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1. Symptoms of dengue at the acute and post-infection stage in the Western Province, Sri Lanka: A cross-sectional study

Author

Chrishantha Abeysena, Sharika Peiris, Indrakantha Welgama, Upul Gunasekara, and Kolitha Wickramage

Subjects
control, dengue, outbreak, symptoms, vector, virus, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962
Abstract

Objective: To describe the symptoms of dengue at acute and post-infection stage and to identify preventive strategies adopted by the patients in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Western Province of Sri Lanka in November 2017. The study population consisted of 473 confirmed dengue patients aged from 18 to 64 years who were hospitalized between June and August 2017. A stratified random sampling technique was applied to select the participants. Data collection was done by trained interviewers, using a structured, pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: The most common symptoms of dengue fever at the acute stage was body ache (81.81%, n=387), followed by headache (71.67%, n=339), loss of appetite (66.80%, n=316), tiredness (53.06 %, n=251) and vomiting (41.86%, n=198). The most common symptom during the post-infection stage was body ache (48.62%, n=230), followed by fatigue (39.74%, n=188), and loss of appetite (28.75%, n=136). Adding sand to the water in places where water accumulates (41.64%, n=197) was the most common method used to prevent transmission of dengue followed by removing/draining stagnant water regularly (36.15%, n=177). Use of mosquito nets (83.08%, n=393) was the most common method in preventing mosquito bites followed by the use of fans among dengue patients (56.02%, n=265). Conclusions: The study shows a prolonged persistence of clinical symptoms during the postinfection period.

Published
2019
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2. Can trichomonas immunochromatographic test increase the validity and reliability of WHO syndromic algorithm for vaginal discharge as a screening tool for trichomoniasis?

Author

Renu Wickremasinghe, Neluka Fernando, H Banneheke, Ankur Barua, Upul Gunasekara, and R. C. Fernandopulle

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Sexually transmitted disease, Vaginal discharge, Trichomoniasis, biology, business.industry, 030106 microbiology, Trichomonas, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Trichomonas Infection, Validity, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Stratified sampling, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, parasitic diseases, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, False positive rate, medicine.symptom, business, Algorithm
Abstract

Background: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted parasitic infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) advocated flow charts for curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to improve the care. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the validity and reliability of WHO syndromic algorithm for vaginal discharge against trichomonas immunochromatographic test (ICT). Trichomonas ICT is a test with high validity, reliability, and feasibility. Objectives: The objective was to evaluate the validity and reliability of WHO syndromic algorithm for vaginal discharge against trichomonas ICT as a screening tool for trichomonas infection among women of reproductive age in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in sexually transmitted disease clinics, well woman clinics, gynecology clinics, and institutional health clinics in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. We enrolled 100 women in the age group of 15-45 years using the stratified random sampling method. They were interviewed and examined and the specimens were collected to identify trichomoniasis by culture and ICT. Two-stage analyses were done to evaluate the performance of the WHO algorithm against Trichomonas ICT. Results: In a two-stage analysis, the specificity of syndromic algorithm improved from 80.9% to 94.4% while false positive rate reduced from 19.1% to 5.6%. The net effect of specificity was 98.7% while the false positive rate was 1.3%. Conclusion: The validity and reliability of WHO syndromic algorithm as a diagnostic tool for trichomoniasis can be improved by adding trichomonas ICT.

Published
2016
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