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Introduction. Phenolic compounds that are part of a variety of phytopreparations have an anti-radical and antioxidant effect. Aim. Studying the influence of carbon disulfide intoxication on the rat blood biochemical parameters and the possibility of their correction with natural plant phenolic compounds from viburnum. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on white Wistar male rats. Carbon disulfide intoxication (concentration 2.0 mg/m3) was implemented in a special exposure chamber. The animals were divided into 5 groups: the 1st group was control (intact rats); the 2nd group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks; the 3rd group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by discontinuation for 7 days; the 4th group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by administration of the viburnum extract for 7 days; the 5th group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by silymarin administration for 7 days. The drugs were administered at a dose of 100 mg of total phenols per kilogram of animal weight. Results. Carbon disulfide intoxication was accompanied by the development of intense hypercholesterolemia; an increase in the fraction of low-density lipoproteins with simultaneous decrease in high-density lipoproteins in blood serum. There was an increase in the level of malondialdehyde, decrease in the superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione amount, which indicates the depletion of the body’s antioxidant defense system. During the withdrawal period of carbon disulfide intoxication for 7 days, the blood biochemical parameters did not recover, which indicates the preservation of free-radical processes. The administration of the viburnum extract and the comparison drug, silymarin, was accompanied by a recovery to the control group level of blood biochemical parameters after carbon disulfide intoxication. Conclusion. The toxic effect of carbon disulfide causes a change in the studied blood biochemical parameters. The administration of the viburnum extract and silymarin was accompanied by their restoration to the level of the control group, but a more pronounced effect was observed in the viburnum extract due to the presence of oligomeric forms of polyphenols in its composition.

Qualitative and quantitative composition of the lipid complex and total content of polyphenols were compared in aqueous alcoholic extracts from three species of marine macrophytes collected in Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan. Examined seaweeds belonged to different phyla: green alga Ulva lactuca L. sea lettuce, brown alga Sargassum pallidum (Turner) C. Agardh sargassum pallidum, and red alga Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis (Kanno et Matsubara) Makijenko ahnfeltia tobuchiensis. It was shown that glycolipids (30.3–41.5%) and neutral lipids (34–48.5%) prevailed among total lipids in the extracts from all three algal species; phospholipids accounted for 10–25.7% of total lipids. Among neutral lipids in all the seaweeds, triacylglycerols and free sterols prevailed. The greatest quantity of triacylglycerols was found in A.tobuchiensis and that of free sterols was in S. pallidum. As to the individual fractions of phospholipids, their composition and content considerably differed. In terms of content, predominant phospholipid fractions in the extract from U. lactuca were phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and phosphatidyl inositol, those from S. pallidum were phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl glycerol, and those from A. tobuchiensis were phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl glycerol. As to the percentage of main fatty acids comprising the lipid component of the extracts from the examined algal species, it was found that the extract from brown alga S. pallidum contained the greatest content of PUFA from the family n-6. The extract from green alga U. lactuca contained the greatest content of PUFA from the family n-3. In the extract from red alga A. tobuchiensis, arachidonic (family n-6) and eicosapentaenoic (family n-3) acids prevailed among PUFA. The greatest quantity of polyphenols was detected in the extract from brown alga S. pallidum, which 15–24 times exceeded respective figures in U. lactuca and A. tobuchiensis. Moreover, the extract from S. pallidum showed a much higher level of antiradical activity in respect to ABTS+, which was 5–12.5 times greater than in U. lactuca and A. tobuchiensis, respectively.

This study explores the influence of an extract enriched with polyphenol substances obtained from the brown alga Sargassum pallidum and the effect of the Legalon commercial reference preparation on the biochemical indices of the blood at acute hepatic injury induced in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CTC). Administration of S. pallidum extract exhibited a pronounced antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect revealed in reduction of alanine aminotransferase (AlAT) activity in blood plasm, in normalization of superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione contents, of the level of lipid peroxidation, and the liver antiradical activity. We observed recovery of lipid metabolism and elimination of liver fatty infiltration. The S. pallidum extract was as effective as the reference Legalon hepatoprotector and even surpassed it in its ability to restore the phospholipid metabolism. In our opinion, this hepatoprotective effect of S. pallidum extract is associated with the action of polyphenols contained in brown algae, that is, phlorotannins, which are highly active antioxidants and restore the liver metabolic reactions after toxic hepatic injury with CTC.

to assess prognostic value of clinical and instrumental parameters, results of noninvasive electrophysiological tests and biomarkers as predictors of malignant ventricular arrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) during long-term follow-up as well as during myocardial revascularization surgery and early postoperative period.We prospectively enrolled 97 patients (mean age 61+/-10years) with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease. Most patients (68%) had heart failure NYHA functional class II-III. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 50+/-13%; 20% of patients had LVEF less or equal 35%. Sixty two patients had revascularization procedures during follow-up.We used 24-hour Holter monitoring and signal-averaged electrocardiography to obtain the following parameters: microvolt T-wave alternans, QT-interval duration and dynamics, heart rate turbulence (HRT) and variability. Laboratory tests included serum creatinine and creatinine clearance, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), NT-proBNP, C-reactive protein and troponin T levels.During mean follow-up period of 25+/-11 months life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias were observed in 11 patients (11%). On univariate analysis, history of percutaneous coronary intervention (p0.05), history of malignant arrhythmias or syncope (p0.05), LVEF less or equal 47% (p0.01), left atrium size more or equal 4.7cm (p0.05), left atrium index (p=0.01), filtered QRS duration (p0.05), abnormal heart rate turbulence (HRT) (chi-square test=6.2, p=0.01), abnormal turbulence slope (chi-square test=9.5, p0.01), BNP more or equal 158picogram/ml (p0.01), NT-proBNP more or equal 787 rg/ml (chi-square test=4.4, p0.05) were significantly associated with malignant arrhythmias in long-term follow-up. History of malignant arrhythmias or syncope (OR 11.1, 95% CI 2.8-44.4; p0.01), abnormal HRT (R 13.6, 95% CI 2.8-66.1; p0.01), and plasma BNP more or equal 158 picogram/ml (R 14.3, 95% CI 3.2-65.0; p0.01) were independent predictors of malignant arrhythmias on multivariate Cox regression analysis.History of malignant arrhythmias, pathological HRT and plasma brain natriuretic peptide level more or equal 158 picogram/ml were independent predictors of malignant ventricular arrhythmias during 2 years follow-up of patients with ID.

to assess prognostic value of clinical and instrumental parameters, results of noninvasive electrophysiological tests and biomarkers as predictors of malignant ventricular arrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) during long-term follow-up as well as during myocardial revascularization surgery and early postoperative period.We prospectively enrolled 97 patients (mean age 61 ± 10 years) with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease. Most patients (68%) had heart failure NYHA functional class II-III. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 50 ± 13%; 20% of patients had LVEF ≤ 35%. Sixty two patients had revascularization procedures during follow-up.We used 24-hour Holter monitoring and signal-averaged electrocardiography to obtain the following parameters: microvolt T-wave alternans, QT-interval duration and dynamics, heart rate turbulence (HRT) and variability. Laboratory tests included serum creatinine and creatinine clearance, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), NT-proBNP, C-reactive protein and troponin T levels. RESULTS. During mean follow-up period of 25 ± 11 months life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias were observed in 11 patients (11%). On univariate analysis, history of percutaneous coronary intervention (p0.05), history of malignant arrhythmias or syncope (p0.05), LVEF ≤ 47% (p0.01), left atrium size 24.7 cm (p0.05), left atrium index (p = 0.01), filtered QRS duration (p0.05), abnormal heart rate turbulence (HRT) (chi-square test = 6.2, p = 0.01), abnormal turbulence slope (chi-square test = 9.5, p0.01), BNP ≥ 158 picogram/ml (p0.01), NT-proBNP ≥ 787 rg/ml (chi-square test = 4.4, p0.05) were significantly associated with malignant arrhythmias in long-term follow-up. History of malignant arrhythmias or syncope (OR 11.1, 95% Cl 2.8-44.4; p0.01), abnormal HRT (OR 13.6, 95% Cl 2.8-66.1; p0.01), and plasma BNP ≥ 158 picogram/ml (OR 14.3, 95% CI 3.2-65.0; p0.01) were independent predictors of malignant arrhythmias on multivariate Cox regression analysis.History of malignant arrhythmias, pathological HRT and plasma brain natriuretic peptide level ≥ 158 picogram/ml were independent predictors of malignant ventricular arrhythmias during 2 years follow-up of patients with IHD.

An original myoneoventricle, with an additional active relaxing system which plays the role of a diastolic component, is used in experiments performed on dogs. The two broadest muscles of the back, stimulated by an original Russian-manufactured multiprogrammable stimulator, function as a mechanical pump. A marked improvement of the hemodynamic state of the animal is obtained during the work of the myoneoventricle in experiments.