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1. Higher parathyroid hormone levels are associated with increased below-the-knee arterial calcification in type 2 diabetes

Author

Aurélien Mary, O Bourron, Joe-Elie Salem, Sophie Liabeuf, Michel Brazier, Ziad A. Massy, Said Kamel, Carole E. Aubert, Philippe Cluzel, Salim Kemel, Romuald Mentaverri, A Hartemann, University of Versailles St.-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Diabétologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Service de Radiologie cardiovasculaire et interventionnelle [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Amiens-Picardie, and DESSAIVRE, Louise

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Parathyroid hormone, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 610 Medicine & health, Vascular Calcification, Vascular calcification, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Arterial calcification, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Parathyroid Hormone, Female, business
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

2. The nephrology crystal ball: the medium-term future

Author

María José Soler, Christoph Wanner, Giovambattista Capasso, Denis Fouque, Goce Spasovski, Ivan Rychlik, Annette Bruchfeld, Kate Stevens, Peter J. Blankestijn, Danilo Fliser, Dimitrios S. Goumenos, Ziad A. Massy, Carmine Zoccali, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), University of Versailles St.-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Zoccali, C., Blankestijn, P. J., Bruchfeld, A., Capasso, G., Fliser, D., Fouque, D., Goumenos, D., Massy, Z., Rychllk, I., Soler, M. J., Stevens, K., Spasovski, G., and Wanner, C.

Subjects
future, Nephrology, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, omic, 030232 urology & nephrology, Organ transplantation, Peritoneal dialysis, Nephrologists, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Renal Dialysis, private dialysi, Internal medicine, Nephrologist, medicine, Humans, Outpatient clinic, 030212 general & internal medicine, Dialysis, Transplantation, business.industry, medicine.disease, Kidney Transplantation, Family medicine, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Hemodialysis, business, Human, private dialysis, Kidney disease
Abstract

In January 2019, the ERA-EDTA surveyed nephrologists with questions on kidney care and kidney research designed to explore comprehension of the impact of alterations to organization of renal care and of advancements in technology and knowledge of kidney disease. Eight hundred and twenty-five ERA-EDTA members, ∼13% of the whole ERA-EDTA membership, replied to an ad hoc questionnaire. More than half of the respondents argued that kidney centres will be increasingly owned by large dialysis providers, nearly a quarter of respondents felt that many medical aspects of dialysis will be increasingly overseen by non-nephrologists and a quarter (24%) also believed that the care and long-term follow-up of kidney transplant patients will be increasingly under the responsibility of transplant physicians caring for patients with any organ transplant. Nearly half of the participants (45%, n = 367) use fully electronic clinical files integrating the clinical ward, the outpatient clinics, the haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis units, as well as transplantation. Smartphone-based self-management programmes for the care of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are scarcely applied (only 11% of surveyed nephrologists), but a substantial proportion of respondents (74%) are eager to know more about the potential usefulness of these apps. Finally, European nephrologists expressed a cautious optimism about the application of omic sciences to nephrology and on wearable and implantable kidneys, but their expectations for the medium term are limited.

Published
2019

3. Dairy consumption is associated with lower plasma dihydroceramides in women from the D.E.S.I.R. cohort

Author

A. Nicolas, B. Balkau, Ronan Roussel, Leonore Wigger, Soraya Fellahi, Michel Marre, Jean-Philippe Bastard, Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Christophe Magnan, Gilberto Velho, Mark Ibberson, Frédéric Fumeron, H. Le Stunff, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plastics and Rubber Engineering Department, Algerian Petroleum Institute, 35000 Boumerdes, Algeria, Algerian Petroleum Institute, Laboratoire de physiopathologie de la nutrition (LPN), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Paul Brousse-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), CHU Tenon [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Pathologie métabolique et hormonale du développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC - CHU Bichat, University of Versailles St.-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, Fumeron, Frédéric, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Center for Integrated Genomics, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et nutrition [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This research was supported by grants from CNIEL (National Interprofessional Center for theDairy Economy) and IMIDIA (Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking) (grantagreement no. 155005).The D.E.S.I.R. study has been funded by INSERM contracts with Caisse nationale del'assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés (CNAMTS), Lilly, Novartis Pharma, andSanofi-Aventis, INSERM (Réseaux en Santé Publique, Interactions entre les déterminants dela santé, Cohortes Santé TGIR 2008), the Association Diabète Risque Vasculaire, theFédération Française de Cardiologie, La Fondation de France, Association de LangueFrançaise pour l'Etude du Diabète et des Maladies Métaboliques (ALFEDIAM)/SociétéFrancophone de Diabétologie (SFD), l'Office National Interprofessionnel des Vins (ONIVINS), Ardix Medical, Bayer Diagnostics, Becton Dickinson, Cardionics, Merck Santé, Novo Nordisk, Pierre Fabre, Roche, Topcon, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
Adult, Longitudinal study, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Ceramides, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Animal science, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, 2. Zero hunger, Consumption (economics), 0303 health sciences, Total plasma, business.industry, Incidence, Confounding, General Medicine, Middle Aged, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Diet, Lower incidence, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cohort, Female, Dairy Products, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Aim In the D.E.S.I.R. cohort, higher consumption of dairy products was associated with lower incidence of hyperglycaemia, and dihydroceramide concentrations were higher in those who progressed to diabetes. Our aim here was to study the relationships between dairy consumption and concentrations of dihydroceramides and ceramides. Methods In the D.E.S.I.R. cohort, men and women aged 30–65 years, volunteers from West-Central France, were included in a 9-year follow-up with examinations every 3 years, including food-frequency questionnaires. Two items concerned dairy products (cheese, other dairy products except cheese). At each examination, dihydroceramides and ceramides were determined by mass spectrometry in a cohort subset; in the present study, the 105 people who did not progress to type 2 diabetes were analyzed, as the disorder per se might be a confounding factor. Results Higher consumption of dairy products (except cheese) was associated with total plasma dihydroceramides during the follow-up, but only in women (P = 0.01 for gender interaction). In fact, dihydroceramide levels were lower in women with high vs low consumption (P = 0.03), and were significantly increased during follow-up (P = 0.01) in low consumers only. There was also a trend for lower ceramides in women with high dairy (except cheese) intakes (P = 0.08). Cheese was associated with dihydroceramide and ceramide changes during follow-up (P = 0.04 for both), but no clear trend was evident in either low or high consumers. Conclusion These results show that, in women, there is an inverse association between fresh dairy product consumption and predictive markers (dihydroceramides) of type 2 diabetes.

Published
2019

4. Impact of sex and glucose-lowering treatments on hypoglycaemic symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. The French Chronic Kidney Disease – Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (CKD-REIN) Study

Author

L. Frimat, Christian Jacquelinet, Serge Briançon, Denis Fouque, Elodie Speyer, Fabrizio Andreelli, R. Pisoni, Carole Ayav, Ziad A. Massy, Bénédicte Stengel, Maurice Laville, Beverley Balkau, Marie Metzger, Christian Combe, University of Versailles St.-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, Service de Diabétologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Néphrologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Service de Néphrologie-transplantation-dialyse [Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre d'investigation clinique - Epidémiologie clinique [Nancy] (CIC-EC), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, CKD REIN, Service de diabétologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Databases, Factual, Epidemiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Renal function, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Chronic kidney disease, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Diabetic Nephropathies, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Information Services, business.industry, Insulin, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Metformin, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Albuminuria, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Sex, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, medicine.symptom, Glucose lowering treatments, business, Hypoglycaemia, medicine.drug, Kidney disease
Abstract

Aim To describe current practices of glucose-lowering treatments in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD), the associated glucose control and hypoglycaemic symptoms, with an emphasis on sex differences. Methods Among the 3033 patients with CKD stages 3–5 recruited into the French CKD-REIN study, 645 men and 288 women had type 2 diabetes and were treated by glucose-lowering drugs. Results Overall, 31% were treated only with insulin, 28% with combinations of insulin and another drug, 42% with non-insulin glucose-lowering drugs. In CKD stage 3, 40% of patients used metformin, 12% at stages 4&5, similar for men and women; in CKD stage 3, 53% used insulin, similar for men and women, but at stages 4&5, 59% of men and 77% of women used insulin. Patients were reasonably well controlled, with a median HbA1c of 7.1% (54 mmol/mol) in men, 7.4% (57 mmol/mol) in women (P = 0.0003). Hypoglycaemic symptoms were reported by 40% of men and 59% of women; they were not associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate, nor with albuminuria or with HbA1c in multivariable analyses, but they were more frequent in people treated with insulin, particularly with fast-acting and pre-mixed insulins. Conclusion Glucose-lowering treatment, HbA1c and hypoglycaemic symptoms were sex dependent. Metformin use was similar in men and women, but unexpectedly low in CKD stage 3; its use could be encouraged rather than resorting to insulin. Hypoglycaemic symptoms were frequent and need to be more closely monitored, with appropriate patient-education, especially in women.

Published
2019

5. Polluants organiques persistants et risque de diabète de type 2

Author

Jérémie, Botton, Ruaux, Nathalie, University of Versailles St.-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, and PNR EST

Subjects
[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, PCB, dyslipidémie, polluant organique persistant, génome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], polluant, toxicologie, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], obésité, polychlorobiphényles, épidémiologie, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, métabolisme, pesticide, diabète
Abstract

Des études épidémiologiques transversales et quelques études prospectives en population générale semblent généralement mettre en évidence des associations entre polluants organiques persistants (POP) et diabète, mais le niveau de preuve est encore discuté, en raison de l’ampleur incertaine du risque et d’un mécanisme d’action qui reste à clarifier.

Published
2016

6. Motor function in the elderly: evidence for the reserve hypothesis

Author

Séverine Sabia, Julien Dumurgier, Alexis Elbaz, Christophe Tzourio, Pavla Vicente-Vytopilova, Bernard Mazoyer, Archana Singh-Manoux, Béatrice Tavernier, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Social and Occupational Determinants of Health, Villejuif, University of Versailles St.-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK, Inserm U708, Neuroepidemiology, Paris and Bordeaux, Service de médecine gériatrique (CHU de Dijon - Centre gériatrique de Champmaillot - EHPAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CMRR Paris Nord Ile-de-France, Lariboisiere Fernand Widal Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Diderot, Paris, Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (GIN - UMR 5296), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre de Gérontologie, Hôpital Ste Périne, AP-HP, Paris, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, SZTAJNBOK, Pascale, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London [London] (UCL), Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche Paris Nord Ile-de-France (CMRR), Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Gérontologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Sainte Perine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service Epidémiologie, The 3C Study is conducted under a partnership agreement between theInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), theVictor Segalen-Bordeaux II University, and the Sanofi-Synthélabo Com-pany. The Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale funded the preparationand initiation of the study. The 3C Study is also supported by the CaisseNationale Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés, Direction Générale de laSanté, Institut National de Prévention et d’Education pour la Santé(INPES), Conseils Régionaux of Bourgogne, Fondation de France, Min-istry of Research-INSERM Program Cohortes et collections de donnéesbiologiques, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, Institut de laLongévité, Conseil Général de la Côte d’or, Fondation Plan Alzheimer, Hal, GIN, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
Gerontology, Male, Aging, Poison control, Walking, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Cognitive Reserve, Medicine, MESH: Aging, 030212 general & internal medicine, Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Cohort Studies, Cognitive reserve, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognitive ageing, Cognition, MESH: Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Motor Skills, Educational Status, Female, France, Gait disorders, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Motor control, Risk factors in epidemiology, MESH: Walking, Humans, Aged, MESH: Humans, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, MESH: Cognitive Reserve, Anthropometry, Confidence interval, Hyperintensity, MESH: Male, Preferred walking speed, MESH: France, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), business, MESH: Educational Status, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography, MESH: Motor Skills
Abstract

International audience; The reserve hypothesis accounts for the lack of direct relationship between brain pathology and its clinical manifestations. Research has mostly focused on cognition; our objective is to examine whether the reserve hypothesis applies to motor function. We investigated whether education, a marker of reserve, modifies the association between white matter lesions (WMLs), a marker of vascular brain damage, and maximum walking speed (WS), an objective measure of motor function. We also examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between education and WS. Data are from 4,010 participants aged 65-85 years in the longitudinal Three-City-Dijon Study with up to 4 WS measures over 10 years. We examined the interaction between education and WMLs for baseline WS. We studied the association between education and repeated WS measures using linear mixed models, and the role of covariates in explaining the education-WS association. Education was strongly associated with baseline WS; the difference in mean WS between the high and low education groups (0.145 m/s, 95% confidence interval = 0.125-0.165) was equivalent to 7.4 years of age. WMLs were associated with slow WS only in the low education group (p interaction = 0.026). WS declined significantly over time (-0.194 m/s/10 years, 95% confidence interval = -0.206, -0.182), but education did not influence rate of decline. Anthropometric characteristics, parental education, general health, and cognition had the strongest role in explaining the baseline education-WS association. Participants with more education were less susceptible to WMLs' effect on motor function. Higher education was associated with better motor performances but not with motor decline. These results are consistent with the passive reserve hypothesis.

Published
2013

7. Role of obesity in differences in cervical cancer screening rates by migration history. The CONSTANCES survey.

Author

Crampe-Casnabet C, Franck JE, Ringa V, Coeuret-Pellicer M, Chauvin P, and Menvielle G

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Demography, Early Detection of Cancer statistics & numerical data, Emigrants and Immigrants psychology, Female, France epidemiology, Health Behavior, Humans, Middle Aged, Obesity psychology, Overweight psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms epidemiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms psychology, Young Adult, Body Mass Index, Emigrants and Immigrants statistics & numerical data, Obesity complications, Overweight complications, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis
Abstract

Background: Immigrant women often have lower cervical cancer screening (CCS) rates, tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) and may be more vulnerable to BMI-related stigmatization. Our aim was to assess the role of BMI in differences in CCS rates by migration history., Methods: Analyses were based on the 2012-2015 inclusion data (n = 27,226) for the population-based CONSTANCES cohort, including detailed, self-reported information on demographics and socioeconomic characteristics, migration history, health behaviours, health, and health care use. Measured BMI (underweight (<18.5), normal-weight (18.5-25), overweight (25-30), obese (>30)) was collected. Poisson regression models with robust variance were conducted to assess the contribution of BMI to differences in CCS rates by migration history, and analyses stratified by BMI were done. Multiple imputations were performed., Results: The CCS rates ranged from 87% among French-born women with two French parents to 86% among French-born women with at least one parent of foreign origin, 82% among naturalized immigrants and 74% among non-naturalized immigrants. After adjusting for covariates, non-naturalized immigrants showed an 11% (95% CI: 8%-14%) lower CCS rate than French-born women with two French parents. Adjusting for BMI did not change the estimates. When stratifying by BMI category, non-naturalized immigrants showed an 11% (7%-14%) lower CCS rate then French-born with two French parents when normal weight, a 9% (2%-16%) lower CCS rate when overweight, and an 18% (5%-30%) lower CCS rate when obese., Conclusion: Migration history and BMI jointly impact CCS rates. They were lower among all non-naturalized immigrants, particularly those who were obese., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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8. Exposure to chlorinated solvents and lung cancer: results of the ICARE study.

Author

Mattei F, Guida F, Matrat M, Cenée S, Cyr D, Sanchez M, Radoi L, Menvielle G, Jellouli F, Carton M, Bara S, Marrer E, Luce D, and Stücker I

Subjects
Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, France epidemiology, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Carcinogens, Lung Neoplasms epidemiology, Methylene Chloride adverse effects, Occupational Exposure, Solvents adverse effects, Tetrachloroethylene adverse effects, Trichloroethylene adverse effects
Abstract

Objective: To investigate the role of occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents in lung cancer aetiology., Methods: ICARE (Investigation of occupational and environmental CAuses of REspiratory cancers) is a French, multicentre, population-based, case-control study. Information on the lifelong work history of 2926 cases and 3555 controls was collected using standardised questionnaires. Occupational exposures were assessed using job-exposure matrices for five chlorinated solvents. Solvents were studied separately and in combinations. ORs were computed using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for classic risk factors, including a history of cigarette smoking and exposure to asbestos. Adjustment for socioeconomic status (SES) was also made., Results: After adjustment for exposure to asbestos, we observed a positive, statistically significant association with lung cancer for men and women exposed to a combination of perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene and dichloromethane (DCM). Further adjustment for SES slightly decreased this association. In contrast, no statistically significant associations were found for other solvent combinations., Conclusions: These results suggest that exposure to PCE may constitute a risk factor for lung cancer, especially among women, who seem to have a higher prevalence of exposure than men., (Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.)

Published
2014
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