5% dos animais do G2, enquanto no G3, a taxa de ocorrência de pontas excessivas de esmalte dentário e cálculo foi de 82,4%. Concluiu-se que, apesar de todos os equinos estudados serem mantidos em sistema extensivo, as afecções dentárias mostraram-se muito comuns na raça Crioula sob estas condições de manejo.

We consider an extension of the standard model with three Higgs doublet model and $S_3\times \mathbb{Z}_2$ discrete symmetries. Two of the scalar doublets are inert due to the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. We have calculated all the mass spectra in the scalar and lepton sectors and accommodated the leptonic mixing matrix as well. We also show that the model has scalar and pseudoscalar candidates to dark matter. Constraints on the parameters of the model coming from the decay $\mu\to e\gamma$ were considered and we found signals between the current and the upcoming experimental limits, and from that decay we can predict the one-loop $\mu\to ee\bar{e}$ channel., Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:30:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-11-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The objective was to evaluate whether the absence of a water spray affects the microbial contamination on chicken conveyor belts in slaughterhouse. A total of 1280 samples from modular and smooth conveyor belts, with and without water spray, were evaluated in four slaughterhouses in Brazil. Superficial swabs of conveyor belts were performed at the indicated time periods (T-0 - 5:00 am; T-1 - 9:00 a.m; T-2 - 5:00 p.m.; and T-3 - 10:00 p.m.) and submitted to counting of mesophiles, Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and E. coli. The data were evaluated by measuring the increment (positive or negative) in contamination between the periods and comparing the means of the conveyor belts with and without water spray. On the modular conveyor belts, the absence of water spray allowed for a significant increase in the counts only in the T-2-T-3 interval for coliforms and E. soli. On the smooth conveyor belts, the absence of water spray allowed for a significant increase in Enterobacteriaceae counts only in the T-2-T-3 interval. At the other intervals, absence in the water had no influence on the indicator counts. These results demonstrated that the use of a water spray system on conveyor belts does not influence the contamination count. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Higiene Vet & Saude Publ, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Campus Botucatu,Dist Rubiao Jr SN, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Parana, Dept Ciencias Vet, Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro,2153,Jardim Dallas, BR-85950000 Palotina, Parana, Brazil BioMerieux, Ave Ibirapuera 2120, BR-04028001 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Vet, Ave PH Rolfs SN,Campus Univ, BR-36571000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil Univ Fed Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana,BR 472,Km 585,Caixa Postal 118, BR-97508000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Higiene Vet & Saude Publ, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Campus Botucatu,Dist Rubiao Jr SN, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2012/50262-9

The aim of this study was to establish normal baseline ERG values of 23 anesthetized deer belonging to 8 neotropical species (Mazama americana, Mazama nemorivaga, Mazama gouazoubira, Mazama nana, Mazama bororo, Ozotocerus bezoarticus, Odocoileus virginianus and Blastocerus dichotomus). Only right eyes were studied. Chemical restraint was performed using xylazine associated with ketamine, IM, for M. americana, M. gouazoubira, M. nemorivaga, M. nana, M. bororo, O. bezoarticus and O. virginianus. A combination of tiletamine/zolazepam diluted in xylazine 2% was used for B. dichotomus individuals. After 20min of dark adaptation, electroretinograms were obtained using a handheld electroretinography (ERG) machine using the QuickRetCheck Protocol at three different light intensities: 0.01cd.s/m2, 3cd.s/m2, and 10cd.s/m2. After light adaptation, photopic phase was recorded. A-wave amplitude recorded during pattern mixed rod/cone response in M. americana was significantly lower when compared to B. dichotomus. No other differences were observed between the species studied. ERG in Neotropical deer is applicable using a portable ERG system and did not show differences among species in relation to the retinal response at different light intensities. Therefore, the lifestyle of the species is more dictated by the selection pressure of the environment than by physiological factors. RESUMO Objetivou-se estabelecer valores de referência para eletrorretinografia (ERG) de 23 cervídeos anestesiados, de oito espécies neotropicais (Mazama americana, Mazama nemorivaga, Mazama gouazoubira, Mazama nana, Mazama bororo, Ozotocerus bezoarticus, Odocoileus virginianus e Blastocerus dichotomus). Somente os olhos direitos foram estudados. A contenção química foi realizada com cetamina/xilazina, IM, nas seguintes espécies: M. americana, M. gouazoubira, M. nemorivaga, M. nana, M. bororo, O. bezoarticus e O. virginianus. Para o B. dichotomus, foi utilizada a associação de tiletamina/zolazepam e xilazina. Após 20 minutos de adaptação ao escuro, os eletrorretinogramas foram obtidos com aparelho portátil de ERG, utilizando-se o protocolo “QuickRet Check”, em três intensidades de luz: 0.01cd.s/m2, 3cd.s/m2 e 10cd.s/m2. Após adaptação à luz, realizou-se a fase fotóptica. Os valores para amplitude da onda A durante a resposta padrão mista de cones/bastonetes em M. americana foram significativamente menores quando comparados aos do B. dichotomus. Não foram observadas outras diferenças entre as espécies. A realização de ERG em cervídeos neotropicais é aplicável utilizando-se aparelho portátil e não demonstrou diferenças quanto à resposta retiniana a diferentes intensidades de luz. Dessa forma, o estilo de vida das espécies é ditado mais pela pressão de seleção do ambiente do que por fatores fisiológicos.

Eyes from brachycephalic dogs were studied by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography to establish quantitative and qualitative reference values related to the shape and rigidity of some ocular structures. Eighty-four eyes from 42 adult brachycephalic dogs were included in this study. Animals were subjected to physical, laboratory, and ophthalmic examinations. Following confirmation of good health, the dogs were subjected to ultrasonography and ARFI elastography, emphasizing the optic nerve, ciliary body, and lens. On qualitative elastography, homogeneous characteristics were observed on the ciliary body and optic nerve. Aqueous and vitreous humors were visualized as mosaic-like images. Quantitative elastography showed the mean optic nerve shear wave velocity (SWV) was 1.01±0.27m/s, temporal ciliary body was 0.91±0.24m/s, and nasal ciliary body was 0.91±0.3m/s. The SWV of the lens values were out of range, this value was not detectable by this software. Elastography has proved to be a non-invasive procedure and feasible in dogs. The establishmentof the parameters of degree of rigidity of ocular structures will serve as a baseline for animals with eye disorders. Results may be extrapolated to primary research on the applicability of ARFI in the evaluation of ocular bulb in humans. RESUMO Estruturas oculares de cães braquicéfalos foram estudadas por elastografia acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) para estabelecer valores quantitativos e qualitativos de referência relacionados com a forma e a rigidez de algumas estruturas oculares. Foram avaliados 84 olhos de 42 cães braquicéfalos neste estudo. Os animais foram submetidos aos exames físico, laboratorial e aos exames oftalmológicos. Após a confirmação da sanidade dos pacientes, os cães foram submetidos à ultrassonografia e à elastografia ARFI, enfatizando-se o nervo óptico, o corpo ciliar e a lente. Para elastografia qualitativa, foram observadas características homogêneas no corpo ciliar e no nervo óptico. Os humores aquoso e vítreo foram visibilizados como imagens tipo mosaico. A elastografia quantitativa demonstrou velocidades de cisalhamento para nervo óptico de 1,01±0,27m/s, para corpo ciliar temporal de 0,91±0,24m/s e para corpo ciliar nasal de 0,91±0,3m/s. Valores dessas velocidades para lentes apresentaram-se fora do intervalo: X.XXm/s. A elastografia provou ser um procedimento não invasivo e viável para cães. Estabelecidos os parâmetros do grau de rigidez das estruturas oculares, futuramente tais dados servirão como padrão para avaliação de animais com os distúrbios oculares. Os resultados podem ser extrapolados para a pesquisa primária sobre a aplicabilidade da ARFI na avaliação do bulbo ocular em seres humanos.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:31:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-01 Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA) The aim of this study was to investigate hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis E (HEV), and rotavirus (RV) in fresh and processed meat traded on the border of Brazil with Argentina and Uruguay. In total, 159 samples of raw and processed foods of animal origin were collected in Paso de los Libres, Argentina (n=53 raw meat, n=24 processed meat) and Rivera, Uruguay (n=55 raw meat, n=18 processed meat), or were seized by the Brazilian International Agricultural Surveillance SystemVIGIAGRO (Brazil-Argentina border) (n=8 raw meat, n=1 bush meat). All samples were tested for the presence of HAV, HEV, and RV genomes. HAV genes were detected in 18.23% of samples and RV genes in 23.89%. No HEV-positive samples were detected. HAV was also detected in two of the VIGIAGRO samples. Processed meats from Argentina and Uruguay had a higher rate of HAV and RV than raw meat (P>0.05). The median HAV in the Argentinian and Uruguayan samples was 6.9x10(4) and 3.5x10(3)copies/g, respectively. The presence of RV viral genes in raw meats from Argentina was significant, and this was not observed in processed meats. The presence of HAV and RV genes in a significant portion of products from Argentina and Uruguay is a potential source of human infection. This also indicates precarious conditions of acquisition, processing, and manipulation, which could be improved by improved regulation of food across borders. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Higiene Vet & Saude Publ, Campus Botucatu, BR-18618681 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Pelotas, Campus Capao do Leao,Ave Eliseu Maciel SN, BR-96010900 Capao Do Leao, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana,BR 472,Km 585, BR-97501970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil Univ Feevale, Inst Ciencias Saude, Lab Microbiol Mol, Rodovia ERS-239,2755, BR-93525075 Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Higiene Vet & Saude Publ, Campus Botucatu, BR-18618681 Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:55:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-03-01 Studying the multitude of molecular networks and pathways that are potentially involved in a complex trait such as fertility requires an equally complex and broad strategy. Here, we used Next-Generation Sequencing for the characterization of the transcriptional signature of the bovine endometrial tissue. Periovulatory endocrine environments were manipulated to generate two distinctly different fertility phenotypes. Cycling, non-lactating, multiparous Nelore cows were manipulated to ovulate larger (>13 mm; LF group; high fertility phenotype) or smaller (

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:29:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-05-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Ovarian superstimulation with exogenous gonadotropins has been extensively used to produce in vivo derived embryos for embryo transfer in cattle. This process modifies the antral follicle microenvironment and affects oocyte and embryo quality as well the differentiation of granulosa cells. Lipids play significant roles in the cell, such as energy storage, cell structure, and fine-tuning of the physical properties and functions of biological membranes. The phospholipid (PL) contents as well as the effects of super stimulatory treatments on the PL profile of follicular fluid from cows, however, remain unknown. Therefore, to gain insight into the effects of superstimulation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; P36 protocol) or FSH combined with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG; P-36/eCG protocol) on the profile and abundance of PL from cows submitted or not submitted to superstimulatory protocols, were treated with these two superstimulatory protocols. As a control, non-superstimulated cows were only submitted to estrous synchronization. The follicular fluid was aspirated, the remaining cells removed and the follicular fluid stored at -80 degrees C until extraction. The lipid screening was performed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and this technique allowed the identification of sphingomyelins (SM) and phosphatidylcholines (PC) and phosphoethanolamines (PE). The relative abundance of the ions observed in the three experimental groups was analyzed by multivariate and univariate statistical models. The phospholipid SM (16:0) and PC (36:4) and/or PC (34:1) were less (P < 0.05) abundant in the P-36 group compared to the control or P-36/eCG groups. However, the PC (34:2) was more (P < 0.05) abundant in both group of superstimulated cows compared to the control. In summary, ovarian superstimulation seems to modulate the PL content of bovine follicular fluid with a significant increase in PC (34:2), which jointly with others PC and SM, seems to offer a suitable biomarker involved with reproductive processes successful as ovary superstimulation response and embryo development. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Inc. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Farmacol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Ciencias Biol, Assis, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Lab Espectrometria Massa, Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Thomson, Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Pampa, Curso Med Vet, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil Univ Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Farmacol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Ciencias Biol, Assis, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2011/50593-2 FAPESP: 2013/11480-3 FAPESP: 2012/07206-0

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:48:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Rio Grande do Sul Foundation for Research Support (FAPERGS) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Ionic liquids (ILs) were examined as new components in polymer/IL mixtures for their potential applications as advanced materials. This work reports the thermodynamics of the aggregation of imidazolium ionic liquids, CnMIMBr (n = 10, 12, 14, and 16), and sodium alginate (ALG) or hydroxamic alginate (AHX) in aqueous solutions. The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of the concentration and alkyl chain length of the ILs and the concentrations and charge density of the polysaccharides on the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes. The aggregation constant (K-agg) was determined from electrical conductivity measurements, and we found that the polymer-IL interactions increase with increasing alkyl chain length of the Rs. Furthermore, an increase in surface tension close to the critical aggregation concentration (C-2) indicates that the adsorbed layer thickness at liquid-air interface is much thicker for the AHX/CnMIMBr systems than for the ALG/CnMIMBr systems (n = 12, 14, and 16). Phase separation was observed for ILs with high hydrophobicity (n = 12,14, and 16) at zeta potentials close to zero. However, in the presence of C10MIMBr, only a slightly turbidity was observed, and the dispersion became transparent with further IL addition. The aggregation of ILs on alginate and its derivative is favorable for longer IL alkyl chains, meaning that the hydrophobic interactions act cooperatively with the electrostatic interactions in the formation of the complexes. The values of the standard Gibbs energy of aggregation (Delta G(agg)(center dot)) indicate that the interactions between C-12 MIMBr with ALG are favorable compared to those with agg AHX because the polymer charge density is higher. On the other hand, C14MIMBr and C-16 MIMBr prefer to aggregate with the more hydrophobic polymer (AHX). These outcomes highlight the role of ILs in the design of new polymer formulations. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Quim, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Pampa, BR-97650000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Quim & Ciencias Ambientais, IBILCE, Campus Sao Jose Da Rio Preto, BR-15054000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Fis, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Quim & Ciencias Ambientais, IBILCE, Campus Sao Jose Da Rio Preto, BR-15054000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Rio Grande do Sul Foundation for Research Support (FAPERGS): 002023-25.51/13-2 Rio Grande do Sul Foundation for Research Support (FAPERGS): 16/2551-0000477-3 CAPES: 001 CNPq: 311803/2016-4 CNPq: 306389/2018-5

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T06:57:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-10-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:01:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0104-40602016000400165.pdf: 336165 bytes, checksum: bac9a60d2fccb7c5c7d831762534133a (MD5) The discussion we bring in this paper is part of our reading of students' speeches who attended Middle School in 2009 and 2010. Our purpose is to evidence the meanings they produced about school based in notions of meaning, object, legitimateness and communicative space which compose the Model of Semantic Fields and an essay on Peter Pan's story that allowed us to distinguish that when students speak about school the meanings they produce, on how important is school for their future, go in the direction of the Adults' World. But, when they put themselves inside the school, their speeches were about getting together with friends and the break period, approaching more the Neverland's logic. Univ Fed Pampa, Campus Bage, BR-96413172 Bage, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Rio Claro,Ave 24 A,1515, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Rio Claro,Ave 24 A,1515, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-03T15:27:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-10-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-11-04T10:15:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782014001001880.pdf: 322798 bytes, checksum: d27f1d5698b44806878356a19879cda4 (MD5) A linguiça frescal é um embutido curado que, devido à manipulação durante as etapas de produção, pode se tornar contaminado com S. aureus, patógeno frequentemente relacionado com práticas inadequadas de higiene durante a produção de alimentos. A utilização de nitrito em embutidos tem sua eficácia comprovada contra C. botulinum e, para o S. aureus, estudos indicam que a ação bactericida depende de fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da concentração de nitrito e do pH frente à contaminação por S. aureus e microbiota autóctone em linguiças frescais estocadas em diferente tempos e temperaturas. Linguiças foram produzidas com concentrações de 50, 150 e 200ppm de nitrito e contaminadas com S. aureus. As linguiças foram armazenadas sob refrigeração (7 e 12°C) e a quantificação de S. aureus e psicrotróficos foi realizada nos dias 0, 2, 4, 7 e 10. Os resultados demonstraram que a influência das concentrações de nitrito e temperaturas utilizadas sobre a multiplicação de S. aureus e da microbiota autóctone foi mínima, sendo dependente apenas do período de estocagem. Entretanto, ao final de dez dias, as contagens foram estatisticamente iguais nos grupos analisados, mostrando que as condições de temperatura e concentrações de nitrito utilizadas não exerceram controle efetivo no desenvolvimento destes micro-organismos. Sugere-se que este produto seja armazenado sob temperaturas inferiores a 7°C ou sob congelamento para maior estabilidade microbiológica Fresh sausages are cured meat products that may be contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus during the manufacturing procedure, which is frequently related with inadequate handling practices. The use of nitrite in meat products has proven efficacy against Clostridium botulinum, and studies indicate that bactericidal action against S. aureus depends on factors that are intrinsic and extrinsic to the product. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nitrite concentration, and pH on S. aureus and psychrotrophic autochthone microbiota in fresh sausages stored at different times and temperatures. Fresh sausage were produced at nitrite concentrations 50, 150 and 200ppm and contaminated with S. aureus. The sausages were storage at refrigeration (7 and 12 degrees C) and the quantification of S. aureus and psychrotrophic microorganisms was carried out on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 10. Results showed that nitrite concentrations and the temperatures used had minimal effect on the multiplication of S. amens and psychrotrophic autochthone microbiota. Final counts depended only on the length of storage: at the end of 10 days, counts were statistically similar in the different groups, showing that temperature and nitrite concentrations used did not control microbial growth effectively. It is suggested that the product should be stored below 7 degrees C or at freezing temperatures for greater microbiological stability. Univ Fed Parana UFPR, Setor Palotina, Dept Ciencias Vet, Palotina, PR, Brazil Univ Fed Pampa UNIPAMPA, Curso Med Vet, BR-97500701 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Med Vet &Zootecnia, Dept Higiene Vet &Saude Publ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Med Vet &Zootecnia, Dept Higiene Vet &Saude Publ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-18T15:56:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-01-01Bitstream added on 2015-03-18T16:28:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000340334000004.pdf: 383553 bytes, checksum: 0026013844fd583419d3ede31209dac8 (MD5) The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of Brachiaria brizantha- MG-4; sown in two seasons and two seeding systems in space between two rows, and to evaluate the effect of intercropping on maize yield, as well as evaluating the physical properties of the soil after the consortium. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural year 2010, the Municipality of Quatro Pontes/PR. The experimental design was randomized blocks as a factorial 2x2, and an additional treatment that was corn cultivation single, with four replications. The treatments consisted two intercropping systems: corn intercropped with Brachiaria brizantha in the row, and corn intercropped with Brachiaria brizantha in space between two rows, and two times of sowing Brachiaria brizantha: simultaneously corn, and twenty-five days after sowing corn. The seed was planted mechanically in no-tillage system, with spacing between the lines of 0,70 m. The ears were harvested by hand and in the laboratory were evaluated: yield components and productivity. Brachiaria brizantha- MG-4 was sown and harvested manually. We evaluated the production of fresh and dry mass and yield components. For soil analyzes the soil was sampled at 0-0.10 and 0,10-0,20 m. Were determined the total porosity, macroporosity and microporosity. The results demonstrated that the production components of Brachiaria brizantha were lower when it was sown twenty-five days after sowing corn, and between sowing systems when Brachiaria brizantha was sown in line. There was no reduction in grain yield of maize intercropped with Brachiaria system independent and sowing date. The consortium of pasture with corn increased the total porosity, and reduced soil bulk density. Univ Estadual Oeste Parana, UNOESTE, Marechal Candido Rodondo, PR, Brazil FCA UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agron, Curso Mestrado Agr, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Pampa, UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil UNOESTE, Marechal Candido Rodondo, PR, Brazil FCA UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agron, Curso Mestrado Agr, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T04:17:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-01-01 LFEM Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) We hypothesised that different endocrine profiles associated with pre-ovulatory follicle (POF) size would impact on uterine prostanoid pathways and thereby modulate the histotroph composition. Beef cows (n=15 per group) were hormonally manipulated to have small (SF-SCL group) or large (LF-LCL group) pre-ovulatory follicles (POF) and corpora lutea (CL). Seven days after induction of ovulation, animals were slaughtered and uterine tissues and flushings were collected for quantification of prostanoids. The POF and CL size and the circulating progesterone concentrations at Day 7 were greater (P0.1) in prostanoid concentrations in the endometrium or in uterine flushings was detected between groups. However, prostaglandin F2 and E2 concentrations in the uterine flushings were positively correlated with the abundance of transcripts for prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (0.779 and 0.865, respectively; P