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1. Hydrological modelling on atmospheric grids: using graphs of sub-grid elements to transport energy and water

Author: Jan Polcher, Anthony Schrapffer, Eliott Dupont, Lucia Rinchiuso, Xudong Zhou, Olivier Boucher, Emmanuel Mouche, Catherine Ottlé, Jérôme Servonnat, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Medicine, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: Land surface models (LSMs) use the atmospheric grid as their basic spatial decomposition because their main objective is to provide the lower boundary conditions to the atmosphere. Lateral water flows at the surface on the other hand require a much higher spatial discretization as they are closely linked to topographic details. We propose here a methodology to automatically tile the atmospheric grid into hydrological coherent units which are connected through a graph. As water is transported on sub-grids of the LSM, land variables can easily be transferred to the routing network and advected if needed. This is demonstrated here for temperature. The quality of the river networks generated, as represented by the connected hydrological transfer units, are compared to the original data in order to quantify the degradation introduced by the discretization method. The conditions the sub-grid elements impose on the time step of the water transport scheme are evaluated, and a methodology is proposed to find an optimal value. Finally the scheme is applied in an off-line version of the ORCHIDEE (Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems) LSM over Europe to show that realistic river discharge and temperatures are predicted over the major catchments of the region. The simulated solutions are largely independent of the atmospheric grid used thanks to the proposed sub-grid approach.
Published: 2023

2. Lateral indentation of a thin elastic film

Author: Miguel Trejo, Victor Romero, Eugenio Hamm, Enrique Cerda, Departamento de Física [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), ModELisation de l'apparence des phénomènes Non-linéaires (ELAN), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Departamento de Fisica [USACH Santiago], Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), European Project: 639139,H2020 ERC,ERC-2014-STG,GEM(2015), and Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK)
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], General Chemistry, 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter Physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas
Abstract: International audience; Indentation is a standard, widely used technique in mechanical assays and theoretical analysis. It unveils the fundamental modes of deformation and predicts the response of the material under more complex loads. Here we present an experimental setup for testing thin-film materials by studying the lateral indentation of a narrow opening cut into a film, triggering a cascade of buckling events. The force response F is dominated by bending and stretching effects for small displacements and slowly varies with indenter displacement $F\sim d^{2/5}$ , to finally reach a wrinkled state that results in a robust nonlinear asymptotic relation, $F\sim d^4$. Experiments with films of various thicknesses and material properties, and numerical simulations confirm our analysis and help to define an order parameter that accounts for the different response regimes observed in experiments and simulations.
Published: 2022

3. Synchrony of carbon cycle fluctuations, volcanism and orbital forcing during the Early Cretaceous

Author: Mathieu Martinez, Beatriz Aguirre-Urreta, Guillaume Dera, Marina Lescano, Julieta Omarini, Maisa Tunik, Luis O'Dogherty, Roque Aguado, Miguel Company, Stéphane Bodin, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber' (INDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Universidad de Cádiz (UCA), Universidad de Jaén (UJA), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Aarhus University [Aarhus], and MITI AAP Temps AstroCarb, CONICET, UBA, UNRN, ANPCyT, projects CGL2014-52546-P (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacíon y Universidades, Spain) and P20_00783 (Junta de Andalucía, Spain)
Subjects: Earth's eccentricity, Astrochronology, Earth's obliquity, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Paleoclimates, Paraná-Etendeka Large Igneous Province, Large Igneous Province, Cretaceous, Episodes of environmental changes, Episodes of environmental changes Paraná-Etendeka
Abstract: International audience; Episodes of Environmental Change (EECs) were times of accelerated hydrological cycle that punctuated the Early Cretaceous. Uncertainties in the geologic time scales however preclude full understanding of the onset, unfolding, and termination of EECs. Here, we reanalyze the hemipelagic sedimentary series from France and Spain from the Valanginian to the Barremian to provide a comprehensive and accurate time scale of the Valanginian–Barremian interval based on the stable 405-kyr eccentricity cycle. According to our astrochonologic framework, the Weissert Event started 134.56 ± 0.19 Ma, in perfect synchronicity with the peak of volcanic activity of the Paraná-Etendeka Large Igneous Province. On average, EECs show a pacing of 2.40 Myr from the Valanginian to the Barremian, in phase with detrital supply and carbon isotope variations from marine carbonates. Long eccentricity cycles were hence key parameters in the regulation of climate and carbon cycles in the Early Cretaceous through changes in the detrital and nutrient supply, oceanic fertilization, organic carbon storage and global sea level. A long obliquity forcing, at 1.2 Myr, is also observed through the studied interval in both the detrital and carbon-isotope ratios series, allowing the identification of long isotopic stages in the Early Cretaceous. Our study highlights a positive correlation between continental runoff and sea-level change, suggesting that glacio-eustasy, and not aquifer-eustasy, was the main driver of global-sea level fluctuations during the Early Cretaceous. We also demonstrate that the humid peak related to the Weissert Event is driven by the pacing of the long orbital cycles despite the emplacement of the Paraná-Etendeka province. Nevertheless, in comparison to other EECs of the Valanginian–Barremian, the Weissert Event appears as a singularly long event with stronger impact on climate and marine ecosystems compared to other EECs. We posit that this is a consequence of the concomitant effect of the emplacement of the Paraná-Etendeka province and the long orbital cycles.
Published: 2023

4. Editorial Appreciation

Author: Lidia Van Driel-Gesztelyi, Michael Wheatland, John Leibacher, Cristina Mandrini, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio [Buenos Aires] (IAFE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

5. Evolution of the spectral lineshape at the magnetic transition in Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ and Sr$_3$Ir$_2$O$_7$

Author: Paul Foulquier, Marcello Civelli, Marcelo Rozenberg, Alberto Camjayi, Joel Bobadilla, Dorothée Colson, Anne Forget, Pierre Thuéry, François Bertran, Patrick Le Fèvre, Véronique Brouet, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), CEA- Saclay (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et de Catalyse pour l'Energie (ex LCCEF) (LCMCE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract: International audience; Sr2IrO4 and Sr3Ir2O7 form two families of spin-orbit Mott insulators with quite different charge gaps and an antiferromagnetic (AF) ground state. This offers a unique opportunity to study the impact of long-range magnetic order in Mott insulators. It appears to play a different role in the two families, as there is almost no change of the resistivity at the magnetic transition TN in Sr2IrO4 and a large one in Sr3Ir2O7. We use angle-resolved photoemission to study the evolution of the spectral lineshape through the magnetic transition. We use Ru and La substitutions to tune TN and discriminate changes due to temperature from those due to magnetic order. We evidence a shift and a transfer of spectral weight in the gap at TN in Sr3Ir2O7, which is absent in Sr2IrO4. We assign this behavior to a significantly larger coherent contribution to the spectral lineshape in Sr3Ir2O7, which evolves strongly at TN. On the contrary, the Sr2IrO4 lineshape is dominated by the incoherent part, which is insensitive to TN. We compare these findings to theoretical expections of the Slater vs. the Mott antiferromagnetism within Dynamical Mean Field Theory.
Published: 2023

6. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44° to convection-permitting resolution: impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author: Minh Truong Ha, S. Bastin, P. Drobinski, L. Fita, J. Polcher, O. Bock, M. Chiriaco, D. Belušić, C. Caillaud, A. Dobler, J. Fernandez, K. Goergen, Ø. Hodnebrog, S. Kartsios, E. Katragkou, A. Lavin-Gullon, T. Lorenz, J. Milovac, H.-J. Panitz, S. Sobolowski, H. Truhetz, K. Warrach-Sagi, V. Wulfmeyer, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SPACE - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Geophysics [Zagreb], Faculty of Science [Zagreb], University of Zagreb-University of Zagreb, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Department of Meteorology and Climatology [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institute of Physics and Meteorology [Stuttgart] (IPM), and University of Hohenheim
Subjects: Earth sciences, Atmospheric Science, Precipitation triggering, Convection-permitting models, Convection processes, Integrated water vapor, ddc:550, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology
Abstract: Recent studies using convection-permitting (CP) climate simulations have demonstrated a step-change in the representation of heavy rainfall and rainfall characteristics (frequency-intensity) compared to coarser resolution Global and Regional Climate models. The goal of this study is to better understand what explains the weaker frequency of precipitation in the CP ensemble by assessing the triggering process of precipitation in the different ensembles of regional climate simulations available over Europe. We focus on the statistical relationship between tropospheric temperature, humidity and precipitation to understand how the frequency of precipitation over Europe and the Mediterranean is impacted by model resolution and the representation of convection (parameterized vs. explicit). We employ a multi-model data-set with three different resolutions (0.44°, 0.11° and 0.0275°) produced in the context of the MED-CORDEX, EURO-CORDEX and the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study "Convective Phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean" (FPSCONV). The multi-variate approach is applied to all model ensembles, and to several surface stations where the integrated water vapor (IWV) is derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements. The results show that all model ensembles capture the temperature dependence of the critical value of IWV (IWVcv), above which an increase in precipitation frequency occurs, but the differences between the models in terms of the value of IWVcv, and the probability of its being exceeded, can be large at higher temperatures. The lower frequency of precipitation in convection-permitting simulations is not only explained by higher temperatures but also by a higher IWVcv necessary to trigger precipitation at similar temperatures, and a lower probability to exceed this critical value. The spread between models in simulating IWVcv and the probability of exceeding IWVcv is reduced over land in the ensemble of models with explicit convection, especially at high temperatures, when the convective fraction of total precipitation becomes more important and the influence of the representation of entrainment in models thus becomes more important. Over lowlands, both model resolution and convection representation affect precipitation triggering while over mountainous areas, resolution has the highest impact due to orography-induced triggering processes. Over the sea, since lifting is produced by large-scale convergence, the probability to exceed IWVcv does not depend on temperature, and the model resolution does not have a clear impact on the results.
Published: 2023

7. Upper Jurassic (TITHONIAN) belemnites from the Neuquén basin, Argentina

Author: Verónica V. Vennari, Beatriz Aguirre-Urreta, Luciana S. Marin, Pierre Pellenard, Mathieu Martinez, Maisa Tunik, Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Técnica del Norte (UTN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber' (INDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), ANPCyT PICT 1016–2016 and PICT 2020–02067, Sepkoski Grant 2019, PIP CONICET 11220170101117CO and 11220200102844CO, CNRS Grants SYSTER-TELLUS 'ACJC' in 2019 and 'GC-JC' in 2021, and MITI AAP Temps 'AstroCarb'
Subjects: Hibolithes, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Fossil coleoidea, Geology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Vaca muerta formation, Trans-gondwana seaway, Belemnopsis, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; Belemnites were a group of Mesozoic coleoids with a global distribution from the Early Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. During the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous, Gondwana's marine shelves were dominated by Belemnopsis and Hibolithes populations. In contrast to the Austral Basin, where both genera are quite common, their record in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) is rather scarce and poor, probably due to a combination of locally unfavorable environmental conditions and predation pressure. Here we describe a new belemnite association from the Tithonian of the Vaca Muerta Formation from southern Mendoza and northern Neuquén provinces. Belemnite's findings are assignable to the Tithonian Windhauseniceras internispinosum and Corongoceras alternans Andean ammonoid Biozones. The studied rostra are identified as Belemnopsis cf. B. patagoniensis, Belemnopsis cf. B. launceloti, and Hibolithes argentinus? Affinities of the Neuquén Basin belemnite fauna are referred to the Madagascan-Eastern Africa associations (Ethiopian Subprovince, Tethyan Province), adding evidence to an established Trans-Gondwana seaway enabling the connection between those areas from the Tithonian onwards.
Published: 2023

8. A mass budget and box model of global plastics cycling, degradation and dispersal in the land-ocean-atmosphere system

Author: Jeroen Sonke, Alkuin Koenig, Nadiia Yakovenko, Oskar Hagelskjaer, Henar Margenat, Sophia Hansson, Francois De Vleeschouwer, Olivier Magand, Gael Le Roux, Jennie Thomas, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-20-CE34-0014,ATMO-PLASTIC,Emission, transport et depots atmospheriques des microplastiques(2020)
Subjects: Emission, River, Ocean, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Soil, Fluxes, Waste, Microplastics, Beach, Sediment, General Materials Science, Deposition
Abstract: Since 1950 humans have introduced 8300 teragrams (Tg, 1012 g, millions of metric tons) of plastic polymers into the Earth’s surface environment. Accounting for the dispersal and fate of produced plastics and fragmented microplastics in the environment has been challenging. Recent studies have fueled debate on the global river budget for plastic transport to oceans, the sinking and beaching of marine plastics and the emission and deposition of atmospheric microplastics. Here we define a global plastics cycle and budget, and develop a box model of plastics cycling, including the fragmentation and transport of large and small microplastics (LMP, SMP) within coupled terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric reservoirs. We force the model with historical plastics production and waste data, and explore how macroplastics, LMP and SMP propagate through the reservoirs from 1950 to 2015 and beyond. We find that considerable amounts of plastics reside most likely in the deep ocean (82 Tg), in shelf sediments (116 Tg), on beaches (1.8 Tg) and, as a result of marine emissions, in the remote terrestrial surface pool (28 Tg). Business as usual or maximum feasible reduction and discard scenarios show similar, 4-fold increases in atmospheric and aquatic ecosystem SMP exposure by 2050, because future plastics mobilization is controlled by releases from the large terrestrial discarded plastics reservoir (3500 Tg). Zero-release from 2025 onwards illustrates recovery of P and LMP reservoirs on centennial time scales, while SMP continue to cycle in air, soil, and surface ocean for millennia. Limiting dramatic future dispersal of plastics requires, in addition to reducing use and waste, remediation of the large terrestrial legacy plastics pool.
Published: 2022

9. Evidence for increasing global wheat yield potential

Author: Jose Rafael Guarin, Pierre Martre, Frank Ewert, Heidi Webber, Sibylle Dueri, Daniel Calderini, Matthew Reynolds, Gemma Molero, Daniel Miralles, Guillermo Garcia, Gustavo Slafer, Francesco Giunta, Diego N L Pequeno, Tommaso Stella, Mukhtar Ahmed, Phillip D Alderman, Bruno Basso, Andres G Berger, Marco Bindi, Gennady Bracho-Mujica, Davide Cammarano, Yi Chen, Benjamin Dumont, Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei, Elias Fereres, Roberto Ferrise, Thomas Gaiser, Yujing Gao, Margarita Garcia-Vila, Sebastian Gayler, Zvi Hochman, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Leslie A Hunt, Kurt C Kersebaum, Claas Nendel, Jørgen E Olesen, Taru Palosuo, Eckart Priesack, Johannes W M Pullens, Alfredo Rodríguez, Reimund P Rötter, Margarita Ruiz Ramos, Mikhail A Semenov, Nimai Senapati, Stefan Siebert, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Claudio Stöckle, Iwan Supit, Fulu Tao, Peter Thorburn, Enli Wang, Tobias Karl David Weber, Liujun Xiao, Zhao Zhang, Chuang Zhao, Jin Zhao, Zhigan Zhao, Yan Zhu, Senthold Asseng, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Center for Climate Systems Research [New York] (CCSR), Columbia University [New York], Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation [Bonn] (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Universidad Austral de Chile, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), KWS Momont SAS, Universitad de Buenos Aires = University of Buenos Aires [Argentina], Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiologicas y Ecologicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Agronomía [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Universitat de Lleida, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University = PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (AAUR), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Purdue University [West Lafayette], Institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research [CAS] (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Université de Liège, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible - Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], University of Hohenheim, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Guelph, Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Centro de Estudios e Investigación para la Gestión de Riesgos Agrarios y Medioambientales (CEIGRAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen] (CBL), Rothamsted Research, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Washington State University (WSU), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universität Kassel [Kassel], Zhejiang University, Nanjing Agricultural University (NAU), Building artificial Intelligence between trust, Responsibility and Decision (BIRD), Department of Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (LORIA - AIS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Beijing Normal University (BNU), China Agricultural University (CAU), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP, Grant IWYP115) and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)., IWYP, CIMMYT (Mexico), and the Chilean Technical and Scientific Research Council (CONICYT) by FONDECYT Project 1141048, National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 31761143006 and 41571493), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of Czech Republic through SustEs (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/000797), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through Designing Future Wheat (BB/P016855/1) and Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems (NE/N018125/1)., International Wheat Yield Partnership, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK)
Subjects: Crop Population, Crop Model Ensemble, Global Food Security Supplementary Material For This Article Is Available Online, Radiation Use Efficiency, Wheat Potential Yield, Yield Increase, Climate, Global Food Security, crop model ensemble, Grain Number, global food security Supplementary material for this article is available online, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Photosynthesis, yield increase, General Environmental Science, WIMEK, radiation use efficiency, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Spring Wheat, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Letter, wheat potential yield, global food security, Food Demand, ddc, Solar-Radiation, Water Systems and Global Change, Biomass Accumulation
Abstract: Wheat is the most widely grown food crop, with 761 Mt produced globally in 2020. To meet the expected grain demand by mid-century, wheat breeding strategies must continue to improve upon yield-advancing physiological traits, regardless of climate change impacts. Here, the best performing doubled haploid (DH) crosses with an increased canopy photosynthesis from wheat field experiments in the literature were extrapolated to the global scale with a multi-model ensemble of process-based wheat crop models to estimate global wheat production. The DH field experiments were also used to determine a quantitative relationship between wheat production and solar radiation to estimate genetic yield potential. The multi-model ensemble projected a global annual wheat production of 1050 ± 145 Mt due to the improved canopy photosynthesis, a 37% increase, without expanding cropping area. Achieving this genetic yield potential would meet the lower estimate of the projected grain demand in 2050, albeit with considerable challenges., This study was a part of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) Wheat Phase 4. The study was supported by the International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP, Grant IWYP115) and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). Experiments carried out in Valdivia (Chile) were funded by IWYP, CIMMYT (Mexico), and the Chilean Technical and Scientific Research Council (CONICYT) by FONDECYT Project 1141048. The experimental work conducted at Valdivia by Dr Jaime Herrera (UACh) is appreciated. F T was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 31761143006 and 41571493). K C K was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of Czech Republic through SustEs (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/000797). Rothamsted Research receives support from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through Designing Future Wheat (BB/P016855/1) and Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems (NE/N018125/1).
Published: 2022

10. On the Stability of Redundancy Models

Author: Elene Anton, Matthieu Jonckheere, Urtzi Ayesta, Ina Maria Verloop, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Cálculo [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Stochastic modelling, Computer science, Probability (math.PR), Stability (learning theory), 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Load balancing (computing), 01 natural sciences, Computer Science Applications, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], 010104 statistics & probability, FOS: Mathematics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: We investigate the stability condition of redundancy-$d$ multi-server systems. Each server has its own queue and implements popular scheduling disciplines such as First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS), Processor Sharing (PS), and Random Order of Service (ROS). New jobs arrive according to a Poisson process and copies of each job are sent to $d$ servers chosen uniformly at random. The service times of jobs are assumed to be exponentially distributed. A job departs as soon as one of its copies finishes service. Under the assumption that all $d$ copies are i.i.d., we show that for PS and ROS (for FCFS it is already known) sending redundant copies does not reduce the stability region. Under the assumption that the $d$ copies are identical, we show that (i) ROS does not reduce the stability region, (ii) FCFS reduces the stability region, which can be characterized through an associated saturated system, and (iii) PS severely reduces the stability region, which coincides with the system where all copies have to be \emph{fully} served. The proofs are based on careful characterizations of scaling limits of the underlying stochastic process. Through simulations we obtain interesting insights on the system's performance for non-exponential service time distributions and heterogeneous server speeds., 38 pages, 21 figures
Published: 2021

11. A peat core Hg stable isotope reconstruction of Holocene atmospheric Hg deposition at Amsterdam Island (37.8oS)

Author: Chuxian Li, Maxime Enrico, Oliver Magand, Beatriz F. Araujo, Gaël Le Roux, Stefan Osterwalder, Aurélien Dommergue, Yann Bertrand, Jérôme Brioude, François De Vleeschouwer, Jeroen E. Sonke, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Hg stable isotopes Southern Hemisphere Peat Rain Hg deposition, Hg stable isotopes, Climate Research, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Geochemistry and Petrology, Southern Hemisphere, Peat, Rain, Hg deposition, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract: Mercury (Hg) stable isotopes have been broadly used to investigate the sources, transformation and deposition of atmospheric Hg during the industrial era thanks to the multiple isotope signatures deriving from mass-dependent (represented by δ) and mass-independent fractionation (represented by Δ) in the environment. Less is known about the impact of past climate change on atmospheric Hg deposition and cycling, and whether Hg isotopes covary with past climate. Here, we investigate Hg concentration and Hg isotope signatures in a 6600-year-old ombrotrophic peat record from Amsterdam Island (AMS, 37.8oS), and in modern rainfall and gaseous elemental Hg (Hg0) samples. Results show that Holocene atmospheric Hg deposition and plant Hg uptake covary with dust deposition, and are both lower under a high humidity regime associated with enhanced Southern Westerly Winds (SWW). Modern AMS gaseous Hg0 and rainfall HgII isotope signatures are similar to those in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Holocene peat Δ199Hg and Δ200Hg are significantly correlated (R2 = 0.67, P < 0.001, n = 58), consistently oscillating between the modern Hg0 and rainfall HgII end-members. Peat Δ200Hg and Δ199Hg provide evidence of plant uptake of Hg0 as the dominant pathway of Hg deposition to AMS peatland, with some exceptions during humid periods. In contrast to NH archives generally documenting a modern increase in Δ199Hg, recent peat layers (post-1900CE) from AMS show the lowest Δ199Hg in the peat profile (-0.42 ± 0.27 ‰, 1σ, n = 8). This potentially reflects changes in the isotopic composition of the SH atmospheric Hg pool in response to industrial emissions, including associated changes in atmospheric Hg chemistry, and/or changes in peat soil Hg mobility. We further find that the oscillations of Hg isotopes are consistent with established Holocene climate variability from dust proxies. We suggest peat Hg isotope records might be a valid rainfall indicator., Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 341, ISSN:0016-7037, ISSN:1872-9533
Published: 2022

12. El Ciclo Ándico de Groeber en la cuenca Neuquina, una revisión y actualización

Author: Aguirre-Urreta, Beatriz, Caramés, Andrea, Cataldo, Cecilia S., Concheyro, Andrea, Herrera, Yanina, Lazo, Darío G., Lescano, Marina, López-Martínez, Rafael, Luci, Leticia, Marín, Luciana S., Martinez, Mathieu, Naipauer, Maximiliano, Pellenard, Pierre, Pino, Diego A., Ramos, Victor A., Tunik, Maisa, Vennari, Verónica, Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber' (INDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto Antártico Argentino, División Paleontología Vertebrados, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Instituto de Geologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Técnica del Norte (UTN), P. Kress, D. Guerberoff, M. Miller, F. Pagan, E. Schwarz, R. Domínguez, V. Hammar, A. Mosquera & M. Ragazzi, Laffont, Rémi, and P. Kress, D. Guerberoff, M. Miller, F. Pagan, E. Schwarz, R. Domínguez, V. Hammar, A. Mosquera & M. Ragazzi
Subjects: Mesozoico, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Estratigrafía, Andes, Geocronología, Paleontología
Abstract: A state of the knowledge of the Andean cycle is presented, mainly based on our recent works, butalso on highlights of recent research of many colleagues. This synthesis allowed us to update thegeochronology of its different units. New absolute ages through U-Pb analysis in zircons by differentmethods complement those previously carried out and made possible to accurately limit the ageof these units. We have been able to define the boundary between the Tordillo and Vaca MuertaFormations very precisely between 147 and 146 Ma; the age of the Agrio Formation between 132 and126 Ma, and to present the first absolute ages of the Huitrín Formation. All these data are screenedthrough precise biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and astrochronology. The Troncoso Memberof the Huitrín Formation yielded an age of 123 Ma that placed it in the Barremian. This is partiallycorroborated by the finding of fossils in the La Tosca Member with trigonioids and foraminifera ofundoubted marine origin, dated with nannofossils of early Barremian age indicating the permanence ofcommunication with the Pacific during the deposition of the Huitrín Formation.
Published: 2022

13. Unraveling late Quaternary atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere through the provenance of Pampean loess

Author: Gabriela Torre, Diego Gaiero, Renata Coppo, Nicolás J. Cosentino, Steven L. Goldstein, François De Vleeschouwer, Gael Le Roux, Louise Bolge, Yael Kiro, André Oliveira Sawakuchi, Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: ISÓTOPOS, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

14. Twenty-five years of Mercator ocean reanalysis GLORYS12 at Drake Passage: Velocity assessment and total volume transport

Author: Christine Provost, Jean-Michel Lellouche, Jae Hak Lee, Gilles Garric, Nathalie Sennéchael, Ramiro Ferrari, Camila Indira Artana, Young-Hyang Park, Clement Bricaud, Austral, Boréal et Carbone (ABC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Antarctic Circumpolar Current, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aerospace Engineering, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, law.invention, Water column, law, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), Drake Passage, Satellite altimetry, Altimeter, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Seafloor spreading, Current (stream), Geophysics, Ocean reanalysis, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Volume transport, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Mercator projection, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Velocities in Drake Passage from the 25-year GLORYS12 Mercator Ocean reanalysis were compared with satellite altimetry-derived surface velocities and independent in-situ velocity measurements from the DRAKE (2006-2009) and cDrake (2007-2011) experiments. GLORYS12 assimilates satellite along-track sea level anomalies and, as expected, model velocities are in rather good agreement with gridded altimetry derived velocities (r ~ 0.5, above 99% confidence level). GLORYS12 velocities also compared well with the currentmeter data from the DRAKE (in the water column) and cDrake (50 m above seafloor) experiments in terms of means and standard deviations; most correlations between the reanalysis and directly measured velocity time series were significant (r ~ 0.5 for DRAKE and r ~ 0.4 for cDrake, above 99% confidence level). We used the GLORYS12 reanalysis to examine the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) total volume transport across three sections in Drake Passage. The 25 years of the ACC total volume transport has a mean of 155 ± 3 Sv and a standard deviation of 6.7 Sv. Annual mean values span over a range of 12 Sv. The spectrum of the GLORYS12 total transport time series shows energy peaks (above 95% confidence level) at the intraseasonal, semi-annual and annual periods and no significant low-frequency variations (beyond 2 years) or trend, in agreement with previous studies. This first assessment of GLORYS12 velocities in Drake Passage is very encouraging for monitoring the regional variability of the ACC.
Published: 2021

15. Effectiveness of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass vs Sleeve Gastrectomy on Lipid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes: a Meta-analysis

Author: Cecilia Closs, Marianela Ackerman, Walter Masson, Martin Lobo, Graciela Molinero, Augusto Lavalle-Cobo, Sophie Béliard, Florian Mourre, René Valéro, Juan Patricio Nogueira, National Formosa University, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura [Corrientes], Universidad Nacional del Nordeste [Corrientes] (UNNE), Facultad de Medicina [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas [Buenos Aires] (ININCA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Medicina [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION)
Subjects: Bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, Gastric Bypass, Gastroenterology, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Cholesterol, LDL, Lipids, HDL-cholesterol, Obesity, Morbid, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastrectomy, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Humans, LDL-cholesterol, Surgery, Obesity, Sleeve gastrectomy, Triglycerides, Dyslipidemias
Abstract: International audience; Introduction Obesity and its co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and dyslipidemia, are accompanied by excess cardiovascular morbi-mortality. Aside from excess low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD), mainly characterized by elevated triglycerides and decreased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, is often present in T2DM obese patients. Bariatric surgery, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), has become a reference treatment in that population. However, the respective effects of RYGB vs SG on lipid metabolism in T2DM patients have been rarely studied.Methods A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, comparing the effects of RGYBG vs SG on lipid metabolism 12 months after surgery in T2DM patients, was performed.Results Four studies including a total of 298 patients (151 patients in the RYGB and 147 patients in the SG group) were examined. Despite a greater decrease in body mass index and greater improvement in glycemic control in RYGB compared to SG. RYGB vs SG was more effective in reducing total cholesterol, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels (mean difference [MD] -26.10 mg/dL, 95 % CI -38.88 to -13.50, p
Published: 2022

16. Earbox, an open tool for high-throughput measurement of the spatial organization of maize ears and inference of novel traits

Author: V. Oury, T. Leroux, O. Turc, R. Chapuis, C. Palaffre, F. Tardieu, S. Alvarez Prado, C. Welcker, S. Lacube, Phymea Systems, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Domaine expérimental de Melgueil (MONTP MELGUEIL UE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité expérimentale du maïs (BORDX ST-MARTIN UE), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiologicas y Ecologicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Agronomía [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), This study is a joined effort from Phymea-Systems and the INRAe. For Phymea-Systems, the work was largely financed by the company’s own resources with a participation from Région Occitanie funds. For the INRAe participation, this work was supported by the EU project FP7-244374 (DROPS), the projects ANR-10-BTBR-0001 (Amaizing) and ANR-11-INBS-0012 (Phenome) and the EU project H2020 731013 (EPPN2020)., ANR-10-BTBR-0001,AMAIZING,Développer de nouvelles variétés de maïs pour une agriculture durable: une approche intégrée de la génomique à la sélection(2010), ANR-11-INBS-0012,PHENOME,Centre français de phénomique végétale(2011), European Project: 244374,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,DROPS(2010), and European Project: 731013 ,EPPN2020(2017)
Subjects: Maize ear imaging, Grain abortion, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genetics, Plant Science, CNN-based deep learning, Zea mays, Environmental response, Maize ear spatial organization, Biotechnology, Grain set
Abstract: Background Characterizing plant genetic resources and their response to the environment through accurate measurement of relevant traits is crucial to genetics and breeding. Spatial organization of the maize ear provides insights into the response of grain yield to environmental conditions. Current automated methods for phenotyping the maize ear do not capture these spatial features. Results We developed EARBOX, a low-cost, open-source system for automated phenotyping of maize ears. EARBOX integrates open-source technologies for both software and hardware that facilitate its deployment and improvement for specific research questions. The imaging platform consists of a customized box in which ears are repeatedly imaged as they rotate via motorized rollers. With deep learning based on convolutional neural networks, the image analysis algorithm uses a two-step procedure: ear-specific grain masks are first created and subsequently used to extract a range of trait data per ear, including ear shape and dimensions, the number of grains and their spatial organisation, and the distribution of grain dimensions along the ear. The reliability of each trait was validated against ground-truth data from manual measurements. Moreover, EARBOX derives novel traits, inaccessible through conventional methods, especially the distribution of grain dimensions along grain cohorts, relevant for ear morphogenesis, and the distribution of abortion frequency along the ear, relevant for plant response to stress, especially soil water deficit. Conclusions The proposed system provides robust and accurate measurements of maize ear traits including spatial features. Future developments include grain type and colour categorisation. This method opens avenues for high-throughput genetic or functional studies in the context of plant adaptation to a changing environment.
Published: 2022

17. Analog Data Assimilation for the Selection of Suitable General Circulation Models

Author: Juan Ruiz, Pierre Ailliot, Thi Tuyet Trang Chau, Pierre Le Bras, Valérie Monbet, Florian Sévellec, Pierre Tandeo, Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Bretagne Atlantique (LMBA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Observations Signal & Environnement (Lab-STICC_OSE), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Mathematical and Electrical Engineering (IMT Atlantique - MEE), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes (IRMAR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), SIMulation pARTiculaire de Modèles Stochastiques (SIMSMART), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes (IRMAR), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Océan Dynamique Observations Analyse (ODYSSEY), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Sciences et Techniques (UBO UFR ST), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), ANR-11-LABX-0020,LEBESGUE,Centre de Mathématiques Henri Lebesgue : fondements, interactions, applications et Formation(2011), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: Data assimilation is a relevant framework to merge a dynamical model with noisy observations. When various models are in competition, the question is to find the model that best matches the observations. This matching can be measured by using the model evidence, defined by the likelihood of the observations given the model. This study explores the performance of model selection based on model evidence computed using data-driven data assimilation, where dynamical models are emulated using machine learning methods. In this work, the methodology is tested with the three-variable Lorenz' model and with an intermediate complexity atmospheric general circulation model (a.k.a. the SPEEDY model). Numerical experiments show that the data-driven implementation of the model selection algorithm performs as well as the one that uses the dynamical model. The technique is able of selecting the best model among a set of possible models and also to characterize the spatio-temporal variability of the model sensitivity. Moreover, the technique is sensitive to differences in the model dynamics which are not reflected in the moments of the climatological probability distribution of the state variables. This suggests the implementation of this technique using available long-term observations and model simulations.
Published: 2022

18. A Choreography-Driven Approach to APIs: The OpenDXL Case Study

Author: Hernán Melgratti, Facundo Maldonado, Leonardo Frittelli, Emilio Tuosto, McAfee [Cordoba], Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación [Buenos Aires] (ICC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), University of Leicester, Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Simon Bliudze, Laura Bocchi, TC 6, and WG 6.1
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 16. Peace & justice, 01 natural sciences, Software implementation, Article, Data flow diagram, Choreography, Threat intelligence, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 010201 computation theory & mathematics, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Visual presentation, Communications protocol, Software engineering, business
Abstract: Part 3: Message-Based Communication; International audience; We propose a model-driven approach based on formal data-driven choreographies to model message-passing applications. We apply our approach to the threat intelligence exchange (TIE) services provided by McAfee through the OpenDXL industrial platform. We advocate a chain of model transformations that (i) devises a visual presentation of communication protocols, (ii) formalises a global specification from the visual presentation that captures the data flow among services, (iii) enables the automatic derivation of specifications for the single components, and (iv) enables the analysis of software implementations.
Published: 2020

19. Diversity and bioactivity of fungi associated with the marine sea cucumber Holothuria poli : disclosing the strains potential for biomedical applications

Author: A. Bouraoui, P. Marchese, Enda O'Connell, J.M. Murphy, Giorgio Gnavi, Mohamed Mehiri, Laura Garzoli, Giovanna Cristina Varese, Instituto de Física de Plasma [Buenos Aires] (INFIP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI (2016), Fondazione CRT, Science Foundation Ireland, and Irish Research Council
Subjects: Cell Survival, media_common.quotation_subject, Library science, environmental mycology, sea cucumber, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, pharmaceuticals, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 03 medical and health sciences, Irish, Osteogenesis, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Political science, Mediterranean Sea, Strategic research, Animals, Holothuria, Humans, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, Biological Products, 0303 health sciences, National Development Plan, biology, 030306 microbiology, Irish government, marine fungi, Fungi, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Hep G2 Cells, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, language.human_language, 3. Good health, Scholarship, Research council, language, cytotoxicity, Mycobiome, Biotechnology, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: Aims: Identification of the mycobiota associated to the marine echinoderm Holothuria poli and investigation of cytotoxic and pro-osteogenic potential of isolated strains. Methods and results: Fungal strains were isolated from the animal s body- wall, intestine and faeces. The species identification was based on DNA barcoding and morphophysiological observations. Forty-seven species were identified, all are Ascomycota and mainly belonging to Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. Sixteen strains were grown on three media for chemical extraction. Cytotoxic activity was tested on a hepatic cancer cell line (HepG2), the cells viability was evaluated after treatment using a resazurin based assay (AlamarBlue). Pro-osteogenic activity was tested on human Mesenchymal stem cell, differentiation was measured as the alkaline phosphatase production through reaction with p-nitrophenylphosphate or as the cells ability to mineralize calcium using a colorimetric kit (StanBio). Cytotoxic activity was recorded for four fungal species while five of 48 extracts highlighted bioactivity towards human mesenchymal stem cells. Conclusions: The presence of relevant animal-associated mycobiota was observed in H. poli and selected strains showed cytotoxic potential and pro- osteogenic activity. Significance and Impact of the Study: Our work represents the first report of a Mediterranean Sea cucumber mycobiota and highlights the isolates potential to synthetize compounds of pharmaceutical interest for regenerative medicine. We acknowledge grant support from CRT Foundation, Science Foundation Ireland - Strategic Research Cluster 09/SRC/B1794 and Irish Research Council Postgraduate Scholarship GOIPG/2016/1113. The authors acknowledge the facilities and scientific and technical assistance of the Genomics and Screening Core at the National University of Ireland Galway, a facility that is funded by NUIG and the Irish Government’s Programme for Research in Third Level Institutions, Cycles 4 and 5, National Development Plan 2007-2013. peer-reviewed 2021-04-10
Published: 2020

20. Interactive Dynamics of Cell Volume and Cell Death in Human Erythrocytes Exposed to α-Hemolysin from Escherichia coli

Author: Nicolas A. Saffioti, Natalia Lauri, Lucia Cané, Rodolfo Gonzalez-Lebrero, Karina Alleva, Isabelle Mouro-Chanteloup, Mariano A. Ostuni, Vanesa Herlax, Pablo Julio Schwarzbaum, Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto de Química y Físicoquímica Biológicas 'Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini' [Buenos Aires] (IQUIFIB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica [Buenos Aires] (FFYB), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata 'Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner' [La Plata] (INIBIOLP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas [La Plata], Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge (BIGR (UMR_S_1134 / U1134)), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine [Paris] (INTS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Ostuni, Mariano
Subjects: Erythrocytes, QH301-705.5, [SDV.BC.IC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Hemolysis, Models, Biological, Catalysis, Article, Permeability, Inorganic Chemistry, Hemolysin Proteins, Adenosine Triphosphate, fluids and secretions, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Humans, purinergic, aquaporins, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Biology (General), Molecular Biology, QD1-999, Spectroscopy, Cell Size, Cell Death, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, cell volume regulation, Escherichia coli Proteins, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, Computer Science Applications, RTX toxins, Kinetics, Chemistry, Host-Pathogen Interactions, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Biomarkers
Abstract: α-hemolysin (HlyA) of E. coli binds irreversibly to human erythrocytes and induces cell swelling, ultimately leading to hemolysis. We characterized the mechanism involved in water transport induced by HlyA and analyzed how swelling and hemolysis might be coupled. Osmotic water permeability (Pf) was assessed by stopped-flow light scattering. Preincubation with HlyA strongly reduced Pf in control- and aquaporin 1-null red blood cells, although the relative Pf decrease was similar in both cell types. The dynamics of cell volume and hemolysis on RBCs was assessed by electrical impedance, light dispersion and hemoglobin release. Results show that HlyA induced erythrocyte swelling, which is enhanced by purinergic signaling, and is coupled to osmotic hemolysis. We propose a mathematical model of HlyA activity where the kinetics of cell volume and hemolysis in human erythrocytes depend on the flux of osmolytes across the membrane, and on the maximum volume that these cells can tolerate. Our results provide new insights for understanding signaling and cytotoxicity mediated by HlyA in erythrocytes.
Published: 2022
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21. Long-term trends in the Southern Annular Mode from transient Mid- to Late Holocene simulation with the IPSL-CM5A2 climate model

Author: Gabriel Silvestri, Ana Laura Berman, Pascale Braconnot, Olivier Marti, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Model developments and infrastructure is supported by the IPSL Modeling Center and benefts from the L-IPSL LABEX and IPSL Climate Graduate School, and ANR-17-EURE-0006,IPSL-CGS,IPSL Climate graduate school(2017)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

22. Circulation Patterns and Associated Rainfall Over South Tropical South America: GCMs Evaluation During the Dry‐To‐Wet Transition Season

Author: M. E. Olmo, J.‐C. Espinoza, M. L. Bettolli, J. P. Sierra, C. Junquas, P. A. Arias, V. Moron, R. Balmaceda‐Huarte, Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Universidad de Antioquia = University of Antioquia [Medellín, Colombia], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], and ANR-18-MPGA-0008,AMANECER,Connexion Amazone - Andes(2018)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; South Tropical South America (STSA), extended approximately between 10°N-30°S and 90°W-30°W, is a wide region where diverse interactions among biomass, land surface processes and atmospheric convection take place. These interactions modulate the local and regional climate and directly impact on the socio-environmental activities (Fu et al., 2013; Reis et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2015). STSA hosts the Amazonia-the world's largest rainforest and one of the major sources of evapotranspiration-playing a critical role in the global balances of energy, water, moisture and carbon (Gatti et al., 2021; Llopart et al., 2020). The region presents unique biodiversity and geographical patterns, mainly due to the interaction of the Amazonia and the Andes mountain range, which have deep implications in the atmospheric dynamics, moisture transport and river discharge not only throughout STSA but also in remote regions of the continent (Arias, Garreaud, et al., 2021; Espinoza et al., 2020; Sierra et al., 2021). Precipitation (PP) over STSA presents a marked spatio-temporal variability, strongly controlled by the South American Monsoon System (SAMS), with rainfall maxima during its active phase during the austral summer (Marengo et al., 2012; Vera et al., 2006). The monsoonal circulation-which develops in response to seasonal changes in thermal land-sea contrasts-is connected to different documented atmospheric features, including a NW-SE band of convergence and convective activity over the southeast of South America and the adjacent South Atlantic ocean known as the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ), an anticyclonic center located
Published: 2022

23. Role of convergence obliquity and inheritance on sliver tectonics: Insights from 3-D subduction experiments

Author: Suárez, Rodrigo, Guillaume, Benjamin, Martinod, Joseph, Ghiglione, Matías, Sue, Christian, Kermarrec, Jean-Jacques, Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber' (INDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Argentinian-French ECOS-SUD (grant: A15U02), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) (PIP 11220200100307CO), and UBACYT (GC 20020190100382BA, PICT-2020-SERIEA-03277)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Geophysics, Oblique convergence, Orogenic systems, Subduction dynamics, Laboratory experiments, Sliver motion, Upper plate strain, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; The subduction dynamics and deformation style in the framework of subduction zones have been classically understood under a vision of trench-orthogonal plate convergence. We perform 3-D upper mantle-scale analog models to further understand the dynamics of subduction systems and overriding plate strain distribution under varying convergence angles and in the presence or absence of intraplate inherited weak zones. The laboratory experiments show that whatever the obliquity of convergence, the subduction dynamics is largely influenced by the interaction of the slab with the 660 km discontinuity. The slab geometry alternates between stages of slab shallowing and steepening, which are accompanied by alternating periods of shortening and stretching (or moderate shortening) of the overriding plate, respectively. As convergence departs from being orthogonal and in the absence of an intraplate inherited weak zone, strain within the overriding plate shifts from pure shear to sub-simple shear. When a lithospheric-scale weak zone is introduced along the forearc-arc interface and under trench-oblique convergence, the strain is partitioned and the forearc develops sliver motion - and independent deformation - from the rest of the overriding plate. The forearc evolution is characterized by a three-step history: (i) detachment and oceanward motion, (ii) advancing motion toward the continent, and, (iii) accretion that can ultimately lead to underthrusting of the forearc. Decreasing slab dip increases the interplate force, resulting in larger stresses applied on the intraplate fault separating the forearc sliver from the continent. Hence, models show that because larger compression increases the coupling between the forearc and the plate, it does not favor sliver motion.
Published: 2022

24. Occurrence of Cyclusphaera Scabrata in Achiri (Late Middle-Early Late Miocene?, Bolivian Altiplano): Paleogeographical Implication

Author: Mercedes B. Prámparo, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Laurent Marivaux, Rubén Andrade Flores, Marcos Fernández-Monescillo, Alberto Boscaini, Bernardino Mamani Quispe, Séverine Fauquette, Colline Bonnet, Philippe Münch, François Pujos, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CONICET (PIP 11220200101738CO), National Geographic, PALTIPLANO (CNRS MITI [INSU-INEE], 80 PRIME, and ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010)
Subjects: History, Araucarian dispersed pollen, Northwestern Altiplano, Polymers and Plastics, Neogene palynomorphs, Geology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Business and International Management, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Mauri Formation, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; A palynological assemblage including the extinct araucarian dispersed pollen, Cyclusphaera scabrata, was analysed from the Achiri locality, Bolivian Altiplano. The fossil-yielding locality of Achiri is located in the Pacajes Province, La Paz Department, in the northwestern Altiplano, Bolivia. The Achiri locality is very well known by the fossil vertebrate faunas recovered from the Mauri Formation (M6). The palynological samples come from fine-grained and plant-rich lacustrine levels lower in the same unit. An age between late middle to early late Miocene? was inferred for the palynological association studied, based on local stratigraphy and radioisotopic ages obtained higher in the series. The retrieved association is mainly represented by angiosperms; although gymnosperms, bryophytes, ferns, and freshwater algae are also documented. Compositae are the most abundant group within angiosperms, and Polylepis also occurred but in low percentages. The presence of C. scabrata in the Bolivian Altiplano expands the taxon distribution outside northern South America and provides additional evidence to infer timing and distribution routes of conifers, restricted toward the tropics during the latest Neogene. Its occurrence supports a paleoelevation of no more than 2000 m for the northern area of the Altiplano in agreement with previous results. Compositae of Fenestrites type and Polylepis occur earlier in Bolivia and C. scabrata later, comparing their occurrence in miocene microfloras from low to mid-latitudes of South America.
Published: 2022

25. Dorsal raphe serotonin neurotransmission is required for the expression of nursing behavior and for pup survival

Author: Muzerelle, Aude, Soiza-Reilly, Mariano, Hainer, Cornelia, Ruet, Pierre-Louis, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Bader, Michael, Alenina, Natalia, Scotto-Lomassese, Sophie, Gaspar, Patricia, Institut du Fer à Moulin (IFM - Inserm U1270 - SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias [Buenos Aires] (IFIBYNE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine [Berlin] (MDC), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, University of Würzburg, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Maastricht University [Maastricht], German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU), United Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineralogy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Dorsal Raphe Nucleus, Male, Serotonin, DETERMINES MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 5-HT, DEVELOPMENTAL ROLE, Tryptophan Hydroxylase, Neural circuits, Synaptic Transmission, Article, Animals, ANXIETY, Maternal Behavior, NEURONS, Mice, Knockout, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], OXYTOCIN, DEFICIENCY, MICE, Animals, Newborn, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, PROJECTIONS, Medicine, Female, Social neuroscience, DEPLETION
Abstract: International audience; Proper maternal care is an essential factor of reproductive success in mammals, involving a repertoire of behaviors oriented toward the feeding and care of the offspring. Among the neurotransmitters involved in the initiation of these behaviors, serotonin (5-HT) seems to play an important role. Here we compared pup-oriented maternal behaviors in mice with constitutive 5-HT depletion, the tryptophan hydroxylase 2-knock-out (Tph2-KO) and the Pet1-KO mice. We report that the only common pup-oriented defect in these 2 hyposerotoninergic models is a defective nursing in parturient mice and altered nursing-like (crouching) behavior in virgin mice, while pup retrieval defects are only present in Tph2-KO. Despite a normal mammary gland development and milk production, the defect in appropriate nursing is responsible for severe growth retardation and early lethality of pups born to hyposerotonergic dams. This nursing defect is due to acute rather constitutive 5-HT depletion, as it is reproduced by adult knockdown of Tph2 in the dorsal raphe nucleus in mothers with a prior normal maternal experience. We conclude that 5-HT innervation from the dorsal raphe is required for both the initiation and maintenance of a normal nursing behavior. Our findings may be related to observations of reduced maternal/infant interactions in human depression.
Published: 2021

26. The megatherioid sloth 'Xyophorus' villarroeli from the late Miocene of Achiri (Bolivia)

Author: Pujos, François, Gaudin, Timothy J., Boscaini, Alberto, Abello, M. Alejandra, Andrade Flores, Rubén, Fernandez-Monescillo, Marcos, Mamani Quispe, Bernardino, MARIVAUX, Laurent, Pramparo, Mercedes b., Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Münch, Philippe, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo [La Plata] (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PICT 2010-1805, MINCyT-ECOS A14U01, NGS 9971-16, and EC-44712R-18, and Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; Miocene vertebrate localities are uncommon in central South America. In Bolivia, the best known mammalian faunas ofthis period come from Quebrada Honda (late middle Miocene, Tarija Department) and Cerdas (early middle Miocene, PotosíDepartment). The Achiri locality (La Paz Department) was reported first by Hoffstetter in 1972. Subsequently, campaignswere conducted in this locality by several paleontologists, including Villarroel, Anaya, Saint-André, and by our team over thelast decade. Recently, we have obtained two precise absolute dates (40Ar/39Ar) on feldspar contained in ashes intercalatedbetween fossiliferous levels and confirmed a late Miocene age (10.35±0.07 Ma and 10.42±0.09 Ma, late Mayoan–earlyChasicoan South American Land Mammal Ages) as suggested by Marshall and colleagues in 1983. Almost all the specimenscome from the Cerros Virgen Pata and Jiska/Jacha Pisakeri localities, the latter located 3–4 km southeast of Achiri village.In the past, discoveries of numerous spectacular specimens have allowed the identification of new mammalian speciessuch as the notoungulates Plesiotypotherium achirense and Hoffstetterius imperator, the sparassodontan Borhyaenidiumaltiplanicum, and the xenarthrans Trachycalyptoides achirense and Xyophorus villarroeli. Xyophorus was erected by Ameghinoin 1887 on the basis of a dentary fragment from the lower Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (Argentina). This taxon is generallyconsidered to be a nothrotheriid sloth (although has never been formally included in a phylogenetic analysis based onosteological characters). Six species are recognized in Argentina. This genus is also recorded in Achiri through the endemicspecies X. villarroeli, and also in Cerdas and Quebrada Honda through X. cf. bondesioi. Unfortunately, all the specimensreferred to Xyophorus are extremely fragmentary. Here we present a partial skull (MNHN-Bol-V 12690, National Museumof Natural History, La Paz, Bolivia) discovered in Achiri, belonging to an adult, and referred as “Xyophorus” villarroeli. Itconsists of a right posterolateral portion of the skull, including parts of squamosal, parietal, basioccipital, exoccipital, andits complete ear region with ectotympanic, entotympanic, and petrosal. Preliminary observations of this new specimenreveal the presence of at least seven autapomorphies, including a very rugose external surface of ectotympanic, a clearcontact between styliform process of ectotympanic and pterygoid, and a reduced or absent subarcuate fossa. Thismegatherioid sloth shares several synapomorphies with nothrotheriids, including a dorsoventrally elongated ectotympanicand an ovate stylohyal fossa. It exhibits also transitional features between basal megatherioids and nothrotheriids, like aventral portion of the ectotympanic that is expanded transversely in ventral view (more than Hapalops and less thanNothrotheriidae) and deeper in lateral view than that of Hapalops, although similar in proportions to Pronothrotherium andMionothropus. This specimen thus suggests that “Xyophorus” villarroeli could be an early-diverging nothrothere, withaffinities to Hapalops and also early Nothrotheriidae, and probably distinct from Xyophorus of more austral localities. Acomprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Megatherioidea including this form from Achiri, Aymaratherium from the earlyPliocene of Pomata-Ayte, and Lakukullus and Hiskatherium from Quebrada Honda, should allow for a better understandingof the relationships among Patagonian and Andean Megatherioidea.
Published: 2021

27. El yacimiento de Ayo Ayo-Viscachani (Plioceno-Pleistoceno, Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia): 50 años desde su descubrimiento

Author: Boscaini, Alberto, Fernández‐monescillo, Marcos, Pérez, María Encarnación, Mamani Quispe, Bernardino, Andrade Flores, Rubén, Gaudin, Timothy J., Marivaux, Laurent, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Münch, Philippe, Pujos, François, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio [Chubut] (MEF), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), NGS EC-44712R-18 y NGS 9971-16, Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, and MARIVAUX, Laurent
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; El yacimiento boliviano de Ayo Ayo-Viscachani se sitúa en proximidad de los homónimos pueblos altiplánicos, a unos 70 kmal sur de La Paz y aproximadamente a 4.000 metros de altitud sobre el nivel del mar. El yacimiento fosilífero se distribuyea ambos lados de la Ruta Nacional 1, que conecta la capital boliviana con la ciudad de Oruro. Su contenido faunístico secompone de mamíferos principalmente pliocenos, y minoritariamente pleistocenos, que fueron dados a conocer por RobertHoffstetter y colaboradores en 1971. Recientes campañas paleontológicas permitieron aclarar la geología tanto de AyoAyo como de Viscachani, evidenciando diferencias a nivel sedimentológico entre ellas, con facies de carácter másrelacionadas con ambientes fluviales en el sector Ayo Ayo y lacustres en el sector de Viscachani. Pudimos realizar nuevosmuestreos de la toba Ayo Ayo y, por primera vez, datar el mismo nivel en las cercanías de Viscachani. Los análisisradioisotópicos (Ar/Ar) realizados en las dos tobas arrojaron una edad absoluta de 2,9+/-0,02 Ma, representando el mismoevento volcánico y permitiendo correlacionar ambos perfiles. En cuanto a contenido faunístico, los taxones pliocenos,procedentes de la Formación Umala, incluyen un ave fororrácido, los metaterios Sparassocynus heterotopicus y Microtragulusbolivianus, el litopterno Promacrauchenia sp., el notoungulado Posnanskytherium viscachanense, los roedores Praectenomysrhombidens, Prolagostomus sp., Phugatherium saavedrai y “Orthomyctera” andina, los xenartros acorazados Pampatheriumsp., Macroeuphractus cf. moreni, y los perezosos Megatherium altiplanicum y Simomylodon uccasamamensis. Entre los taxonesdel Pleistoceno inferior figuran el litopterno Macrauchenia patachonica y xenartros de gran tamaño incluyendo Glyptodonsp., Glossotherium sp., Catonyx tarijensis, y Megatherium tarijense. Además, registramos la presencia de los inmigrantesnorteamericanos Equus sp., Palaeolama sp., y un cérvido indet. Entre los megamamíferos, se destaca la preponderancia delos xenartros de gran tamaño, tanto para el Plioceno como para el Pleistoceno de la localidad de Ayo Ayo-Viscachani. Enniveles pliocenos, la ausencia de taxones norteamericanos y el último registro de algunos taxones sudamericanos sugierecierto grado de endemismo para la fauna hallada en la Formación Umala. Esto podría estar relacionado con el carácteraltiplánico de esta área que registraba durante el Plioceno tardío una altitud estimada de 2.000–3.000 metros sobre elnivel del mar. Finalmente, los roedores de Ayo Ayo-Viscachani, así como la abundancia relativa de xenartros y la escasezde notoungulados, indicarían un ambiente árido y de bajas temperaturas, también compatible con las elevadas altitudes delAltiplano a finales del Neógeno.
Published: 2021

28. Complete craniomandibular and dental remains of Microtypotherium choquecotense (Notoungulata, Typotheria, Mesotheriidae) from the Middle Miocene of the Bolivian Altiplano

Author: Fernández‐Monescillo, Marcos, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Mamani Quispe, Bernardino, Münch, Philippe, Boscaini, Alberto, Andrade Flores, Rubén, MARIVAUX, Laurent, Pujos, François, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Proyecto subsidiado por: PICT 2010-1805, MINCyT-ECOS A14U01, NGS 9971-16 y EC-44712R-18., and Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; We report new complete craniomandibular and dental remains of the mesotheriine notoungulate Microtypotheriumchoquecotense, from the Choquecota-Hakallinca type locality, Totora Formation (middle Miocene, Bolivia). Microtypotheriumchoquecotense is the most abundant taxon in this locality, with ca. 57% of the mammalian fossil recovered (15 out of 26).We estimate for an adult individual (Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, La Paz, Bolivia, MNHN-Bol-V 13223), a body massof 21.69±3.79 or 21.26±4.88 kg, based on cranial or mandibular measurements, respectively. The studied fossils widelyimprove our knowledge of the morphology of the so-far elusive M. choquecotense, as well as other early-divergingmesotheriines with which it shares some characteristics (e.g., Altitypotherium spp.), such as I1 oval in occlusal view and withsmooth enamel, median lobe of M1-2 aligned lingually with the protoloph and metaloph, well-differentiated septum atthe incisive foramen, and parallel upper diastemata. Autapomorphic features include an oval i1 (which differentiates it from the trapezoidal shape as seen in Altitypotherium/Rusconitherium) and P4 with a marked enamel fold on the lingual edge.The presence of the latter trait is particularly striking as it has been either considered for differentiating late-divergingmesotheriines (Pseudotypotherium spp. and Mesotherium; also present in Caraguatypotherium) from earlier-diverging generaor for distinguishing species within Eutypotherium. In short, this character seems to occur much earlier in the evolutionaryhistory of mesotheriines than previously thought and it might document intraspecific variation as well, as a polymorphicfeature, within Microtypotherium and Eutypotherium.
Published: 2021

29. Flow-induced self-sustained oscillations in a straight channel with rigid walls and elastic supports

Author: Sciamarella, Denisse, Alviso, Dario, Gronskis, Alejandro, Castro, Federico, Artana, Guillermo, Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sciamarella, Denisse
Subjects: Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.MECA.MEFL] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; This work considers the two-dimensional flow field of an incompressible viscous fluid in a long parallel-sided channel. In our study, one of the walls is fixed whereas the other one is elastically mounted and sustains oscillations induced by the flow. The flow that forces the wall movement is produced as a consequence that one of the ends of the channel is pressurized, while the opposite end is at atmospheric pressure. We report experimental results of the observed oscillations and propose an analytical model to explore the conditions in which this motion is possible.
Published: 2021

30. Topological colouring of fluid particles unravels finite-time coherent sets

Author: Guillermo Artana, Gisela D. Charó, Denisse Sciamarella, Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Series (mathematics), Betti number, Mechanical Engineering, Reynolds number, Condensed Matter Physics, Topology, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, symbols.namesake, Flow (mathematics), Mechanics of Materials, Position (vector), Phase space, [NLIN.NLIN-CD]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD], 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Embedding, Orientability, [NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics], [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], 010306 general physics
Abstract: International audience; This work describes the application of a technique that extracts branched manifolds from time series to study numerically generated fluid particle behaviour in the wake past a cylinder performing a rotary oscillation at low Reynolds numbers, and compares it with the results obtained for a paradigmatic analytical model of Lagrangian motion: the driven double gyre. The approach does not require prior knowledge of the underlying equations defining the dataset. The time series taken as input corresponds to the evolution of a position coordinate of an individual fluid particle. A delay embedding is used to reconstruct the dynamics in phase space, and a cell complex is built to characterize the topology of the embedding. Fluid particles are said to belong to the same topological class when the Betti numbers, orientability chains and weak boundaries of the associated cell complexes coincide. Topological colouring consists of labelling or ‘colouring’ advected particles with the topological class obtained in their finite-time analyses. The results suggest that topological colouring can be used to distinguish between regions of the flow where trajectories exhibit different finite-time dynamics.
Published: 2021

31. Cascading effects of moth outbreaks on subarctic soil food webs

Author: Heidy Schimann, Lucie Zinger, Mickaël Hedde, Wilfried Thuiller, Arnaud Foulquier, Irene Calderón-Sanou, Mélanie Roy, Marc Ohlmann, Sara Si-Moussi, Nigel G. Yoccoz, Tamara Münkemüller, Ludovic Gielly, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Mathématiques (LAMA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-16-CE02-0009,GlobNets,Biogéographie globale des réseaux écologiques des forêts du monde(2016), THUILLER, Wilfried, Biogéographie globale des réseaux écologiques des forêts du monde - - GlobNets2016 - ANR-16-CE02-0009 - AAPG2016 - VALID, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Food Chain, Ecosystem ecology, Science, Biodiversity, Moths, Biology, Poaceae, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Mycorrhizae, Animals, Ecosystem, Relative species abundance, Betula, Trophic level, Multidisciplinary, Defoliants, Chemical, Ecology, Plant community, [SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, 15. Life on land, Subarctic climate, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 030104 developmental biology, Disturbance (ecology), Ecological networks, Medicine, Omnivore, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental Pollution, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: The increasing severity and frequency of natural disturbances requires a better understanding of their effects on all compartments of biodiversity. In Northern Fennoscandia, recent large-scale moth outbreaks have led to an abrupt change in plant communities from birch forests dominated by dwarf shrubs to grass-dominated systems. However, the indirect effects on the belowground compartment remained unclear. Here, we combined eDNA survey of multiple trophic groups with network analyses to demonstrate that moth defoliation has far-reaching consequences on soil food webs. Following this disturbance, diversity and relative abundance of certain trophic groups declined (e.g. ectomycorrhizal fungi) while many others profited (e.g. bacterivores, omnivores) making soil food webs more diverse and structurally different. Overall, the direct and indirect consequences of moth outbreaks increased belowground diversity at different trophic levels. Our results highlight that a holistic view of ecosystems improves our understanding of cascading effects of major disturbances on soil food webs.
Published: 2021

32. Detecting vulnerability of humid tropical forests to multiple stressors

Author: Fred Stolle, Francisco Román, Thomas B. Smith, Sean P. Healey, Alvaro Duque, Richard Sufo Kankeu, Katia Fernandes, Francois De Vleeschouwer, Yadvinder Malhi, Dennis Del Castillo Torres, Sylvia Wilson, Hyongki Lee, Rodrigo Vargas, Nadine Therese Laporte-Goetz, Carlos A. Nobre, Raphael Tshimanga, Matthew C. Hansen, Kristofer R. Covey, Nuno Carvalhais, Robert G. M. Spencer, Christine May Johnson, Liang Xu, Nancy L. Harris, Sassan Saatchi, Michel André, Diane Russell, Atiek Widayati, Raymond Sinsi Lumbuenamo, Michelle Venter, Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz, Hitofumi Abe, Aurora C. Elmore, Yan Yang, Steven P. Brumby, Veronique De Sy, Juliann E. Aukema, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Marcos Longo, Lina María Sánchez-Clavijo, Douglas Sheil, Janet Chernela, Jean-Michel Martinez, Alice M. S. Durieux, Victoria Gammino, Jeremy Radachowsky, Gillian Ann Cerbu, Gae Yansom Gowae, Dennis Garrity, Margaret Lowman, Joshua West, Lucy Gibbon, Robert G. Hilton, David Gibbs, Stuart J. Davies, Adam F. A. Pellegrini, Hesti Lestari Tata, Luis E. Fernandez, Isai V. Cubillos, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Vulnerability index, Life on Land, forest response, autocorrelation, Humid subtropical climate, Vulnerability, Climate change, humid tropical forests, tipping point, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, carbon cycle, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, Amazon, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, early warning, 0303 health sciences, Biomass (ecology), Land use, Ecology, Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Degradació ambiental::Canvi climàtic [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Primary production, Tròpics -- Clima, 15. Life on land, Climatic changes, Tipping point (climatology), PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Boscos -- Conservació, Climate Action, Boscos i silvicultura, Congo, 13. Climate action, vulnerability index, Environmental science, Forests and forestry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, climate stress, Canvis climàtics
Abstract: Humid tropical forests play a dominant role in the functioning of Earth but are under increasing threat from changes in land use and climate. How forest vulnerability varies across space and time and what level of stress forests can tolerate before facing a tipping point are poorly understood. Here, we develop a tropical forest vulnerability index (TFVI) to detect and evaluate the vulnerability of global tropical forests to threats across space and time. We show that climate change together with land-use change have slowed the recovery rate of forest carbon cycling. Temporal autocorrelation, as an indicator of this slow recovery, increases substantially for above-ground biomass, gross primary production, and evapotranspiration when climate stress reaches a critical level. Forests in the Americas exhibit extensive vulnerability to these stressors, while in Africa, forests show relative resilience to climate, and in Asia reveal more vulnerability to land use and fragmentation. TFVI can systematically track the response of tropical forests to multiple stressors and provide early-warning signals for regions undergoing critical transitions.
Published: 2021

33. Postcranial anatomy of the extinct terrestrial sloth Simomylodon uccasamamensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of the Bolivian Altiplano, and its evolutionary implications

Author: Timothy J. Gaudin, Philippe Münch, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Rubén Andrade Flores, Bernardino Mamani Quispe, François Pujos, Laurent Marivaux, Alberto Boscaini, Néstor Toledo, Marcos Fernández-Monescillo, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), National Geographic Society, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, biology, Pleistocene, Paleontology, Postcrania, Xenarthra, Anatomy, Sloth, biology.organism_classification, Neogene, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Mylodontidae, biology.animal, Taxonomy (biology), [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Cenozoic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Extinct terrestrial sloths are common elements of the late Cenozoic South American fossil record. Among them, Mylodontinae species were particularly abundant in the Americas throughout the Pleistocene epoch, and their anatomy is relatively well known. In contrast, less information is available from the Neogene record and particularly from localities at low latitudes, with an additional and considerable bias in favor of craniodental rather than postcranial remains. In this contribution, we provide comparative descriptions of several postcranial bony elements ascribed to Simomylodon uccasamamensis, a moderatesized extinct mylodontine from the Andean Altiplano. This species was particularly abundant during latest Miocene–late Pliocene times in the high altitudes of the Andean Cordillera, and so far represents the best known mylodontine from the Neogene of South America. Its anatomy is compared with that of several extinct terrestrial sloths, with the aim of using the observed morphologies to elucidate taxonomy, phylogeny, and locomotion. From a morphofunctional perspective, the postcranium of S. uccasamamensis is consistent with that of a terrestrial graviportal quadruped, with moderate climbing and digging capabilities.
Published: 2021

34. Malvinas current at 44.7°S: First assessment of velocity temporal variability from in situ data

Author: Martin Saraceno, Ramiro Ferrari, Camila Artana, Guillermina Fernanda Paniagua, Marcela Charo, Alberto R. Piola, Christine Provost, Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos [Buenos Aires] (IFAECI), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Servicio de Hidrografia Naval, Servicio de Hydrografia Naval, Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Austral, Boréal et Carbone (ABC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmosfera y los Oceanos (DCAO), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mesoscale meteorology, IN SITU TIME SERIES, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Escarpment, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Current meter, Potential vorticity, Bathymetry, MALVINAS CURRENT VARIABILITY, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ALTIMETRY DATA, Geology, PATAGONIAN SLOPE, Geodesy, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Ridge
Abstract: International audience; We report current meter measurements obtained by four moorings deployed across the Malvinas Current (MC) at 44.7ºS during 18 months between December 2015-June 2017. Previous measurements of the MC strength have been reported only close to the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence, hindering the interpretation of the flow variability. The record-length time averaged velocities and variance ellipses indicate a strong northward along-isobath flow with an equivalent-barotropic structure. The meridional velocities at the western and eastern moorings are not correlated and show large amplitude oscillations which are coherent with the passage of mesoscale features over the moorings. Satellite altimetry data, that are highly correlated with 20-day low-pass filtered in situ velocities (r~0.80), show that the MC variability is affected by the propagation of sea level anomalies (SLA) along the Patagonian slope with phase speeds that range between 0.21 ± 0.04 m s-1 and 0.14 ± 0.01 m s-1. SLAs propagate northward along the slope following contours of constant potential vorticity and its phase speeds decrease towards the east across the slope. SLAs that mostly affect the western mooring originate in the northern flank of the North Scotia Ridge while SLAs that mostly affect the eastern mooring originate along the Malvinas Escarpment, along the northern edge of the Malvinas Plateau. We suggest that the interaction between eddies and the complex bathymetry at those locations generate instabilities that enhance the generation of mesoscale structures that propagate in the flow direction along the western boundary of the Argentine Basin affecting the variability of the MC velocities.
Published: 2021

35. Revisiting the Malvinas Current upper circulation and water masses using a highresolution ocean reanalysis

Author: Christine Provost, Lea Poli, Camila Artana, Jean-Michel Lellouche, Ramiro Ferrari, Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Austral, Boréal et Carbone (ABC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)
Subjects: Water mass, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010505 oceanography, Resolution (electron density), Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Circulation (fluid dynamics), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Climatology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 14. Life underwater, Current (fluid), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; We use 25 years of a high-resolution ocean reanalysis (1/12°) to revisit the Malvinas Current (MC) from the South (Drake Passage) to the North (Brazil-Malvinas Confluence) from the synoptic to interannual time scales. The Malvinas Plateau is home to active eddy mixing, eddy dissipation and deep winter mixed layers occasionally reaching 600 m depth. The MC is organized in two jets which merge around 44°S as the continental slope steepens. The upper 900 m transport mean decreases from 40 Sv at 51°S to 35 Sv at 41°S indicating offshore leakage along the MC path. The MC plays a minor role in the velocity variations observed at the Confluence at seasonal and interannual scales; those are driven by changes in the intensity of the Brazil Current over the slope (34–36°S). Computing MC transport time series at different latitudes requires care because the section eastern limits are embedded in an energetic region. Transport time series were produced at selected latitudes using different criteria and showed common features. They show little seasonality (relative seasonal standard deviation of 2%) and no significant trend. The MC is a steady current: the relative standard deviation is on the order of 10% increasing to 20% near and on the Malvinas Plateau and near the Confluence. In contrast, velocity trends are large in the Brazil Current with the overshoot migrating southward. The associated increase in mesoscale activity south of 44°S in the Argentine Basin might contribute to blocking events occasionally reducing the MC transport.
Published: 2021

36. SME-4-producing Serratia marcescens from Argentina belonging to clade 2 of the S. marcescens phylogeny

Author: Marcela Nastro, Angela Famiglietti, Philippe Glaser, Carlos Hernán Rodríguez, Rafael Patiño-Navarrete, Laura Dabos, Thierry Naas, Structure, Dynamique, Fonction Et Expression Des Beta-Lactamases À Large Spectre, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (CNR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Ecologie et Evolution de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques / Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotics Resistance (EERA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratorio de Bacteriología Clínica [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica [Buenos Aires] (FFYB), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Centre National de Référence Associé de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques [Hôpital Bicêtre AP-HP] (CNRARA/Service de Microbiologie), This work was supported by the Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), the University Paris-Sud, the LabExs Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics (LERMIT) and Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IBEID) supported by grants from the French National Research Agency (ANR-10-LABX-33), and by the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR) DesInMBL (ANR-14-JAMR-002), and by DIM Malinf, Ile deFrance, for L. D.’s PhD fellowship., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-14-JAMR-0002,DesInMBL,Structure-guided design of pan inhibitors of metallo-ß-lactamases(2014), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Sud Orsay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de Référence Associé de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Imipenem, Genomic Islands, Genotype, 030106 microbiology, Argentina, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Genome, beta-Lactamases, Serratia Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bacterial Proteins, Phylogenetics, Genomic island, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Clade, Phylogeny, Serratia marcescens, Pharmacology, Genetics, Whole genome sequencing, Whole Genome Sequencing, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Computational Biology, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Infectious Diseases, Genome, Bacterial, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background SME carbapenemases are increasingly reported, especially from North and South America. Here, we describe an SME-4-producing Serratia marcescens (SME-Sm) clinical isolate from Argentina and compare its genome with other SME-Sm and Sm isolates recovered from public databases. Methods Sm isolates were characterized by WGS using Illumina technology, susceptibility testing and MIC determination. Carbapenemase activity was revealed by biochemical tests based on imipenem hydrolysis. A whole-genome phylogeny was estimated for all the Sm isolates retrieved from public databases with kSNP3 and a whole-genome phylogenetic analysis based on non-recombinant core SNPs was inferred for Sm complete genomes and for those encoding any blaSME variants. Results Sm163 was resistant to amoxicillin, temocillin, aztreonam and carbapenems, remaining susceptible to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. WGS analysis of Sm163 revealed a genome of 5139329 bp and a chromosomally encoded blaSME-4 carbapenemase gene located on a genomic island closely related to SmarGI1-1 of Sm N11-02820. Comparison of the Sm genomes revealed that the 14 SME-Sm isolates possess this genomic island inserted at the same loci, that 13/14 belong to clade 1 and that 11/14 form a well-defined subcluster of cluster I of Sm clade 1, while Sm163 belongs to clade 2, suggesting that an SME-encoding genomic island may have been transferred between isolates from different clades. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of an SME-4-encoding Sm from Argentina. The blaSME-4 gene is located on a SmarGI1-1-like genomic island. The genome of Sm163 belongs to clade 2, unlike all the other SME-Sm isolates, which belong to clade 1.
Published: 2019

37. Generic Magnetic Field Intensity Profiles of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections at Mercury, Venus, and Earth From Superposed Epoch Analyses

Author: Simon Good, Christian Möstl, E. Soubrié, Miho Janvier, Tanja Amerstorfer, Pascal Démoulin, Sergio Dasso, Noé Lugaz, Peter Boakes, Reka M. Winslow, Elise Bonhomme, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Helsinki, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio [Buenos Aires] (IAFE), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), and Department of Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ciencias Físicas, data analysis, HELICITY, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Physics - Space Physics, law, Coronal mass ejection, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Ejecta, coronal mass ejections, Physics, INSTRUMENT, PLASMA, biology, CLOUDS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], Magnetic field, CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS, Solar wind, Geophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics::Space Physics, SHOCK, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, PARTICLE, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, FOS: Physical sciences, Venus, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, PARAMETERS, Orbiter, DATA ANALYSIS, heliospheric physics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], 115 Astronomy, Space science, biology.organism_classification, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), MODEL, Astronomía, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS, MESSENGER, Interplanetary spaceflight, FLUX ROPES, Heliosphere
Abstract: We study interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) measured by probes at different heliocentric distances (0.3-1AU) to investigate the propagation of ICMEs in the inner heliosphere and determine how the generic features of ICMEs change with heliospheric distance. Using data from the MESSENGER, Venus Express and ACE spacecraft, we analyze with the superposed epoch technique the profiles of ICME substructures, namely the sheath and the magnetic ejecta. We determine that the median magnetic field magnitude in the sheath correlates well with ICME speeds at 1 AU and we use this proxy to order the ICMEs at all spacecraft. We then investigate the typical ICME profiles for three categories equivalent to slow, intermediate and fast ICMEs. Contrary to fast ICMEs, slow ICMEs have a weaker solar wind field at the front and a more symmetric magnetic field profile. We find the asymmetry to be less pronounced at Earth than at Mercury, indicating a relaxation taking place as ICMEs propagate. We also find that the magnetic field intensities in the wake region of the ICMEs do not go back to the pre-ICME solar wind intensities, suggesting that the effects of ICMEs on the ambient solar wind last longer than the duration of the transient event. Such results provide an indication of physical processes that need to be reproduced by numerical simulations of ICME propagation. The samples studied here will be greatly improved by future missions dedicated to the exploration of the inner heliosphere, such as Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter., Comment: 63 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research - Space physics
Published: 2019

38. Insights into Second-Sphere Effects on Redox Potentials, Spectroscopic Properties, and Superoxide Dismutase Activity of Manganese Complexes with Schiff-Base Ligands

Author: Christelle Hureau, Joaquín Ferreyra, Fabio Doctorovich, Ana Foi, Micaela Richezzi, Claudia Palopoli, Elodie Anxolabéhère-Mallart, Amandine Conte-Daban, Sandra Signorella, Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas [Rosario] (FBIOyF), Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe]-Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe], Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física (DQIAQF), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire (LEM (UMR_7591)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National University of Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientifícas y Técnicas (CONICET, PIP 0337), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, PICS 07121), CONICET/CNRS bilateral agreement (Res. 991/13), Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation of Santa Fe (ASACTeI, IO 2010-164-16), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: General Chemical Engineering, SECOND-SPHERE EFFECTS, chemistry.chemical_element, Manganese, MANGANESE COMPLEXES, Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Medicinal chemistry, Redox, Article, law.invention, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], lcsh:Chemistry, Superoxide dismutase, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nucleophile, law, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.4 [https], [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Schiff base, biology, SCHIFF-BASE LIGANDS, 010405 organic chemistry, SOD MIMICS, Ciencias Químicas, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, 13. Climate action, visual_art, Nitro, biology.protein, visual_art.visual_art_medium, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract: Six Mn-Schiff base complexes, [Mn(X-salpn)]0/+ (salpn = 1,3-bis(sal-ic-ylidenamino)propane, X = H [1], 5-Cl [2], 2,5-F2 [3], 3,5-Cl2 [4], 5-NO2 [5], 3,5-(NO2)2 [6]), were synthesized and characterized in solution, and second-sphere effects on their electrochemical and spectroscopic properties were analyzed. The six complexes catalyze the dismutation of superoxide with catalytic rate constants in the range 0.65 to 1.54 × 106 M–1 s–1 obtained through the nitro blue tetrazolium photoreduction inhibition superoxide dismutases assay, in aqueous medium of pH 7.8. In solution, these compounds possess two labile solvent molecules in the axial positions favoring coordination of the highly nucleophilic O2•– to the metal center. Even complex 5, [Mn(5-(NO2)salpn) (OAc) (H2O)], with an axial acetate in the solid state, behaves as a 1:1 electrolyte in methanolic solution. Electron paramagnetic resonance and UV–vis monitoring of the reaction of [Mn(X-salpn)]0/+ with KO2 demonstrates that in diluted solutions these complexes behave as catalysts supporting several additions of excess O2•–, but at high complex concentrations (≥0.75 mM) catalyst self-inhibition occurs by the formation of a catalytically inactive dimer. The correlation of spectroscopic, electrochemical, and kinetics data suggest that second-sphere effects control the oxidation states of Mn involved in the O2•– dismutation cycle catalyzed by complexes 1–6 and modulate the strength of the Mn-substrate adduct for electron-transfer through an inner-sphere mechanism. Fil: Palopoli, Claudia Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina Fil: Ferreyra, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina Fil: Conte Daban, Amandine. Université Paul Sabatier; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Richezzi, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Argentina Fil: Foi, Maria Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Doctorovich, Fabio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Anxolabéhère, Elodie. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7; Francia Fil: Hureau, Christelle. Université Paul Sabatier; Francia Fil: Signorella, Sandra Rosanna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina
Published: 2019

39. Optimization of sensors based on encapsulated algae for pesticide detection in water

Author: Sophie Dulhoste, Víctor Oestreicher, Matías Jobbágy, Sara A. Bilmes, Antoine Gosset, Claude Durrieu, Rémy Bayard, Mercedes Perullini, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía [Buenos Aires] (INQUIMAE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions (DEEP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: General Chemical Engineering, Chlorella vulgaris, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Algae, Atrazine, Detection limit, biology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Chemistry, Silica gel, 010401 analytical chemistry, General Engineering, Pesticide, Contamination, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0210 nano-technology, Biosensor
Abstract: International audience; Pesticides represent a significant source of contamination for urban and suburban surface, ground and seawaters. Whole-cell algal biosensors are sensitive, cheap and adaptable early-warning systems, which are capable of detecting pesticides both in situ and continuously in discharges and receiving ecosystems. Here we designed and optimized a new biosensor with a microalgae immobilization method based on double encapsulation in alginate beads/silica gel, which has been proven safe for algae in previous studies. Pesticide detection was assessed by chlorophyll fluorescence disturbance using the two algae strains Chlorella vulgaris and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Three pesticides (diuron, atrazine and isoproturon) were used to optimize and assess the sensor's performance. The first step was to select the optimal silica hydrogel (based on porosity and optical properties) to design the sensor. Two parameters were adjusted to obtain the best contact between microalgae and pesticides, optimizing pesticide detection: algal concentrations in the alginate beads and thickness of the silica gel around the algal beads. Finally, the biosensor's performance was assessed with pesticide solutions and the lowest detection limit was obtained with C. vulgaris exposed to diuron (10 μg L−1)
Published: 2019

40. Collagen-silica nanocomposites as dermal dressings preventing infection in vivo

Author: Corinne Illoul, Roxana Noemi Peroni, Andrea Mathilde Mebert, Martín F. Desimone, Christophe Hélary, Gisela Solange Alvarez, Thibaud Coradin, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco [Buenos Aires] (IQUIMEFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica [Buenos Aires] (FFYB), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Matériaux et Biologie (LCMCP-MATBIO), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Bioengineering, INGENIERÍAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, NANOCOMPOSITE, 01 natural sciences, Collagen Type I, Nanocomposites, Biomaterials, In vivo, ANTIBACTERIAL, Animals, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, SILICA, DUAL DELIVERY, Nanotecnología, GENTAMICIN, Hydrogels, Nano-materiales, Silicon Dioxide, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Bandages, Wound infection, Molecular biology, COLLAGEN, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Mechanics of Materials, Delayed-Action Preparations, Self-healing hydrogels, Wound Infection, Dual delivery, Rabbits, RIFAMYCIN, Gentamicins, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The controlled delivery of multiple drugs from biomaterials is a timely challenge. In particular the nanocomposite approach offers a unique opportunity to combine the scaffold-forming ability and biocompatibility of hydrogels with the versatile and tunable drug release properties of micro- or nano-carriers. Here, we show that collagen-silica nanocomposites allowing for the prolonged release of two topical antibiotics are promising medicated dressings to prevent infection in wounds. For this purpose, core–shell silica particles loaded with gentamicin sulfate and sodium rifamycin were combined with concentrated collagen type I hydrogels. A dense fibrillar network of collagen exhibiting its typical periodic banding pattern and a homogenous particle distribution were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Antibiotics release from nanocomposites allowed a sustained antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus over 10 days in vitro. The acute dermal irritation test performed on albino rabbit skin showed no sign of severe inflammation. The antibacterial efficiency of nanocomposites was evaluated in vivo in a model of cutaneous infection, showing a 2 log steps decrease in bacterial population when loaded systems were used. In parallel, the histological examination indicated the absence of M1 inflammatory macrophages in the wound bed after treatment. Taken together, these results illustrate the potentialities of the nanocomposite approach to develop collagen-based biomaterials with controlled dual drug delivery to prevent infection and promote cutaneous wound repair. Fil: Mebert, Andrea Mathilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco; Argentina Fil: Alvarez, Gisela Solange. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco; Argentina Fil: Peroni, Roxana Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas; Argentina Fil: Illoul, Corinne. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Hélary, Christophe. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Coradin, Thibaud. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Desimone, Martín Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco; Argentina
Published: 2018

41. Machine learning-based uncertainty quantification for data assimilation: a simple model experiment

Author: Maximiliano Sacco, Juan Ruiz, Manuel Pulido, Yicun Zhen, Pierre Tandeo, Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Département Mathematical and Electrical Engineering (IMT Atlantique - MEE), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Equipe Observations Signal & Environnement (Lab-STICC_OSE), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Universidad Nacional del Nordeste [Corrientes] (UNNE)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Data assimilation, Simple (abstract algebra), business.industry, Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Uncertainty quantification, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, business, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Quantifying forecast uncertainty is a key aspect of state-of-the-art data assimilation systems which has a large impact on the quality of the analysis and then the following forecast. In recent years, most operational data assimilation systems incorporate state-dependent uncertainty quantification approaches based on 4-dimensional variational approaches, ensemble-based approaches, or their combination. However, these quantifications of state-dependent uncertainties have a large computational cost. Machine learning techniques consist of trainable statistical models that can represent complex functional dependencies among different groups of variables. In this work, we use a fully connected two hidden layer neural network for the state-dependent quantification of forecast uncertainty in the context of data assimilation. The input to the network is a set of three consecutive forecasted states centered at the desired lead time and the network’s output is a corrected forecasted state and an estimation of its uncertainty. We train the network using a loss function based on the observation likelihood and a large database of forecasts and their corresponding analysis. We perform observing system simulation experiments using the Lorenz 96 model as a proof-of-concept and for an evaluation of the technique in comparison with classic ensemble-based approaches. Results show that our approach can produce state-dependent estimations of the forecast uncertainty without the need for an ensemble of states (at a much lower computational cost), particularly in the presence of model errors. This opens opportunities for the development of a new type of hybrid data assimilation system combining the capabilities of machine learning and ensembles.
Published: 2021

42. Photofragmentation and electron detachment of aromatic phosphonate, sulfonate and phosphate oxyanions

Author: Claude Dedonder, Jennifer A. Noble, Eric Gloaguen, Ernesto Marceca, Isaure Carvin, Christophe Jouvet, Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía [Buenos Aires] (INQUIMAE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE05-0005,WSPLIT,Dissociation photo induite de l'eau par chromophores organiques(2017), and ANR-16-CE29-0017,IONPAIRS,Spectroscopie de paires d'ions isolées et microsolvatées(2016)
Subjects: Radical, Ionic bonding, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dipole, Sulfonate, chemistry, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Excited state, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Ion trap, Physics::Atomic Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Physics::Chemical Physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The photodetachment energy threshold, as well as vibrationally-resolved spectral signatures of the lower lying excited states and dipole bound states in model aromatic phosphonate, sulfonate and phosphate oxyanions have been investigated using a photofragmentation spectrometer equipped with a cold ion trap. The effect of the laser excitation was monitored by mass-selective detection of product ion fragments or, alternatively, measuring the yield of the complementary neutral radicals discriminated according to their kinetic energy. The anions phenylphosphate, phenylsulfonate and p-toluenesulfonate evidenced the expected behaviour, characterised by the predominance of ionic fragmentation processes, at low energies, rapidly evolving to a scenario controlled by the electron photodetachment channel at higher energies. Surprisingly for such a similar system, the phenylphosphonate anion does not have any ionic fragmentation channels and only exhibits the presence of dipole bound states.
Published: 2021

43. Validated MAGIC and GWAS population mapping reveals the link between vitamin E content and natural variation in chorismate metabolism in tomato

Author: Christopher Sauvage, Michel Matringe, Luisa Bermúdez, Thomas Guiraud, Luis Alejandro de Haro, Christophe Rothan, Maria Belen De Luca, Elise Albert, Isabelle Atienza, Alisdair R. Fernie, Claire Brehelin, Jean Philipppe Mauxion, Adriano Nunes Nesi, Carine Ferrand, Ramón Asis, Leandro Quadrana, Zhao Jian Tao, Fernando Carrari, Estanislao Burgos, Pierre Baldet, Mathilde Causse, Joana Jorly, Isidore Diouf, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias [Buenos Aires] (IFIBYNE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Michigan State University System, Syngenta France, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología [Córdoba] (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas [Córdoba], Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina]-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max-Planck-Institut, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grants from ANPCyT Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina. (2014-0984 and 2017-1907), European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (679796), MINCYT-ECOS projects (A11B01 and A14B03), Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Facultad de Agronomía [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), Light Photosynthesis & Metabolism (Photosynthesis), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Chorismic Acid, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, tocotrieno, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], chemistry.chemical_compound, Solanum lycopersicum, TOMATO FRUIT, Vitamin E, Tocopherol, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, education.field_of_study, biology, Structural gene, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Plants, Genetically Modified, tocopherol, TOCOPHEROL, Tocotrienol, Genetic Engineering, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Transgene, Population, Quantitative trait locus, Genes, Plant, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, TOCOTRIENOL, 03 medical and health sciences, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], education, lvitamin E, fungi, Genetic Variation, Cell Biology, SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM, biology.organism_classification, VITAMIN E, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Genetic Loci, Fruit, Tyrosine, Solanum, Genome-Wide Association Study, 010606 plant biology & botany, tomato fruit
Abstract: Tocochromanols constitute the different forms of vitamin E (VTE), essential components of the human diet, and display a high membrane protectant activity. By combining interval mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we unveiled the genetic determinants of tocochromanol accumulation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. To enhance the nutritional value of this highly consumed vegetable, we dissected the natural intraspecific variability of tocochromanols in tomato fruits and genetically engineered their biosynthetic pathway. These analyses allowed the identification of a total of 25 quantitative trait loci interspersed across the genome pinpointing the chorismate–tyrosine pathway as a regulatory hub controlling the supply of the aromatic head group for tocochromanol biosynthesis. To validate the link between the chorismate–tyrosine pathway and VTE, we engineered tomato plants to bypass the pathway at the arogenate branch point. Transgenic tomatoes showed moderate increments in tocopherols (up to approximately 20%) and a massive accumulation of tocotrienols (up to approximately 3400%). Gene expression analyses of these plants reveal a trade-off between VTE and natural variation in chorismate metabolism explained by transcriptional reprogramming of specific structural genes of the pathway. By restoring the accumulation of alpha-tocotrienols (α-t3) in fruits, the plants produced here are of high pharmacological and nutritional interest. Fil: Burgos, Estanislao. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: de Luca, Maria Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: Diouf, Isidore. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: de Haro, Luis Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: Albert, Elise. Michigan State University; Estados Unidos. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Sauvage, Christopher. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; . Syngenta France SAS; Francia Fil: Tao, Zhao J.. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Bermudez Salazar, Luisa Fernanda. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Asís, Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina Fil: Nesi, Adriano N.. Universidade Federal de Viçosa.; Brasil Fil: Matringe, Michel. Universite Joseph Fourier; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Bréhélin, Claire. Universite Joseph Fourier; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Guiraud, Thomas. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Ferrand, Carine. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Atienza, Isabelle. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Jorly, Joana. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Mauxion, Jean P.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Baldet, Pierre. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; . Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Fernie, Alisdair R.. Institut Max Planck fur Molekulare Physiologie; Alemania Fil: Quadrana, Leandro. Inserm; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Rothan, Christophe. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Causse, Mathilde. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Carrari, Fernando Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina
Published: 2021

44. A theory of memory for binary sequences: Evidence for a mental compression algorithm in humans

Author: Planton, Samuel, van Kerkoerle, Timo, Abbih, Leïla, Maheu, Maxime, Meyniel, Florent, Sigman, Mariano, Wang, Liping, Figueira, Santiago, Romano, Sergio, Dehaene, Stanislas, Neuroimagerie cognitive - Psychologie cognitive expérimentale (UNICOG-U992), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), Université de Paris (UP), Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Departamento de Computación [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Chaire Psychologie cognitive expérimentale, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), European Project: 269505,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-AdG_20100407,NEUROSYNTAX(2011), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Collège de France - Chaire Psychologie cognitive expérimentale
Subjects: Adult, Computer and Information Sciences, Vision, QH301-705.5, Cognitive Neuroscience, Information Theory, Social Sciences, Models, Psychological, Human Learning, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Learning and Memory, Cognition, Memory, Psychology, Learning, Humans, Syntax, Working Memory, Biology (General), Language, Language Acquisition, Grammar, Models, Statistical, Cognitive Psychology, Biology and Life Sciences, Computational Biology, Linguistics, Data Compression, Memory, Short-Term, Kolmogorov Complexity, Cognitive Science, Perception, Sensory Perception, Algorithms, Research Article, Neuroscience
Abstract: Working memory capacity can be improved by recoding the memorized information in a condensed form. Here, we tested the theory that human adults encode binary sequences of stimuli in memory using an abstract internal language and a recursive compression algorithm. The theory predicts that the psychological complexity of a given sequence should be proportional to the length of its shortest description in the proposed language, which can capture any nested pattern of repetitions and alternations using a limited number of instructions. Five experiments examine the capacity of the theory to predict human adults’ memory for a variety of auditory and visual sequences. We probed memory using a sequence violation paradigm in which participants attempted to detect occasional violations in an otherwise fixed sequence. Both subjective complexity ratings and objective violation detection performance were well predicted by our theoretical measure of complexity, which simply reflects a weighted sum of the number of elementary instructions and digits in the shortest formula that captures the sequence in our language. While a simpler transition probability model, when tested as a single predictor in the statistical analyses, accounted for significant variance in the data, the goodness-of-fit with the data significantly improved when the language-based complexity measure was included in the statistical model, while the variance explained by the transition probability model largely decreased. Model comparison also showed that shortest description length in a recursive language provides a better fit than six alternative previously proposed models of sequence encoding. The data support the hypothesis that, beyond the extraction of statistical knowledge, human sequence coding relies on an internal compression using language-like nested structures., Author summary Sequence processing, the ability to memorize and retrieve temporally ordered series of elements, is central to many human activities, especially language and music. Although statistical learning (the learning of the transitions between items) is a powerful way to detect and exploit regularities in sequences, humans also detect more abstract regularities that capture the multi-scale repetitions that occur, for instance, in many musical melodies. Here we test the hypothesis that humans memorize sequences using an additional and possibly uniquely human capacity to represent sequences as a nested hierarchy of smaller chunks embedded into bigger chunks, using language-like recursive structures. For simplicity, we apply this idea to the simplest possible music-like sequences, i.e. binary sequences made of two notes A and B. We first make our assumption more precise by proposing a recursive compression algorithm for such sequences, akin to a “language of thought” with a very small number of simple primitive operations (e.g. “for” loops). We then test whether our theory can predict the fluctuations in the human memory for various binary sequences Using a violation detection task, across many experiments with auditory and visual sequences of different lengths, we find that sequence complexity, defined as the shortest description length in the proposed formal language, correlates well with performance, even when statistical learning is taken into account, and performs better than other measures of sequence complexity proposed in the past. Our results therefore suggest that human individuals spontaneously use a recursive internal compression mechanism to process sequences.
Published: 2021

45. Overview of the CLEF eHealth Evaluation Lab 2021

Author: Rishabh Upadhyay, Nicola Brew-Sam, Jorge Vivaldi, Marco Viviani, Viviana Cotik, Hanna Suominen, Elias Bassani, Roland Roller, Chenchen Xu, Gabriela Nicole González-Sáez, Darío Filippo, Philippe Mulhem, Liadh Kelly, Gabriella Pasi, Lorraine Goeuriot, Franco M. Luque, Laura Alonso Alemany, Sandaru Seneviratne, Candan, KS, Ionescu, B, Goeuriot, L, Larsen, B, Müller, H, Joly, A, Maistro, M, Piroi, F, Faggioli, G, Ferro, N, Suominen, H, Kelly, L, Alemany, L, Bassani, E, Brew-Sam, N, Cotik, V, Filippo, D, González-Sáez, G, Luque, F, Mulhem, P, Pasi, G, Roller, R, Seneviratne, S, Upadhyay, R, Vivaldi, J, Viviani, M, Xu, C, Australian National University (ANU), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Turku, Modélisation et Recherche d’Information Multimédia [Grenoble] (MRIM ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Computer Science Department [Maynooth], National University of Ireland Maynooth (Maynooth University), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Consorzio per il Trasferimento Tecnologico (C2T), Departamento de Computación [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), CONICET / IICE-UBA, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación [Buenos Aires] (ICC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Modélisation et Recherche d’Information Multimédia [Grenoble] (MRIM), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz GmbH = German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), and ANR-19-CE23-0029,Kodicare,Variations de l'environnement d'évaluation : caractérisation du delta et impact sur l'évolution continue des systèmes de recherche d'information(2019)
Subjects: Ninth, Text segmentation, Information extraction, Computer science, Self-diagnosi, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Health informatics, Task (project management), World Wide Web, Health record, Entity linking, Resource (project management), 020204 information systems, Health care, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, eHealth, Information retrieval, Test-set generation, Medical informatic, Evaluation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Clef, 3. Good health, [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], Text classification, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, computer
Abstract: In this paper, we provide an overview of the ninth annual edition of the CLEF eHealth evaluation lab. CLEF eHealth 2021 continues our evaluation resource building efforts around the easing and support of patients, their next-of-kins, health care professionals, and health scientists in understanding, accessing, and authoring electronic health information in a multilingual setting. The 2021 lab offered two tasks: Task 1 on multilingual Information Extraction (IE), this year extending to a corpus of Spanish radiology reports; and Task 2 on Consumer Health Search (CHS) that builds on the previous year’s Information Retrieval (IR) tasks. In total, 11 teams took part in these tasks (7 in Task 1 on IE and 4 in Task 2 on IR). Herein, we describe the resources created for these tasks and the evaluation methodology adopted, and we provide a brief summary of the participants of this year’s challenges as well as the results obtained. As in previous years, the organizers have made data, tools, and more specific overview papers associated with the lab tasks available for future research and development.
Published: 2021

46. Effect of bacterial nanocellulose on the fresh and hardened states of oil well

Author: Juan Cruz Barría, Jean-Michel Pereira, Diego Manzanal, Analía Vázquez, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER UMR 8205), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería 'Hilario Fernández Long' [Buenos Aires] (INTECIN), Facultad de Ingeniería [Buenos Aires] (FIUBA), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)
Subjects: Thermal Analysis, Cementing, Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nanocellulose, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mechanical Performance, 020401 chemical engineering, Rheology, Ultimate tensile strength, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0204 chemical engineering, Composite material, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cement, Calcium hydroxide, [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, Dynamic mechanical analysis, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 6. Clean water, Fuel Technology, Compressive strength, chemistry, Bacterial Nanocellulose, Slurry
Abstract: International audience; The evaluation of oil well cement additives is determined by the influence on the rheological and mechanical properties of the slurry. The use of nanoadditives for cement, such as bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), has been increasing in recent years due to their high tensile strength, high Young ’s modulus, and thermal resistance. However, the influence of BNC addition on the mechanical properties of the cement is not widely studied. The purpose of this work is to understandthe effects caused by the addition of BNC in class G cementduring the fresh and hardened states. Free fluid and high-pressure consistometry tests have been carried out in the fresh state. In the hardened state, dynamic thermomechanical analyses (DMA) and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests have been performed. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to determine the calcium hydroxide content and the hydration degree (DOH). Results indicate that BNC modifies the slurry behavior by reducing the free fluid content and by incrementing consistency. Moreover, the calcium hydroxide content and DOH increase with the addition of BNC. The mechanical properties of BNC-cement samples are increased in terms of storage modulus and mechanical strength. These properties can improve the performance of cement used in cementing operations.
Published: 2021

47. Seismotectonic implications of the south chile ridge subduction beneath the patagonian andes

Author: Christian Sue, Vanesa Barberon, Rodrigo Javier Suárez, Matías C. Ghiglione, Benjamin Guillaume, Miguel E. Ramos, Joseph Martinod, Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber' (INDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Argentinian-French ECOS-SUD A15U02, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Subduction, Ridge (meteorology), Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The South Chile ridge (SCR) intersects the Patagonian trench around 46° 09’S, forming the triple junction among the Antarctic, Nazca, and South America plates. Subduction of the SCR since ~18 Ma produced the opening of a slab window beneath Patagonia and a noticeable magmatic gap in the cordillera, profuse volcanism, and topographic uplift in the retroarc. To study seismicity distribution and present‐day stress resulting from this particular framework, we analyze databases of seismic events and earthquake focal mechanisms. Our study finds that clusters of intraplate crustal seismic events are disrupted by a ~450‐470 km seismicity gap above the slab window. Calculated stress tensors depict a strike‐slip tectonic regime north of the triple junction, and ~W‐E compression to the south of the seismic gap. We propose that the seismotectonic behavior of the upper plate is disturbed at the first order by the trench‐ridge intersection, leading to a heterogeneous stress field.
Published: 2021

48. La fauna de mamíferos de Lacayani (Bolivia)

Author: Pujos, François, Pérez, María Encarnación, Abello, M. Alejandra, Andrade Flores, Rubén, Billet, Guillaume, Boscaini, Alberto, Candela, Adriana, Fernández‐Monescillo, Marcos, Mamani Quispe, Bernardino, MARIVAUX, Laurent, Pujos, Michel, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Münch, Philippe, MARIVAUX, Laurent, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio [Chubut] (MEF), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Museo de La Plata, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo [La Plata] (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, CESTAS, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Proyecto subsidiado por: PICT 2010-1805, MINCyT-ECOS A14U01, NGS 9971-16 y EC-44712R-18, Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; Las faunas de mamíferos continentales provenientes del Paleógeno de América del Sur son relativamente escasas,especialmente en las zonas tropicales e intertropicales. En Bolivia la localidad fosilífera de Lacayani, cercana a la ciudad deLa Paz y a 50 km al NE del yacimiento de Salla, fue descubierta en 1969 por geólogos de Francia y Bolivia. A partir de unostreinta especímenes, Hoffstetter y colegas presentaron en 1971 una lista faunística preliminar para Lacayani, identificandonueve mamíferos: Borhyaenidae (esparasodonte), cf. Prozaedyus (armadillo), Glyptatelus (gliptodonte), “orofodóntido”(perezoso), cf. Scatomys y Eocardiidae (roedores), cf. Coniopternum (litopterno), Trachytherus cf. spegazzinianus yProhegetotherium (notoungulados). Sobre la base de esta asociación, los autores dedujeron que la fauna de Lacayani eracontemporánea a la de Salla (Deseadense). En 1989, Vucetich revisó los roedores publicados y los reasignó como Eoviscacciaboliviana y Cephalomyidae indet. En 2008, Billet y colaboradores indicaron que el mesotérido Trachytherus spegazzinianus,presente en Lacayani, era distinto de la especie registrada en Salla (T. alloxus). Recientemente se realizaron tres campañasdurante las cuales se recolectaron nuevos materiales, en su mayoría escasos y fragmentarios. El yacimiento, que seencuentra en las afueras del pueblo de Lacayani, tiene una extensión de algunos cientos de metros cuadrados. El úniconivel fosilífero está constituido por limos finos, arcillosos y rojos con una toba intercalada en su centro. Los especímenesse hallaron in situ y en superficie. La revisión de los nuevos materiales y aquellos depositados en París permitieron identificarmás de 400 especímenes. Los roedores constituyen más de la mitad de los ejemplares y están representados por cuatrochinchilloideos: Eoviscaccia boliviana (la más abundante), E. cf. autralis, posiblemente Eoviscaccia sp. nov. y Cephalomyopsissp.; y un octodontoideo representado por un premolar superior generalizado. Los ungulados son menos abundantes (15%de los especímenes) con tres notoungulados: el mesotérido Trachytherus spegazzinianus (el más común), Pachyrukhinaeindet. (Hegetotheriidae) y cf. Adinotherium (Toxodontidae); y el macrauquénido Coniopternum (Litopterna). Los dos únicosrestos de metaterios pertenecen a distintos géneros de Hathliacynidae. Los xenartros (20% de los especímenes) estánprincipalmente representados por cingulados y un perezoso milodóntido estrechamente relacionado con Octodontotherium.Los xenartros acorazados están representados por numerosos restos de los Dasypodidae eufractinos Isutatetus sp. nov. yAmblytatus sp. nov., placas aisladas del gliptodóntido Glyptatelus y un único resto asignable probablemente a un paleopéltido.Un ave catártido completa la fauna de vertebrados. La localidad de Lacayani tiene una importancia fundamental para elconocimiento de la evolución de los mamíferos en América del Sur por su posición geográfica en el centro del continente,por su proximidad con la localidad de Salla y por probablemente llenar un hiato entre las faunas deseadenses ycolhuehuapenses. Por el momento la fauna de Lacayani indica los siguientes resultados preliminares: i) se reconocen 16especies de mamíferos, ii) únicamente cuatro taxones están presentes también en Salla, iii) ocho taxones sonexclusivamente paleógenos, dos neógenos y cuatro serían autóctonos. Finalmente, dataciones basadas en feldespatosprovenientes de la toba intercalada dentro del nivel fosilífero sugieren una edad más joven que en Salla.
Published: 2021

49. A Survey of Stability Results for Redundancy Systems

Author: Anton, Elene, Ayesta, Urtzi, Jonckheere, Matthieu, Verloop, Ina Maria, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Cálculo [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), and Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], redundancy, load balancing, stability
Abstract: International audience; Redundancy mechanisms consist in sending several copies of a same job to a subset of servers. It constitutes one of the most promising ways to exploit diversity in multiservers applications. However, its pros and cons are still not sufficiently understood in the context of realistic models with generic statistical properties of service-times distributions and correlation structures of copies. We aim at giving a survey of recent results concerning the stability-arguably the first benchmark of performance-of systems with cancel-oncompletion redundancy. We also point out open questions and conjectures.
Published: 2021

50. The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale resolution, part I: evaluation of precipitation

Author: Erika Coppola, Lidija Srnec, David Leutwyler, Volker Wulfmeyer, Thomas Frisius, Klaus Keuler, Josipa Milovac, Stefan Sobolowski, Paola Mercogliano, Merja Tölle, Pedro M. M. Soares, Paolo Stocchi, Heimo Truhetz, Torge Lorenz, Jesus Vergara-Temprado, Klaus Goergen, Alvaro Lavin-Gullon, Jesús Fernández, Antoinette Alias, Erwan Brisson, Ségolène Berthou, Geert Lenderink, Ole Bøssing Christensen, Øivind Hodnebrog, Ivonne Anders, Jan Erik Haugen, Filippo Giorgi, Lluis Fita, Goran Gašparac, Danijel Belušić, Kirsten Warrach-Sagi, Marianna Adinolfi, Cécile Caillaud, Rita M. Cardoso, Hylke de Vries, Armelle Reca Remedio, Sophie Bastin, Steven Chan, Stergios Kartsios, Nikolina Ban, Hans-Jürgen Panitz, Elizabeth J. Kendon, Eleni Katragkou, Douglas Maraun, Birthe Marie Rødssæteren Steensen, Bodo Ahrens, Mario Raffa, Mar Janne Zander, Christoph Schär, Emanuela Pichelli, Department of Atmospheric and Cryosphere Sciences [Innsbruck] (ACINN), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics [Trieste] (ICTP), Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), REgional Model and geo-Hydrological Impacts (REMHI), Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Frankfurt/Main] (IAU), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum [Hamburg] (DKRZ), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Newcastle University [Newcastle], Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Santander Meteorology Group, Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]-Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Climate Service Center [Hambourg] (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), Croatia Control Ltd., Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Centre for High-Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems (HPSC TerrSys), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Department of Meteorology and Climatology [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Brandenburg University of Technology [Cottbus – Senftenberg] (BTU), Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC), University of Graz, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service (DHMZ), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Center for Environmental Systems Research [Kassel] (CESR), Universität Kassel [Kassel], Institute of Physics and Meteorology [Stuttgart] (IPM), University of Hohenheim, Department of Environmental Sciences [Wageningen], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad de Cantabria, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, University of Innsbruck, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]
Subjects: Convection, Kilometer-scale resolution, Atmospheric Science, Climate Research, Scale (ratio), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0207 environmental engineering, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, Precipitation, Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management, 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, Kilometer, ddc:550, 020701 environmental engineering, health care economics and organizations, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, regional climate models, multi-model ensemble, high-resolution, precipitation, convection, WIMEK, Multi-model ensemble simulations, Resolution (electron density), Regional climate models, Summer season, Earth sciences, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, Environmental science, Climate model, Scale (map), Intensity (heat transfer), Hydrologie en Kwantitatief Waterbeheer
Abstract: N. Ban et al., Here we present the first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale horizontal grid spacing over a decade long period. A total of 23 simulations run with a horizontal grid spacing of ∼3 km, driven by ERA-Interim reanalysis, and performed by 22 European research groups are analysed. Six different regional climate models (RCMs) are represented in the ensemble. The simulations are compared against available high-resolution precipitation observations and coarse resolution (∼ 12 km) RCMs with parameterized convection. The model simulations and observations are compared with respect to mean precipitation, precipitation intensity and frequency, and heavy precipitation on daily and hourly timescales in different seasons. The results show that kilometer-scale models produce a more realistic representation of precipitation than the coarse resolution RCMs. The most significant improvements are found for heavy precipitation and precipitation frequency on both daily and hourly time scales in the summer season. In general, kilometer-scale models tend to produce more intense precipitation and reduced wet-hour frequency compared to coarse resolution models. On average, the multi-model mean shows a reduction of bias from ∼ −40% at 12 km to ∼ −3% at 3 km for heavy hourly precipitation in summer. Furthermore, the uncertainty ranges i.e. the variability between the models for wet hour frequency is reduced by half with the use of kilometer-scale models. Although differences between the model simulations at the kilometer-scale and observations still exist, it is evident that these simulations are superior to the coarse-resolution RCM simulations in the representing precipitation in the present-day climate, and thus offer a promising way forward for investigations of climate and climate change at local to regional scales., Open access funding provided by University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck., The ETH team, MZ, CNRM IPSL, ICTP, SMHI, Met-Office, DMI, CMCC, HZG, KNMI acknowledge funding from the HORIZON 2020 EUCP (European Climate Prediction System) project (https://www.eucp-project.eu, grant agreement No. 776613). AL-G acknowledges support by the Spanish government through grant BES-2016-078158 and MINECO/FEDER co-funded project MULTI-SDM (CGL2015-66583-R).
Published: 2021

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