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1. Increased Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Serum Concentrations in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Matter of Inflammation

Author

Moritz E, Jedlitschky G, Negnal J, Tzvetkov MV, Daum G, Dörr M, Felix SB, Völzke H, Nauck M, Schwedhelm E, Meisel P, Kocher T, Rauch BH, and Holtfreter B

Subjects
sphingosine-1-phosphate – lipid mediator – periodontitis – inflammation, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Eileen Moritz,1,2,* Gabriele Jedlitschky,1,* Josefine Negnal,1 Mladen V Tzvetkov,1 Günter Daum,3,4 Marcus Dörr,2,5 Stephan B Felix,2,5 Henry Völzke,2,6 Matthias Nauck,2,7 Edzard Schwedhelm,4,8 Peter Meisel,9 Thomas Kocher,9 Bernhard H Rauch,1,2,10,* Birte Holtfreter9,* 1Institute of Pharmacology, Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 2German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 3Clinic and Polyclinic for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; 4German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany; 5Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 6Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 7Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 8Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Humburg, Germany; 9Dental Clinics, Department of Periodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 10Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Department of Human Medicine, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Oldenburg, Germany*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bernhard H RauchCarl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Department of Human Medicine, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, Oldenburg, 26129, GermanyTel +49 (0) 441 798 4930Fax +49 (0) 441 798 3088Email Bernhard.Rauch@uni-oldenburg.dePurpose: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity with an alarmingly high prevalence within the adult population. The signaling lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) plays a crucial role in inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses. In addition to cardiovascular disease, sepsis and tumor entities, S1P has been recently identified as both mediator and biomarker in osteoporosis. We hypothesized that S1P may play a role in periodontitis as an inflammation-prone bone destructive disorder. The goal of our study was to evaluate associations between periodontitis and S1P serum concentrations in the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-Trend cohort. In addition, we investigated the expression of S1P metabolizing enzymes in inflamed gingival tissue.Patients and Methods: We analyzed data from 3371 participants (51.6% women) of the SHIP-Trend cohort. Periodontal parameters and baseline characteristics were assessed. Serum S1P was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The expression of S1P metabolizing enzymes was determined by immunofluorescence staining of human gingival tissue.Results: S1P serum concentrations were significantly increased in subjects with both moderate and severe periodontitis, assessed as probing depth and clinical attachment loss. In contrast, no significant association of S1P was seen with caries variables (number and percentage of decayed or filled surfaces). S1P concentrations significantly increased with increasing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. Interestingly, inflamed compared to normal human gingival tissue exhibited elevated expression levels of the S1P-generating enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1).Conclusion: We report an intriguingly significant association of various periodontal parameters with serum levels of the inflammatory lipid mediator S1P. Our data point towards a key role of S1P during periodontitis pathology. Modulation of local S1P levels or its signaling properties may represent a potential future therapeutic strategy to prevent or to retard periodontitis progression and possibly reduce periodontitis-related tooth loss.Keywords: sphingosine-1-phosphate, lipid mediator, periodontitis, inflammation

Published
2021

2. Is the Obesity Paradox in Type 2 Diabetes Due to Artefacts of Biases? An Analysis of Pooled Cohort Data from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study and the Study of Health in Pomerania

Author

Kowall B, Stang A, Erbel R, Moebus S, Petersmann A, Steveling A, Jöckel KH, and Völzke H

Subjects
collider bias, diabetes, mortality, obesity paradox, overweight, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Bernd Kowall,1 Andreas Stang,1,2 Raimund Erbel,3 Susanne Moebus,4 Astrid Petersmann,5 Antje Steveling,6 Karl-Heinz Jöckel,3 Henry Völzke7,8 1Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; 2School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA; 3Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Clinic Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; 4Center for Urban Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Clinic Essen, Essen, Germany; 5Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 6Department of Internal Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 7Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 8German Center for Diabetes Research, Site Greifswald, Greifswald, GermanyCorrespondence: Bernd KowallCenter of Clinical Epidemiology, c/o Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), Hufelandstraße 55, Essen 45147, GermanyTel +49-201-92239-295Fax +49-201-92239-333Email bernd.kowall@uk-essen.deAims/Hypothesis: There is controversy on whether an obesity paradox exists in type 2 diabetes, ie, that mortality is lowest in overweight or obesity. We examined the role of potential biases in the obesity paradox.Methods: From two regional population-based German cohort studies – the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study and the Study of Health in Pomerania (baseline examinations 2000– 2003/1997– 2001) – 1187 persons with diabetes at baseline were included (mean age 62.6 years, 60.9% males). Diabetes was ascertained by self-report of physician’s diagnosis, antidiabetic medication, fasting/random glucose or haemoglobin A1c. Mortality data were assessed for up to 17.7 years. We used restricted cubic splines and Cox regression models to assess associations between body mass index (BMI) and mortality. Sensitivity analyses addressed, inter alia, exclusion of early death cases, of persons with cancer, kidney disease or with history of cardiovascular diseases, and of ever smokers. Furthermore, we examined the role of treatment bias and collider bias for the obesity paradox.Results: In spline models, mortality risk was lowest for BMI at about 31 kg/m2. Sensitivity analyses carried out one after another had hardly any impact on this result. In our cohort, persons with diabetes and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 did not have better treatment than non-obese patients, and we found that collider bias played only a minor role in the obesity paradox.Conclusion: In a cohort of 1187 persons with diabetes, mortality risk was lowest in persons with moderate obesity. We cannot explain this result by a variety of sensitivity analyses.Keywords: collider bias, diabetes, mortality, obesity paradox, overweight

Published
2020

3. Life expectancy associated with different ages at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries: 23 million person-years of observation

Author

Kaptoge, S, Seshasai, SRK, Sun, L, Walker, M, Bolton, T, Spackman, S, Ataklte, F, Willeit, P, Bell, S, Burgess, S, Pennells, L, Altay, S, Assmann, G, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Best, LG, Björkelund, C, Blazer, DG, Brenner, H, Brunner, EJ, Dagenais, GR, Cooper, JA, Cooper, C, Crespo, CJ, Cushman, M, D'Agostino, RB, Sr, Daimon, M, Daniels, LB, Danker, R, Davidson, KW, de Jongh, RT, Donfrancesco, C, Ducimetiere, P, Elders, PJM, Engström, G, Ford, I, Gallacher, I, Bakker, SJL, Goldbourt, U, de La Cámara, G, Grimsgaard, S, Gudnason, V, Hansson, PO, Imano, H, Jukema, JW, Kabrhel, C, Kauhanen, J, Kavousi, M, Kiechl, S, Knuiman, MW, Kromhout, D, Krumholz, HM, Kuller, LH, Laatikainen, T, Lowler, DA, Meyer, HE, Mukamal, K, Nietert, PJ, Ninomiya, T, Nitsch, D, Nordestgaard, BG, Palmieri, L, Price, JF, Ridker, PM, Sun, Q, Rosengren, A, Roussel, R, Sakurai, M, Salomaa, V, Schöttker, B, Shaw, JE, Strandberg, TE, Sundström, J, Tolonen, H, Tverdal, A, Verschuren, WMM, Völzke, H, Wagenknecht, L, Wallace, RB, Wannamethee, SG, Wareham, NJ, Wassertheil-Smoller, S, Yamagishi, K, Yeap, BB, Harrison, S, Inouye, M, Griffin, S, Butterworth, AS, Wood, AM, Thompson, SG, Sattar, N, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E, Tipping, RW, Russell, S, Johansen, M, Bancks, MP, Mongraw-Chaffin, M, Magliano, D, Barr, ELM, Zimmet, PZ, Whincup, PH, Willeit, J, Leitner, C, Lawlor, DA, Elwood, P, Sutherland, SE, Hunt, KJ, Selmer, RM, Haheim, LL, Ariansen, I, Tybjaer-Hansen, A, Frikkle-Schmidt, R, Langsted, A, Lo Noce, C, Balkau, B, Bonnet, F, Fumeron, F, Pablos, DL, Ferro, CR, Morales, TG, Mclachlan, S, Guralnik, J, Khaw, KT, Holleczek, B, Stocker, H, Nissinen, A, Vartiainen, E, Jousilahti, P, Harald, K, Massaro, JM, Pencina, M, Lyass, A, Susa, S, Oizumi, T, Kayama, T, Chetrit, A, Roth, J, Orenstein, L, Welin, L, Svärdsudd, K, Lissner, L, Hange, D, Mehlig, K, Tilvis, RS, Dennison, E, Westbury, L, Norman, PE, Almeida, OP, Hankey, GJ, Hata, J, Shibata, M, Furuta, Y, Bom, MT, Rutters, F, Muilwijk, M, Kraft, P, Lindstrom, S, Turman, C, Kiyama, M, Kitamura, A, Gerber, Y, Salonen, JT, van Schoor, LN, van Zutphen, EM, Melander, O, Psaty, BM, Blaha, M, de Boer, IH, Kronmal, RA, Grandits, G, Shin, H-C, Albertorio, JR, Gillum, RF, Hu, FB, Humphries, S, Hill- Briggs, F, Vrany, E, Butler, M, Schwartz, JE, Iso, H, Amouyel, P, Arveiler, D, Ferrieres, J, Gansevoort, RT, de Boer, R, Kieneker, L, Trompet, S, Kearney, P, Cantin, B, Després, JP, Lamarche, B, Laughlin, G, McEvoy, L, Aspelund, T, Thorsson, B, Sigurdsson, G, Tilly, M, Ikram, MA, Dorr, M, Schipf, S, Fretts, AM, Umans, JG, Ali, T, Shara, N, Davey-Smith, G, Can, G, Yüksel, H, Özkan, U, Nakagawa, H, Morikawa, Y, Ishizaki, M, Njølstad, I, Wilsgaard, T, Mathiesen, E, Buring, J, Cook, N, Arndt, V, Rothenbacher, D, Manson, J, Tinker, L, Shipley, M, Tabak, AG, Kivimaki, M, Packard, C, Robertson, M, Feskens, E, and Geleijnse, M

Published
2023
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5. Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

Author

Schmaal, L, Hibar, DP, Sämann, PG, Hall, GB, Baune, BT, Jahanshad, N, Cheung, JW, van Erp, TGM, Bos, D, Ikram, MA, Vernooij, MW, Niessen, WJ, Tiemeier, H, Hofman, A, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Janowitz, D, Bülow, R, Selonke, M, Völzke, H, Grotegerd, D, Dannlowski, U, Arolt, V, Opel, N, Heindel, W, Kugel, H, Hoehn, D, Czisch, M, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Rentería, ME, Strike, LT, Wright, MJ, Mills, NT, de Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Martin, NG, Gillespie, NA, Goya-Maldonado, R, Gruber, O, Krämer, B, Hatton, SN, Lagopoulos, J, Hickie, IB, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Frey, EM, van Velzen, LS, Penninx, BWJH, van Tol, M-J, van der Wee, NJ, Davey, CG, Harrison, BJ, Mwangi, B, Cao, B, Soares, JC, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schoepf, D, Zurowski, B, Konrad, C, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schnell, K, Sacchet, MD, Gotlib, IH, MacQueen, GM, Godlewska, BR, Nickson, T, McIntosh, AM, Papmeyer, M, Whalley, HC, Hall, J, Sussmann, JE, Li, M, Walter, M, Aftanas, L, Brack, I, Bokhan, NA, Thompson, PM, and Veltman, DJ

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Major Depressive Disorder, Serious Mental Illness, Neurosciences, Biomedical Imaging, Depression, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Mental health, Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Frontal Lobe, Gray Matter, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuroimaging, Prefrontal Cortex, Temporal Lobe, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.

Published
2017

6. Subcortical brain structure and suicidal behaviour in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis from the ENIGMA-MDD working group.

Author

Rentería, ME, Schmaal, L, Hibar, DP, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Strike, LT, Mills, NT, de Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Gillespie, NA, Hatton, SN, Lagopoulos, J, Veltman, DJ, van der Wee, N, van Erp, TGM, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Block, A, Hegenscheid, K, Völzke, H, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schnell, K, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schoepf, D, Konrad, C, Zurowski, B, Godlewska, BR, Cowen, PJ, Penninx, BWJH, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, Wright, MJ, Martin, NG, Christensen, H, and Hickie, IB

Subjects
Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Suicide, Depressive Disorder, Major, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation, Neuroimaging, Depressive Disorder, Major, Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

The aetiology of suicidal behaviour is complex, and knowledge about its neurobiological mechanisms is limited. Neuroimaging methods provide a noninvasive approach to explore the neural correlates of suicide vulnerability in vivo. The ENIGMA-MDD Working Group is an international collaboration evaluating neuroimaging and clinical data from thousands of individuals collected by research groups from around the world. Here we present analyses in a subset sample (n=3097) for whom suicidality data were available. Prevalence of suicidal symptoms among major depressive disorder (MDD) cases ranged between 29 and 69% across cohorts. We compared mean subcortical grey matter volumes, lateral ventricle volumes and total intracranial volume (ICV) in MDD patients with suicidal symptoms (N=451) vs healthy controls (N=1996) or MDD patients with no suicidal symptoms (N=650). MDD patients reporting suicidal plans or attempts showed a smaller ICV (P=4.12 × 10-3) or a 2.87% smaller volume compared with controls (Cohen's d=-0.284). In addition, we observed a nonsignificant trend in which MDD cases with suicidal symptoms had smaller subcortical volumes and larger ventricular volumes compared with controls. Finally, no significant differences (P=0.28-0.97) were found between MDD patients with and those without suicidal symptoms for any of the brain volume measures. This is by far the largest neuroimaging meta-analysis of suicidal behaviour in MDD to date. Our results did not replicate previous reports of association between subcortical brain structure and suicidality and highlight the need for collecting better-powered imaging samples and using improved suicidality assessment instruments.

Published
2017

7. Subcortical brain alterations in major depressive disorder: findings from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder working group.

Author

Schmaal, L, Veltman, DJ, van Erp, TGM, Sämann, PG, Frodl, T, Jahanshad, N, Loehrer, E, Tiemeier, H, Hofman, A, Niessen, WJ, Vernooij, MW, Ikram, MA, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Block, A, Hegenscheid, K, Völzke, H, Hoehn, D, Czisch, M, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Goya-Maldonado, R, Krämer, B, Gruber, O, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Rentería, ME, Strike, LT, Mills, NT, de Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Martin, NG, Gillespie, NA, Wright, MJ, Hall, GB, MacQueen, GM, Frey, EM, Carballedo, A, van Velzen, LS, van Tol, MJ, van der Wee, NJ, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schnell, K, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schoepf, D, Konrad, C, Zurowski, B, Nickson, T, McIntosh, AM, Papmeyer, M, Whalley, HC, Sussmann, JE, Godlewska, BR, Cowen, PJ, Fischer, FH, Rose, M, Penninx, BWJH, Thompson, PM, and Hibar, DP

Subjects
Brain, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Case-Control Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Neuroimaging, major depressive disorder, structural volumes, ENIGMA consortium, meta-analysis, hippocampus, Depressive Disorder, Major, Psychiatry, Medical and Health Sciences, Biological Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

The pattern of structural brain alterations associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unresolved. This is in part due to small sample sizes of neuroimaging studies resulting in limited statistical power, disease heterogeneity and the complex interactions between clinical characteristics and brain morphology. To address this, we meta-analyzed three-dimensional brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 1728 MDD patients and 7199 controls from 15 research samples worldwide, to identify subcortical brain volumes that robustly discriminate MDD patients from healthy controls. Relative to controls, patients had significantly lower hippocampal volumes (Cohen's d=-0.14, % difference=-1.24). This effect was driven by patients with recurrent MDD (Cohen's d=-0.17, % difference=-1.44), and we detected no differences between first episode patients and controls. Age of onset ⩽21 was associated with a smaller hippocampus (Cohen's d=-0.20, % difference=-1.85) and a trend toward smaller amygdala (Cohen's d=-0.11, % difference=-1.23) and larger lateral ventricles (Cohen's d=0.12, % difference=5.11). Symptom severity at study inclusion was not associated with any regional brain volumes. Sample characteristics such as mean age, proportion of antidepressant users and proportion of remitted patients, and methodological characteristics did not significantly moderate alterations in brain volumes in MDD. Samples with a higher proportion of antipsychotic medication users showed larger caudate volumes in MDD patients compared with controls. This currently largest worldwide effort to identify subcortical brain alterations showed robust smaller hippocampal volumes in MDD patients, moderated by age of onset and first episode versus recurrent episode status.

Published
2016

9. Novel loci associated with usual sleep duration: the CHARGE Consortium Genome-Wide Association Study

Author

Gottlieb, DJ, Hek, K, Chen, T-H, Watson, NF, Eiriksdottir, G, Byrne, EM, Cornelis, M, Warby, SC, Bandinelli, S, Cherkas, L, Evans, DS, Grabe, HJ, Lahti, J, Li, M, Lehtimäki, T, Lumley, T, Marciante, KD, Pérusse, L, Psaty, BM, Robbins, J, Tranah, GJ, Vink, JM, Wilk, JB, Stafford, JM, Bellis, C, Biffar, R, Bouchard, C, Cade, B, Curhan, GC, Eriksson, JG, Ewert, R, Ferrucci, L, Fülöp, T, Gehrman, PR, Goodloe, R, Harris, TB, Heath, AC, Hernandez, D, Hofman, A, Hottenga, J-J, Hunter, DJ, Jensen, MK, Johnson, AD, Kähönen, M, Kao, L, Kraft, P, Larkin, EK, Lauderdale, DS, Luik, AI, Medici, M, Montgomery, GW, Palotie, A, Patel, SR, Pistis, G, Porcu, E, Quaye, L, Raitakari, O, Redline, S, Rimm, EB, Rotter, JI, Smith, AV, Spector, TD, Teumer, A, Uitterlinden, AG, Vohl, M-C, Widen, E, Willemsen, G, Young, T, Zhang, X, Liu, Y, Blangero, J, Boomsma, DI, Gudnason, V, Hu, F, Mangino, M, Martin, NG, O'Connor, GT, Stone, KL, Tanaka, T, Viikari, J, Gharib, SA, Punjabi, NM, Räikkönen, K, Völzke, H, Mignot, E, and Tiemeier, H

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Mental Health, Sleep Research, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Genetics, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Black or African American, Aged, Dyssomnias, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Self Report, Sleep, White People, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Usual sleep duration is a heritable trait correlated with psychiatric morbidity, cardiometabolic disease and mortality, although little is known about the genetic variants influencing this trait. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of usual sleep duration was conducted using 18 population-based cohorts totaling 47 180 individuals of European ancestry. Genome-wide significant association was identified at two loci. The strongest is located on chromosome 2, in an intergenic region 35- to 80-kb upstream from the thyroid-specific transcription factor PAX8 (lowest P=1.1 × 10(-9)). This finding was replicated in an African-American sample of 4771 individuals (lowest P=9.3 × 10(-4)). The strongest combined association was at rs1823125 (P=1.5 × 10(-10), minor allele frequency 0.26 in the discovery sample, 0.12 in the replication sample), with each copy of the minor allele associated with a sleep duration 3.1 min longer per night. The alleles associated with longer sleep duration were associated in previous GWAS with a more favorable metabolic profile and a lower risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these associations may help elucidate biological mechanisms influencing sleep duration and its association with psychiatric, metabolic and cardiovascular disease.

Published
2015

12. Genome-wide association analysis identifies six new loci associated with forced vital capacity

Author

Loth, DW, Artigas, MS, Gharib, SA, Wain, LV, Franceschini, N, Koch, B, Pottinger, TD, Smith, AV, Duan, Q, Oldmeadow, C, Lee, MK, Strachan, DP, James, AL, Huffman, JE, Vitart, V, Ramasamy, A, Wareham, NJ, Kaprio, J, Wang, XQ, Trochet, H, Kähönen, M, Flexeder, C, Albrecht, E, Lopez, LM, De Jong, K, Thyagarajan, B, Alves, AC, Enroth, S, Omenaas, E, Joshi, PK, Fall, T, Viñuela, A, Launer, LJ, Loehr, LR, Fornage, M, Li, G, Wilk, JB, Tang, W, Manichaikul, A, Lahousse, L, Harris, TB, North, KE, Rudnicka, AR, Hui, J, Gu, X, Lumley, T, Wright, AF, Hastie, ND, Campbell, S, Kumar, R, Pin, I, Scott, RA, Pietiläinen, KH, Surakka, I, Liu, Y, Holliday, EG, Schulz, H, Heinrich, J, Davies, G, Vonk, JM, Wojczynski, M, Pouta, A, Johansson, A, Wild, SH, Ingelsson, E, Rivadeneira, F, Völzke, H, Hysi, PG, Eiriksdottir, G, Morrison, AC, Rotter, JI, Gao, W, Postma, DS, White, WB, Rich, SS, Hofman, A, Aspelund, T, Couper, D, Smith, LJ, Psaty, BM, Lohman, K, Burchard, EG, Uitterlinden, AG, Garcia, M, Joubert, BR, McArdle, WL, Musk, AB, Hansel, N, Heckbert, SR, Zgaga, L, Van Meurs, JBJ, Navarro, P, Rudan, I, Oh, YM, Redline, S, Jarvis, DL, Zhao, JH, Rantanen, T, O'Connor, GT, and Ripatti, S

Subjects
Developmental Biology, Medical and Health Sciences, Biological Sciences
Abstract

Forced vital capacity (FVC), a spirometric measure of pulmonary function, reflects lung volume and is used to diagnose and monitor lung diseases. We performed genome-wide association study meta-analysis of FVC in 52,253 individuals from 26 studies and followed up the top associations in 32,917 additional individuals of European ancestry. We found six new regions associated at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8) with FVC in or near EFEMP1, BMP6, MIR129-2-HSD17B12, PRDM11, WWOX and KCNJ2. Two loci previously associated with spirometric measures (GSTCD and PTCH1) were related to FVC. Newly implicated regions were followed up in samples from African-American, Korean, Chinese and Hispanic individuals. We detected transcripts for all six newly implicated genes in human lung tissue. The new loci may inform mechanisms involved in lung development and the pathogenesis of restrictive lung disease.© 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

14. COGENT (COlorectal cancer GENeTics): an international consortium to study the role of polymorphic variation on the risk of colorectal cancer

Author

Tomlinson, IPM, Dunlop, M, Campbell, H, Zanke, B, Gallinger, S, Hudson, T, Koessler, T, Pharoah, PD, Niittymäkix, I, Tuupanenx, S, Aaltonen, LA, Hemminki, K, Lindblom, A, Försti, A, Sieber, O, Lipton, L, van Wezel, T, Morreau, H, Wijnen, JT, Devilee, P, Matsuda, K, Nakamura, Y, Castellví-Bel, S, Ruiz-Ponte, C, Castells, A, Carracedo, A, Ho, JWC, Sham, P, Hofstra, RMW, Vodicka, P, Brenner, H, Hampe, J, Schafmayer, C, Tepel, J, Schreiber, S, Völzke, H, Lerch, MM, Schmidt, CA, Buch, S, Moreno, V, Villanueva, CM, Peterlongo, P, Radice, P, Echeverry, MM, Velez, A, Carvajal-Carmona, L, Scott, R, Penegar, S, Broderick, P, Tenesa, A, and Houlston, RS

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Digestive Diseases, Genetics, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Cancer, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Colorectal Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Penetrance, Polymorphism, Genetic, Prognosis, Risk, Risk Factors, colorectal cancer, association, polymorphism, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

It is now recognised that a part of the inherited risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) can be explained by the co-inheritance of low-penetrance genetic variants. The accumulated experience to date in identifying these variants has served to highlight difficulties in conducting statistically and methodologically rigorous studies and follow-up analyses. The COGENT (COlorectal cancer GENeTics) consortium includes 20 research groups in Europe, Australia, the Americas, China and Japan. The overarching goal of COGENT is to identify and characterise low-penetrance susceptibility variants for CRC through association-based analyses. In this study, we review the rationale for identifying low-penetrance variants for CRC and our proposed strategy for establishing COGENT.

Published
2010

20. Genome-wide association study of pathological gambling

Author

Lang, M., Leménager, T., Streit, F., Fauth-Bühler, M., Frank, J., Juraeva, D., Witt, S.H., Degenhardt, F., Hofmann, A., Heilmann-Heimbach, S., Kiefer, F., Brors, B., Grabe, H.-J., John, U., Bischof, A., Bischof, G., Völker, U., Homuth, G., Beutel, M., Lind, P.A., Medland, S.E., Slutske, W.S., Martin, N.G., Völzke, H., Nöthen, M.M., Meyer, C., Rumpf, H.-J., Wurst, F.M., Rietschel, M., and Mann, K.F.

Published
2016
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22. Lack of structural brain alteration associated with insomnia: Findings from the ENIGMA-Sleep working group

Author

Weihs, A., primary, Bi, H., additional, Bülow, R., additional, Eickhoff, S.B., additional, Ewert, R., additional, Frenzel, S., additional, Grabe, H.J., additional, Hoffstaedter, F., additional, Jahanshad, N., additional, Khazaie, H., additional, Patil, K., additional, Riemann, D., additional, Rostampour, M., additional, Schiel, J.E., additional, Spiegelhalder, K., additional, Stubbe, B., additional, Thomopoulos, S.I., additional, Thompson, P.M., additional, Valk, S.L., additional, Völzke, H., additional, Zarei, M., additional, and Tahmasian, M., additional

Published
2022
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29. Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, R C, Saccone, N L, Horton, A C, Ma, Y, Anstey, K J, Banaschewski, T, Burmeister, M, Cohen-Woods, S, Etain, B, Fisher, H L, Goldman, N, Guillaume, S, Horwood, J, Juhasz, G, Lester, K J, Mandelli, L, Middeldorp, C M, Olié, E, Villafuerte, S, Air, T M, Araya, R, Bowes, L, Burns, R, Byrne, E M, Coffey, C, Coventry, W L, Gawronski, K AB, Glei, D, Hatzimanolis, A, Hottenga, J-J, Jaussent, I, Jawahar, C, Jennen-Steinmetz, C, Kramer, J R, Lajnef, M, Little, K, zu Schwabedissen, H M, Nauck, M, Nederhof, E, Petschner, P, Peyrot, W J, Schwahn, C, Sinnamon, G, Stacey, D, Tian, Y, Toben, C, Van der Auwera, S, Wainwright, N, Wang, J-C, Willemsen, G, Anderson, I M, Arolt, V, Åslund, C, Bagdy, G, Baune, B T, Bellivier, F, Boomsma, D I, Courtet, P, Dannlowski, U, de Geus, E JC, Deakin, J FW, Easteal, S, Eley, T, Fergusson, D M, Goate, A M, Gonda, X, Grabe, H J, Holzman, C, Johnson, E O, Kennedy, M, Laucht, M, Martin, N G, Munafò, M R, Nilsson, K W, Oldehinkel, A J, Olsson, C A, Ormel, J, Otte, C, Patton, G C, Penninx, B WJH, Ritchie, K, Sarchiapone, M, Scheid, J M, Serretti, A, Smit, J H, Stefanis, N C, Surtees, P G, Völzke, H, Weinstein, M, Whooley, M, Nurnberger, J I, Jr, Breslau, N, and Bierut, L J

Published
2018
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33. sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345221129807 – Supplemental material for Development and External Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model to Identify Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia and Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetes Risk Assessment in Dentistry Score (DDS)

Author

Yonel, Z., Kocher, T., Chapple, I.L.C., Dietrich, T., Völzke, H., Nauck, M., Collins, G., Gray, L.J., and Holtfreter, B.

Subjects
110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified, FOS: Materials engineering, FOS: Clinical medicine, 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345221129807 for Development and External Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model to Identify Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia and Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetes Risk Assessment in Dentistry Score (DDS) by Z. Yonel, T. Kocher, I.L.C. Chapple, T. Dietrich, H. Völzke, M. Nauck, G. Collins, L.J. Gray and B. Holtfreter in Journal of Dental Research

Published
2022
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34. Automated imaging-based abdominal organ segmentation and quality control in 20,000 participants of the UK Biobank and German National Cohort Studies

Author

Kart, T., Fischer, M., Winzeck, S., Glocker, B., Bai, W., Bülow, R., Emmel, C., Friedrich, L., Kauczor, H.U., Keil, T., Kröncke, T., Mayer, P., Niendorf, T., Peters, A., Pischon, T., Schaarschmidt, B.M., Schmidt, B., Schulze, M.B., Umutle, L., Völzke, H., Küstner, T., Bamberg, F., Schölkopf, B., Rueckert, D., and Gatidis, S.

Subjects
Quality Control, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Medizin, Humans, ddc:610, Technology Platforms, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, United Kingdom, Biological Specimen Banks
Abstract

Large epidemiological studies such as the UK Biobank (UKBB) or German National Cohort (NAKO) provide unprecedented health-related data of the general population aiming to better understand determinants of health and disease. As part of these studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is performed in a subset of participants allowing for phenotypical and functional characterization of different organ systems. Due to the large amount of imaging data, automated image analysis is required, which can be performed using deep learning methods, e. g. for automated organ segmentation. In this paper we describe a computational pipeline for automated segmentation of abdominal organs on MRI data from 20,000 participants of UKBB and NAKO and provide results of the quality control process. We found that approx. 90% of data sets showed no relevant segmentation errors while relevant errors occurred in a varying proportion of data sets depending on the organ of interest. Image-derived features based on automated organ segmentations showed relevant deviations of varying degree in the presence of segmentation errors. These results show that large-scale, deep learning-based abdominal organ segmentation on MRI data is feasible with overall high accuracy, but visual quality control remains an important step ensuring the validity of down-stream analyses in large epidemiological imaging studies.

Published
2022

35. Zunahme psychischer Störungen während der COVID-19-Pandemie – die Rolle beruflicher und finanzieller Belastungen. Eine Analyse der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie

Author

Dragano, N., Reuter, M., Peters, A., Engels, M., Schmidt, B., Greiser, K.H., Bohn, B., Riedel-Heller, S., Karch, A., Mikolajczyk, R., Krause, G., Lang, O., Panreck, L., Rietschel, M., Brenner, H., Fischer, B., Franzke, C.W., Gastell, S., Holleczek, B., Jöckel, K.H., Kaaks, R., Keil, T., Kluttig, A., Kuß, O., Legath, N., Leitzmann, M., Lieb, W., Meinke-Franze, C., Michels, K.B., Obi, N., Pischon, T., Feinkohl, I., Rospleszcz, S., Schikowski, T., Schulze, M.B., Stang, A., Völzke, H., Willich, S.N., Wirkner, K., Zeeb, H., Ahrens, W., and Berger, K.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have reported an increase in mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the exact reasons for this development are not well understood. In this study we investigate whether pandemic-related occupational and financial changes (e.g., reduced working hours, working from home, financial losses) were associated with increased symptoms of depression and anxiety compared with the situation before the pandemic. METHODS: We analyzed data from the German National Cohort (NAKO) Study. Between May and November 2020, 161 849 study participants answered questions on their mental state and social circumstances. Their responses were compared with data from the baseline survey before the pandemic (2014-2019). Linear fixed-effects models were used to determine whether individual changes in the severity of symptoms of depression (PHQ-9) or anxiety (GAD-7) were associated with occupational/financial changes (controlling for various covariates). RESULTS: The prevalence of moderate or severe symptoms of depression and anxiety increased by 2.4% and 1.5%, respectively, during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the preceding years. The mean severity of the symptoms rose slightly. A pronounced increase in symptoms was observed among those who became unemployed during the pandemic (+ 1.16 points on the depression scale, 95% confidence interval [0.91; 1.41], range 0-27). Increases were also seen for reduced working hours with no short-time allowance, increased working hours, working from home, insecurity regarding employment, and financial strain. The deterioration in mental health was largely statistically explained by the occupational and financial changes investigated in the model. CONCLUSION: Depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders increased slightly in the study population during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Occupational and financial difficulties were an essential contributory factor. These strains should be taken into account both in the care of individual patients and in the planning of targeted prevention measures.

Published
2022

36. Development and External Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model to Identify Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia and Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetes Risk Assessment in Dentistry Score (DDS).

Author

Yonel, Z., Kocher, T., Chapple, I.L.C., Dietrich, T., Völzke, H., Nauck, M., Collins, G., Gray, L.J., and Holtfreter, B.

Subjects
PERIODONTITIS, PREDIABETIC state, HYPERGLYCEMIA, TYPE 2 diabetes
Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate a score for use in dental settings to identify those at risk of undiagnosed nondiabetic hyperglycemia (NDH) or type 2 diabetes (T2D). The Studies of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) project comprises 2 representative population-based cohort studies conducted in northeast Germany. SHIP-TREND-0, 2008 to 2012 (the development data set) had 3,339 eligible participants, with 329 having undiagnosed NDH or T2D. Missing data were replaced using multiple imputation. Potential covariates were selected for inclusion in the model using backward elimination. Heuristic shrinkage was used to reduce overfitting, and the final model was adjusted for optimism. We report the full model and a simplified paper-based point-score system. External validation of the model and score employed an independent data set comprising 2,359 participants with 357 events. Predictive performance, discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility were assessed. The final model included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, first-degree relative with diabetes, presence of a dental prosthesis, presence of mobile teeth, history of periodontal treatment, and probing pocket depths ≥5 mm as well as prespecified interaction terms. In SHIP-TREND-0, the model area under the curve (AUC) was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69, 0.75), calibration in the large was −0.025. The point score AUC was 0.69 (95% CI 0.65, 0.72), with sensitivity of 77.0 (95% CI 76.8, 77.2), specificity of 51.5 (95% CI 51.4, 51.7), negative predictive value of 94.5 (95% CI 94.5, 94.6), and positive predictive value of 17.0 (95% CI 17.0, 17.1). External validation of the point score gave an AUC of 0.69 (95% CI 0.66, 0.71), sensitivity of 79.2 (95% CI 79.0, 79.4), specificity of 49.9 (95% CI 49.8, 50.00), negative predictive value 91.5 (95% CI 91.5, 91.6), and positive predictive value of 25.9 (95% CI 25.8, 26.0). A validated prediction model involving dental variables can identify NDH or undiagnosed T2DM. Further studies are required to validate the model for different European populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Higher thyroid stimulating hormone leads to cardiovascular disease and an unfavorable lipid profile: EVidence from multi-cohort Mendelian randomization and metabolomic profiling

Author

Van Vliet, N.A., primary, Bos, M.M., additional, Thesing, C.S., additional, Chaker, L., additional, Pietzner, M., additional, Houtman, E., additional, Neville, M.J., additional, Li-Gao, R., additional, Trompet, S., additional, Mustafa, R., additional, Ahmadizar, F., additional, Beekman, M., additional, Bot, M., additional, Budde, K., additional, Christodoulides, C., additional, Dehghan, A., additional, Delles, C., additional, Elliott, P., additional, Evangelou, M., additional, Gao, H., additional, Ghanbari, M., additional, Van Herwaarden, A.E., additional, Ikram, M.A., additional, Jaeger, M., additional, Jukema, J.W., additional, Karaman, I., additional, Karpe, F., additional, Kloppenburg, M., additional, Meessen, J.M.T.A., additional, Meulenbelt, I., additional, Milaneschi, Y., additional, Mooijaart, S.P., additional, Mook-Kanamori, D.O., additional, Netea, M.G., additional, Netea-Maier, R.T., additional, Peeters, R.P., additional, Penninx, B.W.J.H., additional, Sattar, N., additional, Slagboom, P.E., additional, Suchiman, H.E.D., additional, Völzke, H., additional, Van Dijk, K. Willems, additional, and Noordam, R., additional

Published
2021
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44. Metabolic signature associated with parameters of the complete blood count in apparently healthy individuals

Author

Masuch, A., Budde, K., Kastenmüller, G., Artati, A., Adamski, J., Völzke, H., Nauck, M., and Pietzner, M.

Subjects
Adult, Male, complete blood count, Apparently Healthy, Blood Cell Metabolism, Complete Blood Count, Metabolomics, Populationbased Study, Health Status, Original Articles, metabolomics, Mass Spectrometry, Blood Cell Count, parasitic diseases, blood cell metabolism, Humans, Original Article, Female, apparently healthy, population‐based study
Abstract

Metabolomics studies now approach large sample sizes and the health characterization of the study population often include complete blood count (CBC) results. Upon careful interpretation the CBC aids diagnosis and provides insight into the health status of the patient within a clinical setting. Uncovering metabolic signatures associated with parameters of the CBC in apparently healthy individuals may facilitate interpretation of metabolomics studies in general and related to diseases. For this purpose 879 subjects from the population‐based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)‐TREND were included. Using metabolomics data resulting from mass‐spectrometry based measurements in plasma samples associations of specific CBC parameters with metabolites were determined by linear regression models. In total, 118 metabolites significantly associated with at least one of the CBC parameters. Strongest associations were observed with metabolites of heme degradation and energy production/consumption. Inverse association seen with mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin comprised metabolites potentially related to kidney function. The presently identified metabolic signatures are likely derived from the general function and formation/elimination of blood cells. The wealth of associated metabolites strongly argues to consider CBC in the interpretation of metabolomics studies, in particular if mutual effects on those parameters by the disease of interest are known.

Published
2019

47. Moderating effects of serum vitamin D on brain structure

Author

Bonk, S, Terock, J, Van der Auwera, S, Frenzel, S, Wittfeld, K, Hosten, N, Nauck, M, Völzke, H, and Grabe, H

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in the German population and is known to affect a wide range of pathways in human metabolism. As an example, previous studies found a link between Alzheimer's disease and modifications of brain structures [ref:1], [ref:2]. Motivated[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 65th Annual Meeting of the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS), Meeting of the Central European Network (CEN: German Region, Austro-Swiss Region and Polish Region) of the International Biometric Society (IBS)

Published
2021
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48. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

Author

Iurilli, M.L.C. Zhou, B. Bennett, J.E. Carrillo-Larco, R.M. Sophiea, M.K. Rodriguez-Martinez, A. Bixby, H. Solomon, B.D. Taddei, C. Danaei, G. Di Cesare, M. Stevens, G.A. Riley, L.M. Savin, S. Cowan, M.J. Bovet, P. Damasceno, A. Chirita-Emandi, A. Hayes, A.J. Ikeda, N. Jackson, R.T. Khang, Y.-H. Laxmaiah, A. Liu, J. Miranda, J.J. Saidi, O. Sebert, S. Sorić, M. Starc, G. Gregg, E.W. Abarca-Gómez, L. Abdeen, Z.A. Abdrakhmanova, S. Ghaffar, S.A. Rahim, H.F.A. Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. Garba, J.A. Acosta-Cazares, B. Adams, R.J. Aekplakorn, W. Afsana, K. Afzal, S. Agdeppa, I.A. Aghazadeh-Attari, J. Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. Agyemang, C. Ahmad, M.H. Ahmad, N.A. Ahmadi, A. Ahmadi, N. Ahmed, S.H. Ahrens, W. Aitmurzaeva, G. Ajlouni, K. Al-Hazzaa, H.M. Al-Lahou, B. Al-Raddadi, R. Alarouj, M. AlBuhairan, F. AlDhukair, S. Ali, M.M. Alkandari, A. Alkerwi, A. Allin, K. Alvarez-Pedrerol, M. Aly, E. Amarapurkar, D.N. Amiri, P. Amougou, N. Amouyel, P. Andersen, L.B. Anderssen, S.A. Ängquist, L. Anjana, R.M. Ansari-Moghaddam, A. Aounallah-Skhiri, H. Araújo, J. Ariansen, I. Aris, T. Arku, R.E. Arlappa, N. Aryal, K.K. Aspelund, T. Assah, F.K. Assunção, M.C.F. Aung, M.S. Auvinen, J. Mária Avdicová Avi, S. Azevedo, A. Azimi-Nezhad, M. Azizi, F. Azmin, M. Babu, B.V. Bæksgaard Jørgensen, M. Baharudin, A. Bahijri, S. Baker, J.L. Balakrishna, N. Bamoshmoosh, M. Banach, M. Bandosz, P. Banegas, J.R. Baran, J. Barbagallo, C.M. Barceló, A. Barkat, A. Barros, A.J.D. Barros, M.V.G. Basit, A. Bastos, J.L.D. Bata, I. Batieha, A.M. Batista, R.L. Battakova, Z. Batyrbek, A. Baur, L.A. Beaglehole, R. Bel-Serrat, S. Belavendra, A. Romdhane, H.B. Benedics, J. Benet, M. Bergh, I.H. Berkinbayev, S. Bernabe-Ortiz, A. Bernotiene, G. Bettiol, H. Bezerra, J. Bhagyalaxmi, A. Bharadwaj, S. Bhargava, S.K. Bhutta, Z.A. Bi, H. Bi, Y. Bia, D. Lele, E.C.B. Bikbov, M.M. Bista, B. Bjelica, D.J. Bjerregaard, P. Bjertness, E. Bjertness, M.B. Björkelund, C. Bloch, K.V. Blokstra, A. Bo, S. Bobak, M. Boddy, L.M. Boehm, B.O. Boeing, H. Boggia, J.G. Bogova, E. Boissonnet, C.P. Bojesen, S.E. Bonaccio, M. Bongard, V. Bonilla-Vargas, A. Bopp, M. Borghs, H. Braeckevelt, L. Braeckman, L. Bragt, M.C.E. Brajkovich, I. Branca, F. Breckenkamp, J. Breda, J. Brenner, H. Brewster, L.M. Brian, G.R. Brinduse, L. Brophy, S. Bruno, G. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B. Bugge, A. Buoncristiano, M. Burazeri, G. Burns, C. de León, A.C. Cacciottolo, J. Cai, H. Cama, T. Cameron, C. Camolas, J. Can, G. Candido, A.P.C. Cañete, F. Capanzana, M.V. Capková, N. Capuano, E. Capuano, V. Cardol, M. Cardoso, V.C. Carlsson, A.C. Carmuega, E. Carvalho, J. Casajús, J.A. Casanueva, F.F. Celikcan, E. Censi, L. Cervantes-Loaiza, M. Cesar, J.A. Chamukuttan, S. Chan, A.W. Chan, Q. Chaturvedi, H.K. Chaturvedi, N. Rahim, N.C.A. Chee, M.L. Chen, C.-J. Chen, F. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, Z. Cheng, C.-Y. Cheraghian, B. Chetrit, A. Chikova-Iscener, E. Chiolero, A. Chiou, S.-T. Chirlaque, M.-D. Cho, B. Christensen, K. Christofaro, D.G. Chudek, J. Cifkova, R. Cilia, M. Cinteza, E. Claessens, F. Clarke, J. Clays, E. Cohen, E. Concin, H. Confortin, S.C. Cooper, C. Coppinger, T.C. Corpeleijn, E. Costanzo, S. Cottel, D. Cowell, C. Craig, C.L. Crampin, A.C. Crujeiras, A.B. Csilla, S. Cucu, A.M. Cui, L. Cureau, F.V. Czenczek-Lewandowska, E. D’Arrigo, G. d’Orsi, E. Dacica, L. Dal Re Saavedra, M.A. Dallongeville, J. Damsgaard, C.T. Dankner, R. Dantoft, T.M. Dasgupta, P. Dastgiri, S. Dauchet, L. Davletov, K. De Backer, G. De Bacquer, D. de Gaetano, G. De Henauw, S. de Oliveira, P.D. De Ridder, D. De Ridder, K. de Rooij, S.R. De Smedt, D. Deepa, M. Deev, A.D. DeGennaro, V., Jr Dehghan, A. Delisle, H. Delpeuch, F. Demarest, S. Dennison, E. Dereń, K. Deschamps, V. Dhimal, M. Di Castelnuovo, A.F. Dias-da-Costa, J.S. Díaz-Sánchez, M.E. Diaz, A. Dika, Z. Djalalinia, S. Djordjic, V. Do, H.T.P. Dobson, A.J. Donati, M.B. Donfrancesco, C. Donoso, S.P. Döring, A. Dorobantu, M. Dorosty, A.R. Doua, K. Dragano, N. Drygas, W. Duan, J.L. Duante, C.A. Duboz, P. Duda, R.B. Duleva, V. Dulskiene, V. Dumith, S.C. Dushpanova, A. Dzerve, V. Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. Eddie, R. Eftekhar, E. Egbagbe, E.E. Eggertsen, R. Eghtesad, S. Eiben, G. Ekelund, U. El-Khateeb, M. Ati, J.E. Eldemire-Shearer, D. Eliasen, M. Elliott, P. Engle-Stone, R. Enguerran, M. Erasmus, R.T. Erbel, R. Erem, C. Eriksen, L. Eriksson, J.G. Escobedo-de la Peña, J. Eslami, S. Esmaeili, A. Evans, A. Faeh, D. Fakhretdinova, A.A. Fall, C.H. Faramarzi, E. Farjam, M. Sant’Angelo, V.F. Farzadfar, F. Fattahi, M.R. Fawwad, A. Felix-Redondo, F.J. Ferguson, T.S. Fernandes, R.A. Fernández-Bergés, D. Ferrante, D. Ferrao, T. Ferrari, M. Ferrario, M.M. Ferreccio, C. Ferrer, E. Ferrieres, J. Figueiró, T.H. Fijalkowska, A. Fink, G. Fischer, K. Foo, L.H. Forsner, M. Fouad, H.M. Francis, D.K. Maria do Carmo Franco Frikke-Schmidt, R. Frontera, G. Fuchs, F.D. Fuchs, S.C. Fujiati, I.I. Fujita, Y. Fumihiko, M. Furusawa, T. Gaciong, Z. Gafencu, M. Galbarczyk, A. Galenkamp, H. Galeone, D. Galfo, M. Galvano, F. Gao, J. Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. García-Solano, M. Gareta, D. Garnett, S.P. Gaspoz, J.-M. Gasull, M. Gaya, A.C.A. Gaya, A.R. Gazzinelli, A. Gehring, U. Geiger, H. Geleijnse, J.M. Ghanbari, A. Ghasemi, E. Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. Giampaoli, S. Gianfagna, F. Gill, T.K. Giovannelli, J. Gironella, G. Giwercman, A. Gkiouras, K. Godos, J. Gogen, S. Goldberg, M. Goldsmith, R.A. Goltzman, D. Gómez, S.F. Gomula, A. da Silva, B.G.C. Gonçalves, H. Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. Gonzalez-Gross, M. González-Leon, M. González-Rivas, J.P. González-Villalpando, C. González-Villalpando, M.-E. Gonzalez, A.R. Gottrand, F. Graça, A.P. Graff-Iversen, S. Grafnetter, D. Grajda, A. Grammatikopoulou, M.G. Gregor, R.D. Grodzicki, T. Grøholt, E.K. Grøntved, A. Grosso, G. Gruden, G. Gu, D. Gualdi-Russo, E. Guallar-Castillón, P. Gualtieri, A. Gudmundsson, E.F. Gudnason, V. Guerrero, R. Guessous, I. Guimaraes, A.L. Gulliford, M.C. Gunnlaugsdottir, J. Gunter, M.J. Guo, X.-H. Guo, Y. Gupta, P.C. Gupta, R. Gureje, O. Gurzkowska, B. Gutiérrez-González, E. Gutierrez, L. Gutzwiller, F. Ha, S. Hadaegh, F. Hadjigeorgiou, C.A. Haghshenas, R. Hakimi, H. Halkjær, J. Hambleton, I.R. Hamzeh, B. Hange, D. Hanif, A.A.M. Hantunen, S. Hao, J. Kumar, R.H. Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. Hassapidou, M. Hata, J. Haugsgjerd, T. He, J. He, Y. He, Y. Heidinger-Felso, R. Heinen, M. Hejgaard, T. Hendriks, M.E. dos Santos Henrique, R. Henriques, A. Cadena, L.H. Herrala, S. Herrera, V.M. Herter-Aeberli, I. Heshmat, R. Hill, A.G. Ho, S.Y. Ho, S.C. Hobbs, M. Holdsworth, M. Homayounfar, R. Homs, C. Hopman, W.M. Horimoto, A.R.V.R. Hormiga, C.M. Horta, B.L. Houti, L. Howitt, C. Htay, T.T. Htet, A.S. Htike, M.M.T. Hu, Y. Huerta, J.M. Huhtaniemi, I.T. Huiart, L. Petrescu, C.H. Huisman, M. Husseini, A. Huu, C.N. Huybrechts, I. Hwalla, N. Hyska, J. Iacoviello, L. Ibarluzea, J.M. Ibrahim, M.M. Wong, N.I. Ikram, M.A. Iotova, V. Irazola, V.E. Ishida, T. Islam, M. Islam, S.M.S. Iwasaki, M. Jacobs, J.M. Jaddou, H.Y. Jafar, T. James, K. 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Solfrizzi, V. Somi, M.H. Sonestedt, E. Song, Y. Sørensen, T.I.A. Sørgjerd, E.P. Jérome, C.S. Soto-Rojas, V.E. Soumaré, A. Sovic, S. Sparboe-Nilsen, B. Sparrenberger, K. Spinelli, A. Spiroski, I. Staessen, J.A. Stamm, H. Stathopoulou, M.G. Staub, K. Stavreski, B. Steene-Johannessen, J. Stehle, P. Stein, A.D. Stergiou, G.S. Stessman, J. Stevanovic, R. Stieber, J. Stöckl, D. Stocks, T. Stokwiszewski, J. Stoyanova, E. Stratton, G. Stronks, K. Strufaldi, M.W. Sturua, L. Suárez-Medina, S. Suka, M. Sun, C.-A. Sundström, J. Sung, Y.-T. Sunyer, J. Suriyawongpaisal, P. Swinburn, B.A. Sy, R.G. Syddall, H.E. Sylva, R.C. Szklo, M. Szponar, L. Tai, E.S. Tammesoo, M.-L. Tamosiunas, A. Tan, E.J. Tang, X. Tanrygulyyeva, M. Tanser, F. Tao, Y. Tarawneh, M.R. Tarp, J. Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. Braunerová, R.T. Taylor, A. Taylor, J. Tchibindat, F. Tebar, W.R. Tell, G.S. Tello, T. Tham, Y.C. Thankappan, K.R. Theobald, H. Theodoridis, X. Thijs, L. Thomas, N. Thuesen, B.H. Tichá, L. Timmermans, E.J. Tjonneland, A. 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Zargar, A.H. Zaw, K.K. Zdrojewski, T. Zejglicova, K. Vrkic, T.Z. Zeng, Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z.-Y. Zhao, D. Zhao, M.-H. Zhao, W. Zhen, S. Zheng, W. Zheng, Y. Zholdin, B. Zhou, M. Zhu, D. Zins, M. Zitt, E. Zocalo, Y. Cisneros, J.Z. Zuziak, M. Ezzati, M. Filippi, S. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. © Copyright.

Published
2021

49. Free Communications 5: Epidemiology, genetics, outcomes Inflammatory markers and extent and progression of early atherosclerosis: Pooled analysis of individual participant data from 20 prospective studies of the PROG-IMT collaboration: WSC-1521

Author

Willeit, P, Thompson, S G, Agewall, S, Bergström, G, Bickel, H, Catapano, A L, Chien, K L, de Groot, E, Empana, J P, Etgen, T, Franco, O H, Iglseder, B, Johnsen, S H, Kavousi, M, Lind, L, Liu, J, Mathiesen, E B, Norata, G D, Olsen, M H, Papagianni, A, Poppert, H, Price, J F, Sacco, R L, Yanez, D N, Zhao, D, Schminke, U, Bülbül, A, Polak, J F, Sitzer, M, Hofman, A, Grigore, L, Dörr, M, Su, T C, Ducimetière, P, Xie, W, Ronkainen, K, Kiechl, S, Rundek, T, Robertson, C, Fagerberg, B, Bokemark, L, Steinmetz, H, Ikram, M A, Völzke, H, Lin, H J, Plichart, M, Tuomainen, T P, Desvarieux, M, McLachlan, S, Schmidt, C, Kauhanen, J, Willeit, J, Lorenz, M W, and Sander, D

Published
2014

Catalog

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