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Key to West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species (imagines) Note: The male of cantoti is unknown. The male of brevis is extremely rare: we were unable to locate any specimens. Hoplocampa tadshikistanica is so far only known from the type series collected in Tadzhikistan, and is thus extra-limital, but is included because it might occur in the West Palaearctic. Hoplocampa sogdiana Zhelochovtsev, 1976 is not included, because no specimens were available for examination, and the original description is not very informative. It is also only known from the type series collected in Tadzhikistan, from Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC (= oxyacantha auct.) (Zhelochovtsev 1976). 1 a Base of metafemur clearly black on all surfaces; metacoxa completely black; metatrochanter mainly black (Figs 7–8).............................................................................. 2 - aa Metafemur completely pale, or at most with an indistinct fuscous spot on basal ventral face; metacoxa usually at least apically pale; metatrochanter usually mainly pale (Figs 13, 14, 10) [only exception: rare ♂ colour form of plagiata from Massif Central and Pyrenees]................................................. 3, Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 4615 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3995252, {"references":["Zhelochovtsev, A. N. (1976) Materialy po faune pilil'shhikov i rogohvostov srednej Azii, I. [Materials on the fauna of sawflies and woodwasps of Central Asia, I.]. Sbornik trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeja MGU, 15, 3 - 73."]}

Hoplocampa phantoma Zinovjev, 1993 Hoplocampa phantoma Zinovjev, 1993: 31–33. Holotype ♀, not examined, in ZISP. Type locality: Russia [Far East], Khabarovsk Terr., Khekhtsir, 24 km S Khabarovsk. Note. The characters in the key, and our illustrations, are from specimens collected in the Russian Far East. According to Zinovjev (1993), the specimens from Sverdlovsk oblast [W. Palaearctic] differ from Far Eastern ones, in having a shorter ovipositor (the lower end of the range given below), and slight [unspecified] differences in the male genitalia. Additional description. Body length: 3.3–3.8mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour yellowish. Female: Valvula 3 and valvifer 2 combined length in lateral view 1.03–1.31 as long as metafemur without trochantellus. Lancet: Fig. 80. Male: penis valve: Figs 98–99. Total number of specimens examined: 9. Similar species. Superficially similar to alpina, especially in coloration, from which it is externally distinguishable only in the female sex: see key. The lancet of phantoma (Fig. 80) is narrower in relation to its length than that of alpina (Fig. 77), and phantoma has rows of ctenidial teeth on annuli ca. 1–7 (alpina: rows of teeth only on basal 2–3 annuli). The penis valve of phantoma (Figs 97–98) differs markedly in the profile of the valviceps and some details, such as the gap in the dorsal sclerotised strut just anterior of the valviceps apex, from all other West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species. Life history. Host plants: unknown, but Zinovjev (1993) considered that these could be Sorbus species; perhaps S. sibirica in the Urals, and S. amurensis in the Far East. Distribution. Russia. Northern Urals (Sverdlovsk oblast), and the Far East (Zinovjev 1993). Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected. Specimens examined. Russia: Primorskiy Kray; 8♀ (DEI-GISHym83552) 1♂ (DEI-GISHym83553), Sa- marka 70 km N, Chuguyevka, Gordeyevskaya Mt., + 44.76667°N + 134.21667°E, 29.05.1993, leg. A. Taeger (SDEI)., Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 4615 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3995252, {"references":["Zinovjev, A. G. (1993) Two new species of Nematinae (Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae) from the Eastern Palaearctic. Russian Entomological Journal, 2 (2), 31 - 35."]}

Hoplocampa ariae Benson, 1933 Hoplocampa (Hoplocampa) ariae Benson, 1933: 255–256. Holotype ♀, not examined, in BMNH. Type locality: England, Sur- rey, Box Hill. Additional description. Body length: 4.5–6.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale colour creamywhite to testaceous. Female: the following may be more or less fuscous, or black: antenna above, sunken parts of meso- and metapostnotum, tarsi, apex of metatibia, apex of valvula 3. Lancet: Fig. 78. Male: the following may be more or less fuscous, or black: anterior of median mesoscutal lobe, meso- and metapostnotum, tarsi, apex of metatibia, basal and apical margins of abdominal terga 1–3, sometimes also a spot in middle of these terga, and a small lateral spot each side. Penis valve: Fig. 96. Total number of specimens examined: 10. Similar species. Most similar are Hoplocampa alpina and phantoma (see key, and under alpina). Very pale specimens of crataegi, from southern Europe, are also similar, but in crataegi the radius is darker than the other venation, whereas in ariae and alpina all venation is equally pale. The lancet of ariae (Fig. 78) is closely similar to that of alpina (Fig. 77) and crataegi (Fig. 79), but the ventralmost ctenidial tooth on the middle annuli is situated more dorsally in ariae than in alpina. The most reliable difference between the lancets of ariae and phantoma is the presence of ctenidial teeth on annular sutures ca. 1–3 in the former, and on ca. 1–7 in the latter. The penis valves of ariae (Fig. 96) and phantoma (Figs 98–99) are clearly different in overall shape, and ariae has a group of long setae on the apex of the valviceps, which are absent in phantoma. The penis valves of ariae and alpina (Fig. 94) are also similar, but ariae has a more obtuse valviceps apex and larger group of apical setae, which are also longer. Life history. Host plant: Sorbus aria (Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer 2000). Distribution. Central Europe, England and Ireland (Taeger et al. 2006). Occurrence in Sweden: no records, but might occur on naturalised Sorbus aria, or potentially on the related, native S. intermedia, S. rupicola, or S. norvegica. Specimens examined. Germany: Bavaria: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym19230), Trimbach, Trimburg, 14.05.2004, leg. Liston (SDEI). 3♀ (including DEI-GISHym19229, 83551), NW Regensburg, Deuerling, 24.05.2004, leg. Lis- ton (SDEI). Italy: 1♀ 3♂ (BC-ZSM-HYM06414–06415, 07203–07204), 26 km SW Cuneo, Lago della Rovina, 17.06.2009 (ZSM). United Kingdom: 1♀ 1♂ (DEI-GISHym83574), England, Buckinghamshire, Aston Clinton, 06.06.1953, leg. R. B. Benson (SDEI)., Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 4615 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3995252, {"references":["Benson, R. B. (1933) Four new species of nematine sawflies from Britain (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Stylops, 2 (2), 255 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00962. x","Pschorn-Walcher, H. & Altenhofer, E. (2000) Langjahrige Larvenaufsammlungen und Zuchten von Pflanzenwespen (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Mitteleuropa. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 32 (1), 273 - 327.","Taeger, A., Blank, S. M. & Liston, A. D. (2006) European Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) - A Species Checklist for the Countries. In: Blank, S. M., Schmidt, S. & Taeger, A. (Eds.), Recent Sawfly Research: Synthesis and Prospects. Goecke & Evers, Keltern, pp. 399 - 504."]}

Hoplocampa chamaemespili Masutti & Covassi, 1980 Hoplocampa chamaemespili Masutti & Covassi, 1980: 222–225. Holotype ♀, not examined, in MSNV. Type locality: Italy,Alpi Carniche, Sappada, Monte Lastroni SE. Additional description. Body length: 5.5–6.0mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour orange-brown. Anterior of median mesoscutal lobes broadly black. Inner and outer areas of lateral mesoscutal lobes broadly black (Fig. 75). Mesoscutellum largely pale, appendage entirely black. Female: dorsum of abdominal terga 1–6 black. Valvula 3 in lateral view pale, dorso-apically more or less black. Lancet: Fig. 82. Male: penis valve: Fig. 97. Total number of specimens examined: 9. Similar species. Only Hoplocampa plagiata is likely to be confused with H. chamaemespili. In direct comparison, they can usually be distinguished as follows [but see notes under plagiata on a very dark colour form of that species, only known from France (Massif Central and Pyrenees)]: - Lateral mesoscutal lobe with internal and external black areas (Fig. 75). Mesoscutellar appendage entirely black. ♀: Occiput entirely dark. Sawteeth of lancet small, rather flat (Fig. 82). ♂: penis valve distally with group of long setae; valviceps distally acute (Fig. 97)............................................................................. chamaemespili - Lateral mesoscutal lobe nearly completely pale, except for sutures (Fig. 76). Mesoscutellar appendage at least pale in middle. ♀: Occiput largely pale, except around foramen magnum. Sawteeth of lancet large, strongly protruding (Fig. 88). ♂: penis valve distally without group of long setae; valviceps distally obtuse (Fig. 107).................................... plagiata Life history. Host plant: Sorbus chamaemespilus (Masutti & Covassi, 1980). Biology: Masutti & Covassi (1980). Distribution. Northern Italy: Monte Baldo, Dolomites, Carnic pre-Alps, and Western Julian Alps (Provinces Trento e Verona, Bolzano, Belluno, Pordenone, and Udine): Masutti & Covassi (1980) and records below. So far only found in the upper montane and subalpine zones, between approximately 1400–1900. Schedl (2017) published a record under the name chamaemespili of a female and male, illustrated with dorsal habitus images of both specimens, from Austria, Carinthia, Dobratsch, Schüttenwald, 700– 900m. These specimens are H. plagiata, based on his illustrations. Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected. Specimens examined. Italy: 6♀ (including DEI-GISHym11128, BC-ZSM-HYM11306) 3♂ (including BC- ZSM-HYM11307), Monte Baldo, ca. 1800 m, 24– 26.06.2004 (SDEI, ZSM)., Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 4615 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3995252, {"references":["Masutti, L. & Covassi, M. (1980) Contributo alla conoscenza delle Hoplocampa Hartig italiane e descrizione di H. chamaemespili n. sp. (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Redia. Giornale di Entomologia, 63, 221 - 247.","Schedl, W. (2017) Zweite Erganzung zur Checkliste der Symphyta (lnsecta: Hymenoptera) Osterreichs. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 49 (2), 1157 - 1162."]}

Hoplocampa cantoti Chevin, 1986 Hoplocampa cantoti Chevin, 1986: 21–23. Holotype ♀, not examined, in CBGP. Type locality: France, Eure-et-Loir, forêt de Dreux. Additional description. Body length: 3.5mm. Clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate. Female: Scape and pedicel black, underside of flagellum reddish. More or less gena, malar space and supraclypeal area pale (whitish). Metacoxa black with ventro-apical edge pale. Trochanters and femora entirely reddish. Valvula 3 black. The Swiss and Bulgarian specimens have pronotum, tegulae, and abdomen entirely black, whereas in the French specimens [according to original description] tegulae and posterior angles of pronotum are reddish, and underside of abdomen slightly reddish. Lancet: Figs 92–93. Male: unknown. Total number of specimens examined: 10. Similar species. Based on external characters, could be confused with minuta, chrysorrhoea, or fulvicornis: see key. The lancet (Fig. 92) has a highly distinctive shape, among W. Palaearctic species resembling only chrysorrhoea (Fig. 90). As illustrated by Chevin (1986), we found differences between these two species in the gross morphology of the lancets: narrower in chrysorrhoea, and apex curved somewhat upwards in chrysorrhoea, but straight in cantoti. Life history. Host plants: not known for certain. The Bulgarian specimens were mostly swept from Prunus spinosa, and sometimes from P. domestica growing among these. Chevin (1986) suggested that the host is Prunus mahaleb, which is a characteristic component of the woody vegetation of the two known French localities. Howev- er, Prunus mahaleb was not seen close to the Bulgarian localities, and is not recorded at the Swiss locality (infoflora 2017). Therefore, we suppose that the host is Prunus spinosa. Distribution. Bulgaria (Varna Province), France (Départements Eure-et-Loire, Indre-et-Loire), Switzerland (Canton Jura). Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected. Specimens examined. Bulgaria: Varna Province: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym84161), Tsonevo 5km S, 100m, N42.982° E27.451°, 02.iv.2018, leg. Liston & Prous (SDEI); 1♀ (DEI-GISHym88748), Tsonevo 5km S, 100m, N42.982° E27.451°, 03.iv.2018, leg. Liston & Prous (SDEI); 5♀ (DEI-GISHym88769), Dolni Chiflik 2km SE, 50m, N42.983° E27.743°, 05.iv.2018, leg. Liston & Prous (SDEI); 1♀ (DEI-GISHym88854), Dolni Chiflik 2km SE, 50m, N42.983° E27.743°, 13.iv.2018, leg. Liston & Prous (SDEI); 1♀, Tsonevo 5km S, 100m, N42.982° E27.451°, 06.iv.2018, leg. Liston & Prous (SDEI). * Switzerland: 1♀ (BC-ZSM-HYM10947), Canton Jura, Gemeinde Montmelon, Les Oeu- ches, 440m asl, + 47.35172°N + 7.16793°E, 22.04.2009, leg. B. Peter (ZSM) [locality confirmed by the collector: differs slightly from that on label]., Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 4615 (1) on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3995252, {"references":["Chevin, H. (1986) Hoplocampa cantoti, espece nouvelle proche d' H. chrysorrhoea (Klug) (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Cahiers des Naturalistes, Bulletin des Naturalistes Parisiens, New Series, 42, 21 - 24."]}

Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche, 1986 Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche, 1986: 195–196. Holotype ♂, examined, GBIF-GISHym2445, in ZMHUB. Type local- ity: Tadshik SSR, Hissar Mountains, Romit Gorge. Note. A slide preparation of two lancets and a lance, with the handwritten inscription by Muche “ Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche Holotypus ♀ ” and a printed label “GBIF-GISHym2445” obviously does not belong to the male holotype. Additional description. Body length: 2.3–3.0mm (after Muche 1986). Clypeus widely and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour orange-brown. Head largely pale. Dorsum of thorax and abdomen largely black (terga 1–8); sides and underside pale except for dark anepimeron. Legs pale except for clearly blackened metatarsi and apices of metatibiae; in female other legs more or less similarly dark. Venation pale, except for slightly darkened base of pterostigma. Female: somewhat darker than the male. Black on head are small patch around ocelli, the postocellar area, and antenna more or less dorsally and apically. Dorsum of thorax entirely dark, except for yellow tegulae and nearly entire pronotum. Apex of valvula 3 darkened. Valvulae 3 in dorsal view less than 2 × as long as basal width. Lancet: Fig. 86. Male: Head entirely pale except for small ocellar fleck. Mesoscutal lobes laterally slightly pale; posterior edge of mesoscutellum somewhat pale. Penis valve: Fig. 104. Total number of specimens examined: 3. Similar species. Externally, the most similar species is crataegi. Males of tadshikistanica are easily distinguished by their darkened metatarsi and apices of metatibiae from crataegi, with completely pale legs. Lancets of these two species are quite similar, but the sawteeth of crataegi (Fig. 79) are more acutely hooked, with a larger number of serrulae. We have not examined tadshikistanica penis valves, but if the drawing by Muche (1986, fig. 1) (reproduced here as Fig. 104) is accurate, then they are clearly different from those of any of the other species which we treat. Life history. Host plant: perhaps Cotoneaster, from which the type series was collected. Distribution. Tadshikistan (only known from the type series). Specimens examined. Tadshikistan: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym31786) 1♂ (DEI-GISHym31787), Hissar Mts, Romit Gorge, 1600m asl, 14.05.1985, leg. W. H. Muche (ZMHUB)., Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 4615 (1) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3995252, {"references":["Muche, W. H. (1986) Hoplocampa tadshikistanica sp. n. aus Mittelasien (Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Tenthredinidae). Reichenbachia, Zeitschrift fur entomologische Taxonomie, 23 (36), 195 - 196."]}

A brief history of entomology at the Swedish Museum of Natural History for the period 1915-1923 is presented in chronicle form. The time circumscription has its background in a recent 100th anniversary of the current museum building, for which there was work on an anniversary book, which has not appeared, and this is based on a contribution originally intended for that book. It concerns primarily the Entomology department (which ended as a unit in 2013 when it was part of a fusion into a Zoology department) but also includes the Entomological Society of Stockholm to the extent it has been based at the museum, as well as insect-related work in other museum departments. The chronicle gives plenty of examples of research and researchers, other staff and routines, collection growth and management, collecting expeditions and publications, work environment issues and everyday life at the department.