47 results on '"Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)"'
Search Results
2. ETUDE DE LA GESTION ACTUELLE DES DECHETS URBAINS À KINSHASA PAR OBSERVATION LE LONG DE L'AVENUE UNIVERSITE
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VUNI SIMBU, Alexis, Holenu Mangenda, Holy, PUELA PUELA, Fidel, LELO NZUZI, Francis, KINSUNGILA WAMBA, Elvis, Aloni Komanda, J, Tshibuabua, Faustin Mutayiya, and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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Kinshasa ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,waste ,urban ,Management - Published
- 2022
3. L’action publique en contexte de COVID-19: le soutien à l’activité économiquependant la crise sanitaire au Congo-Kinshasa
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Sylvie Ayimpam, Michel Bisa Kibul, Jacky Bouju, André Lisongomi Batibonda, Institut des Mondes Africains (IMAF), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Organisation internationale du Travail, Simon Barussaud et Frédéric Lapeyre, Etude de l'impact de la Covid-19 sur les travailleurs de l'économie informelle, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), and Ayimpam, Sylvie
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[SHS.ANTHRO-SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,Congo-Kinshasa ,Afrique ,Crise sanitaire ,Economie informelle ,[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,Covid-19 ,Action publique ,politique économique - Abstract
International audience; Cette contribution a pour objet les pouvoirs publics en action dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19 en Afrique. Les mesures de lutte contre la propagation de la pandémie ont provoqué un choc économique majeur partout dans le monde, avec une crise dont les effets risquent de se faire sentir encore pendant très longtemps. Il s’agit concrètement d’interroger la manière dont différents acteurs étatiques (ou non étatiques) se sont emparés des problèmes liés à la crise sanitaire et à ses conséquences économiques, les ont définis comme publics et la manière dont ils ont agi pour y répondre. En s’inscrivant dans la perspective des travaux sur l’action publique en Afrique, qui envisagent les rapports entre les différents acteurs dans la définition et la mise en place de réponses à des problèmes publics ou collectifs, l’objectif est de mettre en lumière les formes spécifiques d’actions publiques menées dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire au Congo qui, comme dans les autres contextes africains, sont généralement porteuses de dynamiques sociales et politiques originales. Les réponses formulées par les pouvoirs publics aux conséquences économiques et sociales de la crise sanitaire seront analysées, pendant la période de l’état d’urgence sanitaire décrété lors de la première vague de la pandémie de COVID-19, du mois de mars au mois de juillet 2020. Un regard particulier sera également porté sur les réponses apportées à l’économie informelle, dont les travailleurs sont généralement caractérisés par une précarité et une vulnérabilité socioéconomiques très marquées.
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- 2021
4. Fluctuations du taux de change et croissance économique en République Démocratique du Congo
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Kabamba, Mbuyi Allegra, Matadi, L. Deborah, and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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DRC ,JEL: F - International Economics ,[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,MCO ,croissance économique ,Taux de change ,OLS ,Exchange rate ,economic growth ,RDC - Abstract
This paper studies the effects of the exchange rate on economic growth. Our empirical analysis focuses on the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from 1990 to 2019 and uses the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The results show that exchange rate fluctuations have a negative effect on economic growth. In light of these results, we proposed a number of recommendations, including strengthening resilience through diversification of economic activity, building up budgetary reserves and increasing the level of international reserves. The latter, which can currently cover only three weeks of imports of goods and services, should be gradually increased to a long-term perspective.; RESUME Cet article étudie les effets du taux de change sur la croissance économique. Notre analyse empirique porte sur la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) de 1990 à 2019 et s'est appuyée sur la méthode des Moindres Carrés Ordinaires (MCO). Les résultats démontrent que les fluctuations du taux de change ont un effet négatif sur la croissance économique. Au regard de ces résultats, nous avons proposé quelques recommandations dont le renforcement de la résilience par la diversification de l'activité économique, la constitution des réserves budgétaires et le relèvement du niveau des réserves internationales. Ces dernières, qui ne peuvent couvrir actuellement que 3 semaines d'importation des biens et services, devraient être progressivement portées au-delà dans une perspective de long terme.
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- 2021
5. Impact du Policy mix sur la stabilité du niveau général des prix en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC)
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Kabamba , Mbuyi Allegra, Kondolo, T. Kojack, and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit/E.E5.E52 - Monetary Policy ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook/E.E6.E62 - Fiscal Policy ,[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,Policy mix coordination ,monetary policy ,DRC ,VAR model ,fiscal policy ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles/E.E3.E31 - Price Level • Inflation • Deflation - Abstract
La présente étude évalue l'impact de la coordination des politiques monétaire et budgétaire sur la stabilité du niveau général des prix dans le contexte de la République Démocratique du Congo de 1990 à 2019. Notre investigation empirique porte sur la RDC entre 1990 et 2019, et fait appel au modèle VAR. Les résultats ont montré l'existence de cette coordination durant quelques années. Aussi, cette coordination présente des effets positifs sur la stabilité du niveau général des prix. Ces preuves suggèrent que la Banque Centrale du Congo (BCC) doit travailler d'arrache-pied avec le gouvernement congolais pour assurer la stabilité du niveau général des prix.
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- 2021
6. Le projet Transaqua : cadre narratif et lecture constructiviste
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Joseph Mimbale and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,05 social sciences ,1. No poverty ,General Engineering ,050301 education ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,0502 economics and business ,11. Sustainability ,Pedagogy ,Narrative ,Sociology ,0503 education ,050203 business & management - Abstract
International audience; This article sets out to explain why the narrative of the Transaqua project should be understood prior to any analysis and why it is appropriate to think this initiative in terms of the constructivist approach to international relations. For several decades, the issue of the rescue of Lake Chad by the waters of the Congo has dominated both the African regional universe and the international chronicle. It is also the backdrop for several scientific publications covering various fields. In International Relations, the issue has been explored more under the anchor of classical theoretical approaches. Very little research has attempted to address the initiative according to the analytical logics of critical theoretical approaches such as constructivismwhich is powerful for its multi-causal explanation of social phenomena, its emphasis on social context, intersubjective arrangements, the social construction of national interest and the constitutive nature of initiatives and actors. When we try to comb through the existing literature on the issue of mega water transfer projects such as Transaqua, we cannot help but notice that much of the literature on the politics of large-scale water infrastructure is centred on classical theoretical schemes enshrining the centrality of the state, the West, urban development and even urban modernism [1]-[6]. Too often, case studies have focused on river bodies, transboundary basins, shared basins, shared water resources…in developing countries [7]. These approaches focus on issues of territorialisation of governmental power, legitimisation of state power, nationalisation, sovereignty and other forms of political competence [8]-[10]. With the inter-basin transfer to Lake Chad, social scientists have focused more on 'hydropolitical' analysis, such as Magrin's [11] political-ecological research on Lake Chad. Of course, Magrin sees the inter-basin transfer of water to restore the mythical disappearance of the lake as being motivated by various political interests. In contrast, from a hydro-security; Cet article se propose d'expliquer pourquoi il faudrait maîtriser, avant toute analyse, le narratif du projet Transaqua et pourquoi il convient de penser cette initiative sous le creuset de l'approche constructiviste des Relations Internationales. En effet, depuis plusieurs décennies, la question de sauvetage du lac Tchad par les eaux du Congo défraye aussi bien l'univers régional africain que la chronique internationale. Il est également la toile de fond de plusieurs publications scientifiques couvrant des domaines variés. En Relations Internationales, la problématique a davantage été explorée sous l'ancrage des approches théoriques classiques. Très peu de recherches seulement ont tenté de scander l’initiative suivant les logiques d'analyse des approches théoriques critiques à l'instar du constructivisme - pourtant percutant par son explication multicausale des phénomènes sociaux, l'importance qu'il accorde au contexte social, les arrangements intersubjectifs, la construction sociale de l'intérêt national et la nature constitutive des initiatives et des acteurs.
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- 2021
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7. Le massif de Lovo : quels enjeux et quels défis ?
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Geoffroy Heimlich, Clément Mambu Nsangathi, Paul Bakua-Lufu Badibanga, Pascale Richardin, Eric Laval, Edwige Pons-Branchu, Hélène Valladas, Jeanine Yogolelo, Anaclet Mutombo Masuta, Jean-Loïc Le Quellec, Institut des musées nationaux du Congo (IMNC), Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (C2RMF), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Institut des Mondes Africains (IMAF), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
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[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory - Abstract
Lauréat du Prix du livre 2021 de la Society of Africanist Archaeologists (SAfA) : https://safarchaeology.org/Book-Prize; International audience
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- 2021
8. Vue d’ensemble de la COVID-19 : De la définition aux effets spillovers macroéconomiques
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Pinshi, Christian and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] - Abstract
Le monde est saisi par le spectre de la COVID-19, qui sévit dans tous les systèmes planétaires et met à rude épreuve de nombreuses parties de nos sociétés et économies d’une manière que nous n’aurions jamais imaginée. Un an et deux mois après le début de l’une des crises les plus graves, nous comprenons lentement les ramifications de la pandémie. Cet aperçu analytique fournit un cadre théorique de base pour comprendre certaines implications sanitaires et macroéconomiques del’épidémie de coronavirus.
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- 2021
9. Optimalität der Fiskalpolitik und makroökonomische Leistung: Analyse der wechselseitigen Auswirkungen auf die Grenzproduktivität des Arbeitsangebots in der DR-Kongo
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Mupu, Élie and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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optimalité ,marché de travail ,JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue/H.H2.H21 - Efficiency • Optimal Taxation ,[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,performances macroéconomiques ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General/C.C1.C13 - Estimation: General ,marginal productivity ,optimality ,macroeconomic performance ,Politique fiscale ,Tax policy ,labor market ,productivité marginale ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook/E.E6.E61 - Policy Objectives • Policy Designs and Consistency • Policy Coordination - Abstract
International audience; Welcher Zusammenhang besteht zwischen der Steuerpolitik, dem Arbeitskräfteangebot der Erwerbsbevölkerung und der makroökonomischen Leistung in der DR-Kongo? Ist die Finanzpolitik der DR-Kongo optimal? Um diese Bedenken zu zerstreuen, wird in diesem Papier ein statisches Regressionsmodell mit Kreuzeffekten oder Störvariablen auf Daten aus der Demokratischen Republik Kongo kalibriert und anschließend geschätzt. Wir betrachten den Zeitraum 2002-2018 für die Analyse. Die Schätzergebnisse sagen eine positive und statistisch nicht signifikante Beziehung zwischen der Kreuzvariable der Finanzpolitik und dem Arbeitsangebot und der makroökonomischen Leistung voraus. Wenn wir uns nicht mit sehr prohibitiven Steuersätzen begnügen und gleichzeitig die gleiche Steuerbemessungsgrundlage beibehalten, wird deutlich, dass die Steuerpolitik nicht optimal ist; sie ist kontraproduktiv und hat eine statistisch unbedeutende Auswirkung auf die makroökonomische Leistung in der DR-Kongo.; What is the link between tax policy, labor supply of the active population and macroeconomic performance in DR-Congo? Is the DR-Congo's tax policy optimal? To address these concerns, this paper calibrates and then estimates a static cross-effects or interference variable regression model on data from the Democratic Republic of Congo. We consider the period 2002-2018 for the analysis. The estimation results predict a positive and statistically insignificant relationship of the cross variable of tax policy and labor supply on macroeconomic performance. Moreover, if we do not settle for very prohibitive rates while maintaining the same tax base, it is established that tax policy is not optimal; it is counterproductive and has a statistically insignificant effect on macroeconomic performance in the DR-Congo.; Quel lien existe-t-il entre la politique fiscale, l'offre de travail de la population active et les performances macroéconomiques en RD-Congo ? La politique fiscale de la RD-Congo est-t-elle optimale ? Pour répondre à ces préoccupations, ce papier étalonne, puis estime un modèle de régression statique à effets croisés ou à variable d'interférence sur données de la République Démocratique du Congo. Nous considérons la période 2002-2018 pour l'analyse. Les résultats d'estimations prédisent une relation positive et statistiquement non significative de la variable croisée de la politique fiscale et l'offre de travail sur les performances macroéconomiques. Par ailleurs, à défaut de se contenter à des taux très prohibitifs tout en maintenant la même assiette, il est établi que la politique fiscale n'est pas optimale ; elle est contre-productive et exerce un effet statistiquement non significatif sur les performances macroéconomiques en RD-Congo.
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- 2021
10. Central Bank of Congo : Four Factors Affecting Monetary Policy Effectiveness
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Pinshi, Christian and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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E60 ,F4 ,JEL: F - International Economics ,[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,dollarization ,monetary policy framework ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics ,fiscal dominance ,E58 ,Central Bank ,global risks E52 - Abstract
Four factors affect the effectiveness of monetary policy, three of which are exogenous, fiscal dominance, dollarization and global risks; one is endogenous, monetary policy framework that integrates strategy, tactics and governance of monetary policy. We show that the factors that undermine the effectiveness of the Central bank of Congo (BCC) are much more exogenous. However, the monetary policy framework needs to be rethought. For a lasting effectiveness of the BCC's monetary policy, it would be necessary to put in place sustainable fiscal discipline, serious de-dollarization measures, and economic growth policies that strengthen resilience.; Quatre facteurs affectent l’efficacité de la politique monétaire, dont trois sont exogènes, la dominance fiscale, la dollarisation et les risques mondiaux ; l’un est endogène, le cadre de politique monétaire qui intègre la stratégie, les tactiques et la gouvernance de la politique monétaire. Nous montrons que les facteurs qui nuisent à l’efficacité de la Banque centrale du Congo (BCC) sont beaucoup plus exogènes. Cependant, le cadre de la politique monétaire doit être repensé. Pour une efficacité durable de la politique monétaire de la BCC, il serait nécessaire de mettre en place une discipline budgétaire durable, des mesures sérieuses de dédollarisation et des politiques de croissance économique qui renforcent la résilience.
- Published
- 2020
11. Pauvreté et chômage en République Démocratique du Congo : état des lieux, analyses et perspectives
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
12. Poverty and unemployment in Democratic Republic of Congo : inventory of fixtures, analyses and prospects
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
13. Gestion des déchets ménagers dans la ville de Kinshasa : Enquête sur la perception des habitants et propositions
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Alfred Kiawutua, Pius Mulaba, Holy Holenu Mangenda, and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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collecte ,Kinshasa ,[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering ,décharge sauvage ,enquête ,perception ,6. Clean water ,12. Responsible consumption ,ménages ,13. Climate action ,11. Sustainability ,pollution ,waste ,dépôt ,illegal waste site ,polution ,déchet - Abstract
In the city of Kinshasa, waste generation in 2016 is estimated at 5,600 tonnes per day (Lelo Nzuzi, 2008), 16,800 tonnes/month and 2,016,000 tonnes per year (Holenu Mangenda H., 2016). This waste is produced by an estimated population of more than 12,000,000, with an area of the city of 9,965 km2. The results of this study were obtained from field surveys and interviews carried out in the communes of the city of Kinshasa, that is to say 22 communes, and among the actors working in the field of waste management. These results show that the main cause of the pervasiveness of uncontrolled landfills is the indiscipline of the population, and in terms of collection, there is the inefficiency of state services on the ground. Contrary to international standards on landfill management, the population of the city of Kinshasa daily discards waste in unauthorized places with harmful consequences on the environment and on the health of the population. The management system that is proposed must follow the system "RVM" (Reduction, Valuation and Landfilling), this system recommends in a first place the reduction of waste, that is to say, the waste must be exempted before proceeding to the recovery stage so that the proposed final landfills no longer receive excessive volumes of waste. This approach will not only combat pollution caused by the effects of wild landfills, but also combat climate change and mitigate warming due to greenhouse gases., Cet article présente un travail d’enquêtes et interviews menées auprès des habitants des 22 communes constituant la ville de Kinshasa ainsi que des acteurs de la gestion des déchets sur leur perception de la gestion des déchets municipaux et l’existence de très nombreux dépôts sauvages dans la ville. La production de déchets municipaux de la ville de Kinshasa, RD Congo, a été estimée en 2016 à 2 millions de tonnes par an (Lelo Nzuzi, 2008), soit 5 600 tonnes par jour, pour une population estimée à plus de 12 millions d’habitants.Les résultats des enquêtes montrent que les principales causes de la mauvaise gestion sont jugées être l’inefficacité du système de collecte mis en place et l’indiscipline de la population. La population de la ville de Kinshasa jette quotidiennement les déchets dans les lieux non autorisés, avec des conséquences néfastes sur l’environnement et sur la santé de la population. Face à cette situation, il est proposé de mettre en place de manière effective le système dit « RVM » (Réduction, Valorisation et Mise en décharges), qui préconise dans un premier lieu la réduction de la production de déchets, puis la valorisation des déchets produits, et enfin seulement la mise en décharge de déchets résiduels non valorisables. Cette approche permettrait non seulement de lutter contre les pollutions des milieux dues aux dépôts et décharges sauvages, mais aussi de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et leurs effets sur le dérèglement climatique.
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- 2020
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14. L’intégration régionale en Afrique 42 ans après : regard sur les inégalités des niveaux de vie
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
15. Dérivation des équations de convergence dans le modèle de Solow : démarche mathématique
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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JEL: N - Economic History/N.N1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics • Industrial Structure • Growth • Fluctuations ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics ,[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC] ,JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C6 - Mathematical Methods • Programming Models • Mathematical and Simulation Modeling ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
16. Economic convergence concept : theoretical and empirical review
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O1 - Economic Development/O.O1.O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development ,JEL: B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches/B.B4 - Economic Methodology ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
17. Intégration régionale, agglomérations naturelles et convergence économique au sein de la SADC : Approche économétrique
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook ,JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,JEL: F - International Economics/F.F6 - Economic Impacts of Globalization - Published
- 2020
18. Regional integration, natural agglomerations and economic convergence in SADC : Econometric approach
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook ,JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,JEL: F - International Economics/F.F6 - Economic Impacts of Globalization - Published
- 2020
19. Comprendre la convergence économique : résumé théorique et revue de littérature
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O1 - Economic Development/O.O1.O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development ,JEL: B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches/B.B4 - Economic Methodology ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
20. Solow model and convergence's equation : mathematical processing
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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JEL: N - Economic History/N.N1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics • Industrial Structure • Growth • Fluctuations ,JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics ,[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC] ,JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C6 - Mathematical Methods • Programming Models • Mathematical and Simulation Modeling ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance - Published
- 2020
21. Dollarization and Foreign Exchange Reserve : Debate on the Effectiveness of Monetary Policy in DR. Congo
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Pinshi, Christian and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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22. Influence de l'appartenance ethnique sur la personnalité des étudiants de l'Université de Kinshasa
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Enguta, Jonathan and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2018
23. Place de la créativité dans le programme de l'enseignement primaire de la République démocratique du Congo
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Enguta, Jonathan and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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Taxonomie de Bloom ,Créativité ,Lehrplan ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Primary Education ,Creativity ,Tassonomia di Bloom ,Enseignement Primaire ,Creatività ,Curriculum ,Kreativität ,Bloom's Taxonomy ,Programme éducatif ,Educazione primaria ,Bloom's Taxonomie - Abstract
International audience; In diesem Artikel wird vorgeschlagen, den kongolesischen Grundschullehrplan zu analysieren oder zu bewerten, um den Anteil der Kreativität im Vergleich zu anderen intellektuellen Fähigkeiten zu bestimmen. Die Analyse wurde anhand der Taxonomie von Bloom als Bewertungskriterium durchgeführt. Nach Analyse und Interpretation der Ergebnisse wurde festgestellt, dass von den insgesamt 1409 Bildungszielen des kongolesischen Grundschullehrplans nur 78 (5,53%) explizit Kreativität betreffen, während die klassische Intelligenz durch ihre wesentlichen Komponenten (Wissen, Verstehen, Anwendung und Analyse) 1331 Bildungsziele des Lehrplans abdeckt (94,47%). Diese Ergebnisse haben es ermöglicht, mit Nachdruck und Detailgenauigkeit zu bestätigen, dass der kongolesische Grundschullehrplan, basierend auf seinen Zielen, das kreative Potenzial der Schüler nicht stimuliert. Im Gegenteil, es hemmt sie erheblich. Auf dieser Grundlage haben wir eine Änderung der pädagogischen Praxis durch eine Neuformulierung der Bildungsziele vorgeschlagen. Diese Neuformulierung wird dadurch erfolgen müssen, dass sie sich bei der Spezifizierung der Ziele stärker auf der hohen Ebene der Taxonomie von Bloom ansiedelt.; This article proposes to analyse or evaluate the Congolese primary school curriculum in order to determine the share of creativity compared to other intellectual abilities. The analysis was done using Bloom's taxonomy as an evaluation criterion. After analysis and interpretation of the results, it was found that out of a total of 1409 educational objectives of the Congolese primary school curriculum, only 78 (5.53%) explicitly concern creativity, whereas classical intelligence through its essential components (knowledge, understanding, application and analysis) covers 1331 educational objectives of the curriculum (94.47%). These results have made it possible to confirm with force and detail that the Congolese primary school curriculum, based on its objectives, does not stimulate the creative potential of pupils. On the contrary, it inhibits them significantly. On this basis, we have proposed a change in pedagogical practice by reformulating the educational objectives. This reformulation will have to be done by situating itself more in the high level of Bloom's taxonomy when specifying the objectives.; Cet article se propose d'analyser ou d'évaluer le programme de l'enseignement primaire congolais afin de déterminer la part réservée à la créativité comparativement aux autres aptitudes intellectuelles. L'analyse s'est faite en se servant de la taxonomie de Bloom comme critère d'évaluation. Après analyse et interprétation des résultats, il s'est avéré que sur un total de 1409 objectifs éducatifs du programme éducatif congolais du niveau primaire, seuls 78 (soit 5,53 %) concernent explicitement la créativité au moment où l'intelligence classique à travers ses composantes essentielles (connaissance, compréhension, application et analyse) couvre 1331 objectifs éducatifs du programme (soit 94,47 %). Ces résultats ont permis de confirmer avec force et détails que le programme de l'enseignement primaire congolais, partant de ses objectifs, ne stimule pas les potentialités créatives des élèves. Au contraire, il les inhibe de façon significative. Sur ce, nous avons proposé à ce qu'il y ait changement dans la pratique pédagogique en reformulant les objectifs éducatifs. Cette reformulation devra se faire en se situant plus dans le niveau élevé de la taxonomie de Bloom lors de la spécification des objectifs.; Questo articolo si propone di analizzare o valutare il curriculum della scuola elementare congolese per determinare la quota di creatività rispetto alle altre capacità intellettuali. L'analisi è stata effettuata utilizzando la tassonomia di Bloom come criterio di valutazione. Dall'analisi e dall'interpretazione dei risultati è emerso che su un totale di 1409 obiettivi educativi del programma di studi della scuola primaria congolese, solo 78 (5,53%) riguardano esplicitamente la creatività, mentre l'intelligenza classica attraverso le sue componenti essenziali (conoscenza, comprensione, applicazione e analisi) copre 1331 obiettivi educativi del programma di studi (94,47%). Questi risultati hanno permesso di confermare con forza e precisione che il curriculum della scuola primaria congolese, in base ai suoi obiettivi, non stimola il potenziale creativo degli alunni. Al contrario, li inibisce in modo significativo. Su questa base, abbiamo proposto un cambiamento nella pratica pedagogica riformulando gli obiettivi educativi. Questa riformulazione dovrà essere fatta collocandosi maggiormente nell'alto livello della tassonomia di Bloom quando si specificano gli obiettivi.
- Published
- 2018
24. FROM MANUAL PAY TO BANKING OF OFFICIALS IN THE DRC: ANALYSIS OF THE STRATEGIES OF KALEIDOSCOPIC CHANGE
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KABUNGU, Bobo B., NTABUGI BARAKOMERWA, Pascaline, Bircham International University, Banque Centrale du Congo (BCC), Centre de Recherche en Sciences Humaines (CRESH), Initiative Congolaise pour l'Evaluation, le Bien-Etre, la Recherche et le Genre (ICEBERG asbl), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), and Fondation Universitaire Mercure
- Subjects
pilotage des réformes ,stratégies du changement ,DRC ,kaléidoscope ,RDC ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,strategies of the change ,state agents ,kaleidoscope ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,agents et fonctionnaires de l'Etat ,piloting the reforms ,Bancarisation de la paie ,Bank payroll - Abstract
International audience; The bank payroll of state agents in the DRC helped to contribute to the control of the workforce and the wage bill in a country with continental dimensions, and deprived of financial institutions, except in certain large urban centers and districts. This is a big change, with a clear impact on the national economic and social sphere, achieved without the technical or financial assistance of traditional development partners. This article analyzes this mutation by resorting to the kaleidoscope of BALOGUN, HAILEY and VIARDOT (2005), as well as the five strategies of SERIEYX (1992), apart from a documentary research and a long participant observation. Using this methodological basis, it is shown how the DRC went from a manual pay, late and at the origin of the accumulation of arrears, lack of follow-up and because of the multiplication of intermediaries between the Authorizing Officer and the beneficiary, to a relaxation payroll of state agents and civil servants through its domiciliation in credit institutions and effective management.; La bancarisation de la paie des agents et fonctionnaires de l'Etat en RDC a permis de contribuer à la maitrise des effectifs et de la masse salariale dans un pays aux dimensions continentales, et dépourvu d'institutions financières, sauf dans certains grands centres urbains et districts. Il s'agit-là d'un changement de premier ordre, avec un impact évident sur la sphère économique et sociale nationale, réalisé sans assistance technique ou financière des partenaires traditionnels au développement. Cet article analyse cette mutation en recourant, en dehors d'une recherche documentaire et une longue observation participante, au kaléidoscope de BALOGUN, HAILEY et VIARDOT (2005) ainsi qu'aux cinq stratégies de SERIEYX (1992). Partant de ce substrat, il est démontré comment d'une paie manuelle tardive et à l'origine de l'accumulation des arriérés, faute de suivi et à cause de la multiplication d'intermédiaires entre l'Ordonnateur et le bénéficiaire, la RDC est parvenue à assouplir le circuit de la paie des agents et fonctionnaires de l'Etat grâce à sa domiciliation dans des établissements de crédit et à un pilotage efficace.
- Published
- 2018
25. PILOTAGE DU DEVELOPPEMENT ET RESULTATS ECONOMIQUES : REVUE DE L'EXPERIENCE CHINOISE ET PERSPECTIVES D'EMERGENCE POUR LA RDC
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KABUNGU, Bobo B., Ntabugi Barakomerwa, Pascaline, Bircham International University, Université Grenoble Alpes - Faculté d'Économie de Grenoble (UGA UFR FEG), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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Development economics ,China ,gouvernance ,Economie du développement ,five-year plan ,Democratic Republic of Congo ,République Démocratique du Congo ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,émergence ,planification économique ,economic planning ,governance ,plan quinquennal ,emergence ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,Chine - Abstract
International audience; Development refers to the set of social transformations that enhance the ability of a population to increase its real and global product and to put this trend into the longer term. If we accept this meaning, China has developed, at least in economic terms. A consensus emerges on this, despite the criticisms. Several countries would like to take it as an example and the DRC is one of them. This paper shows, after a detailed conceptual framework, how China has traveled along the second half of the 20th century and has managed to "emerge" as the DRC has engulfed itself. Using a comparative method it reviews experiences in the field of development steering and highlights a schism between the two countries then both under occupation at the beginning of the last century. Hope is not lost; through suggestions for planning and economic policy, such as prioritizing reforms, implementing a coherent development plan, diversifying the economy, consolidating public finances, or the increase in investment budgets, the country can return to the path of its development. But this requires political stability and an awareness of the actors.; Le développement renvoie à l'ensemble de mutations sociales qui améliorent les aptitudes d'une population à augmenter son produit réel et global et à inscrire cette tendance dans la durée. Si l'on retient cette acception, la Chine s'est développée, en tout cas sur le plan économique. Un consensus se dégage là-dessus, malgré les critiques. Plusieurs pays aimeraient la prendre en exemple et la RDC en fait partie. Ce papier montre, après un cadre conceptuel fouillé, comment la Chine a cheminé tout au long de la seconde partie du 20 ème siècle et est parvenue à « émerger » alors que la RDC s'est engouffrée. Grâce à une méthode comparative, il passe en revue les expériences en matière de pilotage du développement et met en lumière un schisme entre les deux pays alors tous deux sous occupation au début du siècle dernier. L'espoir n'est pas perdu ; grâce à des suggestions en matière de planification et de politique économique relatives notamment à la priorisation des réformes, à la mise en oeuvre d'un plan de déve-loppement cohérent, à la diversification de l'économie, à l'assainissement des finances publiques ou à l'augmentation des budgets d'investissement, le pays peut retrouver la voie de son développement. Mais cela exige une stabilité politique et un haut degré de prise de conscience des acteurs.
- Published
- 2017
26. DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES: A REVIEW OF THE CHINESE EXPERIENCE AND EMERGING PROSPECTS FOR THE DRC
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KABUNGU, Bobo B., Ntabugi Barakomerwa, Pascaline, Bircham International University, Université Grenoble Alpes - Faculté d'Économie de Grenoble (UGA UFR FEG), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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Development economics ,China ,gouvernance ,Economie du développement ,five-year plan ,Democratic Republic of Congo ,République Démocratique du Congo ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,émergence ,planification économique ,economic planning ,governance ,plan quinquennal ,emergence ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,Chine - Abstract
International audience; Development refers to the set of social transformations that enhance the ability of a population to increase its real and global product and to put this trend into the longer term. If we accept this meaning, China has developed, at least in economic terms. A consensus emerges on this, despite the criticisms. Several countries would like to take it as an example and the DRC is one of them. This paper shows, after a detailed conceptual framework, how China has traveled along the second half of the 20th century and has managed to "emerge" as the DRC has engulfed itself. Using a comparative method it reviews experiences in the field of development steering and highlights a schism between the two countries then both under occupation at the beginning of the last century. Hope is not lost; through suggestions for planning and economic policy, such as prioritizing reforms, implementing a coherent development plan, diversifying the economy, consolidating public finances, or the increase in investment budgets, the country can return to the path of its development. But this requires political stability and an awareness of the actors.; Le développement renvoie à l'ensemble de mutations sociales qui améliorent les aptitudes d'une population à augmenter son produit réel et global et à inscrire cette tendance dans la durée. Si l'on retient cette acception, la Chine s'est développée, en tout cas sur le plan économique. Un consensus se dégage là-dessus, malgré les critiques. Plusieurs pays aimeraient la prendre en exemple et la RDC en fait partie. Ce papier montre, après un cadre conceptuel fouillé, comment la Chine a cheminé tout au long de la seconde partie du 20 ème siècle et est parvenue à « émerger » alors que la RDC s'est engouffrée. Grâce à une méthode comparative, il passe en revue les expériences en matière de pilotage du développement et met en lumière un schisme entre les deux pays alors tous deux sous occupation au début du siècle dernier. L'espoir n'est pas perdu ; grâce à des suggestions en matière de planification et de politique économique relatives notamment à la priorisation des réformes, à la mise en oeuvre d'un plan de déve-loppement cohérent, à la diversification de l'économie, à l'assainissement des finances publiques ou à l'augmentation des budgets d'investissement, le pays peut retrouver la voie de son développement. Mais cela exige une stabilité politique et un haut degré de prise de conscience des acteurs.
- Published
- 2017
27. CHINE 1978-2018 : 40 ANS DE REFORMES. QUELLES LEÇONS A TIRER POUR UN CONGO EMERGENT ?
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KABUNGU, Bobo B., NTABUGI BARAKOMERWA, Pascaline, Université Grenoble Alpes - Faculté d'Économie de Grenoble (UGA UFR FEG), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Bircham International University, and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
- Subjects
[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,strategic planning ,Emergence ,planification stratégique ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,development ,développement - Abstract
International audience; China's stunning development has surprised the world. While the growth rate of the Congo in the early 1960s was 20.0% when China one was declining, the economic boom of the decades after 1970 in favor of the country of MAO has widened a gap between the two countries, bringing the People's Republic to the rank of emerging superpower. What reforms have contributed to this development ? Despite the problems of unemployment, pollution, inequalities and freedom, what lessons can be learned for the DRC aspiring to its emergence ?; Le développement fulgurant de la Chine a surpris le monde entier. Alors que le taux de croissance du Congo au début des années 1960 atteignait les 20,0 % lorsque la Chine enregistrait une décroissance, le boom économique des décennies d'après 1970 au profit du pays de MAO a creusé un fossé entre les deux pays, hissant la République Populaire au rang de superpuissance émergente. Quelles sont les réformes qui y ont contribué ? En dépit des problèmes de chômage, de pollution, d'inégalités et de libertés contenues, quels enseignements tirer pour la RDC qui aspire à son émergence ?
- Published
- 2017
28. Etude de la validité du test de Rorschach comme mesure de la pensée divergente
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Enguta, Jonathan and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2016
29. Contribution à l’explication de la volatilité du taux de change en R.D Congo : Approche par la modélisation VAR
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KIBALA KUMA, Jonas and Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN)
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[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin] ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,[QFIN.ST]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Statistical Finance [q-fin.ST] - Published
- 2011
30. New developments in the chemical characterisation of the fruit of Dacryodes Edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam
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Kalenda, Dibungi, Ella Missang, Crepin, Kinkela, Thérèse, Krebs, Hans Christoph, Renard, Catherine, Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku [Franceville, Gabon] (USTM), Equipe Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Alimentation et Nutrition, Partenaires INRAE, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Department of Animal Nutrition, Station de Recherches Cidricoles et Biotransformation des Fruits et Légumes (SRC - BFL), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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SEED OIL ,TRIACYLGLYCEROL ,PECTIN ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,FATTY ACID ,CHROMATOGRAPHY ,[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering ,SAFOU ,PULP OIL ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2002
31. Arginine supplementation improves lactate dehydrogenase levels in steady-state sickle cell patients: preliminary findings from Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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Ngonde ACM, Lukanu PN, Mubiala A, and Aloni MN
- Abstract
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) disrupts oxygen transport due to the abnormal shape and rigidity of red blood cells, leading to hemolysis. Hemolysis, a major co-morbidity in SCD, is indicated by elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Arginine depletion, which is essential for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, contributes to various complications in SCD. L-arginine supplementation may increase NO levels and reduce oxidative stress. Research on its benefits in SCD, which is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, is limited. This study evaluates the effect of arginine supplementation on LDH levels in patients with steady state SCD., Methods: In a retrospective study, we evaluated the effect of arginine supplementation on LDH levels in a cohort of 31 patients. We divided the study into three phases: pre-HU treatment, HU treatment, and combined HU and arginine supplementation., Results: The cohort had a median age of 12 years, ranging from 2 to 43 years. Throughout all three phases of the study, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were consistently above the established normal ranges, with elevations of 216.7%, 220.3% and 176.6% above the normative values for baseline, Phase 1 (HU) and Phase 2 (HU + Arg), respectively. Specifically, LDH levels were 649.7 ± 364.2 U/L in Baseline Phase, 661.6 ± 367 U/L in Phase 1, and 529.9 ± 346.3 U/L in Phase 2. When comparing these discrete study intervals, it is noteworthy that LDH levels were significantly lower in Phase 2 compared to the previous phases ( p = 0.002)., Conclusion: Preliminary findings revealed a significant lower LDH levels among sickle cell patients receiving combined arginine supplementation and hydroxyurea (HU). Although these findings are promising, their credibility and applicability require further and more extensive research., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2024 Ngonde, Lukanu, Mubiala and Aloni.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. An ounce of prevention is better : Monitoring wildlife health as a tool for pandemic prevention.
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Gogarten JF, Düx A, Gräßle T, Lumbu CP, Markert S, Patrono LV, Pléh KA, Singa FN, Tanga CTF, Tombolomako TB, Couacy-Hymann E, Kouadio L, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Makouloutou-Nzassi P, Calvignac-Spencer S, and Leendertz FH
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- Animals, Humans, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Zoonoses prevention & control, Zoonoses epidemiology, Animals, Wild, Pandemics prevention & control, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Sensitive poliovirus detection using nested PCR and nanopore sequencing: a prospective validation study.
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Shaw AG, Mampuela TK, Lofiko EL, Pratt C, Troman C, Bujaki E, O'Toole Á, Akello JO, Aziza AA, Lusamaki EK, Makangara JC, Akonga M, Lay Y, Nsunda B, White B, Jorgensen D, Pukuta E, Riziki Y, Rankin KE, Rambaut A, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Muyembe JJ, Martin J, Grassly NC, and Mbala-Kingebeni P
- Subjects
- Polymerase Chain Reaction, Dansyl Compounds, Poliovirus genetics, Nanopore Sequencing
- Abstract
Timely detection of outbreaks is needed for poliovirus eradication, but gold standard detection in the Democratic Republic of the Congo takes 30 days (median). Direct molecular detection and nanopore sequencing (DDNS) of poliovirus in stool samples is a promising fast method. Here we report prospective testing of stool samples from suspected polio cases, and their contacts, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 10 August 2021 and 4 February 2022. DDNS detected polioviruses in 62/2,339 (2.7%) of samples, while gold standard combination of cell culture, quantitative PCR and Sanger sequencing detected polioviruses in 51/2,339 (2.2%) of the same samples. DDNS provided case confirmation in 7 days (median) in routine surveillance conditions. DDNS enabled confirmation of three serotype 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks 23 days (mean) earlier (range 6-30 days) than the gold standard method. The mean sequence similarity between sequences obtained by the two methods was 99.98%. Our data confirm the feasibility of implementing DDNS in a national poliovirus laboratory., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Use of Mpox Multiplex Serology in the Identification of Cases and Outbreak Investigations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
- Author
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Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Baketana LK, Ndomba-Mukanya E, Bouillin J, Thaurignac G, Aziza AA, Luakanda-Ndelemo G, Nuñez NF, Kalonji-Mukendi T, Pukuta ES, Nkuba-Ndaye A, Lofiko EL, Kibungu EM, Lushima RS, Ayouba A, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Delaporte E, Peeters M, and Ahuka-Mundeke S
- Abstract
Human Mpox cases are increasingly reported in Africa, with the highest burden in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). While case reporting on a clinical basis can overestimate infection rates, laboratory confirmation by PCR can underestimate them, especially on suboptimal samples like blood, commonly used in DRC. Here we used a Luminex-based assay to evaluate whether antibody testing can be complementary to confirm cases and to identify human transmission chains during outbreak investigations. We used left-over blood samples from 463 patients, collected during 174 outbreaks between 2013 and 2022, with corresponding Mpox and VZV PCR results. In total, 157 (33.9%) samples were orthopox-PCR positive and classified as Mpox+; 124 (26.8%) had antibodies to at least one of the three Mpox peptides. The proportion of antibody positive samples was significantly higher in Mpox positive samples (36.9%) versus negative (21.6%) ( p < 0.001). By combining PCR and serology, 66 additional patients were identified, leading to an Mpox infection rate of 48.2% (223/463) versus 33.9% when only PCR positivity is considered. Mpox infections were as such identified in 14 additional health zones and 23 additional outbreaks (111/174 (63.8% ) versus 88/174 (50.6%)). Our findings highlight the urgent need of rapid on-site diagnostics to circumvent Mpox spread.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Protein Content and Amino Acid Profiles of Selected Edible Insect Species from the Democratic Republic of Congo Relevant for Transboundary Trade across Africa.
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Nsevolo Miankeba P, Taofic A, Kiatoko N, Mutiaka K, Francis F, and Caparros Megido R
- Abstract
This study analyzed the protein content of ten edible insect species (using the Dumas method), then focused on the amino acid (AA) profiles of the six major commercially relevant species using HPLC (high-pressure (or performance) liquid chromatography). The protein contents varied significantly from 46.1% to 52.9% (dry matter); the Orthoptera representative yielding both the highest protein content and the highest values in three essential amino acids (EAAs). Regarding Lepidoptera species, the protein content of Saturniidae varied more than for Notodontidae. Imbrasia ertli gave the best example of a species that could be suggested for dietary supplementation of cereal-based diets, as the sample contained the highest values in five EAAs and for the EAA index. Furthermore, first-limiting AAs in the selected insects have also been pointed out (based on a species-specific AA score), supporting that the real benefit from eating insects is correlated to a varied diet. Additionally, preliminary insights into AA distribution patterns according to taxa provided three clusters based on protein quality and should be completed further to help tailor prescriptions of dietary diets. Since the AA composition of the selected insects was close to the FAO/WHO EAA requirement pattern for preschool children and met the requirements of 40% EAAs with high ratio EAAs/NEAAs, the current study endorses reports of edible insects as nutrient-rich and sustainable protein sources.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance.
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Tegally H, San JE, Cotten M, Moir M, Tegomoh B, Mboowa G, Martin DP, Baxter C, Lambisia AW, Diallo A, Amoako DG, Diagne MM, Sisay A, Zekri AN, Gueye AS, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sow A, Musa AO, Sesay AK, Abias AG, Elzagheid AI, Lagare A, Kemi AS, Abar AE, Johnson AA, Fowotade A, Oluwapelumi AO, Amuri AA, Juru A, Kandeil A, Mostafa A, Rebai A, Sayed A, Kazeem A, Balde A, Christoffels A, Trotter AJ, Campbell A, Keita AK, Kone A, Bouzid A, Souissi A, Agweyu A, Naguib A, Gutierrez AV, Nkeshimana A, Page AJ, Yadouleton A, Vinze A, Happi AN, Chouikha A, Iranzadeh A, Maharaj A, Batchi-Bouyou AL, Ismail A, Sylverken AA, Goba A, Femi A, Sijuwola AE, Marycelin B, Salako BL, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Diarra B, Herring BL, Tsofa B, Lekana-Douki B, Mvula B, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Marondera BT, Khaireh BA, Kouriba B, Adu B, Pool B, McInnis B, Brook C, Williamson C, Nduwimana C, Anscombe C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Mapanguy CM, Loucoubar C, Onwuamah CK, Ihekweazu C, Malaka CN, Peyrefitte C, Grace C, Omoruyi CE, Rafaï CD, Morang'a CM, Erameh C, Lule DB, Bridges DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Park D, Rasmussen DA, Baker D, Nokes DJ, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Grant DS, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Wanjohi DW, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Abworo EO, Otieno E, Shumba E, Barasa E, Ahmed EB, Ahmed EA, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Manuel E, Leendertz F, Taweh FM, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Ajogbasile FV, Treurnicht F, Onikepe F, Ntoumi F, Muyembe FM, Ragomzingba FEZ, Dratibi FA, Iyanu FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Akpede GO, van Zyl GU, Awandare GA, Kpeli GS, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Omunakwe HE, Onywera H, Abe H, Karray H, Nansumba H, Triki H, Kadjo HAA, Elgahzaly H, Gumbo H, Mathieu H, Kavunga-Membo H, Smeti I, Olawoye IB, Adetifa IMO, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Muhammad IA, Ssewanyana I, Wurie I, Konstantinus IS, Halatoko JWA, Ayei J, Sonoo J, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Musyoki J, Nkurunziza J, Uwanibe JN, Bhiman JN, Yasuda J, Morais J, Kiconco J, Sandi JD, Huddleston J, Odoom JK, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Kayiwa JT, Okolie JC, Xavier JS, Gyamfi J, Wamala JF, Bonney JHK, Nyandwi J, Everatt J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Oguzie JU, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, Mogga JJH, O'Grady J, Siddle KJ, Victoir K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Carvalho KS, Mohammed KS, Dellagi K, Musonda KG, Duedu KO, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Kepler LM, Biscornet L, de Oliveira Martins L, Chabuka L, Olubayo L, Ojok LD, Deng LL, Ochola-Oyier LI, Tyers L, Mine M, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, ElHefnawi M, Mbanne M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Momoh M, Lima Mendonça MDL, Venter M, Paye MF, Faye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina MG, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Tatfeng MY, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Beloufa MA, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Matobo MM, Kane M, Salou M, Mbulawa MB, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Rujeni N, Abuzaid N, Ismael N, Elguindy N, Top NM, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Francisco NM, Saasa N, Bbosa N, Murunga N, Gumede N, Wolter N, Sitharam N, Ndodo N, Ajayi NA, Tordo N, Mbhele N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Mba N, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Femi O, Adewumi OM, Testimony O, Ogunsanya OA, Fakayode O, Ogah OE, Oludayo OE, Faye O, Smith-Lawrence P, Ondoa P, Combe P, Nabisubi P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Okokhere PO, Bejon P, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Kaleebu P, Abechi P, El-Shesheny R, Joseph R, Aziz RK, Essomba RG, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Neto Rodrigues RMDESA, Audu RA, Carr RAA, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Bootsma S, Sankhe S, Mohamed SI, Femi S, Mhalla S, Hosch S, Kassim SK, Metha S, Trabelsi S, Agwa SH, Mwangi SW, Doumbia S, Makiala-Mandanda S, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Ahmed SM, Elhamoumi S, Moyo S, Lutucuta S, Gaseitsiwe S, Jalloh S, Andriamandimby SF, Oguntope S, Grayo S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, van Wyk S, Schaffner SF, Kanyerezi S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Rudder S, Pillay S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Velavan TP, Schindler T, Maponga TG, Bedford T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, George UE, Enouf V, Nene V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Karim WA, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Ahmed YA, Ramphal Y, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR, Ouma AEO, von Gottberg A, Githinji G, Moeti M, Tomori O, Sabeti PC, Sall AA, Oyola SO, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, de Oliveira T, Happi C, Lessells R, Nkengasong J, and Wilkinson E
- Subjects
- Africa epidemiology, Genomics, Humans, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 virology, Epidemiological Monitoring, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2 genetics
- Abstract
Investment in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing in Africa over the past year has led to a major increase in the number of sequences that have been generated and used to track the pandemic on the continent, a number that now exceeds 100,000 genomes. Our results show an increase in the number of African countries that are able to sequence domestically and highlight that local sequencing enables faster turnaround times and more-regular routine surveillance. Despite limitations of low testing proportions, findings from this genomic surveillance study underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic and illuminate the distinct dispersal dynamics of variants of concern-particularly Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron-on the continent. Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve while the continent faces many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century.
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- 2022
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37. A year of genomic surveillance reveals how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic unfolded in Africa.
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Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Tegally H, San JE, Lessells R, Cuadros D, Martin DP, Rasmussen DA, Zekri AN, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sesay AK, Priscilla A, Kemi AS, Olubusuyi AM, Oluwapelumi AOO, Hammami A, Amuri AA, Sayed A, Ouma AEO, Elargoubi A, Ajayi NA, Victoria AF, Kazeem A, George A, Trotter AJ, Yahaya AA, Keita AK, Diallo A, Kone A, Souissi A, Chtourou A, Gutierrez AV, Page AJ, Vinze A, Iranzadeh A, Lambisia A, Ismail A, Rosemary A, Sylverken A, Femi A, Ibrahimi A, Marycelin B, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Dhaala B, Herring BL, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Kleinhans B, McInnis B, Tegomoh B, Brook C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Peyrefitte C, Daubenberger C, Morang'a CM, Nokes DJ, Amoako DG, Bugembe DL, Park D, Baker D, Doolabh D, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Bassirou D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Shumba E, El Fahime E, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Leendertz F, Ajili F, Enoch FO, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Mosha FS, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Bouzid F, Onikepe F, Adeola F, Muyembe FM, Tanser F, Dratibi FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Githinji G, van Zyl G, Awandare GA, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Lemriss H, Anise H, Abe H, Karray HH, Nansumba H, Elgahzaly HA, Gumbo H, Smeti I, Ayed IB, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Gaaloul I, Gazy I, Mudau I, Ssewanyana I, Konstantinus I, Lekana-Douk JB, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Li J, Yasuda J, Mends JQ, Kiconco J, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Okolie JC, Kayiwa JT, Edwards JA, Gyamfi J, Farah J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, O'Grady J, Siddle K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Said KM, Hae-Young K, Duedu KO, Belyamani L, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Martins LO, Tyers L, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, Aouni M, El Hefnawi M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Turki M, Paye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina M, Nwando M, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Youtchou MT, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Sekhele M, Ouadghiri M, Diagne MM, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Touil N, Rujeni N, Kharrat N, Ismael N, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Nsenga N, Gumede N, Mulder N, Ndodo N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Judith O, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Peter O, Femi O, Idowu O, Testimony O, Chukwuma OE, Ogah OE, Onwuamah CK, Cyril O, Faye O, Tomori O, Ondoa P, Combe P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Carr RAA, El Kabbaj S, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Sankhe S, Lawal SB, Kassim S, Trabelsi S, Metha S, Kammoun S, Lemriss S, Agwa SHA, Calvignac-Spencer S, Schaffner SF, Doumbia S, Mandanda SM, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Elhamoumi S, Andriamandimby S, Tope S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, Mundeke SA, Rudder S, Panji S, Pillay S, Engelbrecht S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Aanniz T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Schindler T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, Jessica U, George U, Fonseca V, Enouf V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR, Sall AA, Rebai A, von Gottberg A, Kouriba B, Williamson C, Bridges DJ, Chikwe I, Bhiman JN, Mine M, Cotten M, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S, Saasa N, Sabeti PC, Kaleebu P, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, Happi C, Nkengasong J, and de Oliveira T
- Subjects
- Africa epidemiology, COVID-19 transmission, COVID-19 virology, Genetic Variation, Humans, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, COVID-19 epidemiology, Epidemiological Monitoring, Genomics, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2 genetics
- Abstract
The progression of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in Africa has so far been heterogeneous, and the full impact is not yet well understood. In this study, we describe the genomic epidemiology using a dataset of 8746 genomes from 33 African countries and two overseas territories. We show that the epidemics in most countries were initiated by importations predominantly from Europe, which diminished after the early introduction of international travel restrictions. As the pandemic progressed, ongoing transmission in many countries and increasing mobility led to the emergence and spread within the continent of many variants of concern and interest, such as B.1.351, B.1.525, A.23.1, and C.1.1. Although distorted by low sampling numbers and blind spots, the findings highlight that Africa must not be left behind in the global pandemic response, otherwise it could become a source for new variants.
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- 2021
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38. Analysis of severe adverse effects following community-based ivermectin treatment in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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Makenga Bof JC, Muteba D, Mansiangi P, Ilunga-Ilunga F, and Coppieters Y
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- Adult, Community Medicine, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Female, Filaricides therapeutic use, Humans, Ivermectin therapeutic use, Male, Onchocerciasis drug therapy, Retrospective Studies, Filaricides adverse effects, Ivermectin adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: The progress of mass, community-directed, treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) for onchocerciasis control was disrupted by severe adverse effects (SAE) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The study aimed at determining the frequency of post-CDTI SAE as well as factors associated with the occurrence of SAE., Methods: Our retrospective study relied on SAE collection cards, as archived by the DRC Ministry of Health, and compiled for people who benefited from ivermectin treatment then further developed SAE. The study included 945 post-CDTI SAE recorded in DRC between 2003 and 2017. These cases occurred in 15 projects out of 22 projects implemented in the country. All cards were reviewed and analysed., Results: Between the years 2003 and 2017, the total average population treated was around 15,552,588 among which 945 cases of SAE were registered in DR Congo, i.e. 6 cases of SAE for 100,000 persons treated per year. 55 deaths related to post-CDTI SAE were recorded, which represents 5.8% of all cases of SAE. Non-neurological SAE were dominated by severe headaches (74.8%), myalgia (64.0%) and arthralgia (62.7%). Neurological SAE were mainly coma (94.1%), motor deficit (75.4%) and palpebral subconjunctival haemorrhages (38.8%). Factors associated with the occurrence of SAE were: male, age over 18 years old, alcohol consumption, hemp intake and the presence of loiasis. The study also highlighted weaknesses of the National Program for Onchocerciasis Control (NPOC) in terms of awareness campaigns among the population., Conclusion: Co-endemicity of loiasis and onchocerciasis is one of the key factors responsible for the occurrence of SAE following ivermectin treatment. Mobilization of resources necessary to the appropriate management of SAE and awareness of populations are essential to achieve onchocerciasis control in DRC.
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- 2019
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39. Community Participation in and Perception of Community-Directed Treatment with Ivermectin in Kinshasa, DRC.
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Makenga Bof JC, Mansiangi P, Nsangi H, Mafuta É, Aujoulat I, and Coppieters Y
- Abstract
The success of community-directed treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) depends on active community participation. We conducted a case study nested in a cross-sectional study in the Binza Ozone Health Zone (ZS) in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, in order to investigate community's knowledges and perceptions of onchocerciasis and on all CDTI's aspects. We interviewed 106 people aged 20 and over, purposively selected, through eight individual interviews and 12 focus groups. Themes used for collecting data were drawn for the Health Belief Model and data were analyzed using a deductive thematic approach. The term onchocerciasis was unknown to participants who called it "Mbitiri", the little black fly, in their local language. This disease is seen as curse put on the sufferer by a witch and perceived as a threat because of the "Mbitiri" bites. The afflicted participants were reluctant to seek treatment and preferred traditional practitioners or healers. CDTI is considered devastating because of adverse effects of ivermectin as well as inefficient after occurrence of deaths. This explains the low level of community adhesion and participation to this strategy. Recruitment procedures for community distributors are poorly understood and awareness and health education campaigns are either non-existent or rarely carried out. Nevertheless, the latter should be regularly done.
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- 2019
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40. Epidemiology of circulating human influenza viruses from the Democratic Republic of Congo, 2015.
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Kavunga-Membo H, Nkwembe E, Simulundu E, Karhemere S, Babakazo P, Manya L, Kabamba J, Okitolonda E, Ahuka-Mundeke S, and Muyembe JJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Democratic Republic of the Congo epidemiology, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, Female, Humans, Infant, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype classification, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype drug effects, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype genetics, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype classification, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype drug effects, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype genetics, Influenza A virus classification, Influenza A virus drug effects, Influenza A virus genetics, Influenza B virus classification, Influenza B virus drug effects, Influenza B virus genetics, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Phylogeny, Sentinel Surveillance, Young Adult, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Influenza, Human virology
- Abstract
Introduction: The establishment of the influenza sentinel surveillance system in Kinshasa, Bas Congo, Maniema, Katanga, and Kasai Provinces allowed generation of important data on the molecular epidemiology of human influenza viruses circulating in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). However, some challenges still exist, including the need for extending the influenza surveillance to more provinces. This study describes the pattern of influenza virus circulating in DRC during 2015., Methodology: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from January to December 2015 from outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and in all hospitalized patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI). Molecular analysis was done to determine influenza type and subtype at the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) in Kinshasa using real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Analysis of antiviral resistance by enzyme inhibition assay and nucleotide sequencing was performed by the Collaborating center in the USA (CDC, Atlanta)., Results: Out of 2,376 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients, 218 (9.1%) were positive for influenza virus. Among the positive samples, 149 were characterized as influenza virus type A (Flu A), 67 as type B (Flu B) and 2 mixed infections (Flu A and B). Flu A subtypes detected were H3N2 and H1N1. The Yamagata strain of Flu B was detected among patients in the country. Individuals aged between 5 and 14 years accounted for the largest age group affected by influenza virus. All influenza viruses detected were found to be sensitive to antiviral drugs such as oseltamivar, zanamivir, peramivir and laninamivar., Conclusion: The present study documented the possible involvement of both circulation of Flu A and B viruses in human respiratory infection in certain DRC provinces during 2015. This study emphasises the need to extend the influenza surveillance to other provinces for a better understanding of the epidemiology of influenza in DRC. It is envisioned that such a system would lead to improved disease control and patient management., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2018
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41. [Association between the viruses of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the hepatitis C virus among young blood donors in Kinshasa: Retrospective analysis of 10 years].
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Sumbu BMM, Longo-Mbenza B, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Muwonga JM, Mvumbi-Lelo G, Maphana HM, Kayembe Nzongola-Nkasu D, and Kalumbu FM
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- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Comorbidity, Democratic Republic of the Congo epidemiology, Female, HIV Seropositivity epidemiology, HIV Seroprevalence, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Blood Donors statistics & numerical data, HIV Infections epidemiology, Hepatitis C epidemiology
- Abstract
Study Objectives: The screening of anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus antibodies is mandatory in every blood donor admitted to the Blood Bank of Kinshasa University Clinics since 1984. However, no compiled data are available to date. The objective of this study was to establish the trend, prevalence, viral co-infections, and determinants of Human Immunodeficiency anti-Virus serology in blood donors admitted between 2003-2006 and 2008-2013., Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out at University Kinshasa Clinics, using blood donors' records during 2003-2006 and 2008-2013. The prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus per year, age, sex and type of blood donors were estimated. Independent predictors of human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity were also identified., Results: Out of 26,341 blood donors, 2.2% (n=576/26,341) were seropositive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Age<25 years (OR=1.7; 95% CI: 1.4-2; P<0.0001) and Hepatitis C virus seropositivity (OR=3; 95% CI; 1.8-4.9; P<0.001) emerged as independent predictors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus seropositivity., Conclusion: This study shows a strong association between the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and hepatitis C and younger age respectively. Further studies are needed to ensure safety of Blood donation in Democratic Republic of Congo., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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42. [Determination of biological and entomological parameters of Anopheles gambiae sl in malaria transmission in Bandundu city, Democratic Republic of Congo].
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Matubi EM, Bukaka E, Luemba TB, Situakibanza H, Sangaré I, Mesia G, Ngoyi DM, Maniania NK, Akikwa CN, Kanza JP, Tamfum JJ, and Sudi JN
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- Animals, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Humans, Larva physiology, Linear Models, Anopheles parasitology, Insect Vectors parasitology, Malaria, Falciparum transmission, Plasmodium falciparum isolation & purification
- Published
- 2015
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43. [Neuropathies related to HIV/AIDS: a clinical study in patients infected with HIV a Centre of Excellence HIV/AIDS of the University of Lubumbashi].
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Kabongo JK, Kaputu-Kalala-Malu C, Luboya O, Mutombo V, Ntambwe A, Mapatano MA, and Mukendi KM
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- Adult, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Democratic Republic of the Congo epidemiology, Female, Hospitals, University, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuralgia etiology, HIV Infections drug therapy, Neuralgia epidemiology
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- 2015
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44. [Persistence of konzo epidemics in Kahemba, Democratic Republic of Congo: phenomenological and socio-economic aspects].
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Okitundu Luwa E-Andjafono D, Bumoko Makila-Mabe G, Ayanne MT, Kikandau JK, Mashukano N, Kazadi Kayembe T, Mumba Ngoyi D, Boivin MJ, Tamfum-Muyembe JJ, Banea Mayambu JP, and Tshala-Katumbay D
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child Nutrition Disorders epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cyanides urine, Democratic Republic of the Congo epidemiology, Developing Countries, Diet, Educational Status, Female, Housing, Humans, Infant, Infant Nutrition Disorders epidemiology, Male, Manihot chemistry, Paraparesis, Spastic economics, Paraparesis, Spastic etiology, Paraparesis, Spastic psychology, Paraparesis, Spastic urine, Poverty, Severity of Illness Index, Socioeconomic Factors, Superstitions, Thiocyanates urine, Disease Outbreaks, Manihot adverse effects, Paraparesis, Spastic epidemiology
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- 2014
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45. Diabetes and intermediate hyperglycaemia in Kisantu, DR Congo: a cross-sectional prevalence study.
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Muyer MT, Muls E, Mapatano MA, Makulo JR, Mvitu M, Kimenyembo W, Mandja BA, Kimbondo P, Bieleli CB, Kaimbo Wa Kaimbo D, and Buntinx F
- Abstract
Objectives: To study the prevalence and risk markers of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycaemia (IH) in Kisantu, a semirural town in Bas-Congo province, The Democratic Republic of Congo., Design: A cross-sectional population-based survey., Settings: A modified WHO STEPwise strategy was used. Capillary glycaemia was measured for fasting plasma glucose and 2-h-postload glucose. Both WHO/IDF (International Diabetes Federation) 2006 and American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2003 diagnostic criteria for diabetes and IH were used., Participants: 1898 subjects aged ≥ 20 years., Results: Response rate was 93.7%. Complete data were available for 1759 subjects (86.9%). Crude and standardised (for Doll and UN population) prevalence of diabetes were 4.8% and 4.0-4.2%. Crude IH prevalence was 5.8% (WHO/IDF) and 14.2% (ADA). Independent risk markers for diabetes (p<0.01) were male (OR 2.5), age 50-69 years (OR 2.6), family history (OR 3.5), waist (OR 4.1) and alcohol consumption (OR 0.36). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, prediction of diabetes was slightly better by waist than body mass index (BMI). IH defined according to WHO/IDF was associated with BMI (OR 2.6, p<0.001). IH defined according to ADA was associated (p<0.05) with waist (OR 1.4), education level (OR 1.6), BMI (OR 2.4) and physical activity (OR 0.7)., Conclusions: Current prevalence of diabetes in DR Congo exceeds IDF projections for 2030. The lower glucose threshold used by ADA almost triples impaired fasting glucose prevalence compared to WHO/IDF criteria. The high proportion of disorders of glycaemia made up by IH suggests the early stages of a diabetes epidemic.
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- 2012
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46. [Prevalence and determinants of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes in Kinshasa].
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Rissassi JR, Nseka M, Jadoul M, Lepira FB, Mvitu M, Mbenza G, Yekoladio D, Aloni M, and Nge OO
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- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Young Adult, Albuminuria epidemiology, Albuminuria etiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 urine
- Abstract
Aim: To determine the prevalence and determinants of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in type 1 Congolese diabetics aged less than 30 years., Methods: Cross sectional study (june-july 2008) at the Primary Health Care Center Boyambi in Kinshasa, The Democratic Republic of the Congo. HbA(1c) and urine albumin excretion (UAE) were measured by an enzyme immunoassay method. Determinants of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria were assessed by logistic regression., Results: One hundred and eighty-one type 1 diabetics (female gender: 61.3%) were included in this study. They were aged 19.1+/-5.8 years and were diabetics for 57.6+/-45.1 months. HbA(1c) was superior or equal to 10% in 88%, between 7 and 10% in 4% and inferior to 7% in 8%. Prevalence of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria was 21.9% and 7.3%, respectively. Diabetes duration superior to 5 years (OR: 4.1; 95% CI [1.9-8.4]), age superior to 18 years (OR: 2.9 [1.3-6.2]) and HbA(1c) superior to 10% (OR: 2.6 [1.1-6.4]) were independent determinants of pathological UAE., Conclusion: Microalbuminuria and even macroalbuminuria are very frequent in type 1 Congolese diabetics aged above or equal to 30 years, especially in those aged above 18 years and diabetics for more than 5 years. Improving diabetes control and treating microalbuminuria is urgently needed to prevent renal insufficiency among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes of The Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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- 2010
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47. [Calcium channel blockers in the elderly with hypertension].
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M'Buyamba Kabangu JR and Lusamba Dikassa D
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- Age Factors, Aged, Antihypertensive Agents adverse effects, Antihypertensive Agents metabolism, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Calcium Channel Blockers adverse effects, Calcium Channel Blockers metabolism, Humans, Placebos, Calcium Channel Blockers therapeutic use, Hypertension drug therapy
- Abstract
Administered alone, calcium entry blockers (CEB) are effective antihypertensive agents in the aged, and their blood pressure lowering action is similar to that of other antihypertensive drugs. CEB may be regarded as alternatives to diuretics in the elderly, and they should be used instead of diuretics when these are contraindicated. The effectiveness of CEB might be explained by some characteristics of old age, such as elevated mean blood pressure, reduced plasma renin activity, blunted sympathetic activity, altered drug pharmacokinetics and so forth. CEB appear to have a favourable metabolic profile and to be as safe in the elderly as in younger patients. The beneficial effects of CEB on mortality, morbidity and quality of life in geriatric hypertension still need to be established.
- Published
- 1991
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