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1. A dusty proto-cluster surrounding the binary galaxy HerBS-70 at $z = 2.3$

Author

Bakx, Tom J. L. C., Berta, S., Dannerbauer, H., Cox, P., Butler, K. M., Hagimoto, M., Hughes, D. H., Riechers, D. A., van der Werf, P. P., Yang, C., Baker, A. J., Beelen, A., Bendo, G. J., Borsato, E., Buat, V., Cooray, A. R., Dunne, L., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Harris, A. I., Ismail, D., Ivison, R. J., Jones, B., Krips, M., Lehnert, M. D., Marchetti, L., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Neri, R., Omont, A., Perez-Fournon, I., Nanni, A., Chartab, N., Serjeant, S., Stanley, F., Tamura, Y., Urquhart, S. A., Vlahakis, C., Weiß, A., and Young, A. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report on deep SCUBA-2 observations at 850$\mu$m and NOEMA spectroscopic measurements at 2 mm of the environment surrounding the luminous, massive ($M_{*} \approx 2 \times 10^{11}$ M$_{\odot}$) Herschel-selected source HerBS-70. This source was revealed by previous NOEMA observations to be a binary system of dusty star-forming galaxies at $z= 2.3$, with the East component (HerBS-70E) hosting an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). The SCUBA-2 observations detected, in addition to the binary system, twenty-one sources at $> 3.5 \sigma$ over an area of $\sim 25$ square comoving Mpc with a sensitivity of $\sigma_{850} = 0.75$ mJy. The surface density of continuum sources around HerBS-70 is three times higher than for field galaxies. The NOEMA spectroscopic measurements confirm the protocluster membership of three of the nine brightest sources through their CO(4 - 3) line emission, yielding a volume density 36 times higher than for field galaxies. All five confirmed sub-mm galaxies in the HerBS-70 system have relatively short gas depletion times ($80 - 500$ Myr), indicating the onset of quenching for this protocluster core due to the depletion of gas. The dark matter halo mass of the HerBS-70 system is estimated around $5 \times{} 10^{13}$ M$_{\odot}$, with a projected current-day mass of $10^{15}$ M$_{\odot}$, similar to the local Virgo and Coma clusters. These observations support the claim that DSFGs, in particular the ones with observed multiplicity, can trace cosmic overdensities., Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2024

2. z-GAL -- A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies: [III] Physical properties

Author

Berta, S., Stanley, F., Ismail, D., Cox, P., Neri, R., Yang, C., Young, A. J., Jin, S., Dannerbauer, H., Bakx, T. J., Beelen, A., Weiss, A., Nanni, A., Omont, A., van der Werf, P., Krips, M., Baker, A. J., Bendo, G., Borsato, E., Buat, V., Butler, K. M., Chartab, N., Cooray, A., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Hughes, D., Ivison, R. J., Jones, B. M., Lehnert, M., Marchetti, L., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Perez-Fournon, I., Riechers, D. A., Serjeant, S., Urquhart, S., and Vlahakis, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The z-GAL survey observed 137 bright Herschel-selected targets with the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array, with the aim to measure their redshift and study their properties. Several of them have been resolved into multiple sources. Consequently, robust spectroscopic redshifts have been measured for 165 individual galaxies in the range 0.8

Published
2023
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3. z-GAL -- A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies: [II] Dust properties

Author

Ismail, D., Beelen, A., Buat, V., Berta, S., Cox, P., Stanley, F., Young, A., Jin, S., Neri, R., Bakx, T., Dannerbauer, H., Butler, K., Cooray, A., Nanni, A., Omont, A., Serjeant, S., van der Werf, P., Vlahakis, C., Weiss, A., Yang, C., Baker, A. J., Bendo, G., Borsato, E., Chartab, N., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Hughes, D., Ivison, R., Krips, B. M. Jones M., Lehnert, M., Marchetti, L., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Perez-Fournon, I., Riechers, D. A., and Urquhart, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

(Abridged) We present the dust properties of 125 bright Herschel galaxies selected from the z-GAL survey. The large instantaneous bandwidth of NOEMA provides an exquisite sampling of the underlying dust continuum emission at 2 and 3 mm in the observed frame, with flux densities in at least four side bands for each source. Together with the available Herschel 250, 350, and 500 micron and SCUBA-2 850 micron flux densities, the spectral energy distribution of each source can be analyzed from the far-infrared to the millimeter, with a fine sampling of the Rayleigh-Jeans tail. This wealth of data provides a solid basis to derive robust dust properties, in particular the dust emissivity index, beta, and the dust temperature, T(dust). In order to demonstrate our ability to constrain the dust properties, we used a flux-generated mock catalog and analyzed the results under the assumption of an optically thin and optically thick modified black body emission. For the z-GAL sources, we report a range of dust emissivities with beta ~ 1.5 - 3 estimated up to high precision with relative uncertainties that vary in the range 7% - 15%, and an average of 2.2 +/- 0.3. We find dust temperatures varying from 20 to 50 K with an average of T(dust) ~ 30 K for the optically thin case and ~38 K in the optically thick case. For all the sources, we estimate the dust masses and apparent infrared luminosities (based on the optically thin approach). An inverse correlation is found between T(dust) and beta, which is similar to what is seen in the local Universe. Finally, we report an increasing trend in the dust temperature as a function of redshift at a rate of 6.5 +/- 0.5 K/z for this 500 micron-selected sample. Based on this study, future prospects are outlined to further explore the evolution of dust temperature across cosmic time., Comment: Accepted for publication on A&A; 32 pages; 26 figures

Published
2023
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4. z-GAL -- A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies: [I] Overview

Author

Cox, P., Neri, R., Berta, S., Ismail, D., Stanley, F., Young, A., Jin, S., Bakx, T., Beelen, A., Dannerbauer, H., Krips, M., Lehnert, M., Omont, A., Riechers, D. A., Baker, A. J., Bendo, G., Borsato, E., Buat, V., Butler, K., Chartab, N., Cooray, A., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Hughes, D., Ivison, R., Jones, B. M., Marchetti, L., Messias, H., Nanni, A., Negrello, M., Perez-Fournon, I., Serjeant, S., Urquhart, S., Vlahakis, C., Weiss, A., van der Werf, P., and Yang, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

(Abridged) Using the IRAM NOEMA interferometer, we measures the redshifts of 126 bright galaxies detected in the Herschel H-ATLAS, HeLMS, and HerS surveys. We report reliable spectroscopic redshifts for a total of 124 of the Herschel-selected galaxies. The redshifts are estimated from scans of the 3 and 2-mm bands (and, in one case, the 1-mm band) and are based on the detection of at least two emission lines. Together with the Pilot Programme (Neri et al. 2020), including spectroscopic redshifts of 11 sources, our survey has derived precise redshifts for 135 bright Herschel-selected galaxies, making it the largest sample of high-z galaxies with robust redshifts to date. Most emission lines detected are from 12CO (mainly from J=2-1 to 5-4), with some sources seen in [CI] and H2O emission lines. The spectroscopic redshifts are in the range 0.8

Published
2023
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5. Bright Extragalactic ALMA Redshift Survey (BEARS) III: Detailed study of emission lines from 71 Herschel targets

Author

Hagimoto, M., Bakx, T. J. L. C., Serjeant, S., Bendo, G. J., Urquhart, S. A., Eales, S., Harrington, K. C., Tamura, Y., Umehata, H., Berta, S., Cooray, A. R., Cox, P., De Zotti, G., Lehnert, M. D., Riechers, D. A., Scott, D., Temi, P., van der Werf, P. P., Yang, C., Amvrosiadis, A., Andreani, P. M., Baker, A. J., Beelen, A., Borsato, E., Buat, V., Butler, K. M., Dannerbauer, H., Dunne, L., Dye, S., Enia, A. F. M., Fan, L., Gavazzi, R., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Harris, A. I., Herrera, C. N., Hughes, D. H., Ismail, D., Ivison, R. J., Jones, B., Kohno, K., Krips, M., Lagache, G., Marchetti, L., Massardi, M., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Neri, R., Omont, A., Perez-Fournon, I., Sedgwick, C., Smith, M. W. L., Stanley, F., Verma, A., Vlahakis, C., Ward, B., Weiner, C., Weiss, A., and Young, A. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We analyse the molecular and atomic emission lines of 71 bright Herschel-selected galaxies between redshifts 1.4 to 4.6 detected by the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array. These lines include a total of 156 CO, [C I], and H2O emission lines. For 46 galaxies, we detect two transitions of CO lines, and for these galaxies we find gas properties similar to those of other dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) samples. A comparison to photo-dissociation models suggests that most of Herschel-selected galaxies have similar interstellar medium conditions as local infrared-luminous galaxies and high-redshift DSFGs, although with denser gas and more intense far-ultraviolet radiation fields than normal star-forming galaxies. The line luminosities agree with the luminosity scaling relations across five orders of magnitude, although the star-formation and gas surface density distributions (i.e., Schmidt-Kennicutt relation) suggest a different star-formation phase in our galaxies (and other DSFGs) compared to local and low-redshift gas-rich, normal star-forming systems. The gas-to-dust ratios of these galaxies are similar to Milky Way values, with no apparent redshift evolution. Four of 46 sources appear to have CO line ratios in excess of the expected maximum (thermalized) profile, suggesting a rare phase in the evolution of DSFGs. Finally, we create a deep stacked spectrum over a wide rest-frame frequency (220-890 GHz) that reveals faint transitions from HCN and CH, in line with previous stacking experiments., Comment: 30 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal. Comments are warmly welcomed

Published
2023
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6. The Bright Extragalactic ALMA Redshift Survey (BEARS) II: Millimetre photometry of gravitational lens candidates

Author

Bendo, G. J., Urquhart, S. A., Serjeant, S., Bakx, T., Hagimoto, M., Cox, P., Neri, R., Lehnert, M. D., Dannerbauer, H., Amvrosiadis, A., Andreani, P., Baker, A. J., Beelen, A., Berta, S., Borsato, E., Buat, V., Butler, K. M., Cooray, A., De Zotti, G., Dunne, L., Dye, S., Eales, S., Enia, A., Fan, L., Gavazzi, R., González-Nuevo, J., Harris, A. I., Herrera, C. N., Hughes, D. H., Ismail, D., Jones, B. M., Kohno, K., Krips, M., Lagache, G., Marchetti, L., Massardi, M., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Omont, A., Pérez-Fournon, I., Riechers, D. A., Scott, D., Smith, M. W. L., Stanley, F., Tamura, Y., Temi, P., van der Werf, P., Verma, A., Vlahakis, C., Weiß, A., Yang, C., and Young, A. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present 101 and 151 GHz ALMA continuum images for 85 fields selected from Herschel observations that have 500 micron flux densities >80 mJy and 250-500 micron colours consistent with z > 2, most of which are expected to be gravitationally lensed or hyperluminous infrared galaxies. Approximately half of the Herschel 500 micron sources were resolved into multiple ALMA sources, but 11 of the 15 brightest 500 micron Herschel sources correspond to individual ALMA sources. For the 37 fields containing either a single source with a spectroscopic redshift or two sources with the same spectroscopic redshift, we examined the colour temperatures and dust emissivity indices. The colour temperatures only vary weakly with redshift and are statistically consistent with no redshift-dependent temperature variations, which generally corresponds to results from other samples selected in far-infrared, submillimetre, or millimetre bands but not to results from samples selected in optical or near-infrared bands. The dust emissivity indices, with very few exceptions, are largely consistent with a value of 2. We also compared spectroscopic redshifts to photometric redshifts based on spectral energy distribution templates designed for infrared-bright high-redshift galaxies. While the templates systematically underestimate the redshifts by ~15%, the inclusion of ALMA data decreases the scatter in the predicted redshifts by a factor of ~2, illustrating the potential usefulness of these millimetre data for estimating photometric redshifts., Comment: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Published
2023
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7. The Bright Extragalactic ALMA Redshift Survey (BEARS) I: redshifts of bright gravitationally-lensed galaxies from the Herschel ATLAS

Author

Urquhart, S. A., Bendo, G. J., Serjeant, S., Bakx, T., Hagimoto, M., Cox, P., Neri, R., Lehnert, M., Sedgwick, C., Weiner, C., Dannerbauer, H., Amvrosiadis, A., Andreani, P., Baker, A. J., Beelen, A., Berta, S., Borsato, E., Buat, V., Butler, K. M., Cooray, A., De Zotti, G., Dunne, L., Dye, S., Eales, S., Enia, A., Fan, L., Gavazzi, R., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Harris, A. I., Herrera, C. N., Hughes, D., Ismail, D., Ivison, R., Jin, S., Jones, B., Kohno, K., Krips, M., Lagache, G., Marchetti, L., Massardi, M., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Omont, A., Perez-Fournon, I., Riechers, D. A., Scott, D., Smith, M. W. L., Stanley, F., Tamura, Y., Temi, P., Vlahakis, C., Weiss, A., van der Werf, P., Verma, A., Yang, C., and Young, A. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present spectroscopic measurements for 71 galaxies associated with 62 of the brightest high-redshift submillimeter sources from the Southern fields of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS), while targeting 85 sources which resolved into 142. We have obtained robust redshift measurements for all sources using the 12-m Array and an efficient tuning of ALMA to optimise its use as a redshift hunter, with 73 per cent of the sources having a robust redshift identification. Nine of these redshift identifications also rely on observations from the Atacama Compact Array. The spectroscopic redshifts span a range $1.41

Published
2022
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8. Close-up view of a luminous star-forming galaxy at z=2.95

Author

Berta, S., Young, A. J., Cox, P., Neri, R., Jones, B. M., Baker, A. J., Omont, A., Dunne, L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Marchetti, L., Negrello, M., Yang, C., Riechers, D. A., Dannerbauer, H., Perez-Fournon, I., van der Werf, P., Bakx, T., Ivison, R. J., Beelen, A., Buat, V., Cooray, A., Cortzen, I., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Harris, A. I., Herrera, C. N., Hughes, D., Jin, S., Krips, M., Lagache, G., Lehnert, M., Messias, H., Serjeant, S., Stanley, F., Urquhart, S., Vlahakis, C., and Weiss, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

(Abridged) Exploiting the sensitivity and broad band width of NOEMA, we have studied the molecular gas and dust in the galaxy HerBS-89a, at z=2.95. High angular resolution images reveal a partial 1.0" diameter Einstein ring in the dust continuum emission and the molecular emission lines of 12CO(9-8) and H2O(2_02-1_11). We report the detection of the three fundamental transitions of the molecular ion OH+, seen in absorption; the molecular ion CH+(1-0) seen in absorption (and tentatively in emission); two transitions of amidogen (NH2), seen in emission; and HCN(11-10) and/or NH(1_2-0_1) seen in absorption. The NOEMA data are complemented with VLA data tracing the 12CO(1-0) emission line, which provides a measurement of the total mass of molecular gas and an anchor for a CO excitation analysis. In addition, we present HST imaging that reveals the foreground lensing galaxy in the near-infrared. Together with data from the GTC, we derive a photometric redshift of z(phot)~0.9 for the foreground lensing galaxy. Modelling the lensing of HerBS-89a, we reconstruct the dust continuum and molecular emission lines (magnified by a factor ~4-5) in the source plane. The 12CO(9-8) and H2O emission lines have comparable spatial and kinematic distributions; the source-plane reconstructions do not clearly distinguish between a one-component and a two-component scenario, but the latter accounts for the observed broad line widths. HerBS-89a is a powerful star forming galaxy with a dust-to-gas ratio delta(GDR)~80, a SFR = 614 +/- 59 Msun/yr and a depletion timescale tau(depl) = (3.4 +/- 1.0) 1e8 years. The OH+ and CH+ absorption lines, all have their main velocity component red-shifted by \Delta(V)~100 km/s relative to the global CO reservoir. We argue that these absorption lines trace a rare example of gas inflow towards the center of the galaxy., Comment: 33 pages, Accepted for publication on A&A

Published
2020
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9. IRAM 30m-EMIR Redshift Search of z = 3-4 Lensed Dusty Starbursts selected from the HerBS sample

Author

Bakx, T. J. L. C., Dannerbauer, H., Frayer, D., Eales, S. A., Pérez-Fournon, I., Cai, Z. -Y., Clements, D. L., De Zotti, G., González-Nuevo, J., Ivison, R. J., Lapi, A., Michałowski, M. J., Negrello, M., Serjeant, S., Smith, M. W. L., Temi, P., Urquhart, S., and van der Werf, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Using the EMIR instrument on the IRAM 30m telescope, we conducted a spectroscopic redshift search of seven z$_{\rm phot}$ $\sim$ 4 sub-millimetre bright galaxies selected from the Herschel Bright Sources (HerBS) sample with fluxes at 500 $\mu$m greater than 80 mJy. For four sources, we obtained spectroscopic redshifts between 3.4 < z < 4.1 through the detection of multiple CO-spectral lines with J $\leq$ 3. Later, we detected low-J transitions for two of these sources with the GBT including the CO(1-0) transition. For the remaining three sources, more data are needed to determine the spectroscopic redshift unambiguously. The measured CO luminosities and line widths suggest that all these sources are gravitationally lensed. These observations demonstrate that the 2 mm window is indispensable to confirm robust spectroscopic redshifts for z < 4 sources. Finally, we present an efficient graphical method to correctly identify spectroscopic redshifts., Comment: 20 Pages, 8 Figures + 7 Appendix Figures + 1 animated figure. Resubmitted in order to reflect the version as printed in MNRAS

Published
2020
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10. NOEMA redshift measurements of bright Herschel galaxies

Author

Neri, R., Cox, P., Omont, A., Beelen, A., Berta, S., Bakx, T., Lehnert, M., Baker, A. J., Buat, V., Cooray, A., Dannerbauer, H., Dunne, L., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Harris, A. I., Herrera, C. N., Hughes, D., Ivison, R., Jin, S., Krips, M., Lagache, G., Marchetti, L., Messias, H., Negrello, M., Perez-Fournon, I., Riechers, D. A., Serjeant, S., Urquhart, S., Vlahakis, C., Weiss, A., van der Werf, P., Yang, C., and Young, A. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Using the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA), we conducted a program to measure redshifts for 13 bright galaxies detected in the Herschel Astrophysical Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) with $S_{500{\mu}\rm m}\ge$80 mJy. We report reliable spectroscopic redshifts for 12 individual sources, which are derived from scans of the 3 and 2 mm bands, covering up to 31 GHz in each band, and are based on the detection of at least two emission lines. The spectroscopic redshifts are in the range $2.08 10^{13}\,L_\odot$ galaxies. We also present a reanalysis of the spectral energy distributions including the continuum flux densities measured at 3 and 2 mm to derive the overall properties of the sources. Future prospects based on these efficient measurements of redshifts of high-z galaxies using NOEMA are outlined, including a comprehensive survey of all the brightest Herschel galaxies., Comment: 18 pages, 21 figures

Published
2019
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11. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey - II. First data release

Author

Shimwell, T. W., Tasse, C., Hardcastle, M. J., Mechev, A. P., Williams, W. L., Best, P. N., Röttgering, H. J. A., Callingham, J. R., Dijkema, T. J., de Gasperin, F., Hoang, D. N., Hugo, B., Mirmont, M., Oonk, J. B. R., Prandoni, I., Rafferty, D., Sabater, J., Smirnov, O., van Weeren, R. J., White, G. J., Atemkeng, M., Bester, L., Bonnassieux, E., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Chyży, K. T., Cochrane, R., Conway, J. E., Croston, J. H., Danezi, A., Duncan, K., Haverkorn, M., Heald, G. H., Iacobelli, M., Intema, H. T., Jackson, N., Jamrozy, M., Jarvis, M. J., Lakhoo, R., Mevius, M., Miley, G. K., Morabito, L., Morganti, R., Nisbet, D., Orrú, E., Perkins, S., Pizzo, R. F., Schrijvers, C., Smith, D. J. B., Vermeulen, R., Wise, M. W., Alegre, L., Bacon, D. J., van Bemmel, I. M., Beswick, R. J., Bonafede, A., Botteon, A., Bourke, S., Brienza, M., Rivera, G. Calistro, Cassano, R., Clarke, A. O., Conselice, C. J., Dettmar, R. J., Drabent, A., Dumba, C., Emig, K. L., Enßlin, T. A., Ferrari, C., Garrett, M. A., Génova-Santos, R. T., Goyal, A., Gürkan, G., Hale, C., Harwood, J. J., Heesen, V., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., Jackson, C., Kokotanekov, G., Kondapally, R., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Mahatma, V., Mahony, E. K., Mandal, S., McKean, J. P., Merloni, A., Mingo, B., Miskolczi, A., Mooney, S., Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., O'Sullivan, S. P., Quinn, J., Reich, W., Roskowiński, C., Rowlinson, A., Savini, F., Saxena, A., Schwarz, D. J., Shulevski, A., Sridhar, S. S., Stacey, H. R., Urquhart, S., van der Wiel, M. H. D., Varenius, E., Webster, B., and Wilber, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) is an ongoing sensitive, high-resolution 120-168MHz survey of the entire northern sky for which observations are now 20% complete. We present our first full-quality public data release. For this data release 424 square degrees, or 2% of the eventual coverage, in the region of the HETDEX Spring Field (right ascension 10h45m00s to 15h30m00s and declination 45$^\circ$00$'$00$''$ to 57$^\circ$00$'$00$''$) were mapped using a fully automated direction-dependent calibration and imaging pipeline that we developed. A total of 325,694 sources are detected with a signal of at least five times the noise, and the source density is a factor of $\sim 10$ higher than the most sensitive existing very wide-area radio-continuum surveys. The median sensitivity is S$_{\rm 144 MHz} = 71\,\mu$Jy beam$^{-1}$ and the point-source completeness is 90% at an integrated flux density of 0.45mJy. The resolution of the images is 6$''$ and the positional accuracy is within 0.2$''$. This data release consists of a catalogue containing location, flux, and shape estimates together with 58 mosaic images that cover the catalogued area. In this paper we provide an overview of the data release with a focus on the processing of the LOFAR data and the characteristics of the resulting images. In two accompanying papers we provide the radio source associations and deblending and, where possible, the optical identifications of the radio sources together with the photometric redshifts and properties of the host galaxies. These data release papers are published together with a further $\sim$20 articles that highlight the scientific potential of LoTSS., Comment: 16 figures, 1 table and 22 pages. This paper is part of the LOFAR surveys data release 1 and has been accepted for publication in a special edition of A&A that will appear in Feb 2019, volume 622. The catalogues and images from the data release will be publicly available on lofar-surveys.org upon publication of the journal

Published
2018
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12. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) III. First Data Release: optical/IR identifications and value-added catalogue

Author

Williams, W. L., Hardcastle, M. J., Best, P. N., Sabater, J., Croston, J. H., Duncan, K. J., Shimwell, T. W., Röttgering, H. J. A., Nisbet, D., Gürkan, G., Alegre, L., Cochrane, R. K., Goyal, A., Hale, C. L., Jackson, N., Jamrozy, M., Kondapally, R., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Mahatma, V. H., Mingo, B., Morabito, L. K., Prandoni, I., Roskowinski, C., Shulevski, A., Smith, D. J. B., Tasse, C., Urquhart, S., Webster, B., White, G. J., Beswick, R. J., Callingham, J. R., Chyży, K. T., de Gasperin, F., Harwood, J. J., Hoeft, M., Iacobelli, M., McKean, J. P., Mechev, A. P., Miley, G. K., Schwarz, D. J., and van Weeren, R. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) is an ongoing sensitive, high-resolution 120-168 MHz survey of the Northern sky with diverse and ambitious science goals. Many of the scientific objectives of LoTSS rely upon, or are enhanced by, the association or separation of the sometimes incorrectly catalogued radio components into distinct radio sources, and the identification and characterisation of the optical counterparts to these sources. Here we present the source associations and optical and/or IR identifications for sources in the first data release, which are made using a combination of statistical techniques and visual association and identification. We document in detail the colour- and magnitude-dependent likelihood ratio method used for statistical identification as well as the Zooniverse project, called LOFAR Galaxy Zoo, used for the visual classification. We describe the process used to select which of these two different methods is most appropriate for each LoTSS source. The final LoTSS-DR1-IDs value-added catalogue presented contains 318,520 radio sources, of which 231,716 (73%) have optical and/or IR identifications in Pan-STARRS and WISE. The value-added catalogue is available online at https://lofar-surveys.org/, as part of this data release., Comment: 8 figures, 5 tables and 23 pages. This paper is part of the LOFAR surveys data release 1 and has been accepted for publication in a special edition of A&A that will appear in Feb 2019, volume 622. The catalogues and images from the data release will be publicly available at https://lofar-surveys.org/ upon publication in the journal

Published
2018
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13. A dusty proto-cluster surrounding the binary galaxy HerBS-70 at z = 2.3

Author

Bakx, Tom J L C, primary, Berta, S, additional, Dannerbauer, H, additional, Cox, P, additional, Butler, K M, additional, Hagimoto, M, additional, Hughes, D H, additional, Riechers, D A, additional, van der Werf, P P, additional, Yang, C, additional, Baker, A J, additional, Beelen, A, additional, Bendo, G J, additional, Borsato, E, additional, Buat, V, additional, Cooray, A R, additional, Dunne, L, additional, Dye, S, additional, Eales, S, additional, Gavazzi, R, additional, Harris, A I, additional, Ismail, D, additional, Ivison, R J, additional, Jones, B, additional, Krips, M, additional, Lehnert, M D, additional, Marchetti, L, additional, Messias, H, additional, Negrello, M, additional, Neri, R, additional, Omont, A, additional, Perez-Fournon, I, additional, Nanni, A, additional, Chartab, N, additional, Serjeant, S, additional, Stanley, F, additional, Tamura, Y, additional, Urquhart, S A, additional, Vlahakis, C, additional, Weiß, A, additional, and Young, A J, additional

Published
2024
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15. z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies

Author

Cox, P., primary, Neri, R., additional, Berta, S., additional, Ismail, D., additional, Stanley, F., additional, Young, A., additional, Jin, S., additional, Bakx, T., additional, Beelen, A., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Krips, M., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Omont, A., additional, Riechers, D. A., additional, Baker, A. J., additional, Bendo, G., additional, Borsato, E., additional, Buat, V., additional, Butler, K., additional, Chartab, N., additional, Cooray, A., additional, Dye, S., additional, Eales, S., additional, Gavazzi, R., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Ivison, R., additional, Jones, B. M., additional, Marchetti, L., additional, Messias, H., additional, Nanni, A., additional, Negrello, M., additional, Perez-Fournon, I., additional, Serjeant, S., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, Vlahakis, C., additional, Weiß, A., additional, van der Werf, P., additional, and Yang, C., additional

Published
2024
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16. Characterization of Herschel-selected strong lens candidates through HST and sub-mm/mm observations

Author

Borsato, E, primary, Marchetti, L, additional, Negrello, M, additional, Corsini, E M, additional, Wake, D, additional, Amvrosiadis, A, additional, Baker, A J, additional, Bakx, T J L C, additional, Beelen, A, additional, Berta, S, additional, Beyer, A, additional, Clements, D L, additional, Cooray, A, additional, Cox, P, additional, Dannerbauer, H, additional, de Zotti, G, additional, Dye, S, additional, Eales, S A, additional, Enia, A, additional, Farrah, D, additional, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, additional, Hughes, D H, additional, Ismail, D, additional, Jin, S, additional, Lapi, A, additional, Lehnert, M D, additional, Neri, R, additional, Pérez-Fournon, I, additional, Riechers, D A, additional, Rodighiero, G, additional, Scott, D, additional, Serjeant, S, additional, Stanley, F, additional, Urquhart, S, additional, van der Werf, P, additional, Vaccari, M, additional, Wang, L, additional, Yang, C, additional, and Young, A, additional

Published
2023
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17. z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of brightHerschelgalaxies

Author

Cox, P., primary, Neri, R., additional, Berta, S., additional, Ismail, D., additional, Stanley, F., additional, Young, A., additional, Jin, S., additional, Bakx, T., additional, Beelen, A., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Krips, M., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Omont, A., additional, Riechers, D. A., additional, Baker, A. J., additional, Bendo, G., additional, Borsato, E., additional, Buat, V., additional, Butler, K., additional, Chartab, N., additional, Cooray, A., additional, Dye, S., additional, Eales, S., additional, Gavazzi, R., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Ivison, R., additional, Jones, B. M., additional, Marchetti, L., additional, Messias, H., additional, Nanni, A., additional, Negrello, M., additional, Perez-Fournon, I., additional, Serjeant, S., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, Vlahakis, C., additional, Weiß, A., additional, van der Werf, P., additional, and Yang, C., additional

Published
2023
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18. z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of brightHerschelgalaxies

Author

Ismail, D., primary, Beelen, A., additional, Buat, V., additional, Berta, S., additional, Cox, P., additional, Stanley, F., additional, Young, A., additional, Jin, S., additional, Neri, R., additional, Bakx, T., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Butler, K., additional, Cooray, A., additional, Nanni, A., additional, Omont, A., additional, Serjeant, S., additional, van der Werf, P., additional, Vlahakis, C., additional, Weiß, A., additional, Yang, C., additional, Baker, A. J., additional, Bendo, G., additional, Borsato, E., additional, Chartab, N., additional, Dye, S., additional, Eales, S., additional, Gavazzi, R., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Ivison, R., additional, Jones, B. M., additional, Krips, M., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Marchetti, L., additional, Messias, H., additional, Negrello, M., additional, Perez-Fournon, I., additional, Riechers, D. A., additional, and Urquhart, S., additional

Published
2023
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19. z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies

Author

Berta, S., primary, Stanley, F., additional, Ismail, D., additional, Cox, P., additional, Neri, R., additional, Yang, C., additional, Young, A. J., additional, Jin, S., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Bakx, T. J. L. C., additional, Beelen, A., additional, Weiß, A., additional, Nanni, A., additional, Omont, A., additional, van der Werf, P., additional, Krips, M., additional, Baker, A. J., additional, Bendo, G., additional, Borsato, E., additional, Buat, V., additional, Butler, K. M., additional, Chartab, N., additional, Cooray, A., additional, Dye, S., additional, Eales, S., additional, Gavazzi, R., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Ivison, R. J., additional, Jones, B. M., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Marchetti, L., additional, Messias, H., additional, Negrello, M., additional, Perez-Fournon, I., additional, Riechers, D. A., additional, Serjeant, S., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, and Vlahakis, C., additional

Published
2023
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20. An environmental Butcher-Oemler effect in intermediate redshift X-ray clusters

Author

Urquhart, S. A., Willis, J. P., Hoekstra, H., and Pierre, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present uniform CFHT Megacam g and r photometry for 34 X-ray selected galaxy clusters drawn from the X-ray Multi-Mirror (XMM) Large Scale Structure (LSS) survey and the Canadian Cluster Comparison Project (CCCP). The clusters possess well determined X-ray temperatures spanning the range 1

Published
2010
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21. Bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) III: detailed study of emission lines from 71Herscheltargets

Author

Hagimoto, M, primary, Bakx, T J L C, additional, Serjeant, S, additional, Bendo, G J, additional, Urquhart, S A, additional, Eales, S, additional, Harrington, K C, additional, Tamura, Y, additional, Umehata, H, additional, Berta, S, additional, Cooray, A R, additional, Cox, P, additional, De Zotti, G, additional, Lehnert, M D, additional, Riechers, D A, additional, Scott, D, additional, Temi, P, additional, van der Werf, P P, additional, Yang, C, additional, Amvrosiadis, A, additional, Andreani, P M, additional, Baker, A J, additional, Beelen, A, additional, Borsato, E, additional, Buat, V, additional, Butler, K M, additional, Dannerbauer, H, additional, Dunne, L, additional, Dye, S, additional, Enia, A F M, additional, Fan, L, additional, Gavazzi, R, additional, González-Nuevo, J, additional, Harris, A I, additional, Herrera, C N, additional, Hughes, D H, additional, Ismail, D, additional, Ivison, R J, additional, Jones, B, additional, Kohno, K, additional, Krips, M, additional, Lagache, G, additional, Marchetti, L, additional, Massardi, M, additional, Messias, H, additional, Negrello, M, additional, Neri, R, additional, Omont, A, additional, Perez-Fournon, I, additional, Sedgwick, C, additional, Smith, M W L, additional, Stanley, F, additional, Verma, A, additional, Vlahakis, C, additional, Ward, B, additional, Weiner, C, additional, Weiß, A, additional, and Young, A J, additional

Published
2023
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22. The bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) – II. Millimetre photometry of gravitational lens candidates.

Author

Bendo, G J, Urquhart, S A, Serjeant, S, Bakx, T, Hagimoto, M, Cox, P, Neri, R, Lehnert, M D, Dannerbauer, H, Amvrosiadis, A, Andreani, P, Baker, A J, Beelen, A, Berta, S, Borsato, E, Buat, V, Butler, K M, Cooray, A, De Zotti, G, and Dunne, L

Subjects
REDSHIFT, GALACTIC redshift, SPECTRAL energy distribution, PHOTOMETRY, GRAVITATIONAL lenses, ACTINIC flux, ASTRONOMICAL photometry
Abstract

We present 101- and 151-GHz ALMA continuum images for 85 fields selected from Herschel observations that have 500-μm flux densities >80 mJy and 250–500-μm colours consistent with z > 2, most of which are expected to be gravitationally lensed or hyperluminous infrared galaxies. Approximately half of the Herschel 500-μm sources were resolved into multiple ALMA sources, but 11 of the 15 brightest 500-μm Herschel sources correspond to individual ALMA sources. For the 37 fields containing either a single source with a spectroscopic redshift or two sources with the same spectroscopic redshift, we examined the colour temperatures and dust emissivity indices. The colour temperatures only vary weakly with redshift and are statistically consistent with no redshift-dependent temperature variations, which generally corresponds to results from other samples selected in far-infrared, submillimetre, or millimetre bands but not to results from samples selected in optical or near-infrared bands. The dust emissivity indices, with very few exceptions, are largely consistent with a value of 2. We also compared spectroscopic redshifts to photometric redshifts based on spectral energy distribution templates designed for infrared-bright high-redshift galaxies. While the templates systematically underestimate the redshifts by ∼15 per cent, the inclusion of ALMA data decreases the scatter in the predicted redshifts by a factor of ∼2, illustrating the potential usefulness of these millimetre data for estimating photometric redshifts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. The bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) I: redshifts of bright gravitationally lensed galaxies from the Herschel ATLAS

Author

Dye, S, Urquhart, S A, Bendo, G J, Serjeant, S, Bakx, T, Hagimoto, M, Cox, P, Neri, R, Lehnert, M, Sedgwick, C, Weiner, C, Dannerbauer, H, Amvrosiadis, A, Andreani, P, Baker, A J, Beelen, A, Berta, S, Borsato, E, Buat, V, Butler, K M, Cooray, A, De Zotti, G, Kohno, K, Dunne, L, Eales, S, Enia, A, Fan, L, Gavazzi, R, Harris, A I, Herrera, C N, Hughes, D, Ismail, D, Ivison, R, Jin, S, Jones, B, Krips, M, Lagache, G, Marchetti, L, Massardi, M, Messias, H, Negrello, M, Omont, A, Perez-Fournon, I, Riechers, D A, Scott, D, Smith, M W L, Stanley, F, Tamura, Y, Temi, P, Vlahakis, C, Werf, P, Verma, A, Yang, C, and Young, A J

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract

We present spectroscopic measurements for 71 galaxies associated with 62 of the brightest high-redshift submillimetre sources from the Southern fields of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS), while targeting 85 sources which resolved into 142. We have obtained robust redshift measurements for all sources using the 12-m Array and an efficient tuning of ALMA to optimize its use as a redshift hunter, with 73 per cent of the sources having a robust redshift identification. Nine of these redshift identifications also rely on observations from the Atacama Compact Array. The spectroscopic redshifts span a range 1.41 < z < 4.53 with a mean value of 2.75, and the CO emission line full-width at half-maxima range between 110kms−1

Published
2022

25. The bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) – II. Millimetre photometry of gravitational lens candidates

Author

Bendo, G J, primary, Urquhart, S A, additional, Serjeant, S, additional, Bakx, T, additional, Hagimoto, M, additional, Cox, P, additional, Neri, R, additional, Lehnert, M D, additional, Dannerbauer, H, additional, Amvrosiadis, A, additional, Andreani, P, additional, Baker, A J, additional, Beelen, A, additional, Berta, S, additional, Borsato, E, additional, Buat, V, additional, Butler, K M, additional, Cooray, A, additional, De Zotti, G, additional, Dunne, L, additional, Dye, S, additional, Eales, S, additional, Enia, A, additional, Fan, L, additional, Gavazzi, R, additional, González-Nuevo, J, additional, Harris, A I, additional, Herrera, C N, additional, Hughes, D H, additional, Ismail, D, additional, Jones, B M, additional, Kohno, K, additional, Krips, M, additional, Lagache, G, additional, Marchetti, L, additional, Massardi, M, additional, Messias, H, additional, Negrello, M, additional, Omont, A, additional, Pérez-Fournon, I, additional, Riechers, D A, additional, Scott, D, additional, Smith, M W L, additional, Stanley, F, additional, Tamura, Y, additional, Temi, P, additional, van der Werf, P, additional, Verma, A, additional, Vlahakis, C, additional, Weiß, A, additional, Yang, C, additional, and Young, A J, additional

Published
2022
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26. The bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) I: redshifts of bright gravitationally lensed galaxies from the Herschel ATLAS

Author

Urquhart, S A, primary, Bendo, G J, additional, Serjeant, S, additional, Bakx, T, additional, Hagimoto, M, additional, Cox, P, additional, Neri, R, additional, Lehnert, M, additional, Sedgwick, C, additional, Weiner, C, additional, Dannerbauer, H, additional, Amvrosiadis, A, additional, Andreani, P, additional, Baker, A J, additional, Beelen, A, additional, Berta, S, additional, Borsato, E, additional, Buat, V, additional, Butler, K M, additional, Cooray, A, additional, De Zotti, G, additional, Dunne, L, additional, Dye, S, additional, Eales, S, additional, Enia, A, additional, Fan, L, additional, Gavazzi, R, additional, González-Nuevo, J, additional, Harris, A I, additional, Herrera, C N, additional, Hughes, D, additional, Ismail, D, additional, Ivison, R, additional, Jin, S, additional, Jones, B, additional, Kohno, K, additional, Krips, M, additional, Lagache, G, additional, Marchetti, L, additional, Massardi, M, additional, Messias, H, additional, Negrello, M, additional, Omont, A, additional, Perez-Fournon, I, additional, Riechers, D A, additional, Scott, D, additional, Smith, M W L, additional, Stanley, F, additional, Tamura, Y, additional, Temi, P, additional, Vlahakis, C, additional, Weiß, A, additional, van der Werf, P, additional, Verma, A, additional, Yang, C, additional, and Young, A J, additional

Published
2022
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27. Close-up view of a luminous star-forming galaxy at z=2.95

Author

Berta, S., Young, A.J., Cox, P., Neri, R., Jones, B.M., Baker, A.J., Omont, A., Dunne, L., Carnero Rosell, A., Marchetti, L., Negrello, M., Yang, C., Riechers, D.A., Dannerbauer, H., Perez-Fournon, I., van der Werf, P., Bakx, T., Ivison, R.J., Beelen, A., Buat, V., Cooray, A., Cortzen, I., Dye, S., Eales, S., Gavazzi, R., Harris, A.I., Herrera, C.N., Hughes, D., Jin, S., Krips, M., Lagache, G., Lehnert, M., Messias, H., Serjeant, S., Stanley, F., Urquhart, S., and Vlahakis, C.

Abstract

Exploiting the sensitivity of the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) and its ability to process large instantaneous bandwidths, we have studied the morphology and other properties of the molecular gas and dust in the star forming galaxy, H-ATLAS J131611.5+281219 (HerBS-89a), at z = 2.95. High angular resolution (0.″3) images reveal a partial 1.″0 diameter Einstein ring in the dust continuum emission and the molecular emission lines of 12CO(9−8) and H2O(202 − 111). Together with lower angular resolution (0.″6) images, we report the detection of a series of molecular lines including the three fundamental transitions of the molecular ion OH+, namely (11 − 01), (12 − 01), and (10 − 01), seen in absorption; the molecular ion CH+(1 − 0) seen in absorption, and tentatively in emission; two transitions of amidogen (NH2), namely (202 − 111) and (220 − 211) seen in emission; and HCN(11 − 10) and/or NH(12 − 01) seen in absorption. The NOEMA data are complemented with Very Large Array data tracing the 12CO(1 − 0) emission line, which provides a measurement of the total mass of molecular gas and an anchor for a CO excitation analysis. In addition, we present Hubble Space Telescope imaging that reveals the foreground lensing galaxy in the near-infrared (1.15 μm). Together with photometric data from the Gran Telescopio Canarias, we derive a photometric redshift of zphot = 0.9−0.5+0.3 for the foreground lensing galaxy. Modeling the lensing of HerBS-89a, we reconstruct the dust continuum (magnified by a factor μ ≃ 5.0) and molecular emission lines (magnified by μ ∼ 4 − 5) in the source plane, which probe scales of ∼0.″1 (or 800 pc). The 12CO(9 − 8) and H2O(202 − 111) emission lines have comparable spatial and kinematic distributions; the source-plane reconstructions do not clearly distinguish between a one-component and a two-component scenario, but the latter, which reveals two compact rotating components with sizes of ≈1 kpc that are likely merging, more naturally accounts for the broad line widths observed in HerBS-89a. In the core of HerBS-89a, very dense gas with nH2 ∼ 107 − 9 cm−3 is revealed by the NH2 emission lines and the possible HCN(11 − 10) absorption line. HerBS-89a is a powerful star forming galaxy with a molecular gas mass of Mmol = (2.1 ± 0.4) × 1011 M⊙, an infrared luminosity of LIR = (4.6 ± 0.4) × 1012 L⊙, and a dust mass of Mdust = (2.6 ± 0.2) × 109 M⊙, yielding a dust-to-gas ratio δGDR ≈ 80. We derive a star formation rate SFR = 614 ± 59 M⊙ yr−1 and a depletion timescale τdepl = (3.4 ± 1.0) × 108 years. The OH+ and CH+ absorption lines, which trace low (∼100 cm−3) density molecular gas, all have their main velocity component red-shifted by ΔV ∼ 100 km s−1 relative to the global CO reservoir. We argue that these absorption lines trace a rare example of gas inflow toward the center of a galaxy, indicating that HerBS-89a is accreting gas from its surroundings.

Published
2021

28. bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) I: redshifts of bright gravitationally lensed galaxies from the Herschel ATLAS.

Author

Urquhart, S A, Bendo, G J, Serjeant, S, Bakx, T, Hagimoto, M, Cox, P, Neri, R, Lehnert, M, Sedgwick, C, Weiner, C, Dannerbauer, H, Amvrosiadis, A, Andreani, P, Baker, A J, Beelen, A, Berta, S, Borsato, E, Buat, V, Butler, K M, and Cooray, A

Subjects
*REDSHIFT, *GALAXIES, *SUBMILLIMETER astronomy, *GALACTIC redshift, *GALAXY clusters
Abstract

We present spectroscopic measurements for 71 galaxies associated with 62 of the brightest high-redshift submillimetre sources from the Southern fields of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS), while targeting 85 sources which resolved into 142. We have obtained robust redshift measurements for all sources using the 12-m Array and an efficient tuning of ALMA to optimize its use as a redshift hunter, with 73 per cent of the sources having a robust redshift identification. Nine of these redshift identifications also rely on observations from the Atacama Compact Array. The spectroscopic redshifts span a range 1.41 < z < 4.53 with a mean value of 2.75, and the CO emission line full-width at half-maxima range between |$\rm 110\, km\, s^{-1} \lt FWHM \lt 1290\, km\, s^{-1}$| with a mean value of ∼500 km s−1, in line with other high- z samples. The derived CO(1-0) luminosity is significantly elevated relative to line-width to CO(1-0) luminosity scaling relation, which is suggestive of lensing magnification across our sources. In fact, the distribution of magnification factors inferred from the CO equivalent widths is consistent with expectations from galaxy–galaxy lensing models, though there is a hint of an excess at large magnifications that may be attributable to the additional lensing optical depth from galaxy groups or clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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29. Close-up view of a luminous star-forming galaxy at z = 2.95

Author

Berta, S., primary, Young, A. J., additional, Cox, P., additional, Neri, R., additional, Jones, B. M., additional, Baker, A. J., additional, Omont, A., additional, Dunne, L., additional, Carnero Rosell, A., additional, Marchetti, L., additional, Negrello, M., additional, Yang, C., additional, Riechers, D. A., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Perez-Fournon, I., additional, van der Werf, P., additional, Bakx, T., additional, Ivison, R. J., additional, Beelen, A., additional, Buat, V., additional, Cooray, A., additional, Cortzen, I., additional, Dye, S., additional, Eales, S., additional, Gavazzi, R., additional, Harris, A. I., additional, Herrera, C. N., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Jin, S., additional, Krips, M., additional, Lagache, G., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Messias, H., additional, Serjeant, S., additional, Stanley, F., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, Vlahakis, C., additional, and Weiß, A., additional

Published
2021
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30. Silicon 1s near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy of functionalized silicon nanocrystals.

Author

Ritchie, A., Cao, W., Dasog, M., Purkait, T. K., Senger, C., Hu, Y. F., Xiao, Q. F., Veinot, J. G. C., and Urquhart, S. G.

Subjects
SILICON crystals, NANOCRYSTALS, X-ray absorption near edge structure, QUANTUM confinement effects, HYDROGEN
Abstract

Silicon 1s Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra of silicon nanocrystals have been examined as a function of nanocrystal size (3-100 nm), varying surface functionalization (hydrogen or 1-pentyl termination), or embedded in oxide. The NEXAFS spectra are characterized as a function of nanocrystal size and surface functionalization. Clear spectroscopic evidence for long range order is observed silicon nanocrystals that are 5-8 nm in diameter or larger. Energy shifts in the silicon 1s NEXAFS spectra of covalently functionalized silicon nanocrystals with changing size are attributed to surface chemical shifts and not to quantum confinement effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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32. IRAM 30-m-EMIR redshift search of z = 3–4 lensed dusty starbursts selected from the HerBS sample

Author

Bakx, T J L C, primary, Dannerbauer, H, primary, Frayer, D, primary, Eales, S A, primary, Pérez-Fournon, I, primary, Cai, Z-Y, primary, Clements, D L, primary, De Zotti, G, primary, González-Nuevo, J, primary, Ivison, R J, primary, Lapi, A, primary, Michałowski, M J, primary, Negrello, M, primary, Serjeant, S, primary, Smith, M W L, primary, Temi, P, primary, Urquhart, S, primary, and van der Werf, P, primary

Published
2020
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33. NOEMA redshift measurements of bright Herschel galaxies

Author

Neri, R., primary, Cox, P., additional, Omont, A., additional, Beelen, A., additional, Berta, S., additional, Bakx, T., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Baker, A. J., additional, Buat, V., additional, Cooray, A., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Dunne, L., additional, Dye, S., additional, Eales, S., additional, Gavazzi, R., additional, Harris, A. I., additional, Herrera, C. N., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Ivison, R., additional, Jin, S., additional, Krips, M., additional, Lagache, G., additional, Marchetti, L., additional, Messias, H., additional, Negrello, M., additional, Perez-Fournon, I., additional, Riechers, D. A., additional, Serjeant, S., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, Vlahakis, C., additional, Weiß, A., additional, van der Werf, P., additional, Yang, C., additional, and Young, A. J., additional

Published
2020
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37. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey

Author

Shimwell, T. W., primary, Tasse, C., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Mechev, A. P., additional, Williams, W. L., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Callingham, J. R., additional, Dijkema, T. J., additional, de Gasperin, F., additional, Hoang, D. N., additional, Hugo, B., additional, Mirmont, M., additional, Oonk, J. B. R., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Rafferty, D., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Smirnov, O., additional, van Weeren, R. J., additional, White, G. J., additional, Atemkeng, M., additional, Bester, L., additional, Bonnassieux, E., additional, Brüggen, M., additional, Brunetti, G., additional, Chyży, K. T., additional, Cochrane, R., additional, Conway, J. E., additional, Croston, J. H., additional, Danezi, A., additional, Duncan, K., additional, Haverkorn, M., additional, Heald, G. H., additional, Iacobelli, M., additional, Intema, H. T., additional, Jackson, N., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Jarvis, M. J., additional, Lakhoo, R., additional, Mevius, M., additional, Miley, G. K., additional, Morabito, L., additional, Morganti, R., additional, Nisbet, D., additional, Orrú, E., additional, Perkins, S., additional, Pizzo, R. F., additional, Schrijvers, C., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Vermeulen, R., additional, Wise, M. W., additional, Alegre, L., additional, Bacon, D. J., additional, van Bemmel, I. M., additional, Beswick, R. J., additional, Bonafede, A., additional, Botteon, A., additional, Bourke, S., additional, Brienza, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Cassano, R., additional, Clarke, A. O., additional, Conselice, C. J., additional, Dettmar, R. J., additional, Drabent, A., additional, Dumba, C., additional, Emig, K. L., additional, Enßlin, T. A., additional, Ferrari, C., additional, Garrett, M. A., additional, Génova-Santos, R. T., additional, Goyal, A., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Hale, C., additional, Harwood, J. J., additional, Heesen, V., additional, Hoeft, M., additional, Horellou, C., additional, Jackson, C., additional, Kokotanekov, G., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., additional, Mahatma, V., additional, Mahony, E. K., additional, Mandal, S., additional, McKean, J. P., additional, Merloni, A., additional, Mingo, B., additional, Miskolczi, A., additional, Mooney, S., additional, Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., additional, O’Sullivan, S. P., additional, Quinn, J., additional, Reich, W., additional, Roskowiński, C., additional, Rowlinson, A., additional, Savini, F., additional, Saxena, A., additional, Schwarz, D. J., additional, Shulevski, A., additional, Sridhar, S. S., additional, Stacey, H. R., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, van der Wiel, M. H. D., additional, Varenius, E., additional, Webster, B., additional, and Wilber, A., additional

Published
2019
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38. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey

Author

Williams, W. L., primary, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Croston, J. H., additional, Duncan, K. J., additional, Shimwell, T. W., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Nisbet, D., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Alegre, L., additional, Cochrane, R. K., additional, Goyal, A., additional, Hale, C. L., additional, Jackson, N., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., additional, Mahatma, V. H., additional, Mingo, B., additional, Morabito, L. K., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Roskowinski, C., additional, Shulevski, A., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Tasse, C., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, Webster, B., additional, White, G. J., additional, Beswick, R. J., additional, Callingham, J. R., additional, Chyży, K. T., additional, de Gasperin, F., additional, Harwood, J. J., additional, Hoeft, M., additional, Iacobelli, M., additional, McKean, J. P., additional, Mechev, A. P., additional, Miley, G. K., additional, Schwarz, D. J., additional, and van Weeren, R. J., additional

Published
2019
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40. SEDIGISM: Structure, excitation, and dynamics of the inner Galactic interstellar medium

Author

Schuller, F., Csengeri, T., Urquhart, S., Duarte-Cabral, A., Barnes, P. J., Giannetti, A., Hernandez, A. K., Leurini, S., Mattern, M., Medina, S.-N. X., Agurto, C., Azagra, F., Anderson, L. D., Beltrán, M. T., Beuther, H., Bontemps, Sylvain, Bronfman, L., Dobbs, L., Dumke, M., Finger, R., Ginsburg, A., Gonzalez, E., Henning, T., Kauffmann, J., Mac-Auliffe, F., Menten, M., Montenegro-Montes, F. M., Moore, T. J. T., Muller, E., Parra, R., Perez-Beaupuits, P., Pettitt, A., Russeil, D., Sánchez-Monge, Á., Schilke, P., Schisano, E., Suri, S., Testi, L., Torstensson, K., Venegas, P., Wang, K., Wienen, M., Wyrowski, F., Zavagno, Annie, Urquhart, J. S., Dobbs, C. L., Menten, K. M., Perez-Beaupuits, J.-P., Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, FORMATION STELLAIRE 2017, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Laboratoire de recherche en Electronique, Electrotechnique et Systèmes (L2ES), Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (INRETS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire Dynamique de la Biodiversité (LADYBIO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Haemophilia Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Oxford [Oxford], School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exceter, University of Exceter, Millimeter and Submillimeter Astronomy, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, and University of Oxford

Subjects
Infrared, ISM: structure, Rotational transition, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, ISM: clouds, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, Isotopologue, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy: structure, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, radio lines: ISM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular cloud, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Interstellar medium, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Data reduction
Abstract

The origin and life-cycle of molecular clouds are still poorly constrained, despite their importance for understanding the evolution of the interstellar medium. We have carried out a systematic, homogeneous, spectroscopic survey of the inner Galactic plane, in order to complement the many continuum Galactic surveys available with crucial distance and gas-kinematic information. Our aim is to combine this data set with recent infrared to sub-millimetre surveys at similar angular resolutions. The SEDIGISM survey covers 78 deg^2 of the inner Galaxy (-60 deg < l < +18 deg, |b| < 0.5 deg) in the J=2-1 rotational transition of 13CO. This isotopologue of CO is less abundant than 12CO by factors up to 100. Therefore, its emission has low to moderate optical depths, and higher critical density, making it an ideal tracer of the cold, dense interstellar medium. The data have been observed with the SHFI single-pixel instrument at APEX. The observational setup covers the 13CO(2-1) and C18O(2-1) lines, plus several transitions from other molecules. The observations have been completed. Data reduction is in progress, and the final data products will be made available in the near future. Here we give a detailed description of the survey and the dedicated data reduction pipeline. Preliminary results based on a science demonstration field covering -20 deg < l < -18.5 deg are presented. Analysis of the 13CO(2-1) data in this field reveals compact clumps, diffuse clouds, and filamentary structures at a range of heliocentric distances. By combining our data with data in the (1-0) transition of CO isotopologues from the ThrUMMS survey, we are able to compute a 3D realization of the excitation temperature and optical depth in the interstellar medium. Ultimately, this survey will provide a detailed, global view of the inner Galactic interstellar medium at an unprecedented angular resolution of ~30"., 30 pages. Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract slightly shortened due to arXiv requirements

Published
2017
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41. Soft X-ray Spectrotomographic Microscopy at Cryogenic Temperatures

Author

Geilhufe, J., primary, Leontowich, A. F. G., additional, Wang, J., additional, Berg, R., additional, Regier, C. N., additional, Taylor, D. M., additional, Beauregard, D., additional, Swirsky, J., additional, Karunakaran, C., additional, Hitchcock, A. P., additional, and Urquhart, S. G., additional

Published
2018
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42. PL02: Probiotic regimen for outpatient gastroenteritis utility of treatment (PROGUT) study: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Author

Freedman, S., primary, Williamson-Urquhart, S., additional, Farion, K., additional, Gouin, S., additional, Willan, A., additional, Poonai, N., additional, Hurley, K., additional, Sherman, P., additional, Finkelstein, Y., additional, Lee, B., additional, Pang, X., additional, Chui, L., additional, Schnadower, D., additional, Xie, J., additional, Gorelick, M., additional, and Schuh, S., additional

Published
2018
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44. A comparison of fine structures in high-resolution x-ray-absorption spectra of various condensed organic molecules.

Author

Schoell, A., Zou, Y., Huebner, D., Urquhart, S. G., Schmidt, Th., Fink, R., and Umbach, E.

Subjects
X-ray absorption near edge structure, THIN films, POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons, PERYLENE, PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), SYNCHROTRONS
Abstract

We report on a high-resolution C–K and O–K near-edge x-ray-absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) study of large aromatic molecules in condensed thin films, namely, anhydrides 1,4,5,8-naphthalene-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, benzoperylene-(1,2)-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, and 1,8-naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid anhydride and the quinoic acenaphthenequinone. Due to the high-energy resolution of the third-generation synchrotron source BESSY II we observe large differences in the NEXAFS fine structures even for very similar molecules, resulting in a wealth of new information. The rich fine structure can unambiguously be assigned to the coupling of electronic transitions to vibronic excitations. Backed by ab initio calculations we present a detailed analysis of the spectra that allows the complete interpretation of the near-edge features. It also yields information on the vibronic properties in the electronically excited state as well as on the response of the electronic system upon core excitation. The strong differences in the electron-vibron coupling for different molecules are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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48. Evolution of the red sequence giant to dwarf ratio in galaxy clusters out toz∼ 0.5

Author

Bildfell, C., Hoekstra, H., Babul, A., Sand, D., Graham, M., Willis, J., Urquhart, S., Mahdavi, A., Pritchet, C., Zaritsky, D., Franse, J., and Langelaan, P.

Abstract

We analyse deep g' and r' band data of 97 galaxy clusters imaged with MegaCam on the Canada–France–Hawaii telescope. We compute the number of luminous (giant) and faint (dwarf) galaxies using criteria based on the definitions of de Lucia et al. Due to excellent image quality and uniformity of the data and analysis, we probe the giant-to-dwarf ratio (GDR) out to ɀ ∼ 0.55. With X-ray temperature (Tx) information for the majority of our clusters, we constrain, for the first time, the Tx-corrected giant and dwarf evolution separately. Our measurements support an evolving GDR over the redshift range 0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.55. We show that modifying the (g' − r'), mr' and K-correction used to define dwarf and giant selection does not alter the conclusion regarding the presence of evolution. We parametrize the GDR evolution using a linear function of redshift (GDR = αɀ + β) with a best-fitting slope of α = 0.88 ± 0.15 and normalization β = 0.44 ± 0.03. Contrary to claims of a large intrinsic scatter, we find that the GDR data can be fully accounted for using observational errors alone. Consistently, we find no evidence for a correlation between GDR and cluster mass (via Tx or weak lensing). Finally, the data suggest that the evolution of the GDR at ɀ < 0.2 is driven primarily by dry merging of the massive giant galaxies, which when considered with previous results at higher redshift, suggests a change in the dominant mechanism that mediates the GDR.

Published
2012

49. Developing a spinal cord injury research strategy using a structured process of evidence review and stakeholder dialogue. Part III: outcomes

Author

Middleton, J W, primary, Piccenna, L, additional, Lindsay Gruen, R, additional, Williams, S, additional, Creasey, G, additional, Dunlop, S, additional, Brown, D, additional, Batchelor, P E, additional, Berlowitz, D J, additional, Coates, S, additional, Dunn, J A, additional, Furness, J B, additional, Galea, M P, additional, Geraghty, T, additional, Kwon, B K, additional, Urquhart, S, additional, Yates, D, additional, and Bragge, P, additional

Published
2015
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