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1. Biotic and abiotic variables influencing plant litter breakdown in streams: a global study

Author

Verónica Ferreira, Catherine M. Pringle, Markos A. Alexandrou, Jude M. Mathooko, Andrea C. Encalada, Lavenia Ratnarajah, Bradley J. Cardinale, Andrew J. Boulton, Ricardo Figueroa, José Rincón, Javier Pérez, Tomoya Iwata, Marcelo S. Moretti, Richard G. Pearson, Catherine M. Yule, Charles M'Erimba, Luz Boyero, Tajang Jinggut, Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam, Eric Chauvet, Marcos Callisto, Andreas Bruder, Catherine Mathuriau, Julie E. Helson, Alonso Ramírez, David Dudgeon, Leon A. Barmuta, José F. Gonçalves, Russell G. Death, Alexander S. Flecker, Ricardo J. Albariño, Cang Hui, Mark O. Gessner, Manuel A. S. Graça, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, James Cook University (JCU), Stellenbosch University, African Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Manonmaniam Sundaranar university (INDIA), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), University of New England (UNE), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], Cornell University [New York], Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), University of Toronto, Yamanashi University, Monash University [Malaysia], Egerton University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Universidad Vila Velha - UVV (BRAZIL), University of Georgia [USA], University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Universidad del Zulia (LUZ), Universidad del Azuay (UDA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Universidade de Coimbra (PORTUGAL), Cornell University (USA), University of Hong Kong - HKU (CHINA), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei - IGB (GERMANY), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), James Cook University - JCU (AUSTRALIA), Massey University (NEW ZEALAND), Monash University (MALAYSIA), Technische Universität Berlin - TU Berlin (GERMANY), Universidad de Concepción - UDEC (CHILE), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - UNAM (MEXICO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Universidad del País Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), University of Toronto (CANADA), University of Yamanashi (JAPAN), African Institute for Mathematical Sciences - AIMS (SOUTH AFRICA), Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology - EAWAG (SWITZERLAND), Egerton university (KENYA), Stellenbosch University - SU (SOUTH AFRICA), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich - ETHZ (SWITZERLAND), Universidade de Brasília - UnB (BRAZIL), Universidad del Azuay - UDA (ECUADOR), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG (BRAZIL), University of Georgia - UGA (USA), University of Michigan - U-M (USA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (ARGENTINA), University of New England - UNE (AUSTRALIA), Universidad de Puerto Rico - UPR (PUERTO RICO), Universidad San Francisco de Quito - USFQ (ECUADOR), University of Tasmania (AUSTRALIA), Universidad del Zulia - LUZ (VENEZUELA), University of California - UC Santa Barbara (USA), Universidade Vila Velha - UVV (BRAZIL), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (EQUATEUR), Universidad de Concepción [Chile], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Litter quality, Climate, Detritivore shredders, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, Alder, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Carbon Cycle, Rivers, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Research Articles, Phylogeny, General Environmental Science, Abiotic component, Ecologie, Environnement, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Decomposition, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Plant litter, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Plants, biology.organism_classification, Latitudinal gradient, Biota, Alnus glutinosa, Biodegradation, Environmental, 13. Climate action, Litter, Environmental science, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract

Plant litter breakdown is a key ecological process in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Streams and rivers, in particular, contribute substantially to global carbon fluxes. However, there is little information available on the relative roles of different drivers of plant litter breakdown in fresh waters, particularly at large scales. We present a global-scale study of litter breakdown in streams to compare the roles of biotic, climatic and other environmental factors on breakdown rates. We conducted an experiment in 24 streams encompassing latitudes from 47.8° N to 42.8° S, using litter mixtures of local species differing in quality and phylogenetic diversity (PD), and alder ( Alnus glutinosa ) to control for variation in litter traits. Our models revealed that breakdown of alder was driven by climate, with some influence of pH, whereas variation in breakdown of litter mixtures was explained mainly by litter quality and PD. Effects of litter quality and PD and stream pH were more positive at higher temperatures, indicating that different mechanisms may operate at different latitudes. These results reflect global variability caused by multiple factors, but unexplained variance points to the need for expanded global-scale comparisons.

Published
2016
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2. Latitudinal gradient of nestedness and its potential drivers in stream detritivores

Author

Luz Boyero, Eric Chauvet, Cang Hui, Christopher M. Swan, Marcos Callisto, José F. Gonçalves, Ana M. Chará-Serna, Andrea C. Encalada, Verónica Ferreira, Manuel A. S. Graça, Ricardo J. Albariño, Mark O. Gessner, Marcelo S. Moretti, Catherine M. Yule, Richard G. Pearson, David Dudgeon, Julie E. Helson, Brendan G. McKie, Aydeé Cornejo, Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam, Jude M. Mathooko, Julián Chará, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain, James Cook University (JCU), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Stellenbosch University, Laboratorio de Fotobiología (Bariloche, Argentina), Manonmaniam Sundaranar university (INDIA), Laboratorio de ecologia de Bentos (Belo Horizonte, Brazil), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Centro para la Investigacion en sistemas Sostenibles de Produccion Agropecuaria - CIPAV (COLOMBIA), Centro de investigaciones y estudios en biodiversidad y recursos geneticos - CIEBREG (COLOMBIA), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud [Panamá], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (EQUATEUR), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Laboratório de Limnologia (Brasilia, Brazil), University of Toronto, Egerton University, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos Aquáticos - LEIA (Vila Velha, Brazil), Monash University [Malaysia], Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Universidade de Coimbra (PORTUGAL), University of Hong Kong - HKU (CHINA), Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud - ICGES (PANAMA), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei - IGB (GERMANY), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), James Cook University - JCU (AUSTRALIA), Monash University (MALAYSIA), Technische Universität Berlin - TU Berlin (GERMANY), University of Maryland (USA), University of Toronto (CANADA), Centro para la investigaciòn en Sistemas Sostenibles de producciòn agropecuaria - CIPAV (COLOMBIA), Egerton university (KENYA), Stellenbosch University - SU (SOUTH AFRICA), Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet - SLU (SWEDEN), Universidade de Brasília - UnB (BRAZIL), University of British Columbia (CANADA), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG (BRAZIL), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (ARGENTINA), Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), Universidad San Francisco de Quito - USFQ (ECUADOR), Universidade Vila Velha - UVV (BRAZIL), Laboratorio de Ecologia de Bentos (Belo Horizonte, Brazil), and Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, media_common.quotation_subject, stream detritivores, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), Latitude, Ciencias Biológicas, Nestedness, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Invertebrate, media_common, Ecology, leaf litter dynamics, latitudinal gradients, Detritivore, 15. Life on land, Plant litter, Ecología, Latitudinal gradient, 010601 ecology, Taxon, spatial nestedness, Stream detritivores, Biological dispersal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, human activities, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Understanding what mechanisms shape the diversity and composition of biological assemblages across broad-scale gradients is central to ecology. Litter-consuming detritivorous invertebrates in streams show an unusual diversity gradient, with a-diversity increasing towards high latitudes but no trend in g-diversity. We hypothesized this pattern to be related to shifts in nestedness and several ecological processes shaping their assemblages (dispersal, environmental filtering and competition). We tested this hypothesis, using a global dataset, by examining latitudinal trends in nestedness and several indicators of the above processes along the latitudinal gradient. Our results suggest that strong environmental filtering and low dispersal in the tropics lead to often species-poor local detritivore assemblages, nested in richer regional assemblages. At higher latitudes, dispersal becomes stronger, disrupting the nested assemblage structure and resulting in local assemblages that are generally more species-rich and non-nested subsets of the regional species pools. Our results provide evidence that mechanisms underlying assemblage composition and diversity of stream litter-consuming detritivores shift across latitudes, and provide an explanation for their unusual pattern of increasing a-diversity with latitude. When we repeated these analyses for whole invertebrate assemblages of leaf litter and for abundant taxa showing reverse or no diversity gradients we found no latitudinal patterns, suggesting that function-based rather than taxon-based analyses of assemblages may help elucidate the mechanisms behind diversity gradients. Fil: Boyero, Luz. Universidad del Pais Vasco; España. Basque Foundation for Science; España. Doñana Biological Station; España Fil: Pearson, Richard G.. James Cook University; Australia Fil: Swan, Christopher M.. University of Maryland; Estados Unidos Fil: Hui, Cang. University of Stellenbosch; Sudáfrica. African Inst.itute for Mathematical Sciences; Sudáfrica Fil: Albariño, Ricardo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Arunachalam, Muthukumarasamy. Manonmainam Sundaranar University; India Fil: Callisto, Marcos. Universidade Federal do Minas Gerais; Brasil Fil: Chará, Julián. Centro para la Investigación en Sistemas Sostenibles de Producción Agropecuaria; Colombia Fil: Chará Serna, Ana M.. Centro para la Investigación en Sistemas Sostenibles de Producción Agropecuaria; Colombia Fil: Chauvet, Eric. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail; Francia Fil: Cornejo, Aydeé. Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud; Panamá Fil: Dudgeon, David. University of Hong Kong; China Fil: Encalada, Andrea C.. Universidad San Francisco de Quito; Ecuador Fil: Ferreira, Verónica. Universidad de Coimbra; Portugal Fil: Gessner, Mark O.. Leibniz - Institute Of Freshwater Ecology And Inland Fisheries; Alemania. Berlin Institute of Technology; Alemania Fil: Gonçalves Jr. , José F.. Universidade Do Brasilia; Brasil Fil: Graça, Manuel A. S.. Universidad de Coimbra; Portugal Fil: Helson, Julie E.. University Of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Mathooko, Jude M.. Egerton University; Canadá Fil: McKie, Brendan G.. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Suecia Fil: Moretti, Marcelo S.. University of Vila Velha; Brasil Fil: Yule, Catherine M.. Monash University; Australia

Published
2015
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3. The influence of splenic tissue on the survival and TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocyte rates in rats subjected to fecal peritonitis induction.

Author

Borjaili ASD, Nunes GC, Silveira JB, Dall'Orto FH, Lorenzoni GS, Borjaili MED, Campagnaro BP, Lima MCM, Paulo MSL, Paulo DNS, and Nunes TA

Subjects
Animals, Lymphocytes, Male, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Splenectomy, Peritonitis, Spleen
Abstract

Purpose: Comparing survival rates of rats subjected to spleen procedures after fecal peritonitis induction. Assessing changes in TCD4 and CD8 lymphocyte rates before and after the procedures. Correlating animal survival with CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes., Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were distributed into 3 groups of ten: spleen manipulation (SM); total splenectomy (TS); subtotal splenectomy with preservation of the inferior pole (IP). Rats were subjected to surgical procedure depending on the group. Seven days after surgery they underwent induction of peritonitis and survival time was recorded. All animals were subjected to two blood collections: before surgery and 70 days after it for TCD4/TCD8 lymphocyte counting., Results: Mean survival time was longer in the IP and SM groups and shorter in the TS group; there was significant difference between them. The comparison of the median number of CD4 did not present changes, whereas the comparison of the median number of CD8 decreased in the SM and IP groups. The correlation between the median number of TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocytes and the animals' survival was not significant., Conclusion: The maintenance of splenic tissue contributed to increase the survival of rats and there was a change in the number of TCD8 lymphocytes.

Published
2020
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4. Multi-element rice grains analysis by ICP OES and classification by processing types.

Author

Runge J, Heringer OA, Ribeiro JS, and Biazati LB

Subjects
Ions, Oryza classification, Poland, Minerals analysis, Oryza chemistry, Trace Elements analysis
Abstract

As major food staple, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated in irrigated fields absorbing widely trace elements wich may or may not migrate during processing types. Thus, we aimed to evaluate five national rice brands found in local market, in order to verify concentration of elements As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, Tl and Zn, presenting the differences and migration patterns between brown, parboiled and polished rice for each brand. Data were evaluated using ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey and PCA. The two major components presented 94.33% variance, indicating strong differentiation in samples by their processing types from their mineral composition. K is widely distributed over the grain, Mg, Fe and Ba are more distributed in the outer layers being more susceptible to loss, and Ca, Sr and Zn are more sensitive to the parboiling hydrothermal process., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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5. Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion induced acute kidney injury in rats. Application route and therapeutic window1.

Author

Monteiro BS, Santos BSD, Almeida BL, Hiura E, Fiorio WAB, Valdetaro GP, Gonçalves DV, Silva CS, Champion T, and Campagnol D

Subjects
Acute Kidney Injury pathology, Animals, Female, Kidney pathology, Male, Necrosis, Random Allocation, Rats, Inbred Lew, Renal Artery Obstruction surgery, Reperfusion Injury pathology, Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color, Acute Kidney Injury surgery, Adipose Tissue cytology, Kidney blood supply, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Reperfusion Injury surgery
Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate renal repair in rats who had renal infarction induced by the obstruction of blood flow in the renal artery and were treated with transplantation of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell., Methods: 16-week-old Wistar rats (n=72) were used, submitted to celiotomy and had of the renal artery and vein clipped for 24 hours. The animals were randomly assigned to 10 experimental homogeneous groups, corresponding to the treatments with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC), duration of application (24 or 48 hours), and site of transplantation (lateral vein of the tail or intrarenal). After the treatments were performed, at 8 and 31 days, four animals in each group were subjected to left nephrectomy for histological studies., Results: Histologically, a higher amount of cell debris and tubules devoid of the epithelium and a higher degree of necrosis were observed in the groups treated with PBS, as opposed to a low degree of necrosis and higher tubular vascularization in the groups treated with ADSC, particularly in the group treated with intrarenal ADSC 48 hours after injury., Conclusion: The transplantation of ADSC positively contributed to the replacement of necrotic tissue by renal tubular cells, vascularization of the renal parenchyma, and restoration of the organ function.

Published
2018
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