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Soil is a sensitive ecological factor. Biodegradable materials from the environment can also be used to deal with serious ecological problems. Soil affecting by remediation medium - garden compost - was analysed for toxic cadmium (Cd) in terms of environmental protection. The objective of this research was to analyse soil and compost at foothill locality of the Tribeč Mountains (Southwestern Slovakia) in the years 2015−2017 to determine Cd contents in soil and compost, pH and to assess Cd bioavailability. The analyses were carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with seven-step Selective Sequential Extraction methods. The results obtained were evaluated statistically using the SAS 9.4 software method by Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The results showed that Cd contents in soil had reached 2.96 mg kg−1 and soil with compost (the ratio 1:1) 2.71 mg kg−1 dry matter. Cd contents in the soil exceeded maximum allowed limit of 196%. And deceased by 25% after adding compost. The pH in soil with compost varied from 6.78 to 7.98. The pH prevented the mobility of Cd about 8.3% in average. Statistical dependence was high, which was demonstrated for relationship between Cd in soil, pH and compost. Available Cd forms in soil were 53.3% and soil with compost were 45% in average. The garden compost as a remediation medium reduced Cd bioavailability.

In terms of the potential effects of the natural (geogenic) and anthropogenic agricultural environment on the crop quality, it must be remembered that it is necessary to maintain an uncontaminated environment with high soil production potential. The objective of this research was to analyse and evaluate soil under sugar beet, the compost produced and the soil affected by the addition of compost, in order to determine the Cd, NO3--N, NH4+-N contents in topsoil and soil with added compost (1:1 ratio), to evaluate the statistical significance of Cd in relation to the fertile forms of nitrogen, and to find out whether compost influences the monitored parameters. The analyses were carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Colorimetric methods. The obtained results were evaluated statistically using the SAS 9.4 software method and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The results showed that NO3--N contents in soil reached 14.73 mg·kg-1, NH4+-N 9.50 mg·kg-1, Nin 23.05 mg·kg-1, Cd 2.96 mg·kg-1, soil + compost (1:1 ratio) NO3--N 23.93 mg·kg-1, NH4+-N 26.42 mg·kg-1, Nin 42.63 mg·kg-1, Cd 2.71 mg·kg-1 dry matter. Very high statistical dependence (P < 0.001) was observed for all inorganic fertile forms of nitrogen. High statistical dependence (P < 0.01) was observed for soil Cd to soil NO3--N, soil + compost Cd to soil NO3--N, soil + compost Cd to soil Nin. Compost had a statistically highly significant effect on Cd in relation to forms of nitrogen, reducing Cd concentration levels and increasing the proportion of inorganic fertile forms of nitrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Listy Cukrovarnicke a Reparske is the property of VUC Praha a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Listy Cukrovarnicke a Reparske is the property of VUC Praha a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Listy Cukrovarnicke a Reparske is the property of VUC Praha a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central European Agriculture is the property of Journal of Central European Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Listy Cukrovarnicke a Reparske is the property of VUC Praha a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different types of farming on occurrence of principle epigeic group in two evaluated time periods. First experiment was realized at Dolná Malanta experimental station of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, during 1996-1998. Collections of epigeic material was realised during vegetation period from April to October by soil trap. Total area of trial was 1200 m² dividing into three treatments as follows: A - no mow treatments, B mow without removing of cut grass, C mow with removing the cut grass. Totally 117 837 individuals of soil organisms were collected from which belong to 28 principle epigeic group. Dominant occurrence of Acarina, Araneida, Coleoptera, Collembola, Heteroptera and Hymenoptera totally 6 epigeic groups was determinate. Occurrence of other groups was on the recendent and subrecendent level. The attributes of specific identity according by Jaccard ranged from 89.29 to 96.29 %. The average attribute of diversity for three treatments on the level 2.01131 reflects stability of this ecosystem. The second trial of conventional farming was carrying out during 2004-2006 at the experimental farm Kolíňany Slovakia. Samples were taken from five treatments: A unfertilized; B 25t ha-1 farmyard manure; C 50 t.ha-1 bio sludge; D 50 t ha-1 farmyard; E 100 t ha-1 biosludge. In 2004 the soil trap were paced in canopy of Helianthus annuus, in 2005 at Beta vulgaris field and last year of the trial in the Zea mays field. During three year study totally 44 664 individuals belongs to 22 groups from five treatments were determined. Dominant groups were Acarina, Aphidinea, Araneida, Coleoptera, Collembola a Diptera. Occurrence of other groups was on the recendent and subrecendent level. The attributes of specific identity according Jaccard (IA) ranged from 81.81% to 100.00%. The average value of the diversity was 1.78307. On the average evaluation of five treatments in terms of the occurrence of zooedaphon showed that application of 50 t ha-1 bio sludge supported the most suitable soil condition for zooedaphon development with occurrence of 11 452 individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different rates of organic fertilizers (farmyard manure and bio sludge) on occurrence of soil organisms with focus to species of family Carabidae. Experiment was realized in agricultural field experiment in the research farm Kolínany of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra. Biological material was collected using the earth trap method, during the years from 2007 to 2009. Total area of trial was 9000 m² diving into five treatments. Samples were taken from five treatments: A, unfertilized; B, 25t.ha-1 farmyard manure; C, 50 t.ha-1 bio sludge; D, 50 t.ha-1 farmyard; E, 100 t.ha-1 biosludge. Collections of epigeic material were realised during vegetation period from April to October. Totally 60 472 individuals of soil organisms were collected from which 35 species totally. The higher abundance and higher level of dominance were determined by Coleoptera, Acarina, Araneidea, Collembola and Opilionidea. Other investigation epigeic groups were for example Formicoidea, Heteroptera, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Lumbricidea and otheras, they were represented abundance increased 5 %. Family Carabidae has dominant share in all treatments with 35 720 individuals. Other important families increased the biodiversity of this monitored site occurred as follows Silphidae, Cryptophagydae, Curculionidae, Liodidae, Scydmanidae, Coccinelidae and others. Focus of our experiment was followed by determination to particular family with special interest to Carabidae species. As the dominant species were determined Pseudoophonus rufipes and Brachinus crepitans. From other determined species increased 5 % of occurrence were determined Pterostichus melanarius, Pterostichus angustatus, Pterostichus cylindricus, Pterostichus niger, Pterostichus vernalis, Carabus coriaceus, Carabus ullrichi, Carabus violaceus, Badister bipustatulus, Harpalus distinquendus, Harpalus tardus and Calathus fuscipes. The attributes of specific identity according by Jaccard ranged from 58.33 to 80.95 %, and those of dominant identity from 86.58 to 96.02 %. The total attributes of diversity was 0.9559. Particular variability of abundance of evaluated communities was influenced by agro technology, year conditions with relation to type and amount of organic manure. Maximal abundance was also noted at unfertilized treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]