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Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra was in the Sevillian town of Carmona in 1590, and perhaps also in 1593, when he was serving King Philip II and his general suppliers as royal commissioner of supplies, in order to obtain olive oil, wheat and other provisions for the supply of the Royal Armies. At the end of the nineteenth-century, Jorge Bonsor, an English archaeologist and historian, found in the Municipal Archives of Carmona an autograph letter from Cervantes dated 12 February 1590. In it, the commissioner requested the collaboration of the city council in obtaining 4,000 arrobas of olive oil. In the mid-twentiethcentury, Luis Astrana Marín discovered around twenty previously unpublished documents related to this commission in the notarial records of Carmona. Now, seventy years after Astrana, we have been able to locate another twelve unpublished notarial documents related to Cervantes and Carmona in the Provincial Historical Archive of Seville, which provide us with more details about the olive oil collection of 1590, and which are published in this journal for the first time., Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra estuvo en la sevillana ciudad de Carmona en 1590, y quizás también en 1593, cuando prestaba sus servicios al rey Felipe II y a sus proveedores generales en calidad de comisario real de abastos, con el fin de obtener aceite, trigo y otras provisiones para el abastecimiento de las Armadas Reales. A finales del siglo XIX, Jorge Bonsor, arqueólogo e historiador inglés, halló en el Archivo Municipal de Carmona una carta autógrafa de Cervantes fechada el 12 de febrero de 1590. En ella, el comisario solicitaba la colaboración del Concejo de la ciudad para conseguir 4000 arrobas de aceite. A mediados del siglo XX, Luis Astrana Marín descubrió entre los protocolos notariales de Carmona una veintena de documentos, hasta entonces inéditos, relacionados con dicha comisión. Ahora, setenta años después que Astrana, hemos podido localizar en el Archivo Histórico Provincial de Sevilla otros doce documentos notariales, hasta ahora inéditos, relacionados con Cervantes y Carmona, que nos ofrecen más detalles sobre la recogida de aceite de 1590, los cuales se publican en esta revista por vez primera.

از نیمه دوم سده نوزدهم آگاهی ایرانیان از آمریکا و تحولات این کشور در حوزه‌های مختلف گسترش یافت. این آگاهی حاصل اخبار و اطلاعاتی بود که بیشتر در مطبوعات داخل و خارج کشور منتشر می‌شد. یکی از حوزه‌هایی که توجه مطبوعات قاجاریه را به خود معطوف داشته بود، اقتصاد کشاورزی آمریکا و الگوبرداری از آن با هدف جبران عقب ماندگی ایران در این حوزه بود. مقاله حاضر با روش توصیفی، تحلیلی و با تکیه بر مطبوعات، و اسناد منتشر نشده درصدد تبیین دلایل توجه مطبوعات قاجاریه به اقتصاد کشاورزی آمریکا و پاسخ به این سوال است که واکنش دولتمردان ایرانی به تحولات کشاورزی آمریکا چه بود و این تحولات چه تأثیر و پیامدهایی بر اقتصاد ایران گذاشت؟ یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که پیشرفت سریع کشاورزی آمریکا اساس توجه ترقی‌خواهان ایرانی به این حوزه مهم بود. پژوهش حاضر همچنین نشان می‌دهد که دولتمردان قاجاریه درصدد الگوبرداری از دگرگونی‌های صورت گرفته در ساختار کشاورزی آن کشور برآمدند و در این راستا نسبت به انعقاد قراردادهایی با آمریکا جهت پیشرفت کشاورزی ایران، اعزام دانشجو به آن کشور جهت تحصیل در رشته کشاورزی و فلاحت، و همچنین استخدام متخصصین و مستشاران، وارد کردن ابزار و ماشین‌آلات کشاورزی و بذر و گیاهان مختلف از آن کشور به ایران اقداماتی صورت گرفت.

Desde mediados del siglo XVIII, la explotación comercial de lobos marinos comenzó a transformarse en un negocio global. La naturaleza extractiva de las operaciones provocó que los cazadores expandieran continuamente su rango de acción. De este modo, desde finales del siglo XVIII, los loberos operaron activamente sobre diversas áreas del Atlántico Sur. La explotación comercial de lobos marinos en Tierra del Fuego alcanzó dimensiones importantes en el siglo XIX. A pesar de ello, los estudios efectuados hasta el momento resultan escasos. En este artículo describimos los primeros pasos de un proyecto que contempla estudiar sistemáticamente la actividad lobera en Tierra del Fuego desde la arqueología histórica. Por un lado, referimos al abordaje de documentos inéditos. Por el otro, consideramos el estudio de materiales históricos ya recolectados o excavados, y la planificación y ejecución de tareas de campo en un área acotada de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego.

During the 1620s Girolamo Frescobaldi held the post of organist at St Peter’s in Rome concurrently with that of organist at the Ospedale di Santo Spirito. Both jobs had substantial duties. In this article, the three main requirements of the organist at Santo Spirito—to play for Mass and Vespers, the Saturday litanies and in the hospital ward at meal times—provide the means both for reconstructing part of the daily schedule at Santo Spirito and for tracing Frescobaldi’s activities. The identity of Nicolò Cochi, who frequently signed for Frescobaldi’s salary at St Peter’s, is investigated; previously unpublished documents from the Ospedale archive and financial records are compared; and some conclusions reached as to how a musician such as Frescobaldi could successfully hold dual, if not multiple employments. At the same time, new information about liturgical practice at the Ospedale di Santo Spirito is presented.

Este artículo revisa la intervención de los ingenieros militares Agustín Crame y Juan Martín Cermeño en los proyectos de reforma y reconstrucción del castillo de San Pedro de la Roca de Santiago de Cuba que siguieron a la ruina parcial de la fortificación tras el terremoto del 11 de junio de 1766. Mediante el análisis de documentación inédita será posible conocer los pormenores de los proyectos y así aclarar el grado de intervención de los ingenieros en el resultado final de los trabajos.

El artículo tiene por objetivo estudiar parte de los efectos del proceso de circulación de los saberes médicos en la jurisdicción de Córdoba –gobernación del Tucumán– a fines del siglo XVI y principios del XVII. Para ello, se indaga en los entornos materiales de las prácticas médicas y en el conjunto de los oficiales que actuaron en el marco de dichos entornos, mediante un microanálisis anclado en documentos inéditos procedentes del Fondo de Justicia del Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Córdoba y en las ediciones de las Actas del Cabildo de la ciudad. Se sostiene que en los espacios de curación distinguibles en la jurisdicción cordobesa del período delimitado se conformó un repertorio de saberes en el cual la etiología humoral articuló conocimientos de procedencia más bien erudita con otros que formaban parte del saber-hacer de cada oficial adquiridos mediante la práctica directa. The aim of this article is to study part of the effects of the process of the circulation of medical knowledge in the jurisdiction of Córdoba –governorate of Tucumán– at the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century. To do this, an investigation was conducted into the material environments of medical practices and the group of officials who acted within the framework of said environments, through a microanalysis anchored in unpublished documents from the Justice Fund of the Historical Archive of the Province of Córdoba and in the editions of the Acts of the City Council. It is argued that in the distinguishable healing spaces in the jurisdiction of Córdoba in the period mentioned, a repository of knowledge was created in which the humoral aetiology linked knowledge of an erudite origin with that which was part of the know-how of each officer, acquired through direct practice. Cet article se propose d’étudier un certain nombre d’effets dus au processus de circulation des savoirs médicaux dans la juridiction de Córdoba –gouvernorat du Tucumán– à la fin du XVIe siècle et le début du XVIIe siècle. Pour ce faire, on s’interroge sur les environnements matériels des pratiques médicales et sur l’ensemble des officiers qui y agissaient, et ce au travers d’une mico-analyse ancrée dans des documents inédits conservés dans le Fondo de Justicia del Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Córdoba ainsi que dans les Actes du Cabildo de la même ville. On propose que dans les espaces de guérison de la juridiction de Córdoba, à l’époque étudiée, un répertoire de savoirs s’est conformé, répertoire dans lequel l’étiologie humorale a articulé des connaissances érudites avec d’autres qui faisaient partie du savoir-faire propre à chaque officier et avaient été acquis directement dans la pratique. Fil: Tapia, Justo Roque. Centro de Estudios Históricos "Profesor Carlos S. A. Segreti". Instituto de Estudios Históricos - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Estudios Históricos; Argentina

Resumo Neste artigo apresentamos o Centro de Memória da Paróquia de Nossa Senhora da Conceição e da Irmandade Nossa Senhora da Conceição, da Freguesia de Vassouras, a partir da organização dos livros de registros e processos de matrimônio e administrativos desta Freguesia criada em 1837. Justificamos a necessidade da criação deste espaço de pesquisa, devido ao número crescente de pesquisas científicas relacionadas ao Vale do Paraíba Fluminense nas duas últimas décadas, especialmente sobre a cidade de Vassouras-RJ. Para inclusão de documentos inéditos no Acervo, aplicamos a mesma metodologia desenvolvida pelo Centro de Documentação Histórica da Universidade Severino Sombra (CDH/USS), uma vez que a codificação da documentação já foi citada em trabalhos de pesquisa durante o tempo em que ficou no CDH e posteriormente no IPHAN. O principal embasamento teórico está em Michel Foucault e Jacques Le Goff, que “a partir do modo como se fez no século XX a crítica da noção do facto histórico, que não é um objeto que surge concluído visto resultar da construção do historiador, assim se faz hoje a crítica da noção de documento, que não é um documento bruto, objetivo e inocente, mas que exprime o poder da sociedade do passado sobre a memória e o futuro: o documento é um monumento”. E completam que “o próprio arquivo dos documentos sofreu uma revolução com o recurso ao computador”. Com principal resultado temos a disponibilização do acervo online e a garantia desse acesso para pesquisadores e interessados na história desta região do Vale do Paraíba Fluminense. Palavras-chave: Preservação. Metodologia de Organização de Acervo. Igreja Católica. Abstratc We present in this work the Memory Center of the Parish of Our Lady of the Conception and the Brotherhood of Our Lady of the Conception, of the Parish of Vassouras, from the organization of the books of records and processes of matrimony and administrative of this Parish created in 1837. We justify the necessity of the creation of this research space, due to the growing number of scientific researches related to the Paraíba River Valley (Southern Rio de Janeiro) in the last two decades, especially on the city of Vassouras-RJ. For inclusion of unpublished documents in the Collection, we apply the same methodology developed by the Historical Documentation Center of Severino Sombra University (CDH / USS), since the codification of the documentation was already cited in research papers during the time it was in the HRC and later at IPHAN. The main theoretical basis is in Michel Foucault and Jacques Le Goff, who "from the way in the twentieth century the criticism of the notion of historical fact, which is not an object that arises concluded as a result of the construction of the historian, today criticizes the notion of a document, which is not a crude, objective and innocent document, but which expresses the power of society of the past over memory and the future: the document is a monument. " And they add that "the document file itself underwent a revolution with the use of the computer". With main result we have the availability of the online collection and the guarantee of this access for researchers and interested in the history of this region of the Paraíba River Valley (Southern Rio de Janeiro). Keywords: Preservation. Collection Organization Methodology. Catholic Church.

espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es dilucidar el grado de castellanizacion y la posible la pervivencia de rasgos autoctonos propios de la oralidad local asturiana a partir de un importante numero de documentos notariales asturianos del siglo XVII. El corpus esta constituido por documentos originales, manuscritos e ineditos que recogen relaciones de bienes materiales (testamentos, cartas de arras, inventarios, donaciones, etc.). EnglishThe objective of this article/paper is to clarify the degree of Castilianization and the possible survival of indigenous features typical of the local Asturian orality from a large number of seventeenth century Asturian notary documents. The corpus consistsof original, manuscripts and unpublished documents that collect relationships of material goods (wills, letters of arras, inventories, donations, etc.)

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el estudio de voces y expresiones utilizadas para especificar el estado de las propiedades que se inventarían y que hemos registrado en documentos notariales asturianos del siglo XVII. El corpus está constituido por documentos originales, manuscritos e inéditos que recogen relaciones de bienes materiales (testamentos, cartas de arras, inventarios, donaciones, etc.), reunidos en el CorLexIn.The main objective of this article / paper is the analysis of voices and expressions used to specify the state of the properties that would be invented and that we have recorded in seventeenth century Asturian notary documents. The corpus consists of original documents, manuscripts and unpublished documents that collect list/records of material goods (wills, bridal dowry letters (“arras”), inventories, donations, etc.), gathered in the CorLexIn.

Los retablos de la iglesia colegial de la abadía del Sacro Monte son fiel testimonio de los avatares que sufrió durante los siglos XVII y XVIII, como consecuencia de la defensa de los libros plúmbeos. En este artículo, a través de documentos inéditos, además de su iconografía, conocemos a los artistas que intervinieron en ellos, desde Miguel Cano o Pedro de Raxis, hasta Francisco de Paula Castillo y Pedro Valero. También ponderamos la ingente labor de patrocinio y mecenazgo llevada a cabo por sus abades y canónigos, entre otros, Pedro de Ávila y Francisco de Barahona en el XVII, y Vázquez de Figueroa o López de Mesa en el XVIII. A estos unimos las donaciones de particulares, fundamentales en la configuración de los altares del templo., The altarpieces of church of the Sacro Mnte Abbey are a faithful testimony of the upheavals it underwent during the 17th and 18th centuries as a consequence of the defence of its Lead Books. This article offers first-hand knowledge of both the artists of the altarpieces such as Miguel Cano, Pedro de Raxis, Francisco de Paula Castillo, Pedro Valero, etc. and their iconography, through many previously unpublished documents. Sponsorship and patronage actions performed by abbots and canons such as Pedro de Ávila y Francisco de Barahona (17th century) or Vázquez de Figueroa and López de Mesa (18th century) are also documented. Among them, it should be noted that individual donations were crucial for the temple¿s altars., Universidad Pablo de Olavide

Introduction. The paper deals with repressions against Kalmykia’s Komsomol in the late 1930. It examines archival materials of the Kalmyk ASSR, and explores a definitely troubled period in the development of the regional organization of All-Union Leninist Young Communist League. From the earliest days Komsomol communities had been regularly cleansed. In official discourse, such measures were interpreted as essentials aimed to exclude unreliable individuals, improve community cohesion, and facilitate further Socialist construction activities. According to documents issued by the 4th Plenary Assembly of Komsomol Central Committee and 14th Kalmyk Oblast Komsomol Conference, those were Komsomol executives and activists who were actually repressed. Goals. The article aims to analyze the repressive procedures initiated. Materials and Methods. Considered are unpublished documents held by National Archive of Kalmykia (Collection П-22 — archives of Kalmyk Oblast Komsomol Committee), and some other published materials. The work employs the chronological and problem-chronological research methods that proved instrumental in identifying features specific for repressive measures against local Komsomol members. Results and Conclusions. The 1930s political repressions against Komsomol in Kalmykia were directly related to ones against party-state and economic executives of the region. Admitting to ‘have participated in a bourgeois-nationalist organization’, Communist and Komsomol executives gave rise to further mass and dramatic cleanses.

The aim of the article is to reveal the performance of Mārtiņš Stabiņš, a graduate of the Faculty of Automation and Computer Technology (1972; FACT) of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), in the profession of engineer and high achievements in sports, becoming a Latvian champion in athletics several times, to reveal his daily life during his study years in the 1960s–1970s. Despite the fact that M. Stabiņš’ sports achievements have already described, this article summarizes his successes as well as reveals hitherto little-known and unpublished documents about his family, daily life, developments and interests. This is the first major research on the life of an engineer and athlete during seven decades. The resources used in the research are the personal archives of M. Stabiņš and of the author, documents of the National Archives of Latvia, and the collection of the National Library of Latvia.

Raksta mērķis ir atklāt Rīgas Politehniskā institūta (RPI) Automātikas un skaitļošanas tehnikas fakultātes (ASTF) absolventa (1972) Mārtiņa Stabiņa veikumu inženiera profesijā un augstos sasniegumus sportā, vairākkārt kļūstot par Latvijas čempionu vieglatlētikā, atklāt studentu ikdienu 20. Gadsimta 60.–70. gados. Par M. Stabiņa sportiskajiem sasniegumiem ir rakstīts, šajā pētījumā viņa panākumi apkopoti, kā arī atklāti līdz šim maz zināmi un nepopularizēti materiāli par viņa ģimeni, ikdienu, izaugsmi un interesēm. Tas ir pirmais plašākais pētījums par inženiera un sportista dzīves darbību septiņos gadu desmitos. Pētījumā izmantoti M. Stabiņa un autores personīgie arhīvi, Latvijas Nacionālā arhīva dokumenti un Latvijas Nacionālās bibliotēkas krājums.The aim of the article is to reveal the performance of Mārtiņš Stabiņš, a graduate of the Faculty of Automation and Computer Technology (1972; FACT) of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), in the profession of engineer and high achievements in sports, becoming a Latvian champion in athletics several times, to reveal his daily life during his study years in the 1960s–1970s. Despite the fact that M. Stabiņš’ sports achievements have already described, this article summarizes his successes as well as reveals hitherto little-known and unpublished documents about his family, daily life, developments and interests. This is the first major research on the life of an engineer and athlete during seven decades. The resources used in the research are the personal archives of M. Stabiņš and of the author, documents of the National Archives of Latvia, and the collection of the National Library of Latvia.

espanolEn 1605 se abririan en la Universidad Javeriana dos clases de gramatica, los cursos de Filosofia en 1608, los de Teologia Escolastica y Teologia Moral en 1612, hacia 1613 la catedra de Lengua indigena, la catedra de Visperas hacia 1616, la catedra de Medicina en 1636, los estudios de Canones y Leyes en 1706, y la catedra de Sagrada Escritura en 1722. El claustro profesoral lo componian: el Rector, el Canciller, el secretario, los dos Prefectos, los catedraticos de Prima Theologia, de Visperas, de Moral, de Artes, de Sagrada Escritura, los de Humanidades (los dos catedraticos y el director del Seminario de Letras Humanas), el de lengua chibcha y en el siglo XVIII los tres de derecho civil y canonico. En las aulas javerianas se formo una parte importante del capital humano, religioso y social de lo que seria el virreinato. Ademas, siempre se mantuvo como ventana abierta a las corrientes intelectuales provenientes de Europa y a la vez centro de suministro de ideas, libros e inquietudes para mejorar las virtudes civicas y la comunidad del pensamiento. Hemos incluido en el Apendice la «Bibliografia de los catedraticos de Prima Theologia » como expresion del reto que supone analizar tanto documento inedito. EnglishIn 1605, two studies of Grammar were opened at the Javeriana University, and so were the courses of Philosophy, in 1609; the courses of Scholastic Theology and Moral Theology were opened in 1612; around 1613, the chair of Indian Language, and the chair of Vespers, toward 1616; the professorship of Medicine in 1636; the Studies of Canons and Law, in 1706; and the chair of Holy Scripture was opened in 1722. The teaching staff was integrated by: The Rector, the Chancellor, the secretary, the two Prefects, the Professors of Prima Theologia, and the ones of Vespers, of Moral, of Arts, of Holy Scripture; the teachers of Humanities (The two Professors, and the Director of the Seminary of Human Letters), the one of Chibcha; and in the XVIII century, three professors of Civil Law and Canon Law were added. In the Javeriana’s classrooms instruction was received by an important part of the human capital, religious and social, of what was going to become the Viceroyalty. Moreover, the University was always kept as an open window to the intellectual currents coming from Europe, and at the same time it was a centre for the promotion of ideas, books and concerns for the improvement of civic virtues and the community of thought. We have inserted in the Appendix the “Bibliography of the professors of Prima Theologia”, as an expression of the challenge which means to analyze so many unpublished documents”.

The Southern African Development Community (SADC) collaborative medicines registration initiative ZaZiBoNa is a successful regional work-sharing initiative on the African continent. This paper reviews the history of the ZaZiBoNa initiative, reflects on what has been realized in six years of operation and what still needs to be achieved. Statistics for the work done by the initiative are available in the literature, but there has not been a critical review of the process, including an analysis of factors contributing to the success of the initiative and conversely those negatively affecting performance. To do this, publicly available literature and statistics, meeting records, terms of reference and unpublished documents belonging to the initiative were reviewed. The successes of the ZaZiBoNa initiative can be attributed to leadership commitment, a clear vision and governance structure providing direction, and a clear, documented operating model, processes and objectives defined from the onset of the initiative. Closure of the gaps that were identified and implementation of the recommendations that were made in this paper will further strengthen the initiative. Furthermore, other regional harmonization or work-sharing initiatives on the African continent and beyond can draw lessons from this review of the ZaZiBoNa initiative for improved efficiency and effectiveness.

This article is about the first attempts of Soviet-French rapprochement in the military sphere in the early 1930s. It is based largely upon unpublished documents from the Soviet foreign policy (AVP...

This paper focuses on a little-known Late Period/Ptolemaic necropolis located at Tell el-Moqdam, which was previously thought to have been excavated by Auguste Mariette in 1860. It takes into consideration its sacred location, form and the probable circumstances of its discovery, which are supported by new information obtained from hitherto unpublished documents. The research published in this paper will also shed some light on the sacred landscape of this poorly-known archaeological site.

In light of several unpublished documents, this article examines the 1961 centennial exhibition organized by the Direccion General de Bellas Artes and held at the Cason del Buen Retiro in Madrid, which was dedicated to Alonso Berruguete. In doing so, it analyzes the political relevance attributed by the Francoist government to the cultural program hosted in that recently restored building as well as the diplomatic efforts made to publicize the Berruguete show in Europe and Latin America, offering an ideological vision of the art of the Castilian sculptor and of its usefulness for the cultural propaganda of the regime.

Рецензия посвящена новой книге Ф. Н. Никитина, посвященной полковнику В. А. Пашкову, лидеру российской евангельской церкви в 1870–1880‑х гг. Пашков, богатый российский аристократ и землевладелец, был не самой ожидаемой кандидатурой на роль религиозного миссионера, однако его обращение, свершившееся благодаря британскому лорду Г. Редстоку в 1874 г., привело его на путь проповеди и благотворительности как среди социальных элит, так и среди низших слоев общества. Хотя первоначально Пашков не конфликтовал с православной церковью, рост его влияния и предпринятые им попытки объединить различные евангельские движения в России привели к его высылке из страны в 1884 г.; умер он в изгнании. Рецензент высоко оценивает глубокое знание Никитиным источников, почерпнутое из работы с многочисленными архивными коллекциями документов не только в России, но и за рубежом. Это делает книгу крупным вкладом в историографию, большая часть которой устарела или фрагментирована. Большим вкладом стала и публикация ранее неизвестных документов в виде приложения к книге. Однако рецензент отмечает, что в ряде случаев Никитин чрезмерно полагается на пространное цитирование документов, что неизбежно приглушает авторский голос: думается, автор мог бы более детально анализировать источники, а не просто их цитировать. Кроме того, рецензент полагает, что более широкая контекстуализация и использование ряда современных концептуальных подходов к изучению религиозной биографии могли бы усилить аргументацию автора книги.

International audience; This chapter assesses Oxford’s contributions to the emergence and institutionalisation of industrial economics as an academic discipline. Based on the analysis of primary sources (interviews, unpublished documents, archives, academic journals and teaching programmes), it charts and evaluates the gradual and, at times, conflictual process of the institutionalisation of industrial economics at Oxford from the 1920s to the 1980s. We show that Oxford’s contribution to industrial economics was not attributable to any specific school of thought, as could be argued was the case for Cambridge. This was mainly due to the lack of emblematic figures at Oxford and/or the relative isolation of successive individuals elected to the Drummond Chair. Yet, it is argued that Oxford produced a unified methodological body and a unique approach to industrial economics based on an empirical approach to the firm and to organisations.

Abstarct: In the context of the history of migration processes among nomadic peoples, the present article studies transboundary nomadism between the USSR and neighboring countries in the 1920s as well as the Soviet policy on these processes. The author discusses the border areas of the east and south of the USSR and such neighboring states as China, Mongolia, Tuva, Afghanistan, and Persia. The article is written on a broad source base, which includes both published and unpublished documents identifi ed by the author in the Russian State Military Archives (RGVA), the Russian State Archives of Socio-Political History (RGASPI) and the Aginsky Branch of the State Archives of the Trans-Baikal Territory (AFGAZK). The article demonstrates the important strategic role of border nomadic regions, in particular, of Buryatia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan. After the 1917 revolutionary events in Russia, migrations from these territories were motivated not only by economic but also by political reasons, with the nomads escaping from state control and subsequently participating in anti-Soviet uprisings and in the Basmachi movement. The author argues that the Soviet leadership was eager to uphold the status quo on its borderlands. By the 1930s the USSR established full control over migration processes, minimizing or completely eliminating the transboundary nomadism. This was framed as a question of securing the state´s borders against a capitalist environment, but also of preventing the penetration of hostile ideology from abroad.

Los Salones de Humoristas iniciados en España en 1914 y promovidos por José Francés, acogieron a las firmas más significativas de las distintas facetas del arte, no solo del humor y la caricatura. El presente artículo tiene como objetivos: poner en valor a las y los artistas que participaron en dichos Salones en la posguerra española desde 1940 a 1953 y la importancia que en ellos tuvo el polifacético y «creador de la caricatura moderna española», según palabras de Luis Lasa, el médico, caricaturista y experto en papiroflexia José Delgado Úbeda, de seudónimo artístico ZAS. Metodológicamente se han estudiado los catálogos y documentación inédita propiedad de los descendientes de ZAS así como los archivos de distintas instituciones. El resultado del trabajo ha puesto de manifiesto la influencia del contexto político-social y económico en dichos Salones. Pudiendo concluir en la importancia que estos tuvieron para la actividad artística española e internacional de la época.AbstractThe Humorists Halls´ started in Spain in 1914 and promoted by José Francés, received the signatures most significant of the different artistic facets not only of humor and of caricature. The present article has as objectives: to value the artists who participated in said Halls in the Spanish postwar period from 1940 to 1953 and the importance that the multifaceted one had in them «the creator of the modern Spanish caricature», in the words of Luis Lasa, the doctor, caricaturist and origami expert José Delgado Úbeda, of artistic pseudonym «ZAS». Methodologically the catalogs and unpublished documents owned by the descendants of «ZAS» have been studied as well as the files of different institutions. The result of the work has revealed the influence of the political - social and economic context of the above mentioned halls and international of the period. Palabras clave: Salones de Humoristas; caricatura; posguerra española; catálogos; José Francés; ZAS

Boudou assista, au cours des festivites de la Sainte-Estelle de 1950, a la presentation par Mouly, d’un rapport sur l’enseignement de la langue d’oc a l’ecole primaire. Il redige, le 4 juin, une lettre au Majoral suivie d’un Ensaj d’unificacion grafica. Toutes deux inedites, cette lettre et cette etude permettent d’apprehender la position qui etait celle de l’auteur de la Santa Estela dans le debat orthographique, vers 1950. Il nous a donc semble utile de publier ces documents qui marquent une etape dans l’itineraire orthographique de Boudou, mais qui eclairent aussi, pensons-nous, certains aspects de sa personnalite et de sa posture litteraires. L’edition de la lettre et celle de l’Ensaj sont suivies d’un glossaire.

The paper examines more broadly the intellectual formation, early carreer and research activity of Franz Dölger with the aim to elucidate, on the one hand, the shift that took place in Byzantine Studies in Munich during the Thirties of the previous century from a philological to a historical direction. On the other hand, the paper offers a detailed analysis of Dölger’s concept of Byzantine literature and its history, the development of this concept and its immediate impact on Byzantine Philology as a separate field within Byzantine Studies. Pivotal in understanding Dölger’s concept are his connection with and use of the Nazi regime and its ideology, as well as a latent but visible antagonism to Karl Krumbacher. The paper includes an analysis of hitherto unknown publications of Dölger from the Nazi era and a number of unpublished documents pertaining to the Athos Expedition of July 1941 and its aftermath.

Una de las principales preocupaciones de Bernardo Canal Feijóo (1897-1982) fue la de configurar una concepción de cultura basada en la relación del hombre con su lugar como modo de definir una identidad que concilie la unidad nacional y la particularidad regional. El presente artículo analiza esta concepción teniendo como base dos documentos inéditos que forman parte del Archivo Bernardo Canal Feijóo, de cuyo estudio se desprende una noción de cultura que, transfigurada estética y simbólicamente, pone de manifiesto el modo de ser de un sujeto colec-tivo constituido como pueblo. One of the main concerns of Bernardo Canal Feijóo (1897-1982) was to configure a conception of culture based on the relationship between the man and his place as a way of define and identify an identity that recon-ciles national unity and regional particularity. This article analyzes the concept of culture based on two unpublished documents that are part of the Bernardo Canal Feijóo Archive. From his study emerges a notion of culture that, aesthetically and symbolically transfigured, reveals the way of being of a collective subject constituted as a people. Fil: Fabbian, Gisela Noelia. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina. Centro de Investigaciones Filosoficas. Instituto de Filosofia "ezequiel de Olaso". - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Filosofia "ezequiel de Olaso".; Argentina

While systemic thinking permeates the fields of couple, family, behavioral, ecological, medical, government, business and political sciences, appreciation of the implications of fundamental presuppositions can be obscured with the passage of time, the emergence and resurgence of alternative approaches. Previously unpublished documents preserved in the Don D. Jackson Archive, will be used as points of reference to discuss elemental presuppositions of the MRI Interactional View from which much of current day systemic practice derive.

The review was made on determinants and challenges of livelihood diversification in Ethiopia. Different published and unpublished documents were collected through different search engines from different databases, Google scholar and Google. After thorough reading, 42 papers were used to review out of 182 papers. There are a lot of pushes and pull factors that affect rural livelihood diversification. Some determinants, which affect rural community were human, financial, social, natural, and physical capitals/assets. Lack of capital, poor infrastructures, lack of access to credit service, lack of access to market and marketing service and farmland scarcity were some of challenges that face rural household to diversify their livelihood. The major limitations of the studies were lack of consistence on terminology of livelihood diversification strategies, generalization during identification of factors affecting livelihood diversification and unable to reason out econometric model results. Therefore, further investigations should be conducted and development practitioners should pay attention to those factors affecting livelihood diversification. Key words: Determinants, diversification, livelihood, rural, strategies.

The monograph examines the radical change that occurred in British science and technology policy in the course of Lady Margaret Thatchers’ tenure in the Downing-street. Drawing on previously unpublished documents and materials covering wide range of areas of scientific research – from HIV-infection to nuclear energy and strategic defense – the author expands in great detail the contradictory process of forming the scientific agenda of the radical wing of the Conservative Party while tracing the influence of neoconservative value paradigm on the image and realities of British science all the way to the present.

This article tells the story of Ivan Goncharov’s participation in a failed voyage around the world led by vice admiral Yevfimiy Putyatin, with an emphasis on the question of how the future author of The Frigate “Pallada” (1858) profited from his position of Yevfimiy Putyatin’s secretary. Based on a whole set of previously unpublished documents found in the Russian State Navy Archive, the article shows that Goncharov’s assignment was a very lucrative one: not only did he receive a doubled remuneration and generous daily allowances while on board the “Pallada”, but also managed to charge the Russian state for his untimely return from the Eastern coast of Eurasia to Russia proper. All of those documents are published for the first time. Keywords: 19th-Century Russian Literature, Ivan Goncharov (1812–1891), Yevfimiy Putyatin (1803–1883), Personal Finances, History of Literature.

V. N. Tatishchev’s denunciation of Colonel S. D. Davydov and related documents date back to the autumn of 1738 – summer of 1739 and shed light on previously unknown details in the life of this distinguished administrator and scholar in the reign of Empress Anna Ioannovna (1730–1740). The originals of these previously unpublished documents survive (except for one, which is a copy made by a scribe) and are kept in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (Fund 7. Preobrazhenskii Prikaz, Secret Office and Secret Expedition, collection of the State Archive of the Russian Empire). The information reflected in the documents allows the author not only to clarify the circumstances of Tatishchev’s life during the Orenburg expedition (1737–1739) which he led and the motives behind his actions, but also provide a detailed description of the system of political intelligence in the 1730s and the horror experienced even by high-ranking officials when confronted by this intelligence service. All this makes the materials published a valuable source for attaining a deeper understanding of Tatishchev’s personality and times., Донос В. Н. Татищева на полковника С. Д. Давыдова и связанные с ним документы относятся к осени 1738 – лету 1739 г. и освещают не известные ранее подробности жизни Татищева – выдающегося администратора и ученого времени правления императрицы Анны Иоанновны (1730–1740). Эти документы дошли до нас в подлинниках (за исключением одного, известного в писарской копии) и хранятся в РГАДА (Ф. 7. Преображенский приказ, Тайная канцелярия и Тайная экспедиция – коллекция Государственного архива Российской империи). Информация, отразившаяся в публикуемых документах, позволяет прояснить обстоятельства жизни В. Н. Татищева во время руководства им Оренбургской экспедицией (1737–1739), понять мотивы его поступков и детально проследить действие системы политического сыска в 1730-х гг., а также увидеть эмоции, которые владели людьми, оказавшимися в поле действия ее страшной машины. Все это делает публикуемые материалы ценным историческим источником для более углубленного понимания личности В. Н. Татищева и его эпохи.

Los procesos inquisitoriales emprendidos en Córdoba a fines del reinado de Isabel la Católica provocaron una serie de turbulencias en el colectivo judeoconverso que desestabilizaron el reino de Castilla. Aunque la dimensión socio-religiosa del fenómeno ha suscitado algunos análisis, no se han explorado sus vínculos con la disputa sucesoria que enfrentó a Felipe I de Castilla −el Hermoso− y Fernando el Católico (1504-1506), ni se ha ahondado en la actitud del papado ante aquellos procesos que implicaron al arzobispo de Granada, fray Hernando de Talavera. Con documentación inédita de archivos españoles y franceses, el presente artículo estudia la pugna mantenida por ambos monarcas por el control de la Inquisición, reconstruye sus respectivas negociaciones con la Curia romana, y valora la política de Julio II para resolver la crisis evitando su politización.

This article explores the relationship between nationalism and left-wing populism, looking at the political communication of Podemos in Spain. Podemos is a crucial case study for such an analysis, as it is one of the new left-populist actors who have emerged and successfully consolidated on the European political scene, and it has made extensive use of a patriotic communication despite its radical left political background. Through a qualitative discourse analysis on leaders’ speeches, integrated with primary data (elite and expert interviews and one unpublished internal party document), this article shows that Podemos leadership deliberately uses nationalism as part of its populist strategy and it does so in a counter-hegemonic way, trying to challenge the Right on its own ground. Unlike European right-wing populism, where the reference to the people usually serves to «normalize» ethnocultural nationalism, in Podemos, nationalism serves to discursively construct an alternative form of national identity, consistent with an inclusive and left-wing understanding of «the people».

In 1935 the Prado Museum's audience had the opportunity to admire the Holy Ark (c. 1096-1101) belonging to the Oviedo Cathedral, one of the most unique reliquaries of European Romanesque and an essential piece of the Holy Chamber, outside its usual setting for the first time. This display was connected to its restoration at the Instituto Valencia de DonJuan. The extensive historiography on this masterpiece barely contains any entries about this exhibition, which we now narrate it here, based on unpublished documents.; En 1935, le public du Musée du Prado put admirer, pour la première fois hors de son cadre habituel, l'Arche Sainte (c. 1096-1101) de la Cathédrale d'Oviedo, l'un des reliquaires les plus uniques de l'art roman européen et une pièce essentielle de la Sainte Chambre. Cette présentation fut liée à sa restauration chez l'Instituto Valencia de Don Juan. Dans l'abbondante historiographie sur ce chef-d'œuvre cette exposition non est presque pas notée. Nous la décrivons maintenant sur la base de documents inédits.; En 1935 el público del Museo del Prado pudo contemplar por vez primera fuera de su marco habitual, el Arca Santa (c. 1096-1101) de la Catedral de Oviedo, uno de los relicarios más singulares del románico europeo y pieza esencial de la Cámara Santa. Esta presentación estuvo relacionada con su restauración en el Instituto Valencia de Don Juan. En la dilatada historiografía sobre esta obra maestra, apenas se registra dicha exhibición, que ahora relatamos en base a documentos inéditos.

Our goal is to rethink the place that the initiatives of Spanish exiles should occupy in our apprehension of the European movement. Anti-fascist and anti-Stalinist expatriates, with the support of transatlantic intellectual and political networks, laid the foundations in the 1940s for a movement to vindicate federalism and the unification of Europe. The analysis of unpublished documents allows us to approach that essentially informal dimension of European construction. We will thus address the initiatives undertaken by some exiles in Mexico in collaboration with left-wing intellectuals living in New York (1940-1945); the efforts to establish a “third way”, independent of the two superpowers and anchored in the fusion of socialism and freedom (1945-1947); and the slow transformation of these initiatives into a more transversal and plural project, open to collaboration with other European movements (1948-1950).; Nuestro objetivo es replantear el lugar que deben ocupar las iniciativas de los exiliados españoles en nuestra aprehensión del movimiento europeísta. Expatriados antifascistas y antiestalinistas, con el apoyo de las redes intelectuales y políticas de carácter transatlántico, pusieron en los años cuarenta los fundamentos de un movimiento de vindicación del federalismo y de la unificación de Europa. El análisis de documentos inéditos permite aproximarse a esa dimensión esencialmente informal de la construcción europea. Abordaremos así las iniciativas emprendidas por algunos exiliados en México en colaboración con intelectuales de izquierdas afincados en Nueva York (1940-1945); los esfuerzos por establecer una “tercera vía”, independiente de las dos superpotencias y anclada en la fusión de socialismo y libertad (1945-1947); y la lenta transformación de dichas iniciativas en un proyecto más transversal y plural, abierto a la colaboración con otros movimientos europeístas (1948-1950).

Visibility and accessibility have constituted the indispensable premises for the settlement of religious communities in the modern city. In particular, especially in the sixteenth century the Neapolitan religious orders conditioned the urban development outside the city walls: in the last decades of the century, exactly in the extra moenia areas the new regular religious Orders will be joined to the Mendicants in the laborious search for unbuilt estates or edifices to be re-adapted to monasteries, convalescent homes and novitiates with the contribution of influential and wealthy subsidizers. Replacing theirselves to Viceroy authorities in the utilization of the hill slopes, the religious often will promote radical buildings renovations and the opening, even if with privatistic purposes, of roads and small squares in front of their estates. Through analysis of unpublished documents, this essay examines in depth the troubled events that leaded – between 1622 and 1627 – to the foundation of a small Benedictine monastery in a farmstead along the Vomero uphill road. This event, totally ignored by Neapolitan architectural historiography, represents instead an extraordinary example of smart adaptation to a marginal site of the western urban expansion.

This paper reveals an unknown and unpublished text by Dr. Antonio de Sosa, Miguel de Cervantes’ companion in captivity. These documents, kept in the British Library under the shelfmark Add. 28366, are a reliable proof that this Portuguese writer was the author of the Topographia e Historia General de Argel, published under the name of Diego de Haedo in Valladolid (1612)., Trabajo que da a conocer dos documentos inéditos del doctor Antonio de Sosa, compañero de cautiverio de Miguel de Cervantes. Dichos documentos, conservados en la British Library bajo la signatura Add. 28366, son una prueba fehaciente de que este escritor portugués fue el autor de la Topographia e Historia General de Argel, publicada con el nombre de Diego de Haedo en Valladolid (1612).

The recent discovery among the notarial protocols of the Provincial Historical Archive of Seville of a new and unpublished Cervantine document, granted in the Sevillian capital on March 11, 1593 and linked to the novel commission that Cristóbal de Barros, the first general supplier of the Navy of the Guardia de las Indias, commissioned Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra on February 21 of that same year for the collection of supplies, would confirm a fact that some of the most distinguished Cervantes biographers had always assumed but could never corroborate documents: Miguel de Cervantes’ personal stay in the ducal town of Osuna. In this way, we would fulfil the dream of Francisco Rodríguez Marín, the famous Cervantist who dedicated most of his life to search for some documentary proof that would demonstrate the real presence of the author of Don Quixote in Osuna and thus justify the mentions that Cervantes made of it, its dukes and it vilified University in his most universal literary work., El reciente hallazgo entre los protocolos notariales del Archivo Histórico Provincial de Sevilla de un nuevo e inédito documento cervantino, otorgado en la capital hispalense el 11 de marzo de 1593 y vinculado a la novedosa comisión que Cristóbal de Barros, el primer proveedor general de la Armada de la Guardia de las Indias, encomendara el 21 de febrero de ese mismo año a Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra para el acopio de provisiones, vendría a confirmar un hecho que algunos de los más insignes biógrafos cervantinos siempre habían supuesto pero que nunca pudieron corroborar documentalmente: la estancia personal de Miguel de Cervantes en la villa ducal de Osuna. Cumpliríamos así el sueño de Francisco Rodríguez Marín, el insigne cervantista que dedicó la mayor parte de su vida a la búsqueda de alguna prueba documental que demostrara la presencia real del autor del Quijote en Osuna y justificar así las menciones que de ella, de sus duques y de su vilipendiada Universidad, hiciera Cervantes en su obra literaria más universal.

espanolEn este articulo realizamos una revision del uso del concepto de estrategia en las ciencias sociales, en particular en el campo de la etnohistoria andina. Nos centramos en la fase denominada Nueva Etnohistoria (1980-ad), momento de consolidacion transcontinental de este campo interdisciplinar. Las fuentes de informacion empleadas consisten en publicaciones colectivas de relevancia y en documentos ineditos relativos a la organizacion del I Congreso Internacional de Etnohistoria. En base a ellas identificamos los sentidos asociados al concepto de estrategia y reconstruimos los debates que su aplicacion suscito, los cuales estan ligados a problematicas cientificas vigentes. A partir de este recorrido fundamentamos la necesidad de reactualizar la revision critica del concepto bajo analisis. EnglishIn this article we review the use of the concept of strategy in the social sciences in particular in the field of Andean Ethnohistory. We focus on the phase called Nueva Etnohistoria (1980 and later), a moment of transcontinental consolidation of this interdisciplinary field. The sources of information used in this study consist of relevant collective publications and unpublished documents related to the organization of the I International Congress of Ethnohistory. With respect to these, we identify the meanings associated with the concept of strategy and reconstruct the debates that arise in its application, which are linked to current problems in the social sciences. Based on the foregoing, we propose the need to update the critical review of the concept of strategy.

Russian Abstract: В статье рассматривается проблема финансового обеспечения работников региональных прокуратур РСФСР в 1980-е гг.: последние годы эпохи «застоя» и период «перестройки». Данная работа написана на основе ранее неопубликованных документов Государственного архива Псковской области. English Abstract: The article deals with the problem of financial support for employees of regional Prosecutor’s Offices of the RSFSR in the 1980s: the last years of the era of «stagnation» and the Perestroika. This work is written on the basis of previously unpublished documents of the State Archive of the Pskov Region.

Using unpublished documents, this volume restores the meeting between two masters in a historical and ideal way: Norberto Bobbio and Silvio Trentin. Through the writings which Bobbio dedicated to Trentin between 1954 and 1991, the readers are introduced to Trentin’s world. They gradually discover Trentin’s exemplary biography, his clear moral personality and his commitment to anti-fascism and the Resistance, as well as the great themes of his work as a jurist and political thinker: the criticism of fascism, federalism and the idea of the 'third way'. As Bobbio observes, the fundamental reason why Trentin represents a still valuable example is that, through his life and thought, he has perfectly embodied the conception of politics as a desire of justice, as opposed to the will to dominate.Il volume restituisce – con documenti inediti – storicamente e idealmente l’incontro tra due maestri: Norberto Bobbio e Silvio Trentin. Attraverso gli scritti che Bobbio gli ha dedicato tra il 1954 e il 1991, il lettore viene introdotto nel mondo di Trentin di cui scopre a poco a poco la biografia esemplare, la limpida personalita morale e l’impegno nell’antifascismo e nella Resistenza, nonche i grandi temi della sua opera di giurista e di pensatore politico: la critica del fascismo, il federalismo e l’idea della ‘terza via’. Come osserva Bobbio, la ragione fondamentale per cui Trentin rappresenta un esempio che ci parla ancora e che ha impersonato perfettamente con la vita e con il pensiero la concezione della politica come volonta di giustizia contrapposta alla volonta di dominio.

Russian Abstract: В статье рассматриваются и анализируются особенности организации учебно-методической работы в органах прокуратуры Псковской области на начальном этапе периода «развитого социализма». Данная работа написана на основе ранее неопубликованных документов и материалов Государственного архива Псковской области. English Abstract: The article discusses and analyzes the features of the organization of educational and methodical work in the Prosecutor’s Office of the Pskov region at the initial stage of the period of «developed socialism». This work is written on the basis of previously unpublished documents and materials of the State Archive of the Pskov Region.