378 results on '"V Bittner"'
Search Results
2. Motivational effects and age differences of gamification in product advertising
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Jenny V. Bittner and Jeffrey Schipper
- Published
- 2014
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3. Educational self-regulation competence: toward a lifespan-based concept and assessment strategy
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Jenny V. Bittner, Ursula M. Staudinger, and Christian Stamov Roßnagel
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musculoskeletal diseases ,Epistemic beliefs ,Workplace learning ,Career management ,Visual Arts and Performing Arts ,Metacomprehension ,Psychological intervention ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Psychology ,Competence (human resources) ,Education ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Self-regulation is crucial for learning and achievement in educational and occupational contexts. Educational self-regulation has been conceptualized as a domain-specific, context-bound competence that is open to interventions. Beyond students’ educational self-regulation (ESR), few studies have examined ESR across the lifespan as a basis of competence assessments. We contribute to adult ESR by discussing whether ESR competence applies to intermediate and higher self-regulation levels, as represented by workplace learning and career management. Furthermore, we discuss the interplay of epistemic beliefs and metacomprehension as core processes of ESR. Finally, we outline cornerstones of an assessment strategy for adult ESR.
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- 2021
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4. User Experience and Hedonic Quality of Assistive Technology.
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Jenny V. Bittner, Helena Jourdan, Ina Obermayer, and Anna Seefried
- Published
- 2016
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5. Conclusion Rebirth
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Abstract
After restating the central arguments, the conclusion takes the story of Russian and Soviet winemaking into the post-Soviet years. It describes the near destruction of the former Soviet wine industry amid the economic chaos of the 1990s and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Amid this destruction, Western wines reappeared in the post-Soviet marketplace after a seventy-year hiatus. Moreover, Western wine connoisseurs discovered Georgian wines and traditional Georgian production methods. The book ends with Vladimir Putin’s 2006 ban on the import of wines from Georgia and Moldova, and the emergence of a genuine culture of connoisseurship among young, educated, and worldly Russians and Ukrainians, who were far more prone to choose a high-quality imported wine from Australia or Europe than a more potent bottle of bormotukha.
- Published
- 2021
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6. Authenticity
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Wine ,Aesthetics ,Modernity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art ,Ambivalence ,media_common - Abstract
The modern science of oenology emerged at the end of the nineteenth century, as vintners learned to remediate flawed grape must with sugar and a preservative to produce better wine. The advent of oenology was at the heart of an acrimonious dispute that pitted against each other two of Russia’s most prominent and influential vintners: Prince Lev Golitsyn, whose estate vineyard on the southern shore of Crimea produced some of the best wines in the world around the turn of the century, and Vasilii Tairov, the editor of the journal Winemaking Bulletin. At issue were the characteristics that made fine wine authentically European: was it appropriate to take oenological shortcuts, or was the production of fine wine a form of artisanship, done by methods passed down over many generations?
- Published
- 2021
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7. Hospitality
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Stephen V. Bittner
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Hospitality ,business.industry ,Political science ,Economic history ,Gift economy ,business - Abstract
During the late 1940s, several prominent vintners at Massandra—the former crown estate outside of Yalta—were imprisoned on trumped up charges. Unusual their fate was not—thousands of Soviet citizens met similar demises in the post-war years—but the reasons why they came to the attention of the procuracy and the police in the first place. Vintners were participants in a ‘gift economy’, in which they used the wine they produced to celebrate old alliances and create new ones. Their behaviour had roots in the war years, when the formal ways of getting things done fractured in the face of evacuation and retreat. As Moscow tried to rein in the centrifugal forces unleashed by war, vintners at Massandra discovered that the wine was never theirs to give.
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- 2021
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8. Terroir
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Geography ,Agroforestry ,Terroir ,Winemaking - Abstract
Chapter 1 follows the life and career of Mikhail Ballas, a Bessarabian nobleman and late-tsarist Russia’s most influential wine writer. In the early 1900s, Ballas received the prestigious Emperor Alexander IIII Prize in Viniculture for authoring a six-volume set, Winemaking in Russia, which laid out in exacting detail the history of winemaking in the tsarist empire, the present state of the industry, and the quality of wine it produced. Long before the idea of terroir emerged as the essential characteristic of fine wine, Ballas described something that resembled modern notions of terroir: the geographical and climatic diversity of empire, the vinicultural possibilities inherent in that diversity, and most important, the ways that human ingenuity and ecology intersected in unexpected ways in vineyards to produce fine wine.
- Published
- 2021
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9. Commerce
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Wine ,Commerce ,Business - Abstract
Russia’s ‘passage through Armageddon’—seven years of war, revolution, and civil war—destroyed almost entirely the empire’s vinicultural economy. Wartime prohibition, territorial losses, vineyard neglect, and the priorities of the new Bolshevik government harkened a crisis worse than phylloxera. Yet many prominent persons in the wine industry, who cut their professional teeth during the tsarist years, and who were often so-called ‘former people’, aristocrats or members of the bourgeoisie, found common cause with the new Soviet government during the 1920s. Because they thought the wine industry was too important to be ignored, these persons welcomed the regulatory gaze of newly activist Soviet state, even as that state sought the destruction of so many of them.
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- 2021
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10. Science
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Stephen V. Bittner
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Wine ,History ,Blight ,Ancient history - Abstract
Chapter 2 traces Russia’s response in the 1880s and 1890s to the ‘great wine blight’, the phylloxera epidemic that nearly destroyed European viniculture entirely. Long after a French botanist, Jules-Émile Planchon, devised a sure-fire solution—grafting the scions of endangered European vines onto the rootstock of immune American vines—Russian scientists persisted with the use of an ineffective pesticide. The reasons why they persisted had a lot to do with the unusual views of Aleksandr Kovalevskii, a pioneering natural scientist and chairman of the Bessarabian Phylloxera Commission. Kovalevksii argued that the ‘struggle for existence’ envisioned by Darwin’s theory of speciation was occurring on the inter- rather than the intra-specific level, between different species of grapevines. Planchon’s grafting, in Kovalevskii’s view, thus constituted choosing sides in the existential struggle between American and European vines.
- Published
- 2021
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11. Whites and Reds
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Abstract
Whites and Reds: A History of Wine in the Lands of Tsar and Commissar tells the story of Russia’s encounter with viniculture and winemaking. Rooted in the early-seventeenth century, embraced by Peter the Great, and then magnified many times over by the annexation of the indigenous wine economies and cultures of Georgia, Crimea, and Moldova in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries, viniculture and winemaking became an important indicator of Russia’s place at the European table. While the Russian Revolution in 1917 left many of the empire’s vineyards and wineries in ruins, it did not alter the political and cultural meanings attached to wine. Stalin himself embraced champagne as part of the good life of socialism, and the Soviet Union became a winemaking superpower in its own right, trailing only Spain, Italy, and France in the volume of its production. Whites and Reds illuminates the ideas, controversies, political alliances, technologies, business practices, international networks, and, of course, the growers, vintners, connoisseurs, and consumers who shaped the history of wine in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union over more than two centuries. Because wine was domesticated by virtue of imperialism, its history reveals many of the instabilities and peculiarities of the Russian and Soviet empires. Over two centuries, the production and consumption patterns of peripheral territories near the Black Sea and in the Caucasus became a hallmark of Russian and Soviet civilizational identity and cultural refinement. Wine in Russia was always more than something to drink.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. Introduction Identity
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Abstract
After laying out the principal arguments, the introduction surveys the history of wine consumption from Kievan Rus in the tenth century to the Soviet embrace of Georgian foodways and wine toasting in the twentieth. It highlights the role of Peter the Great, who encountered fine European wine during travel abroad, and who forced the Russian aristocracy to adopt European modes of consumption. By the early nineteenth century, European wines were common fixtures on elite Russian tables, and domestic wines from the Don region, Crimea, and the Caucasus began to appear as well. Wine thus spoke to instabilities in Russia that vodka could not, particularly the tension between a narrow elite that had been acculturated to European modes of consumption, and broad masses that remained oblivious to them.
- Published
- 2021
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13. Quality
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Wine ,Economic growth ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Economics ,Socialist mode of production ,Quality (business) ,media_common - Abstract
The final chapter traces the emergence of a Soviet culture of connoisseurship in the 1970s and 1980s. It highlights efforts by Soviet vintners to improve the quality of their wines and to ween consumers from so-called bormotukha, low-quality wines sweetened with beet sugar and strengthened with grain alcohol that comprised the vast majority of Soviet production. Vintners were motivated by concerns that alcoholism was becoming a principal threat to public health, and that bormotukha, which often had an alcohol content as high as 19%, was contributing to the epidemic. The solution, in their view, was to encourage Soviet consumers to purchase conventional dry wine, which they presented in the press as a more cultured and refined drink than vodka and bormotukha.
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- 2021
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14. Verbal Episodic Memory and Endogenous Estradiol: An Association in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
- Author
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D. M. Bittner, V. Bittner, and M. W. Riepe
- Subjects
Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
In the continuum of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal controls, a possible association of verbal memory and endogenous estradiol (E2) levels was investigated. Verbal episodic memory was measured with a german version of the California verbal memory test (CVLT). Results were controlled for apolipoprotein E (ApoE) phenotype. We studied 37 controls, 32 MCIs and 117 ADs. Groups differed in all trials of the CVLT (𝑃
- Published
- 2011
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15. Goal interruptions and task performance: The additional influence of goal orientations
- Author
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Jenny V. Bittner
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Aggression ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Sample (statistics) ,Goal pursuit ,Education ,Task (project management) ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Orientation (mental) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Perceived control ,Situational ethics ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Goals influence performance and people need to cope with frustrations that result from interruptions of goal pursuit. Being interrupted before completing a performance task may have negative consequences for emotions and thus subsequently lead to substitution behaviours in order to restore goal completion. Three experiments examined the conditions under which an interruption of goal pursuit influences emotions and subsequent performance. Furthermore, we expected that substitution behaviours may differ depending on whether people are in a performance- or learning-goal orientation. Results of Study 1 showed that the interruption of a first task reduced positive affect for participants with a performance-goal orientation and led them to increase their performance on the next task. As expected, substitution behaviour was not found with a learning-goal orientation. Study 2 replicated this finding on a business website with a different sample and performance task. Study 3 demonstrated that participants with a performance-goal orientation reported higher intentions for reactive aggression and perceived control if they could not continue with the same performance task after the interruption. These findings point out the consequences for emotions and coping strategies of people with performance-goal orientations and emphasize the importance of situational influences in educational and occupational settings.
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- 2021
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16. Whites and Reds : A History of Wine in the Lands of Tsar and Commissar
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner and Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
- History, Wine and wine making--History.--Russia, Wine and wine making
- Abstract
Whites and Reds: A History of Wine in the Lands of Tsar and Commissar tells the story of Russia's encounter with viniculture and winemaking. Rooted in the early-seventeenth century, embraced by Peter the Great, and then magnified many times over by the annexation of the indigenous wine economies and cultures of Georgia, Crimea, and Moldova in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries, viniculture and winemaking became an important indicator of Russia's place at the European table. While the Russian Revolution in 1917 left many of the empire's vineyards and wineries in ruins, it did not alter the political and cultural meanings attached to wine. Stalin himself embraced champagne as part of the good life of socialism, and the Soviet Union became a winemaking superpower in its own right, trailing only Spain, Italy, and France in the volume of its production. Whites and Reds illuminates the ideas, controversies, political alliances, technologies, business practices, international networks, and, of course, the growers, vintners, connoisseurs, and consumers who shaped the history of wine in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union over more than two centuries. Because wine was domesticated by virtue of imperialism, its history reveals many of the instabilities and peculiarities of the Russian and Soviet empires. Over two centuries, the production and consumption patterns of peripheral territories near the Black Sea and in the Caucasus became a hallmark of Russian and Soviet civilizational identity and cultural refinement. Wine in Russia was always more than something to drink.
- Published
- 2021
17. A Problem of Taste: An American Connoisseur’s Travels through the Soviet Union’s Black Sea Vineyards and Wineries
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cultural Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,History ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Taste (sociology) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Black sea ,Ancient history ,Soviet union ,media_common - Published
- 2018
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18. Reconsidering Stagnation in the Brezhnev Era: Ideology and Exchange
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
060104 history ,History ,Political science ,Political economy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political Science and International Relations ,0601 history and archaeology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Ideology ,media_common - Published
- 2017
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19. American Roots, French Varietals, Russian Science: A Transnational History of the Great Wine Blight in Late-Tsarist Bessarabia
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Wine ,History ,Blight ,World history ,Ancient history ,Archaeology - Published
- 2015
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20. The Aging Pioneer: Late Soviet Socialist Society, Its Challenges and Challengers
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Juliane Fürst and Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Political science ,Economic history - Published
- 2017
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21. Swans of the Kremlin: Ballet and Power in Soviet Russia, by Christina Ezrahi
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Power (social and political) ,History ,Ballet ,Political science ,Economic history - Published
- 2018
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22. The Readers of Novyi Mir: Coming to Terms with the Stalinist Past. By Denis Kozlov.Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013. Pp. 431. $55.00 (cloth); $55.00 (e-book)
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
History ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art history ,Art ,Theology ,media_common - Published
- 2015
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23. A Negentropic Society?: Wartime and Postwar Soviet History
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Politics ,Teleology ,World War II ,Authoritarianism ,Gulag ,Economic history ,Demise ,Religious studies ,Spiritual crisis ,Communism - Abstract
Steven A. Barnes, Death and Redemption: The Gulag and the Shaping of Soviet Society. xii + 352 pp., illus. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011. ISBN-13 978-0691151120. $35.00. Mark Edele, Soviet Veterans of the Second World War: A Popular Movement in an Authoritarian Society, 1941-1991. xii + 334 pp. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. ISBN-13 978-0199237562. $125.00. Donald Filmer, The Hazards of Urban Life in Late Stalinist Russia: Health, Hygiene, and Living Standards, 1943-1953. xxx + 379 pp., illus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. ISBN-13 978-0521113731. $116.00. Jeffrey W. Jones, Everyday Life and the "Reconstruction" of Soviet Russia during and aider the Great Patriotic War, 1943-1948. xiv + 309 pp., illus. Bloomington, IN: Slavica Publishers, 2008. ISBN-13 978-0893573485. $29.95. Anna Krylova, Soviet Women in Combat: A History of Violence on the Eastern Front. xvi + 320 pp., illus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. ISBN-13 978-0521197342. $89.00. Stephen Lovell, The Shadow of War: Russia and the USSR, 1941 to the Present. xviii + 370 pp., illus. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. ISBN-13 978-1405169585. $39.95. Rebecca Manley, To the Tashkent Station: Evacuation and Survival in the Soviet Union at War. xvi + 282 pp., illus. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2009. ISBN-13 978-0801447396. $45.00. In April 1975, in one of his first public statements after being blacklisted in the aftermath of the Soviet-led invasion, Vaclav Havel wrote a lengthy open letter to Gustav Husak, the general secretary of the Czechoslovakian Communist Party. In "Dear Dr. Husak," as the letter became known, Havel broached several themes that would characterize his later writings: the alleged moral and spiritual crisis that beset Czechoslovakia after 1968; the role of culture as a means of individual and societal self-awareness; the dangers of "consumer bliss"; and the question, why so many Czechoslovakians acquiesced to the formation of an "impressive image of a totally united society." Yet "Dear Dr. Husak" is atypical among Havel's early writings for its premonitory character or, depending on one's vantage point, its wishful thinking. Whereas Havel famously prescribed in "The Power of the Powerless" (1978) how Czechoslovakians might act to end communist rule by "living in truth," he argued in "Dear Dr. Husak" that the system was doomed by its internal logic. "The entire political practice of the present regime," Havel wrote, "... confirms that those concepts which were always crucial for its program--order, calm, consolidation, 'guiding the nation out of its crisis,' 'halting disruption,' 'assuaging hot tempers' and so on--have finally acquired the same lethal meaning that they have for every regime committed to entropy.... True enough, the country is calm. Calm as a morgue or a grave, would you not say?" (1) In Havel's view, the rhetorical power of a "regime committed to entropy" lay in an implied teleology that gave critics of Czechoslovakian socialism cause for hope. (2) A function of the second law of thermodynamics, entropy describes the universal propensity of matter to decay. It presupposes movement from a higher to a lower order or from differentiation to randomness. Although Havel did not elaborate on the other entropic regimes whose demise he invoked as a warning for Husak, his belief in the latent, inexorable decay of Czechoslovakian socialism anticipated a common mode of thinking about Soviet history in its final, postwar decades. This mode of thinking is characterized by the assumption that behind its seemingly immutable facade, Soviet rule was mortally compromised by flaws inherent to it. Martin Malia was a case in point when he asserted that the causes of the Soviet collapse stretched back to the moment Stalin's heirs naively undertook the impossible task of fissioning Soviet socialism from Stalinism. In Malia's formulation, the latter was the "peak towards which Soviet history had been building since October"; everything that followed was on the downward slope. …
- Published
- 2013
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24. FV 12 Longitudinal study on hippocampal volume and neuropsychological outcome in IgM-NMDAR-antibody-associated encephalopathy
- Author
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Jörn Kaufmann, Christian M. Stoppel, D. Bittner, H. J. Heinze, D. Reinhold, V. Bittner, I. Schulze, Peter Körtvelyessy, and G. von Hartrott
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Trail Making Test ,Encephalopathy ,Population ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Memory span ,Dementia ,Neuropsychological assessment ,education ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Neuropsychology ,medicine.disease ,Sensory Systems ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Executive dysfunction - Abstract
Introduction Anti-NMDAR-IgM-autoantibodies (IgM-NMDAR-aab) are occurring in approximately 4–5% of the general population ( Dahm et al., 2014 ). IgM-NMDAR-aab are also associated to a rare encephalopathy presenting with symptoms resembling fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) but with much faster progression as a neurodegenerative disease ( Doss et al., 2014 ). Treatment with an immunosuppressive therapy is recommend but has not been evaluated with neuroimaging and neuropsychology. Here, we present longitudinal data on two cases. Methods We identified two patients referred to us presenting memory disturbances and memory loss together with a severe executive dysfunction and alteration in behavior developing within 3–5 months. CSF did not reveal an Alzheimer’s-disease like constellation. Routine MRI scans were considered normal. Neuropsychological testing showed severe deficits in fronto-temporal functioning. Antibody screening via indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT) involved IgM-, IgA- and IgG-NMDAR-ab, Lgi-1-, CASPR2-, DPPX- and AMPA-IgG-ab and also onconeuronal ab via an immunoblot analysis (anti-Hu, -Yo, -Ri, -CV2, -Ma2, -Amphiphysin, -GAD65, -Tr(DNER), -Sox1, -Titin and -Recoverin-ab; all tests were performed by Euroimmun, Lubeck, Germany). Both patients received multiple methylprednisolone (MP) i.v. therapies (each cycle with 1 g i.v. per day for 3 days for a total of 9 g MP(Pat1) or 15 g MP(Pat2)). MRI scans were conducted during therapy and after therapy. Data were acquired on a 3-Tesla MR scanner (Siemens MAGNETOM Prisma, Erlangen, Germany) equipped with a 20-channel head coil. T1-weighted, high-resolution structural MR-images were obtained using a three dimensional MPRAGE sequence yielding an isotropic resolution of 1 mm 3 . Hippocampal volume was manually assessed via Multitracer software (free software, UCLA, USA) and double-checked. Neuropsychological assessment was identically performed for each patient during each assessment time point (Rey-Figure, Trail making test A/B, executive and memory test, digit and word-span). Results Serum titers were highly pathological for path patients, with Pat1 having an IgM-NMDAR-aab titer of 1:160 and Pat2 of 1:320. No other abs were detected via immunoblot or IFT. In addition, results of manual assessment revealed that hippocampal (HC) volume increased bilaterally in Pat1 due to MP-treatment. Accordingly, neuropsychological measures of memory function (digit span, Rey-figure) improved slightly in Pat1. In Pat2, in contrast, only the right HC had a slight volume increase, while the left HC volume showed a slight decrease. Nevertheless, initial memory dysfunctions observed in Pat2 declined remarkably in the course of our treatment. Beyond that, clinical assessment showed an overall improvement in Pat1 and in Pat2 a complete recovery after intravenous MP-treatment. Discussion Here, we show the first longitudinal follow-up of NMDA-aab associated encephalopathy. Treatment with MP resulted in a good to excellent improvement of clinical as well as neuropsychological assessment. These functional measures, however, were only partially mirrored by HC volume alterations during the course of the treatment. In cases of unclear dementia-like symptoms NMDAR-aab associated encephalopathy should be taken into account and treated with immunosuppressives.
- Published
- 2017
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25. Making the Soviet Intelligentsia: universities and intellectual life under Stalin and Khrushchev
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
History ,Intelligentsia ,Scholarship ,Principal (commercial law) ,State (polity) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Economic history ,Intellectual life ,Social science ,Soviet union ,media_common - Abstract
The Soviet Union may have been the world’s first workers’ state, but it has inspired an inordinate amount of scholarship on its intelligentsia, who were both the principal architects and frequent b...
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- 2017
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26. Book Reviews
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Megan Swift, J.-Guy Lalande, Theodore R. Weeks, Irina V. Kuptsova, Nancy Sinkoff, Kevin Murphy, Nicholas Tyrras, Mark McCarthy, Elizabeth A. Wood, Taras Kuzio, Paul Josephson, Erich Lippman, Robert Blobaum, J. Douglas Clayton, Jeff Love, Priscilla Hunt, Myroslav Shkandrij, Evgeny Dobrenko, Peter Kenez, Liliya Valihun, Eduard Baidaus, Melissa Bokovoy, Bohdan Klid, David MacDonald, Blair A. Ruble, Anna Fournier, Max Bergholz, Mykola Riabchuk, Sally West, Margaret Paxson, Lee A. Farrow, Christine Varga-Harris, Olga S. Partan, Roger Comtet, Janet Martin, Stephen V. Bittner, Laurence Senelick, Adrian Wanner, Sarah Clovis Bishop, Colum Leckey, Stephen Lovell, Joe Andrew, and Lidia Jurek
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2009
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27. All This Is Your World: Soviet Tourism at Home and Abroad after Stalin, by Anne E. Gorsuch
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
History ,Economy ,Political science ,Tourism - Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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28. Local Soviets, Public Order, and Welfare After Stalin: Appeals from Moscow's Kiev Raion
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,Pension ,Literature and Literary Theory ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social Welfare ,Economic Justice ,Language and Linguistics ,Principal (commercial law) ,Political science ,Capital (economics) ,Law ,Criticism ,Salary ,Welfare ,media_common - Abstract
After Anastasia Dmitrievna Poliakova's husband disappeared at sea in 1962, she turned to the social welfare department in the far-eastern city of Ussuriisk (formerly Voroshilov) for assistance. Her husband had been the sole breadwinner in the family, so Poliakova requested a dependent-survivor pension to compensate for her lost income. But the social welfare department rejected her application on a technicality: because her husband had lost his labor book, Poliakova could not provide proof of employment and salary history. Like tens of thousands of her contemporaries, however, Poliakova did not accept the decision idly. She appealed first to the soviet of the Primor'e krai, and when that failed, to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet in Moscow. When the chairman of the Supreme Soviet, Leonid Brezhnev, rebuked his subordinates in the far east over the telephone, they quickly overturned the decision, but not before weathering criticism in the press. "Why did Anastasia Dmitrievna have to turn to Moscow for help?" a journalist asked. "Surely her concerns could have been more quickly resolved at the local level."' Poliakova's story is archetypical of one of the principal categories of public letterwriting in the Soviet Union: a disgruntled person writes to the capital hoping to rectify a seemingly unjust predicament, frequently the decision of a callous or incompetent local official.2 This practice of turning to authorities at the highest level with personal grievances-particularly issues of justice and charity-has deep roots in Russian history. In
- Published
- 2003
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29. Book Reviews
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David Pollard, Anatoli Rapoport, Gunter Schaarschmidt, Johanna Granville, Luc Beaudoin, Bohdan Harasymiw, Victor O. Buyniak, C.J.G. Turner, Janet Keeping, John Randolph, Walter Moss, Jonathan Huener, Nicole L. Young, Stephen V. Bittner, Keith Hitchins, Paul du Quenoy, T. Yedlin, Walter M. Pintner, Heather DeHaan, Kees Boterbloem, Paul W. Knoll, and Andrei Kuznetsov
- Subjects
Philosophy ,General Medicine - Published
- 2002
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30. Ideologicheskie komissii TsK KPSS, 1958-1964: Dokumenty (review)
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Econometrics - Published
- 2002
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31. Remembering the Avant-Garde: Moscow Architects and the 'Rehabilitation' of Constructivism, 1961–64
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Aesthetics ,Avant garde ,Constructivism (art) - Published
- 2001
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32. Green Cities and Orderly Streets
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Urban Studies ,History ,Geography ,Sociology and Political Science ,Economic geography ,Space (commercial competition) - Published
- 1998
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33. Verbal Episodic Memory and Endogenous Estradiol: An Association in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
- Author
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M. W. Riepe, V. Bittner, and D. M. Bittner
- Subjects
Apolipoprotein E ,medicine.medical_specialty ,California Verbal Learning Test ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Stepwise regression ,lcsh:Geriatrics ,Correlation ,lcsh:RC952-954.6 ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Clinical Study ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Risk factor ,Verbal memory ,business ,Association (psychology) ,Psychiatry ,Episodic memory - Abstract
In the continuum of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal controls, a possible association of verbal memory and endogenous estradiol (E2) levels was investigated. Verbal episodic memory was measured with a german version of the California verbal memory test (CVLT). Results were controlled for apolipoprotein E (ApoE) phenotype. We studied 37 controls, 32 MCIs and 117 ADs. Groups differed in all trials of the CVLT and in E2levels . E2 levels differed significantly between groups only among females . In females correcting for age and ApoE, there was an overall correlation between CVLT delayed recall and level of E2 . Stepwise regression analyses found E2level to be a significant predictor for CVLT delayed recall . It may be concluded that lower E2levels occur more in the course of the disease than may be considered as a risk factor per se.
- Published
- 2011
34. Prediction of mortality and morbidity with a 6-minute walk test in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. SOLVD Investigators
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V. Bittner
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Nutzen des DatScan bei möglicher Lewy-Body-Demenz
- Author
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V. Bittner, Notger G. Müller, and D. M. Bittner
- Subjects
Physiology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,ddc:610 - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Sicherheit des Ausdauertrainings bei Patienten mit diabetischer Neuropathie
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P M Kluding, W L Haskell, Wilhelm Bloch, S A Billinger, B A Franklin, J W LeMaster, H Alexanderson, Z. de Jong, P A Ades, S A Slørdahl, Tpv Vlieland, L E Slotnick, Philipp Zimmer, M A Devine, V Bittner, L. Herbelin, L J D‘Silva, K May, K Ammer, J Rizza, Eva M. Zopf, H. C. Lehmann, M Yoo, C. Präcklein, E Hetland, Ø Rognmo, E A Amsterdam, F Streckmann, I E Lundberg, B F Olkowski, H. Raspe, M Gulanick, O. Mittag, J. Höder, J Hoff, R Singh, D E Wright, Freerk T. Baumann, Mazen M. Dimachkie, A C Arlt, M.K. Pasnoor, A Gollhofer, M A Williams, and J Helgerud
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,medicine ,Physical activity ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,business - Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Robert Hornsby. Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Archeology ,History ,Political science ,Museology ,Economic history ,Public administration ,Soviet union ,Psychological repression - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Prevalence of clinical and isolated subclinical cardiovascular disease in older adults with glucose disorders: the Cardiovascular Health Study
- Author
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J I, Barzilay, C F, Spiekerman, L H, Kuller, G L, Burke, V, Bittner, J S, Gottdiener, F L, Brancati, T J, Orchard, D H, O'Leary, and P J, Savage
- Subjects
Male ,Peripheral Vascular Diseases ,Heart Diseases ,United States ,Angina Pectoris ,Cohort Studies ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Electrocardiography ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Glucose Intolerance ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Aged - Abstract
Clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent among people with diabetes. However, there is little information regarding the prevalence of subclinical CVD and its relation to clinical CVD in diabetes and in the glucose disorders that precede diabetes.Participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study, agedor = 65 years (n = 5,888), underwent vascular and metabolic testing. Individuals with known disease in the coronary, cerebral, or peripheral circulations were considered to have clinical disease. Those without any clinical disease in whom CVD was detected by ultrasonography, electrocardiography, or ankle arm index in any of the three vascular beds were considered to have isolated subclinical disease.Approximately 30% of the cohort had clinical disease, and approximately 60% of the remainder had isolated subclinical disease. In those with normal glucose status, isolated subclinical disease made up most of the total CVD. With increasing glucose severity, the proportion of total CVD that was clinical disease increased; 75% of men and 66% of women with normal fasting glucose status had either clinical or subclinical CVD. Among those with known diabetes, the prevalence was approximately 88% (odds ratio [OR] 2.46 for men and 4.22 for women, P0.0001). There were intermediate prevalences and ORs for those with impaired fasting glucose status and newly diagnosed diabetes.Isolated subclinical CVD is common among older adults. Glucose disorders are associated with an increased prevalence of total CVD and an increased proportion of clinical disease relative to subclinical disease.
- Published
- 2001
39. Russia's Sputnik Generation: Soviet Baby Boomers Talk about Their Lives
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Baby boomers ,Political science ,Gender studies - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Khrushchev's Cold Summer: Gulag Returnees, Crime, and the Fate of Reform after Stalin. By Miriam Dobson. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009. viii, 264 pp. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $45.00, hard bound
- Author
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Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Index (economics) ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Gulag ,Economic history ,Bibliography ,Media studies - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Weight cycling and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in women: evidence of an adverse effect: a report from the NHLBI-sponsored WISE study. Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation Study Group
- Author
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M B, Olson, S F, Kelsey, V, Bittner, S E, Reis, N, Reichek, E M, Handberg, and C N, Merz
- Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies ,Diet, Reducing ,Risk Factors ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Weight Loss ,Humans ,Coronary Disease ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Weight Gain ,Body Mass Index - Abstract
We undertook an analysis of weight cycling, coronary risk factors and angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) in women.The effect of weight cycling on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity is controversial, and the impact of weight cycling on cardiovascular risk factors is unclear.This is a cross-sectional population study of 485 women with coronary risk factors undergoing coronary angiography for evaluation of suspected myocardial ischemia enrolled in the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE). Reported lifetime weight cycling-defined as voluntary weight loss of at least 10 lbs at least 3 times--coronary risk factors including core laboratory determined blood lipoproteins and CAD, as determined by a core angiographic laboratory, are the main outcome measures.Overall, 27% of women reported weight cycling--19% cycled 10 to 19 lbs, 6% cycled 20 to 49 lbs, and 2% cycled 50+ lbs. Reported weight cycling was associated with 7% lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in women (p = 0.01). The HDL-C effect was directly related to the amount of weight cycled with women who lostor = 50 lbs/cycle having HDL-C levels 27% lower than noncyclers (p = 0.0025). This finding was independent of other HDL-C modulators, including estrogen status, physical activity level, alcohol intake, body mass index, diabetes, beta-blocker use, cigarette smoking and race. Weight cycling was not associated with an increased prevalence of CAD in this population.Weight cycling is associated with lower HDL-C in women of a magnitude that is known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiac events as demonstrated in prior clinical trials.
- Published
- 2000
42. Age and sex differences in presentation of symptoms among patients with acute coronary disease: the REACT Trial. Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment
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R, Goldberg, D, Goff, L, Cooper, R, Luepker, J, Zapka, V, Bittner, S, Osganian, D, Lessard, C, Cornell, A, Meshack, C, Mann, J, Gilliland, and H, Feldman
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Sex Characteristics ,Coronary Care Units ,Myocardial Infarction ,Middle Aged ,Patient Discharge ,United States ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Age Distribution ,Humans ,Female ,Angina, Unstable ,Aged - Abstract
There are few data on possible age and sex differences in presentation of symptoms for patients with acute coronary disease.To investigate demographic differences in presentation of symptoms at the time of hospital presentation for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina.The medical records of patients who presented with chest pain and who also had diagnoses of AMI (n = 889) or unstable angina (n = 893) on discharge from 43 hospitals were reviewed as part of data collection activities of the Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment trial based in 10 pair-matched communities throughout the USA.Dyspnea (49%), arm pain (46%), sweating (35%), and nausea (33%) were commonly reported by men and women of all ages in addition to the presenting complaint of chest pain. After we had controlled for various characteristics through regression modeling, older persons with AMI were significantly less likely than were younger persons to complain of arm pain and sweating, and men were significantly less likely to report vomiting than were women. Among persons with unstable angina, arm pain and sweating were reported significantly less often by elderly patients. Nausea and back, neck, and jaw pain were more common complaints of women.Results of this study suggest that there are differences between symptoms at presentation of men and women, and those in various age groups, hospitalized with acute coronary disease. Clinicians should be aware of these differences when diagnosing and managing patients suspected to have coronary heart disease.
- Published
- 2000
43. Effect of coronary angiography on use of lipid-lowering agents in women: a report from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. For the WISE Investigators
- Author
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V, Bittner, M, Olson, S F, Kelsey, W J, Rogers, C N, Bairey Merz, K, Armstrong, S E, Reis, A, Boyette, and G, Sopko
- Subjects
Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Coronary Disease ,Female ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Middle Aged ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Coronary Angiography ,Risk Assessment ,Aged ,Hypolipidemic Agents - Abstract
We sought to assess the impact of coronary angiography results on use of lipid-lowering agents among women enrolled in the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation [WISE] study. WISE is a multicenter study designed to evaluate new diagnostic modalities among women undergoing angiography for suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). History of atherosclerosis, risk factors for CAD, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are determined at baseline. The percentage of women at LDL cholesterol goal, use of lipid-lowering agents, and eligibility for lipid-lowering therapy were determined based on National Cholesterol Education Program II guidelines at baseline and 6-week follow-up. Among the 212 women for whom angiographic data were available, 84 had known atherosclerosis, 80 had no history of atherosclerosis butor =2 risk factors (high risk), and 48 had no history of atherosclerosis and2 risk factors (low risk). At baseline, LDL cholesterol goals were met in 24% women with atherosclerosis, in 56% high-risk women, and in 88% low-risk women. Angiography revealed previously undiagnosed CAD in 70% of the high-risk and in 42% of the low-risk women. After angiography results were available, 6 women started lipid-lowering therapy and 2 stopped. Based on National Cholesterol Education Program II guidelines, 63 additional women would have been eligible for pharmacologic lipid-lowering therapy. Intensification of lipid-lowering therapy was not apparent 6 weeks after coronary angiography in women with newly diagnosed CAD or among women whose diagnosis was confirmed.
- Published
- 2000
44. [Predictors of readmission in patients with congestive heart failure]
- Author
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P, Castro, V, Bittner, and L, Villarroel
- Subjects
Heart Failure ,Male ,Recurrence ,Risk Factors ,Incidence ,Multivariate Analysis ,Humans ,Female ,Patient Readmission ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Repeated hospitalizations among patients (pts) with congestive heart failure (CHF) are common.This retrospective study was designed to determine predictors of readmission.admitted to University Hospital with a primary diagnosis of CHF between 10/1/94-9/30/95: lived in Jefferson county.cardiac transplant during study period; major comorbidity (e.g. malignancy, advanced renal failure). Predictors of readmission were determined by stepwise logistic regression analysis and predictor of time to readmission with Cox Proportionate Hazards modeling p0.05 was considered statistically significant.Mean age of the 237 pts was 66.5 yrs; 56% women. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 29%; 96% were in NYHA class III/IV. Mean length of stay was 5 days; 52 pts (22%) had1 admission. CHF etiologies: Ischemic (42%), hypertensive (37%), idiopathic (12%). Demographic characteristics and insurance status did not predict readmission risk. Predictors of readmission in the logistic and Cox models were similar. Increased risk of readmission was associated with myocardial ischemia (logistic OR 42.7), past NYHA Class III and IV (OR 32.8), plasmatic creatinine at discharge (OR 1.9) and continued smoking (OR 3.26). History of CABG was associated with a decreased risk of rehospitalization (OR 0.12). Beta-blocker use was associated with decreased risk, but did not achieve statistical significance. ACE-I use (prescribed in 78% of pts), did not contribute to the model. Diabetes Mellitus and a lower LVEF were more frequent in the readmitted group, but they did not predict readmission.CHF pts who have evidence of ischemia, advanced symptoms, renal dysfunction, and who continue to smoke are at increased risk for hospital readmission. Pts with these characteristics should be identified prior to hospital discharge and considered for intensive outpatient intervention.
- Published
- 1999
45. Review: Sergei Khrushchev, ed., Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev: Volume I, Commissar, 1918—1945, George Shriver, trans. Supplemental material translated by Stephen Shenfield. The Thomas J. Watson Jr. Institute of International Studies, Brown University: Providence, RI, and The Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park, PA, 2004; xxxvi + 935 pp., 71 illus.; 0271023325, $55 (hbk)
- Author
-
Stephen V. Bittner
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,State (polity) ,GEORGE (programming language) ,Watson ,International studies ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Memoir ,Media studies ,Art ,Humanities ,media_common - Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Knowledge of heart attack symptoms in a population survey in the United States: The REACT Trial. Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment
- Author
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D C, Goff, D E, Sellers, P G, McGovern, H, Meischke, R J, Goldberg, V, Bittner, J R, Hedges, P S, Allender, and M Z, Nichaman
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Myocardial Infarction ,Pain ,Sweating ,Health Promotion ,White People ,Angina Pectoris ,Hypesthesia ,Ethnicity ,Humans ,Thrombolytic Therapy ,Health Education ,Minority Groups ,Racial Groups ,Middle Aged ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,United States ,Dyspnea ,Social Class ,Multivariate Analysis ,Arm ,Female - Abstract
Greater use of thrombolysis for patients with myocardial infarction has been limited by patient delay in seeking care for heart attack symptoms. Deficiencies in knowledge of symptoms may contribute to delay and could be a target for intervention. We sought to characterize symptom knowledge.Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment is a community trial designed to reduce this delay. At baseline, a random-digit dialed survey was conducted among 1294 adult respondents in the 20 study communities. Two open-ended questions were asked about heart attack symptom knowledge.Chest pain or discomfort was reported as a symptom by 89.7% of respondents and was thought to be the most important symptom by 56.6%. Knowledge of arm pain or numbness (67.3%), shortness of breath (50.8%), sweating (21.3%), and other heart attack symptoms was less common. The median number of correct symptoms reported was 3 (of 11). In a multivariable-adjusted model, significantly higher mean numbers of correct symptoms were reported by non-Hispanic whites than by other racial or ethnic groups, by middle-aged persons than by older and younger persons, by persons with higher socioeconomic status than by those with lower, and by persons with previous experience with heart attack than by those without.Knowledge of chest pain as an important heart attack symptom is high and relatively uniform; however, knowledge of the complex constellation of heart attack symptoms is deficient in the US population, especially in low socioeconomic and racial or ethnic minority groups. Efforts to reduce delay in seeking medical care among persons with heart attack symptoms should address these deficiencies in knowledge.
- Published
- 1998
47. Statistical design of REACT (Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment), a multisite community trial with continual data collection
- Author
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H A, Feldman, M A, Proschan, D M, Murray, D C, Goff, M, Stylianou, E, Dulberg, P G, McGovern, W, Chan, N C, Mann, and V, Bittner
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Statistics as Topic ,Myocardial Infarction ,Humans ,Emergencies ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,United States - Abstract
Unusual problems in statistical design were faced by Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (REACT), a multisite trial testing a community intervention to reduce the delay between onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and patients' arrival at a hospital emergency department. In 20 pair-matched U.S. communities, hospital staff members recorded delay time throughout a 4-month baseline period and the subsequent 18-month intervention period, during which one randomly selected community of each pair received a campaign of public and professional education. To exploit the continual nature of its data-collection protocol, REACT estimated the trend of delay time separately in each community by linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, and history of MI, and compared the ten adjusted slopes from intervention communities with those from control communities by a paired t-test. Power calculations based on the analytical model showed that with K=600-800 cases per community, REACT would have 80% power to demonstrate a differential reduction of 30 min in mean delay time between intervention and control communities, as well as effects on a variety of secondary outcomes. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the number of communities was optimal within constraints of funding and that the detectable effect depended weakly on the effectiveness of matching but strongly on K, helping the investigators set operational priorities. The methodologic strategy developed for REACT should prove useful in the design of similar trials in the future.
- Published
- 1998
48. Improving Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Women
- Author
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M. Cunningham and V. Bittner
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Výkonová indukční stimulace v léčbě algických stavů muskuloskeletálního aparátu – pilotní studie.
- Author
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J., Pětioký, Z., Váňa, D., Šubert, D., Žarković, O., Prouza, and V., Bittner
- Abstract
Copyright of Rehabilitation & Physical Medicine / Rehabilitace a Fyzikální Lékařství is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
50. Six-minute walk test in patients with cardiac dysfunction
- Author
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V, Bittner
- Subjects
Heart Failure ,Male ,Treatment Outcome ,Exercise Test ,Quality of Life ,Humans ,Female ,Walking ,Middle Aged ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,Safety ,Prognosis ,Severity of Illness Index - Published
- 1997
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