Search

Laboratory studies were conducted to standardise optimum dose of gamma irradiation to induce sterility in males of South American tomato moth [Phthorimaea (Tuta) absoluta (Meyrick)], a major pest on tomato. Among the different irradiation doses tested, 150 Gy was found to be effective to induce male sterility in P. absoluta, where sterile males exhibited mating competitiveness, significantly reduced fecundity and hatchability in F1 and F2 generations. Five days old pupae were found ideal for exposing to gamma irradiation to induce male sterility in P. absoluta that could be used for area wide management using SIT.

The effectiveness of mass trapping the moths of Tuta absoluta was evaluated using light traps in tomato polyhouse at ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru during March - June, 2018. Various colours of light sources were evaluated for their efficacy in attracting the moths. Of different coloured light sources evaluated, yellow and white (bluish) were found relatively effective for attraction of the moths. The efficacy of mass trapping was further evaluated and incandescent yellow bulb of 60 W was found most efficient in attracting both sexes of Tuta moths. Thus light traps can be an effective tool for IPM of this pest on tomato, under polyhouse conditions.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop cultivated in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Low productivity in India is due to occurrence of both biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the biotic stresses, tomato leaf curl disease, bacterial wilt, early blight and Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus disease have become serious production constraints causing considerable yield loss in the major tomato growing areas of the country. Adoption of multiple disease resistant varieties or F1 hybrids would be the most appropriate way to address these diseases. At ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru systematic breeding strategies were employed to pyramid genes for resistance to early blight, bacterial wilt and tomato leaf curl diseases and to develop advanced breeding lines& F1 hybrids with triple disease resistance. Stable source of resistance to early blight and bi-partite begomo-virus (Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus) has been identified in Solanum habrochaites LA-1777. Validation with molecular markers linked to tomato leaf curl virus resistance revealed that LA-1777 carryTy2 and other putative resistant genes. Several high yielding dual purpose hybrids were also developed for fresh market and processing with high level of resistance to multiple diseases. Cherry tomato lines have also been bred for high TSS, total carotenoids, total phenols, flavonoids, vitamin C, acidity and lycopene content. IIHR-249-1, IIHR-2101 (Solanum habrochaites LA-1777), IIHR- 2866 and IIHR-2864 recorded high values for quality parameters like total carotenoids, lycopene, vitamin C, total phenols, flavonoids and TSS. Drought tolerant root stock has been developed by an interspecific cross between S. habrochaites LA-1777 and S. lycopersicum (15 SB SB). Resistant sources have also been identified against Tuta absoluta, a serious insect pest reported from major tomato growing areas in the country in recent time. High temperature tolerant breeding lines are in pipe line.

Oriental fruit flies, Bactrocera dorsalis being highly polyphagous, mobile and relatively long lived (~3 months), the efficacy of area-wide management programs is mainly influenced by field fruit fly population levels. A study was conducted to understand the seasonal abundance and host shift pattern of B. dorsalis, a major pest of mango, Mangifera indica L. in relation to climatic factors and host fruit availability as it is known to survive on both wild and cultivated fruits. The fruit fly population attained high levels in the months of March-July due to the availability of main host (mango) as well as supporting host fruits (guava, sapota, rose apple, wild fig, singapore cherry, sour cherry, karonda, star fruit) and the population was less during November- January. Correlation analysis showed that the fruit fly trap catch was significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity (r =-0.87, RH I; r = -0.63, RH II), whereas it was significantly positively correlated with maximum temperature (r = 0.89), host fruit availability (r = 0.89) and fallen fruits (r = 0.80). The statistically significant values (P =0.01, 0.05) revealed that the occurrence of pest incidence is mainly due to its host availability and prevailing climatic factors. Therefore, the management of fruit fly B. dorsalis has to be promoted from the month of February onwards to realize maximum benefit of management strategies.

Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) and related lesions comprise a complex group of mixed odontogenic tumors. Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma (AFD) is a rare tumor and is considered as a histological variant of AF showing inductive changes that lead to the formation of dentin. Although the most common site for this tumor is the posterior mandible, hereby we are reporting a case of AFD in the anterior maxillary region which is a very rare site for this group of tumors. The present case report highlights the clinical, radiological and histological presentation of AFD in order to raise awareness for the earlier diagnosis and precise management of this rare pathological entity.

Heavy population of lantana mealybug, Phenacoccus parvus Morrison, was recorded on China aster, Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees, in pest proportions at Bangalore, South India, both on the collar region and roots. About 25% of the plants were infested by the mealybug. Infested plants showed stunted growth and did not bear flowers seen in healthy plants. Field and mounted characters of P. parvus are presented in the paper