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12. Association of Phenols, Parabens, and Their Mixture with Maternal Blood Pressure Measurements in the PROTECT Cohort.

Author

Varshavsky, Julia R., Meeker, John D., Zimmerman, Emily, Woodbury, Megan L., Aung, Max T., Rosario-Pabon, Zaira Y., Cathey, Amber L., Vélez-Vega, Carmen M., Cordero, José, Alshawabkeh, Akram, and Eick, Stephanie M.

Subjects
CROSS-sectional method, REPRODUCTIVE health, MATERNAL health services, GESTATIONAL diabetes, MULTIVARIATE analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, HYPERTENSION in pregnancy, COSMETICS, LONGITUDINAL method, ODDS ratio, PHENOLS, HYDROXY acids, DIASTOLIC blood pressure, PREECLAMPSIA, URINALYSIS, BLOOD pressure, PREGNANCY complications, SYSTOLIC blood pressure, CONFIDENCE intervals, FETAL development, HEALTH outcome assessment, DATA analysis software, BLOOD pressure measurement, PREGNANCY
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Phenols and parabens are two classes of high production volume chemicals that are used widely in consumer and personal care products and have been associated with reproductive harm and pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. However, studies examining their influence on maternal blood pressure and gestational hypertension are limited. OBJECTIVES: We investigated associations between individual phenols, parabens, and their mixture on maternal blood pressure measurements, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and hypertension during pregnancy (defined as stage 1 or 2 hypertension), among 푁 = 1,433 Puerto Rico PROTECT study participants. METHODS: We examined these relationships cross-sectionally at two time points during pregnancy (16–20 and 24–28 wks gestation) and longitudinally using linear mixed models (LMMs). Finally, we used quantile g-computation to examine the mixture effect on continuous (SBP, DBP) and binary (hypertension during pregnancy) blood pressure outcomes. RESULTS: We observed a trend of higher odds of hypertension during pregnancy with exposure to multiple analytes and the overall mixture [including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), triclocarbon (TCC), triclosan (TCS), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP), methyl paraben (M-PB), propyl paraben (P-PB), butyl paraben (B-PB), and ethyl paraben (E-PB)], especially at 24-28 wk gestation, with an adjusted mixture odds?ratio(OR)=1.57 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.38). Lower SBP and higher DBP were also associated with individual analytes, with results from LMMs most consistent for methyl paraben (M-PB) or propyl paraben (P-PB) and increased DBP across pregnancy [adjusted M-PB β=0.78 (95% CI: 0.17, 1.38) and adjusted P-PB β=0.85 (95% CI: 0.19, 1.51)] and for BPA, which was associated with decreased SBP (adjusted β=-0.57; 95% CI: -1.09, -0.05). Consistent with other literature, we also found evidence of effect modification by fetal sex, with a strong inverse association observed between the overall exposure mixture and SBP at visit 1 among participants carrying female fetuses only. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that phenol and paraben exposure may collectively increase the risk of stage 1 or 2 hypertension during pregnancy, which has important implications for fetal and maternal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Metabolomic Alterations Associated with Phthalate Exposures among Pregnant Women in Puerto Rico

Author

Siwakoti, Ram C., Iyer, Gayatri, Banker, Margaret, Rosario, Zaira, Vélez-Vega, Carmen M., Alshawabkeh, Akram, Cordero, José F., Karnovsky, Alla, Meeker, John D., and Watkins, Deborah J.

Abstract

Although phthalate exposure has been linked with multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes, their underlying biological mechanisms are not fully understood. We examined associations between biomarkers of phthalate exposures and metabolic alterations using untargeted metabolomics in 99 pregnant women and 86 newborns [mean (SD) gestational age = 39.5 (1.5) weeks] in the PROTECT cohort. Maternal urinary phthalate metabolites were quantified using isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), while metabolic profiles in maternal and cord blood plasma were characterized via reversed-phase LC-MS. Multivariable linear regression was used in metabolome-wide association studies (MWAS) to identify individual metabolic features associated with elevated phthalate levels, while clustering and correlation network analyses were used to discern the interconnectedness of biologically relevant features. In the MWAS adjusted for maternal age and prepregnancy BMI, we observed significant associations between specific phthalates, namely, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), and 34 maternal plasma metabolic features. These associations predominantly included upregulation of fatty acids, amino acids, purines, or their derivatives and downregulation of ceramides and sphingomyelins. In contrast, fewer significant associations were observed with metabolic features in cord blood. Correlation network analysis highlighted the overlap of features associated with phthalates and those identified as differentiating markers for preterm birth in a previous study. Overall, our findings underscore the complex impact of phthalate exposures on maternal and fetal metabolism, highlighting metabolomics as a tool for understanding associated biological processes. Future research should focus on expanding the sample size, exploring the effects of phthalate mixtures, and validating identified metabolic features in larger, more diverse populations.

Published
2024
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19. Impact of Hurricanes Irma and Maria on Puerto Rico Maternal and Child Health Research Programs

Author

Welton, Michael, Vélez Vega, Carmen M., Murphy, Colleen B., Rosario, Zaira, Torres, Hector, Russell, Elle, and Brown, Phil

Subjects
Hurricane Maria, 2017 -- Health aspects, Hurricane Irma, 2017 -- Health aspects, Maternal health services -- Environmental aspects, Emergency medical services -- Environmental aspects, Health care industry
Abstract

Puerto Rico was hit by two major hurricanes in September 2017 causing great devastation, losing over 90% of the power grid, wireless communication and access to potable water, and destroying many homes. Our research programs: Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats (PROTECT), Center for Research on Early Childhood Exposure and Development in Puerto Rico (CRECE), Zika in Infants and Pregnancy (ZIP), and Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) are ongoing observational cohort studies that have been investigating environmental risk factors for perinatal health outcomes among Puerto Rican mothers and infants. Our projects paused operations for about two weeks, to begin recovery process and become a source of assistance, retaining 95% of study participants across all research programs. We joined with various groups to ensure the safety and welfare of team members, study participants, community health center partners, and members of the surrounding communities. We learned important lessons about the impact of these hurricanes and the difficulties of the recovery. Major challenges post-hurricanes were access to care and nutrition, maternal stress, and environmental damage. We understood the need to integrate disaster preparedness into our programs' operating procedures and future applications, recognizing that these events will recur. We will grow resilience among our staff, maternal and child health partners, and participants by building on the experience of these two storms., Author(s): Michael Welton [sup.1] , Carmen M. Vélez Vega [sup.2] , Colleen B. Murphy [sup.2] , Zaira Rosario [sup.2] , Hector Torres [sup.2] , Elle Russell [sup.3] , Phil Brown [...]

Published
2020
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23. Neighborhood Opportunity and Vulnerability and Incident Asthma Among Children.

Author

Aris, Izzuddin M., Perng, Wei, Dabelea, Dana, Padula, Amy M., Alshawabkeh, Akram, Vélez-Vega, Carmen M., Aschner, Judy L., Camargo Jr, Carlos A., Sussman, Tamara J., Dunlop, Anne L., Elliott, Amy J., Ferrara, Assiamira, Joseph, Christine L. M., Singh, Anne Marie, Breton, Carrie V., Hartert, Tina, Cacho, Ferdinand, Karagas, Margaret R., Lester, Barry M., and Kelly, Nichole R.

Published
2023
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24. Mi PROTECT: A personalized smartphone platform to report back results to participants of a maternal-child and environmental health research cohort program in Puerto Rico

Author

Cardona Cordero, Nancy R., primary, Lafarga Previdi, Irene, additional, Torres, Héctor R., additional, Ayala, Ishwara, additional, Boronow, Katherine E., additional, Santos Rivera, Amailie, additional, Meeker, John D., additional, Alshawabkeh, Akram, additional, Cordero, José F., additional, Brody, Julia Green, additional, Brown, Phil, additional, and Vélez Vega, Carmen M., additional

Published
2023
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29. The Impact of Natural Disasters on Maternal Health: Hurricanes Irma and María in Puerto Rico

Author

Lafarga Previdi, Irene, primary, Welton, Michael, additional, Díaz Rivera, Jazmín, additional, Watkins, Deborah J., additional, Díaz, Zulmarie, additional, Torres, Héctor R., additional, Galán, Chrystal, additional, Guilloty, Natacha I., additional, Agosto, Luis D., additional, Cordero, José F., additional, Alshawabkeh, Akram, additional, and Vélez Vega, Carmen M., additional

Published
2022
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31. Personal care products: Demographic characteristics and maternal hormones in pregnant women from Puerto Rico

Author

Rivera-Núñez, Zorimar, primary, Ashrap, Pahriya, additional, Barrett, Emily S., additional, Llanos, Adana A.M., additional, Watkins, Deborah J., additional, Cathey, Amber L., additional, Vélez-Vega, Carmen M., additional, Rosario, Zaira, additional, Cordero, José F., additional, Alshawabkeh, Akram, additional, and Meeker, John D., additional

Published
2022
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46. Cohort profile: Center for Research on Early Childhood Exposure and Development in Puerto Rico

Author

Manjourides, Justin, primary, Zimmerman, Emily, additional, Watkins, Deborah J, additional, Carpenito, Thomas, additional, Vélez-Vega, Carmen M, additional, Huerta-Montañez, Gredia, additional, Rosario, Zaira, additional, Ayala, Ishwara, additional, Vergara, Carlos, additional, Feric, Zlatan, additional, Ondras, Martha, additional, Suh, Helen H, additional, Gu, April Z, additional, Brown, Phil, additional, Cordero, José F, additional, Meeker, John D, additional, and Alshawabkeh, Akram, additional

Published
2020
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49. Interactions between chemicals and non-chemical stressors: The modifying effect of life events on the association between triclocarban, phenols and parabens with gestational length in a Puerto Rican cohort

Author

Aker, Amira, primary, McConnell, Rafael E. Rios, additional, Loch-Caruso, Rita, additional, Park, Sung Kyun, additional, Mukherjee, Bhramar, additional, Rosario, Zaira Y., additional, Vélez-Vega, Carmen M., additional, Huerta-Montanez, Gredia, additional, Alshawabkeh, Akram N., additional, Cordero, José F., additional, and Meeker, John D., additional

Published
2020
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50. The association of urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and self-reported personal care and household product use among pregnant women in Puerto Rico

Author

Ingle, Mary E., primary, Watkins, Deborah, additional, Rosario, Zaira, additional, Vélez Vega, Carmen M., additional, Huerta-Montanez, Gredia, additional, Calafat, Antonia M., additional, Ospina, Maria, additional, Cordero, José F., additional, Alshawabkeh, Akram, additional, and Meeker, John D., additional

Published
2019
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