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Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rebuilding cities that have been significantly damaged or destroyed by multiple earthquakes is a challenging endeavor that has received considerable attention in recent days. It is necessary to conduct a thorough literature review to identify the key aspects that require closer examination to resolve this issue comprehensively. Significantly, the devastating earthquake that struck Kahramanmaraş caused extensive damage in twelve provinces, necessitating an immediate redesign of interior and outdoor spaces. This article emphasizes the importance of long-term planning involving multiple disciplines for implementing the proposed measures and actions. By leveraging the lessons learned from reconstruction efforts in earthquake-ravaged areas, it is possible to establish a comprehensive framework that provides policymakers, urban planners, and architects worldwide with invaluable guidance. By leveraging this collective knowledge, decision makers can develop holistic approaches that resolve immediate structural concerns and improve reconstructed cities' livability, adaptability, and disaster resilience. With Kahramanmaraş as a case study, this research provides a comprehensive road map for rebuilding earthquake-devastated urban spaces. This study provides invaluable insights into creating resilient cities that can withstand and recover from disasters by emphasizing long-term planning, interdisciplinary collaboration, and lessons from previous reconstruction efforts. The findings of this study have far-reaching implications for cities around the globe, as they shed light on effective strategies to mitigate the destructive impact of future disasters and promote sustainable urban development in an era of growing vulnerabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to provide a numerical evaluation of the occurrence of New European Bauhaus (NEB) principles in urban plans, using four key indicators: GI (green infrastructure), POS (public open space), PSN (public and social needs), and UR (urban reconstruction). The initial step in the research involves determining numerical quantitative indicators with target reference values, which are then used as a measure of compliance with the vision of the NEB. Indicators are modeled based on elements embedded in urban plans and implemented in a framework for evaluating these plans. Through the analysis of collected data, a comparison is made with the set goals and values of the NEB, thus enabling the assignment of ratings for occurrence and identification of areas where improvements are needed. The research results for Rijeka point to the need for planning new green areas, maintaining and developing street networks, and increasing pedestrian and park areas. Additionally, there is a suggested need to increase content to meet public and social needs and expand areas planned for urban reconstruction. The research results emphasize the importance of monitoring and adjusting urban plans to the NEB platform to achieve sustainable and balanced urban development goals, highlighting the need for continuous improvement in the quality of urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the 1923–1937 period when the rise of Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime drove public works programmes. The 1908 earthquake almost destroyed Messina and, in the Fascist period Angelo Paino, the new Metropolitan Archbishop of Messina, fostered the reconstruction of the ecclesiastical heritage of the city and surrounding villages. Primary and secondary sources were collected and analysed to investigate the role of accounting and calculation practices in interpreting the urban reconstruction programme that the Fascist government actively supported. This research contributes to accounting history research adding the new reading of accounting, disasters and urban reconstruction, and highlighting the relations between the Fascist regime and the Catholic Church within an urban reconstruction programme following one of history's major catastrophes. We obtained several findings, including an interpretation of the Fascist regime's reconstruction of the city's churches and key public buildings as an instrument of consensus among the Catholic electorate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Architectural and archaeological studies of preserved architectural monuments emphasise the continuity of development, succession, and originality of the culture of each nation. The research aims to highlight the results of architectural and archaeological surveys at the foundations of the wooden architectural monument - the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Drohobych, as well as to develop the hypothesis of the city's urban genesis. According to the analysis of literary sources, seven construction periods have been identified since the church was built in 1613. The sounding method showed that the first foundations were standards, which were installed in pits on the cut surface of the continent, often with stone slabs, and covered with soil. The system of double slabs fixed under the altar crown of the log house is considered archaic. During the third and fourth construction periods, some of the stands were replaced, and a stone foundation supported by a wide base of slabs was built under the northwestern corner of the main log cabin. In 1823, the altar log cabin and the southern façade of the building were supported by a ribbon structure of stone foundations. No banded foundations were found under the western base of the chancel and the northern base of the nave. The lower gallery of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is supported by a system of foundations and smaller stands. Within the fourth probe, a deep archaeological site was localised with a ceramic sherd in the fill dating to the princely period. The analysis of several features and stratigraphic features of the fill gives grounds to interpret the object as the remains of a semi-hut of this period. Based on the location of the first immovable object, an attempt is made to clarify one of the hypotheses of the urban development of Drohobych from the unfortified initial settlement of salt workers on the right bank of the Pobuk in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, through its gradual development into a proto-city settlement of the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries in the present Zvarytske suburb to the foundation of a new locational centre in the fourteenth/fifteenth centuries on the free adjacent territory

The celebration of the European Year of Architectural Heritage in 1975 in Amsterdam had a great impact on architectural debate in West Berlin, which held a similar event one year later entitled A future for our past. There was a climate of great tension in the city between the precursors of the urban development plans and the social movements in the affected neighborhoods. The article discusses the extent to which a methodological change was possible, from an approach that obliterated the existing new proposals in order to readjust the role of heritage in the urban reconstruction. The idea of declaring existing urban fabric as patrimony became the central debate of this period, in which the idea of demolition and replacement became an expression of social inequality. This article comparatively analyzes the celebration of two proposals promoted by Berlin’s architectural senator Hans C. Müller in 1976: The pilot project for Block 118 in Charlottenburg and the Symposium on Urban Structure and Urban Form in Tiergarten Süd. Two innovative and methodologically distinct approaches were to establish the principles that would regulate the internationally known reconstruction of the IBA, both the Old and the New, two years later.

Height estimation of scatterers in complex environments via the Tomographic Synthetic Aperture Radar (TomoSAR) technique is still a valuable research field. The parametric spectral estimation approach constitutes a powerful tool to identify the superimposed scatterers with different complex reflectivities, located at different heights in the same range–azimuth resolution cell. Unfortunately, this approach requires prior knowledge about the number of scatterers for each pixel, which is not possible in practical situations. In this paper, we propose a method that analyzes the scree plot, generated from the spectral decomposition of the multidimensional covariance matrix, in order to estimate automatically the number of scatterers for each resolution cell. In this context, a properly improved regularization step is included during the reconstruction process, transforming the parametric MUSIC estimator into a non-parametric method. The experimental results on two data sets covering high elevation towers, with different facade coating characteristics, acquired by the TerraSAR-X satellite highlighted the effectiveness of the proposed regularized MUSIC for the reconstruction of high man-made structures compared with classical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The celebration of the European Year of Architectural Heritage in 1975 in Amsterdam had a great impact on architectural debate in West Berlin, which held a similar event one year later entitled A future for our past. There was a climate of great tension in the city between the precursors of the urban development plans and the social movements in the affected neighborhoods. The article discusses the extent to which a methodological change was possible, from an approach that obliterated the existing new proposals in order to readjust the role of heritage in the urban reconstruction. The idea of declaring existing urban fabric as patrimony became the central debate of this period, in which the idea of demolition and replacement became an expression of social inequality. This article comparatively analyzes the celebration of two proposals promoted by Berlin's architectural senator Hans C. Müller in 1976: The pilot project for Block 118 in Charlottenburg and the Symposium on Urban Structure and Urban Form in Tiergarten Süd. Two innovative and methodologically distinct approaches were to establish the principles that would regulate the internationally known reconstruction of the IBA, both the Old and the New, two years later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban district of Naysar is the largest district with the highest population density in Sanandaj city, and in parallel, it has the most challenges and issues. Among these challenges and issues is the issue of ownership and housing, which has involved the residents and owners of this area in addition to planners and officials. The current research considering the theory of urban regeneration analyzes how this area's physical-spatial development and territorial disputes have occurred and provides housing and ownership rights to the residents of this area. The method used in this research is an institutional ethnographic method that analyzed the situation using semi-structured interview data with 25 managers and urban planners as well as local trustees and collected statistics and organizational information related to the measures taken in the study area. The results show that due to the power of the owners and entrepreneurs and institutions such as the municipality, the marginal residents have been rejected or forced to accept the existing situation in these conflicts. The categories of urban-rural infrastructure, illegal constructions and smuggling of urban services, lack of strategic urban planning, lack of sufficient credits, and lack of stakeholder interaction indicate the conditions that have caused socio-economic instability.

Amidst the context of the ongoing war, Ukraine faces the challenge of reconstruction. Similarly to other post-disaster and post-conflict contexts, the recovery efforts are being guided by the principles of "Build Back Better" (BBB). While these principles can be interpreted as embracing the ideals of sustainability, the challenge lies in how "better" is defined, particularly when the concept is generally interpreted through a lens that prioritizes top-down planning with a focus on infrastructure and economic outputs. The concept of "better" needs to be rethought, particularly from the perspective of the affected populations. However, the viewpoints and experiences of internationally displaced Ukrainians are notably absent from these discussions. This research proposes a participatory approach to envisioning urban recovery from displacement, centring on the experiences of displaced Ukrainians residing in Valencia, Spain. By working with this community, the study aims to redefine "better" in the context of urban recovery in Ukraine. Drawing on feminist urbanism, critical development perspectives and futures studies, the study investigates the intersectional oppressions and insights of displaced individuals, through workshops, interviews, and photovoice methodologies. The findings highlight a collective vision that prioritizes emotional resilience, social cohesion and care, with participants prioritizing community-oriented green spaces, inclusive public services, and sustainable mobility. These insights challenge conventional interpretations of BBB in traditional recovery models, which often focus on measurable economic outcomes and risk-perpetuating "destructive reconstruction". Instead, this research advocates for a more inclusive, sustainable, and socially just recovery process that honours the diverse needs and aspirations of everyone, including those displaced abroad. • Exploring alternatives to conventional post-conflict and post-disaster futures imaginaries. • Emphasizing the perspectives and experiences of internationally displaced Ukrainians. • Using participatory futuring and feminist urbanism to co-create urban visions. • Testing photovoice methodology within participatory futuring. • Contributing to critical discourses on urban planning from the viewpoint of displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the architectural heritage of Leonid Lamekin to commemorate his 100th anniversary in 2022. The article reviews and analyses the peculiarities of L. A. Lamekin’s creative work during the 13 years spent by the architect in Irkutsk. The most noticeable buildings and complexes constructed by the architect in Irkutsk are characterized. The architectural ensemble created by the architect in the central part of the city became the most remarkable work of the master.

Studies in the last years have proved the outstanding performance of deep learning for computer vision tasks in the remote sensing field, such as disparity estimation. However, available datasets mostly focus on close-range applications like autonomous driving or robot manipulation. To reduce the domain gap while training we present SyntCities, a synthetic dataset resembling the aerial imagery on urban areas. The pipeline used to render the images is based on 3-D modeling, which helps to avoid acquisition costs, provides subpixel accurate dense ground truth and simulates different illumination conditions. The dataset additionally provides multiclass semantic maps and can be converted to point cloud format to benefit a wider research community. We focus on the task of disparity estimation and evaluate the performance of the traditional semiglobal matching and state-of-the-art architectures, trained with SyntCities and other datasets, on real aerial and satellite images. A comparison with the widely used SceneFlow dataset is also presented. Strategies using a mixture of both real and synthetic samples are studied as well. Results show significant improvements in terms of accuracy for the disparity maps.

The paper explores the possibilities of the structural and functional transformation of blocks in the historical center of Zagreb as a part of modernization after many years of neglect as well as earthquakes in 2020. The research aims to determine how the existing block tissue corresponds with the needs of today’s residents and the possibility of its improvement. The historical circumstances in which the blocks were formed and underwent the most significant changes and modern processes that affect the state and value are determined. There is a special focus on the interior of the block (courtyards), as well as on the spaces on the ground floors of street facades, where numerous, unexplored changes can be observed. The findings provide starting points for desirable structural–functional transformations of blocks and stem from the synthesis and interpretation of knowledge from four interrelated parts of the research. The characteristics of blocks have changed during city development stages, as depicted by an analysis and graphic interpretation of historical maps and urban plans (1864–2021). Influences of modern processes on changes of the city are determined on the basis of the synthesis of previous research from different interdisciplinary points of view; a detailed analysis of the structural–functional changes is conducted on the example of three selected blocks. Transformation models for three selected blocks are proposed.

In July 2018 the University of Buckingham School of Architecture and the University of Notre Dame held a joint Architecture and Urban Design Summer Program in Central London: a four-week, full-time series of seminars, lectures, and field studies focusing on the Euston area between King’s Cross Station and Regent’s Park that will be impacted by the proposed HS2 high-speed railway terminus development. The program explored how a modern transport interchange can be accommodated within a historic city such as London in a manner that may enhance urban connectivity and serve the local community.

We address the problem of simplifying two‐dimensional polygonal partitions that exhibit strong regularities. Such partitions are relevant for reconstructing urban scenes in a concise way. Preserving long linear structures spanning several partition cells motivates a point‐line projective duality approach in which points represent line intersections, and lines possibly carry multiple points. We propose a simplification algorithm that seeks a balance between the fidelity to the input partition, the enforcement of canonical relationships between lines (orthogonality or parallelism) and a low complexity output. Our methodology alternates continuous optimization by Riemannian gradient descent with combinatorial reduction, resulting in a progressive simplification scheme. Our experiments show that preserving canonical relationships helps gracefully degrade partitions of urban scenes, and yields more concise and regularity‐preserving meshes than common mesh‐based simplification approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interest that can spring from an urban study on Mosul and from a reflection on its reconstruction does not lie in the definition of specific and local solutions, due to the emergency state in which the city lies, but rather in the possibility of operating a disciplinary self-interrogation on the needs imposed by the same process of reconstruction, to be understood neither as a temporary solution nor as an apology for reiteration or restoration. The reading we wish to propose is to include destruction (and consequent reconstruction) in the processes proper to the dynamics of cities, and therefore to promote a study of the same dynamics from which to deduce typical generative processes. Therefore, starting from a study of the context, a critical reading, up to the formation of an appropriate vocabulary, we will analyse some ways of approaching urban reconstruction through procedural and design references.

Height estimation of scatterers in complex environments via the Tomographic Synthetic Aperture Radar (TomoSAR) technique is still a valuable research field. The parametric spectral estimation approach constitutes a powerful tool to identify the superimposed scatterers with different complex reflectivities, located at different heights in the same range–azimuth resolution cell. Unfortunately, this approach requires prior knowledge about the number of scatterers for each pixel, which is not possible in practical situations. In this paper, we propose a method that analyzes the scree plot, generated from the spectral decomposition of the multidimensional covariance matrix, in order to estimate automatically the number of scatterers for each resolution cell. In this context, a properly improved regularization step is included during the reconstruction process, transforming the parametric MUSIC estimator into a non-parametric method. The experimental results on two data sets covering high elevation towers, with different facade coating characteristics, acquired by the TerraSAR-X satellite highlighted the effectiveness of the proposed regularized MUSIC for the reconstruction of high man-made structures compared with classical approaches.

The paper explores the possibilities of the structural and functional transformation of blocks in the historical center of Zagreb as a part of modernization after many years of neglect as well as earthquakes in 2020. The research aims to determine how the existing block tissue corresponds with the needs of today's residents and the possibility of its improvement. The historical circumstances in which the blocks were formed and underwent the most significant changes and modern processes that affect the state and value are determined. There is a special focus on the interior of the block (courtyards), as well as on the spaces on the ground floors of street facades, where numerous, unexplored changes can be observed. The findings provide starting points for desirable structural–functional transformations of blocks and stem from the synthesis and interpretation of knowledge from four interrelated parts of the research. The characteristics of blocks have changed during city development stages, as depicted by an analysis and graphic interpretation of historical maps and urban plans (1864–2021). Influences of modern processes on changes of the city are determined on the basis of the synthesis of previous research from different interdisciplinary points of view; a detailed analysis of the structural–functional changes is conducted on the example of three selected blocks. Transformation models for three selected blocks are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the role women played, as film-makers and participants, in the development of the documentary genre from 1930 into the wartime period. In the 1930s and 1940s, the topics of slum clearance and town planning were a preoccupation of British documentary and non-fiction cinema. This article therefore first focuses on the little-known propaganda films generated by housing charities in the 1930s. After an examination of the use of films in the campaigns for better housing between the wars, it concentrates on three films which are linked by the inclusion of filmed interviews with the poorly housed. The study starts with a re-evaluation of Housing Problems (1935) and Kensal House (1937), widely regarded as the first of the genre, placing them in the context of the housing movement. It then gives an overview of the housing issue and female documentary-making during the Second World War, as background to a case study of film-maker Kay Mander, concentrating on her end-of-war manifesto Homes for the People (1945), which saw a further development of the interview technique and presented the women's perspective in a feminist manner. This article shows that women were not only instrumental in the development of the housing documentary but that the films they made promoted a female-orientated and progressive view of housing provision and town planning for working-class people. It was a passion for social change and a growing belief in the democratisation of the image of the poorly housed that determined changes in treatment in the films of the documentary film movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban scene modeling is a challenging task for the photogrammetry and computer vision community due to its large scale, structural complexity, and topological delicacy. This paper presents an efficient multistep modeling framework for large-scale urban scenes from aerial images. It takes aerial images and a textured 3D mesh model generated by an image-based modeling system as the input and outputs compact polygon models with semantics at different levels of detail (LODs). Based on the key observation that urban buildings usually have piecewise planar rooftops and vertical walls, we propose a segment-based modeling method, which consists of three major stages: scene segmentation, roof contour extraction, and building modeling. By combining the deep neural network predictions with geometric constraints of the 3D mesh, the scene is first segmented into three classes. Then, for each building mesh, the 2D line segments are detected and used to slice the ground into polygon cells, followed by assigning each cell a roof plane via a MRF optimization. Finally, the LOD model is obtained by extruding cells to their corresponding planes. Compared with direct modeling in 3D space, we transform the mesh into a uniform 2D image grid representation and most of the modeling work is performed in 2D space, which has the advantages of low computational complexity and high robustness. In addition, our method doesn’t require any global prior, such as the Manhattan or Atlanta world assumption, making it flexible to model scenes with different characteristics and complexity. Experiments on both single buildings and large-scale urban scenes demonstrate that by combining 2D photometric with 3D geometric information, the proposed algorithm is robust and efficient in urban scene LOD vectorized modeling compared with the state-of-the-art approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores open-air cinema spectatorship in Istanbul from the 1950s to the contemporary era. Since the 1990s, literary authors, actors, and film critics have been depicting open-air cinemas in their memoirs with a certain sense of nostalgia. This nostalgic sentiment is largely driven by multiplex cinemas, which have changed the spectatorship experience in Istanbul. Besides the post-1980s urban gentrification that led to the building of multiplexes, Istanbul's cinema-going urbanites encountered a similar, yet less frequently discussed, experience of urban gentrification around the 1950s. This research first examines how urban gentrification projects caused the disappearance of open-air cinemas after the 1950s. It then explores how today's nostalgic conception of open-air cinemas was formed, and how it is commodified in the new luxury open-air cinemas in hotels, art centers, and shopping malls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a low-cost and efficient method for 3D virtual urban scene reconstruction based on multi-source remote sensing big data and deep learning. By integrating maps, satellite optical images, and digital terrain model (DTM), the proposed method achieves a reasonable reconstructed 3D model for complex urban. The method consists of two independent convolutional neural networks (CNN) to process the land cover and the building height extraction. The proposed method is then tested on a 100 km2 scene in San Diego, USA, including about 30 000 buildings. The land cover classification achieves an overall accuracy (OA) of 80.4% for eight types of land as defined in NLCD 2011 datasets. Building height estimation achieves an average error at 1.9 meters on NYC open data, the building footprint. Furthermore, the scene reconstruction including the estimation of both land cover and building height can be finished in 10 min on a single NVidia Titan X GPU.

Disasters are different in terms of type, time and scope but they often create similar problems which indicates the importance of their scientific analysis and documentation for informing future reconstruction planning. One of the weaknesses of disaster studies in Iran is a lack of documentation of past reconstruction experiences. Many of these reconstruction projects are still alive, developed by their residents throughout several decades. However relevant documentation describing the processes of reconstruction and factors affecting the durability of their outcomes have rarely done, reviewed and criticized. The city of Lar in Fars province was devastated by an earthquake in 1339. The rescue and rehabilitation phases terminated within fifteen days. This phased followed by a reconstruction program, which involved the relocation of the city to a safer area. Now after passing more than five decades this city consists of two active areas: the new town - relocated city - and the old town. This article firstly seeks to document and analyze the Lar reconstruction after more than five decades; secondly, tries to provide unique features of this process and reasons for the durability of the outcome; and ultimately, tries to offer the lessons of this reconstruction to inform future plans. In order to achieve these goals, we conducted document review and fieldwork. Firstly, we analyzed existing documents, such as reports related to the earthquake and descriptions of the reconstruction processes in related books, national archives papers; reviewed newspapers published for a period of three years from the time of the accident until the end of reconstruction; conducted in-depth interviews with those involved in the reconstruction and the survivors who were present at the time of the earthquake; and documented the reconstruction process. Secondly, we evaluated this reconstruction based on sustainable reconstruction measures, defined through a review of literature and reconstruction experiences in Iran and the world. Finally, lessons learnt from this reconstruction were extracted. The findings of this study show that in this reconstruction, from the beginning the relocated city was planned to include residential areas, infrastructure, facilities and public buildings, and the budget for this relocation plan was allocated from the beginning. Following the city's geological studies, a safe place away from the faults was selected for the construction and earthquake-proof structures were used in building houses and public buildings of the city. Authorities began the reconstruction of the city with commitment and hard work. A commission composed of local dignitaries and clergymen oversaw all aspects of the reconstruction process, such as budgeting. Challenges that the program faced, including land ownership claims and religious issues were settled locally in the shortest time possible, avoiding interruption in the process. Facilitating commuting between the old and new city led to the economic rehabilitation of this market town and reinforced the sense of belonging of the people to the new city. The built houses were allocated to people for free or were sold to them. A committee of local dignitaries and reconstruction authorities decided about the allocation of houses by investigating the social and economical situations of residents.

Until the mid-20th century, the historic center of Seoul was divided by a stream in a west-east direction. By the 1950s, the water of the stream had become so polluted that only the full coverage of it could solve the resulting problems. An elevated highway was built in its place. At the turn of the millennium, as part of the rehabilitation of the district, the former creek was excavated, the road demolished and an artificial natural environment created. Although the reconstruction was intended to strengthen the historic character of the city center, the artificial watercourse and the emphasized role of tourism discredited the project to socially-minded critics. In this study, we present all of this, but go one step further and interpret the socio-economic damage resulting from the disintegration of local communities in the working-class neighborhood that has developed over the decades as the cost of renewal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known how the planning model of a "car-oriented city" was common among Western experts in the post-Second World War period, but here we claim this approach was common in both sides of divided Berlin. Investigating East- and West-Berlin's reconstruction, here we analyse the relationship between the transnational sphere of circulation and its local realisations. Focusing on the leading figures of urban planning in West- and East-Berlin (who acted as "transfer agents", participating in the transnational discourse) let us to better frame Berlin's urban history in the 1960s and 1970s. The example of Lyon as France's most "car-friendly city" is included in the analysis, so to transcend traditional perspectives of Cold War-antagonism, as well as to show the diverse and multilateral ways of exchange. Finally, the findings of the article will put the established periodisation of the "car-oriented city" in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban memories are remediated and mobilised by different - and often conflicting - stakeholders, representing the heritage industry, municipal city branding campaigns or anti-gentrification struggles. Post-punk ‘retromania’ (Reynolds 2011) coincided with the culture-led regeneration of former industrial cities in the Northwest of England, relaunching the cities as creative clusters (Cohen 2007, Bottà 2009, Roberts & Cohen 2014, Roberts 2014). Drawing on my case study of the memory cultures evolving around Manchester‘s post-punk era (Brunow 2015), this article shows how narratives and images travel through urban space. Looking at contemporary politics of city branding, it examines the power relations involved in adapting (white homosocial) post-punk memories into the self-fashioning of Manchester as a creative city. Situated at the interface of memory studies and film studies, this article offers an anti-essentialist approach to the notion of ‘transcultural memory’. Examining the power relations involved in the construction of audiovisual memories, this article argues that subcultural or popular memories are not emancipatory per se, but can easily tie into neoliberal politics. Moreover, there has been a tendency to sideline or overlook feminist and queer as well as Black and Asian British contributions to post-punk culture. Only partially have such marginalised narratives been observed so far, for instance in Carol Morley’s documentary The Alcohol Years (2000) or by the Manchester Digital Music Archive. The article illustrates how different stakeholders invest in subcultural histories, sustaining or contesting hegemonic power relations within memory culture. While being remediated within various transmedia contexts, Manchester’s postpunk memories have been sanitised, fabricating consensus instead of celebrating difference.

In the period of the Cold War, architecture became a critical medium of knowledge transfer, facilitating the processes of modernization. The Cold War protagonists, the USSR and the USA, vied to gain the political allegiances of third world nations of Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the Americas. This was done through development and aid programmes that offered to lift nations out of poverty, and thereby also deliver them into political commitment to one side or the other. The destruction of Skopje, capital of Macedonia, in 1963, along with the subsequent efforts to replan and rebuild the city, brought with it a significant disruption to the Cold War dynamic. For one thing, Skopje happened to sit within Yugoslavia, a non-aligned country. For another, the winner of the competition to rebuild Skopje was a Japanese, Kenzo Tange. Moreover, the rallying efforts of the United Nations to bring people and resources from around the world to the aid of Skopje managed to transcend much of the partisanship characteristic of international politics. This paper explores the actors, networks, and mechanisms that came together from both sides of the Cold War divide to deliver one of the most defining trans-national urban projects of the 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Space & Form / Przestrzeń i FORMA is the property of West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Architecture & Urban Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)