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Abstract In the most comprehensive population surveys, mental health is only broadly captured through questionnaires asking about “mentally unhealthy days” or feelings of “sadness.” Further, population mental health estimates are predominantly consolidated to yearly estimates at the state level, which is considerably coarser than the best estimates of physical health. Through the large-scale analysis of social media, robust estimation of population mental health is feasible at finer resolutions. In this study, we created a pipeline that used ~1 billion Tweets from 2 million geo-located users to estimate mental health levels and changes for depression and anxiety, the two leading mental health conditions. Language-based mental health assessments (LBMHAs) had substantially higher levels of reliability across space and time than available survey measures. This work presents reliable assessments of depression and anxiety down to the county-weeks level. Where surveys were available, we found moderate to strong associations between the LBMHAs and survey scores for multiple levels of granularity, from the national level down to weekly county measurements (fixed effects β = 0.34 to 1.82; p

In this article, we examine the oscillation of a class of third-order damped nonlinear differential equations with multiple delays. Using the integral average and generalized Riccati techniques, new necessary criteria for the oscillation of equation solutions are established. The major effect is exemplified by an example.

Abstract Disorder induced phase slip (PS) events appearing in the current voltage characteristics (IVCs) are reported for two-dimensional TiN thin films produced by a robust substrate mediated nitridation technique. Here, high temperature annealing of Ti/Si3N4 based metal/substrate assembly is the key to produce majority phase TiN accompanied by TiSi2 & elemental Si as minority phases. The method itself introduces different level of disorder intrinsically by tuning the amount of the non-superconducting minority phases that are controlled by annealing temperature (T a ) and the film thickness. The superconducting critical temperature (T c ) strongly depends on T a and the maximum T c obtained from the demonstrated technique is about 4.8 K for the thickness range ~ 12 nm and above. Besides, the dynamics of IVCs get modulated by the appearance of intermediated resistive steps for decreased T a and the steps get more prominent for reduced thickness. Further, the deviation in the temperature dependent critical current (I c ) from the Ginzburg–Landau theoretical limit varies strongly with the thickness. Finally, the T c , intermediate resistive steps in the IVCs and the depairing current are observed to alter in a similar fashion with T a and the thickness indicating the robustness of the synthesis process to fabricate disordered nitride-based superconductor.

By refining the standard Riccati substitution technique, integral averaging technique and comparison principle, we obtain new oscillation and asymptotic behavior for a class of third-order neutral differential equations with discrete and distributed delay. These criteria dealing with some cases have not been covered by the existing results in the literature. We present many sufficient conditions and related examples in order to illustrate the main results.

Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients with poor response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) may have dysfunction involving other neurotransmitters, including glutamate. Mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential dependent on glutamatergic functioning, has not been studied in the adult OCD population and SRI non-responders. Objectives To compare the amplitude of MMN between OCD subjects who have responded(R) and not responded(NR) to SRIs, with healthy volunteers(HV). Methods MMN was measured in 15 OCD subjects fulfilling DSM-IV criteria (8 non-responders and 7 responders) and 22 healthy volunteers. Auditory MMN was measured using a multi-feature paradigm consisting of two variants each in frequency, duration, and intensity domains. EEG was recorded using 64 channel electrodes at 1000Hz. Epochs of 700 ms were extracted for each stimulus. MMN was evaluated as peak difference between the deviant and standard stimulus. MMN amplitudes at Fz were used for comparison between the groups using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by posthoc analysis, with significance set at p

The main purpose of this study is aimed at developing new criteria of the iterative nature to test the asymptotic and oscillation of nonlinear neutral delay differential equations of third order with noncanonical operator (a(ι)[(b(ι)x(ι)+p(ι)x(ι−τ)′)′]β)′+∫cdq(ι,μ)xβ(σ(ι,μ))dμ=0, where ι≥ι0 and w(ι):=x(ι)+p(ι)x(ι−τ). New oscillation results are established by using the generalized Riccati technique under the assumption of ∫ι0ιa−1/β(s)ds<∫ι0ι1b(s)ds=∞asι→∞. Our new results complement the related contributions to the subject. An example is given to prove the significance of new theorem.

New oscillatory properties for the oscillation of unbounded solutions to a class of third-order neutral differential equations with several deviating arguments are established. Several oscillation results are established by using generalized Riccati transformation and a integral average technique under the case of unbounded neutral coefficients. Examples are given to prove the significance of new theorems.

Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) have received an intensive attention due to their increasing demand in optoelectronic and photonic devices. Such reflectors are capable to prohibit the light propagation within the specified wavelength range of interest. In this paper, we present the fabrication of TiO2/SiO2 stacks based Bragg reflectors by using a simple and in-expensive sol-gel spin coating technique. The prepared single-layer thin films of TiO2 and SiO2 onto glass substrates were characterized for their optical constants. By tuning the process parameters, one-seven DBR stacks of TiO2/SiO2 were prepared. The corresponding shift of the Bragg reflection peak was observed with the increased number of DBR stacks and as much as about 90% reflectance is observed from the 7DBR stacks. The experimentally measured reflectance was compared with the simulated one, which showed good in agreement. FESEM measurement has confirmed the formation of bright and dark strips of TiO2 and SiO2 films with their thicknesses 80 and 115 nm respectively. The simulation study was explored to a design of thin film silicon solar cell using 7DBR stacks. An enhancement in light absorption in the visible wavelength range is observed which coincides with the experimental result of the reflectance. The use of DBR at the bottom of the solar cell could felicitate the better light harvesting with the occurrence of Fabry-Perot resonances in the absorbing layer. Keywords: Bragg reflector, Photonic bandgap, Sol-gel coating, Reflection, Absorption

This paper provides an improved parallel data processing in Big Data mining using ClowdFlows platform. The big data processing involves an improvement in Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller using Reinforcement Adaptive Learning (RAL). The Reinforcement Adaptive Learning involves the use of Actor-critic State–action–reward–state–action (SARSA) learning that suits well the stream mining module of ClowdFlows platform. The study concentrates on batch mode processing in Big Data mining model with the use of proposed PID-SARSA-RAL. The experimental evaluation with the conventional ClowdFlows platform proved the effectiveness of the proposed method over continuous parallel workflow execution.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) plays a vital role and part of real time communication applications. Location of unknown node is difficult to find in the presence of mobile sensor nodes. Navigator plays an important role in identifying network fault and unknown node location. In existing schemes, either trilateration or geographical position routing were deployed to increase the location accuracy. In this research, Neighbour based Cluster Location Aware Routing (NCLAR) is proposed to achieve more packet delivery rate with high location accuracy. It consists of three phases. In first phase, cluster region is formed with less signal delay value and more signal strength. In second phase, neighbour node routing table is constructed and updated with addition of more fields. These fields are reliability, probability of successful transmission of packets and delay. The back off timer is estimated to update the table within a periodical time. In last phase, location status navigator is calculated to increase location accuracy and to maximize the packet delivery ratio. Based on the simulation results, the proposed scheme NCLAR achieves high location accuracy, more packet delivery ratio, less overhead, less delay and high network lifetime.