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Even though there are significant developments in recent years in medical education, physicians are still needed reform and innovation in order to prepare the information society. The spots in the forefront of medical education in recent years; holistic approach in all processes, including health education, evidence-based medicine and professionalism. Medical education; undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education covering the period varies from country to country for the duration of this period. Increasing day pursuing the importance of medical education and student-centered education and is spread across the country as well as in blended learning model that includes educational centered education. Medical faculty, students and teaching staff should be informed about innovations and developments should offer opportunities for that matter, should support administrative and economic necessarily.

Even though there are significant developments in recent years in medical education, physicians are still needed reform and innovation in order to prepare the information society. The spots in the forefront of medical education in recent years; holistic approach in all processes, including health education, evidence-based medicine and professionalism. Medical education; undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education covering the period varies from country to country for the duration of this period. Increasing day pursuing the importance of medical education and student-centered education and is spread across the country as well as in blended learning model that includes educational centered education. Medical faculty, students and teaching staff should be informed about innovations and developments should offer opportunities for that matter, should support administrative and economic necessarily.

Objective: The aim of this research is to examine the characteristics of mushroom poisoning (MP) seen in Turkey and to evaluate the results of clinical studies conducted on this subject in the last 20 years. Methods: Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus databases were scanned with the phrases "mushroom poisoning, mushroom poisoning in Turkey". 17 studies including sample volume, gender distribution, age average, complaint to the health institution, transplantation and full recovery rates were included in the analysis. In statistical data, random effects model was used. Results: 17 different studies have been identified which give the average age of MP cases, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain symptoms, liver and kidney failure, complete recovery and transpantation rates. The average age in studies involving MP cases was 38.2 years (95Cl% 36.1-40.3). The average age determined as to whether the family members are adults, elderly or childhood is as expected. Conclusions: Although the rates of admission to hospital according to gender distribution of MP patients are similar, the signs and symptoms at admission, the distribution of liver and kidney failure, and the rates of complete remission after transplantation vary significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Family health centers (FHCs) are reimbursed for their current expenditures based on a classification of four clusters in Turkey. This study compared the coordination, comprehensiveness, continuity, accessibility, and the first contact of care among different reimbursement FHC groups. Methods: The data were obtained from the Turkish data of the Quality and Costs of Primary Care in Europe study. Data was collected in provinces from six geographical regions. Physicians and patients from Classes A and B FHCs were called the first group, and others were called the second group. Results: A total of 296 physicians and 2623 patients were enrolled. According to the reimbursement groups, 593 (22.6%) patients received services from the first group and 2012 (77.4%) patients from the second group. The first contact with care and the admission frequency of 3 or more in the last six months were higher in the first group (respectively, 99.2% vs. 97.7%, p=0.027; 55.4% vs. 49.6%, p=0.015). Conclusion: The reimbursement classification did not make a difference in coordination, comprehensive care, continuity, accessibility, and being the first contact of care. Therefore, the current classification does not contribute to improving the quality of primary care in terms of service provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND : Recent studies reveal that a high percentage (over 50%) of episodes for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are treated with antibiotics, regardless of appropriateness or the necessity for prescription. We identified antibiotic prescriptions in a primary health care centre (PHC) and evaluated their suitability for sore throat infections. We also explored whether symptoms, signs, diagnosis and antibiotics prescribed differed by gender. PATIENTS AND METHODS : We collected data on all patients visiting the centre over a period of 12 weeks with a main complaint of sore throat who were prescribed antibiotics after taking a blood count and throat culture. Patients older than 16 years of age were included in the study irrespective of sex, nationality, marital status, occupation or location of residence. The chi square (χ2 ) statistical test was used in comparing categorical variables. A P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS : During the period of study, 579 patients with URTIs presented to the health centre, from which 339 patients with a sore throat were enrolled. Of the study group, 48.7% (165) were male and 51.3% (174) female, with the majority of patients being under 30 years old (54.3%). Throat cultures were positive in 56 patients (16.5%). Most of patients were diagnosed as having pharyngitis (22.7%), and the most frequently prescribed medicine was an oral penicillin (39.1%). Two hundred eight-six patients (84.4%) had 2 or fewer Centor criteria. CONCLUSIONS : Throat cultures were positive in only 16.5% of the patients prescribed antibiotics. This indicates that physicians in the health centre of the university are prescribing antibiotics inappropriately and inconsistently. This also highlights the need for more prescriber education, especially as the range of medications available to the general practitioner for prescribing increases.

Abstract Background Residents are one of the key stakeholders of specialty training. The Turkish Board of Family Medicine wanted to pursue a realistic and structured approach in the design of the specialty training programme. This approach required the development of a needs-based core curriculum built on evidence obtained from residents about their needs for specialty training and their needs in the current infrastructure. The aim of this study was to obtain evidence on residents' opinions and views about Family Medicine specialty training. Methods This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The board prepared a questionnaire to investigate residents' views about some aspects of the education programme such as duration and content, to assess the residents' learning needs as well as their need for a training infrastructure. The questionnaire was distributed to the Family Medicine Departments (n = 27) and to the coordinators of Family Medicine residency programmes in state hospitals (n = 11) by e-mail and by personal contact. Results A total of 191 questionnaires were returned. The female/male ratio was 58.6%/41.4%. Nine state hospitals and 10 university departments participated in the study. The response rate was 29%. Forty-five percent of the participants proposed over three years for the residency duration with either extensions of the standard rotation periods in pediatrics and internal medicine or reductions in general surgery. Residents expressed the need for extra rotations (dermatology 61.8%; otolaryngology 58.6%; radiology 52.4%). Fifty-nine percent of the residents deemed a rotation in a private primary care centre necessary, 62.8% in a state primary care centre with a proposed median duration of three months. Forty-seven percent of the participants advocated subspecialties for Family Medicine, especially geriatrics. The residents were open to new educational methods such as debates, training with models, workshops and e-learning. Participation in courses and congresses was considered necessary. The presence of a department office and the clinical competency of the educators were more favored by state residents. Conclusions This study gave the Board the chance to determine the needs of the residents that had not been taken into consideration sufficiently before. The length and the content of the programme will be revised according to the needs of the residents.

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background The subject of infertility has taken its place in the health sector at the top level. Since primary health care services are insufficient, most people, especially women, keep on suffering from it all over the world, namely in underdeveloped or developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine primary care physicians' opinions about the approach to infertility cases and their place within primary health care services (PHCSs). Methods The study was conducted between October 2003 and April 2004. The study group comprised 748 physicians working in PHCSs. They were asked to fill in a questionnaire with questions pertaining to infertility support, laboratory and treatment algorithms, as well as the demographic characteristics. The data was evaluated using the chi square test, percentage rates and a logistic regression model. Results The multivariate analyses showed that having a previous interest in infertility and having worked for a postgraduate period of between 5–9 years and ≥10 years were the variables that most positively influenced them in their approach to cases of infertility (p < 0.05, each one). Just 28.7% of the physicians indicated that they believed cases of infertility could be evaluated at the primary care level. The most frequently proposed reason for indicating 'difficulty in practice' (n = 533) was inadequate provision of equipment in PHCSs (55.7%). The physicians reported that they were able to perform most of the supportive treatments and proposals (between 64.6%–87.7%). The most requested laboratory investigations were the instruction of patients in taking basal body temperatures and semen analysis (89.7% and 88.7%, respectively). The most preferential course of treatment was that of sexually transmitted diseases (95.5%). Conclusion It is clear that not enough importance is attached to the provision of care to infertile couples within PHCSs. This leads us to conclude that an integration of infertility services in primary care would be appropriate after strengthening the PHCSs.

Copyright of Konuralp Medical Journal / Konuralp Tip Dergisi is the property of Duzce University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To examine the prevalence of comorbid conditions in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia., Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey, and comprised data of fibromyalgia patients aged 18 years or more admitted between January 1, 2012 and August 15, 2016. Hospital's database was investigated using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes to identify fibromyalgia cases and predetermined comorbid conditions. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis., Results: Of 509 patients, 51(10%) were males and 458(90%) were females with an overall mean age of 50.24±12.32 years. Of the total, 345(67.8%) patients had at least one comorbid disease, while 164(32.2%) had no comorbid disease. The most prevalent condition was cardiovascular diseases in 187(36.7%) patients followed by endocrine diseases in 157(30.8%)., Conclusions: Fibromyalgia is a disease that is seen to be increasing in frequency in recent years. It is useful to evaluate fibromyalgia patients with their comorbid conditions on their follow-up.

Objectives: Mushroom poisoning (MP) is one of the world's leading seasonal and regional health problems. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between clinical factors and outcomes of mushroom poisoning., Methods: The study was conducted in the emergency department. The patients who presented between January 1st, 1991 and December 31, 2010 were retrospectively reviewed., Results: 599 MP cases were enrolled into the statistical analysis. The elderly group had a higher rate of mortality (8.8%) and complications (12.3%) (p=0.005) (OR 3.98, 95% CI: 1.9291 to 8.2290; p=0.0002). The patients who presented in summer had a higher rate of mortality (9.5%) and complications (11.9%) (p≤0.001). (OR: 3.83, 95% CI 1.7068 to 8.6074, p=0.0011). The rate of mortality and complications in patients who had eaten self-harvested wild mushrooms (WM) was 6.8%, while those who purchased WM had a mortality and complication rate of 15.2% (p=0.016), (Purchased WM OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.1609 to 5.2353, p=0.0189). The rate of mortality and complications in the patients who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms was 9.9% (OR: 3.98, 95% CI 1.5503 to 10.2679; p=0.0041)., Conclusions: Factors such as being elderly, summer season, purchased WM, and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly associated with mortality and complications in our study.

This paper outlines the development of family medicine in seven Middle Eastern countries. Some of the first family medicine activity occurred in Turkey in 1961, in Bahrain in 1978, in Lebanon in 1979, in Jordan in 1981, and in Kuwait in 1983. Family medicine programs have also been established in Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Libya, and Iraq. In most programs, family medicine training occurs largely in hospitals, even though few Middle Eastern family physicians practice in hospitals after completion of residency training. Thus, there is a need for better outpatient training, but resistance from those responsible for traditional medical education makes it difficult to change the current model of family medicine education. There is also need for better opportunities for professional development after graduation and for establishing research activity in family medicine.

Human beings are exposed to countless extraordinary events provoked by the nature or by themselves. When the available resources fail to satisfy the medical needs of numerous injured people and patients in such circumstances, triage application which means "selecting, sorting" is indispensable. This paper examines the medical ethics evaluation of triage and its position in Islam.