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This article analyzes the military-technical cooperation between the USSR and Egypt in the early 1970s. Central to this study is the political interaction between the two nations, as well as the challenges faced by Cairo and Moscow following Anwar Sadat’s rise to power. Particular attention is given to the factors that hindered the maintenance of a high level of Soviet military aid to Egypt during the period from 1971 to 1973. The research focuses on the political intentions of the leadership in both countries, with special emphasis on the bilateral relationship crisis in 1972. The study examines the impact of this crisis on the rearmament process of the Egyptian army and analyzes the strategies employed to secure necessary armaments for Egypt, culminating in President Sadat’s decision to initiate war with Israel in October 1973. The novelty of this research lies in its analysis of materials from Russian archives and memoirs of Egyptian political and military figures in Arabic. The relevance of this study is underscored by its demonstration of the complexities of the political processes occurring in Egypt that influenced the nature and level of SovietEgyptian relations, particularly in the realm of military-technical cooperation during 1970–1973.

Background. The most important achievement in modern medicine is the widespread introduction of assisted reproductive technologies. In Russia, in vitro fertilization has acquired well-known advantages. The use of this method made it possible to solve the problem of infertility for a large number of families and satisfy a woman’s natural need for motherhood. At the same time, the ultimate goal – the appearance of healthy offspring – can only be achieved through the joint efforts of reproductive specialists: clinical and laboratory specialists. The justified purpose of this study was to determine the most significant indicators of the health of newborns in Astrakhan after in vitro fertilization in relation to indicators of maternal health.Materials and methods. The health indicators and developmental characteristics of 109 children born after in vitro fertilization in the city of Astrakhan and the Astrakhan region on the period 2017-2022, as well as the morbidity of their mothers, were studied. Methods of clinical and laboratory examination and modern methods of statistical analysis were used.Results. It has been established that multiple pregnancies after in vitro fertilization are more often observed in women who have a history of a greater number of various pathological conditions, mainly anemia of pregnancy, endocrine diseases accompanied by edematous syndrome and obesity, as well as virus carriage against the background of multiple attempts at fertilization. A certain number of newborns after in vitro fertilization (12.4% from singleton and 18.4% from multiple pregnancies) had somatic pathology, which was accompanied by iron deficiency anemia. However, the relationship between the number of fetuses in pregnancy after in vitro fertilization, the sex of the newborn and the occurrence of early anemia in newborns has not been statistically confirmed.

The energy sales activities development processes in the electric power industry have been studied. The factors determining the infrastructural nature of activity in the modern market, aimed at supporting opportunities for implementing competitive transactions of electric power purchase and sale, have been formulated. The process of planning to implement in 2005–2008 a “resale” scheme for organizing energy sales activities in the course of developing a new market model has been assessed. The choice of such a scheme is not simple and not the best of possible solutions. The problems arising for economic entities in the modern Russian electric power market under the conditions of the “resale” scheme for organizing energy sales activities have been characterized. Mechanisms and procedures of the market do not provide its subjects with acceptable competition conditions. This is largely due to the fact that energy sales companies, seeking to preserve and expand the monopoly sale of electricity, suppress the possibility of competitive choice of its suppliers and consumers, creating conditions of entrepreneurship low efficiency in the market. The article proposes approaches to improving energy sales activities based on the implementing the “agency” scheme within the framework of the electric power market digital model with the solution of tasks to provide its subjects with opportunities for competitive choice, ensuring fair competition conditions for detecting and implementing opportunities to obtain entrepreneurial benefits.

Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death for both women and men. Older women, when coronary heart disease first appears, have more comorbidities and usually complain of atypical symptoms. Mortality and hospitalization rates caused by acute myocardial infarction are higher for women. It should be noted that adherence to secondary prevention for women is lower.Female predominance has been noted in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), hereditary pulmonary hypertension, and collagenosisassociated pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, according to the latest data of the European register COMPERA, gender differences disappear for elderly patients and for the patients having concomitant diseases. The more frequent occurrence of cardiomyopathies among women is considered. Peripartum cardiomyopathy associated with pregnancy and childbirth, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to psychoemotional status, in particular a stressful situation, determines a woman's further prognosis. Arrythmias are explained by changes in hormonal status during pregnancy, menopause, or are associated with the onset of the underlying disease.Heart failure usually affects both sexes equally, with women more likely to suffer from HFpEF and men from HFrEF. The classic cardiovascular, gender, and social risk factors for cardiovascular disease and heart failure have a different meaning for women than for men. It is necessary to take into account the parameters for EchoCG diagnostics for women, since the size of the women heart is smaller.

The article studies the issues of competition development processes scientific support in the Russian power market. Based on the study results and the Russian electric power market current model experience evaluation, conclusions have been drawn about the need for additional research into the competition development in the market with the subsequent development and a new set of scientifically sound measures implementation to create acceptable conditions for competition of its subjects. The market properties in many respects diverge from the properties of markets with developed competition. The market has not yet managed to create any acceptable competition conditions, forming systemic conditions for a noticeable increase in the entrepreneurship efficiency. It is characterized by the presence of serious systemic problems that have a significant negative impact on its subjects functioning efficiency and require solutions. The article analyzes the directions and areas of insufficient scientific study on the issues of market interaction between consumers and electric power producers as important reasons for the the modern Russian power market problems persistence. The paper characterizes the complex of research and design developments for a new package of interrelated science-based measures implementation for competition conditions development in the power market, aimed at bringing its properties closer to the properties of markets with developed competition.

Background. The state of health of children in modern society is changing under the influence of various factors and processes. To a large extent, this applies to children born through in vitro fertilization. This method of reproductive technology is considered the most effective and is evaluated by the effectiveness of childbirth. However, the most important aspect – the state of health of newborns after in vitro fertilization, remains unexplored.Objective. Purpose of the study was to identify the most significant pathological conditions in children with multiple and singleton pregnancies after in vitro fertilization.Materials and methods. The results of a clinical and laboratory study of children born in the Astrakhan region through in vitro fertilization for the period from 2016 to 2021, as well as follow-up data of children conceived through in vitro fertilization for 3 years, were studied. Methods of clinical (including somatometry), laboratory and statistical analysis were used.Results.116 children born through in vitro fertilization were examined, their somatometric parameters, Apgar score, morbidity and laboratory parameters were studied. It has been found that multiple pregnancies In vitro fertilization is a high risk factor for miscarriage and the occurrence of neonatal diseases such as preretinopathy and perinatal lesions of the nervous system. In addition, edematous syndrome, pyelonephritis, gestational diabetes and obesity in the anamnesis of mothers who decide to use the in vitro fertilization method for conception, with a high degree of probability predetermines miscarriage or the detection of perinatal lesions of the nervous system, anemia, preretinopathy in newborns.

A variational problem for the minimum of the stored energy functional is considered in the framework of the nonlinear theory of elasticity, taking into account admissible deformations. An algorithm for solving this problem is proposed, based on the use of a polygonal partition of the computational domain by the Delaunay triangulation method. Conditions for the convergence of the method to a local minimum in the class of piecewise affine mappings are found.

After heart valve surgery, anticoagulant therapy is usually recommended. The duration and necessity of combining oral anticoagulants with antiplatelet drugs depends on the type of manipulation performed, patient comorbidity and some other factors. Several randomized trials have shown that continued direct oral anticoagulation as monotherapy in some groups of patients requiring cardiac surgery is superior in efficacy and safety to treatment combining anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. The presented literature review reflects the management strategy of patients after heart valve operations.

Mixed bacterial infections cause reproductive disorders, in the form of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, tubal infertility and ectopic pregnancy. A promising macrolide drug is spiramycin. Spiramycin is a highly effective drug in the treatment of uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections caused by chlamydia and ureaplasma, which can be used as monotherapy and as part of a complex treatment of sexually transmitted infections. Of particular importance is the proven safety of spiramycin therapy for infections at any stage of pregnancy. Therefore, the main principles of rational antibacterial therapy are the determination of the microflora that caused the infectious process, the assessment of the impact of the antibiotic on the fetus and the ways of its elimination, as well as the early start of therapy, the assessment of its effectiveness in the first 48 hours, the control of side effects. In infectious-inflammatory diseases, especially mixed bacterial infections, the use of the combined drug (ornidazole 500 mg and ciprofloxacin 500 mg) is considered justified. The results of the study of the vaginal microbiota showed that its flora is almost completely represented by anaerobic microorganisms. The appearance on the pharmaceutical market of secnidazole, a new generation antimicrobial agent, made it possible to implement a new approach to the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Secnidazole, unlike clindamycin, does not have activity against beneficial lactobacilli and one can expect a minimal effect on the predominant Lactobacillus component of the normal healthy microflora. In the presence of intestinal dysbacteriosis, the infectious process acquires a protracted course, which requires repeated courses of antibiotic therapy and exacerbates dysbacteriosis. After the end of taking antibiotics, it is advisable to correct the state of the microbiocenosis of the vagina. Thus, the tactics of an obstetrician-gynecologist, based on the use of a set of measures for the treatment and prevention of infections, can reduce the incidence of complications in women of reproductive age.

Modern methods of computational fluid dynamics have been used to study flows with mass supply in axisymmetric channels of solid-propellant rocket motor charges. The studies were carried out with the aim of increasing the accuracy of predicting the intraballistic parameters for performing engineering calculations. The analysis of changes in intraballistic characteristics in the flow part of the channel charge in the classical and nozzleless solid propellant rocket motors is carried out for different rates of mass supply from the combustion surface. For an isobaric combustion chamber, a characteristic velocity profile is shown along a tubular charge path and a charge with sudden expansion. It is shown that for a steady cosine profile of axial velocity after sudden expansion of the channel, a length of more than three gauges is required. For a high-speed combustion chamber, a comparison of the axial velocity profile is carried out depending on the flow velocity under different conditions of mass supply. The tendency of the influence of flow velocity on the character of the profile is noted. It is shown that at a Mach number over 0.5, an increase in the mass flow rate from the combustion surface provides a less filled velocity profile tending to cosine. The differences between the pressure losses in the flow passage of the channel charge, calculated in the axisymmetric approximation, and the losses determined using gas-dynamic functions, are shown. An increase of the mass flow rate in the charge channel of a nozzleless solid-propellant rocket motor leads to a decrease in pressure losses at Mach number over 0.8.

Aim. To study the dynamics of the lipid profile of hypertensive patients with dyslipidemia who underwent COVID-19.Material and methods. Hypertensive patients with dyslipidemia who underwent COVID-19 [n=126; 58 men and 68 women; median age 60 (56.0; 65.5) years] examined. Patients were included into two groups: group 1 (n=64) received a single pill combination of lisinopril + amlodipine + rosuvastatin; 2 groups (n=62) continued the previous drug treatment. Clinical, demographic, office blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed in all patients in 3 visits within 24 weeks.Results. The groups did not differ in prior antihypertensive therapy (except for more frequent use of angiotensin II receptor blockers in group 2, p

The wide dissemination and improvement of reproductive technologies requires a closer and more focused study of the results. Along with unconditional achievements in in vitro fertilization, there are many unresolved issues related to the health of newborns. It is important to get a comprehensive assessment of the health status of children born through in vitro fertilization and be able to make predictions. To date, there are few such studies. The purpose of the publication is to present the results of observation and examination on an outpatient basis of children born by in vitro fertilization. A clinical diagnostic examination of newborns was carried out, a study of the birth histories and medical records of inpatient and outpatient monitoring of children born through in vitro fertilization. The results of the analysis of medical records and examinations of 55 children born in the city of Astrakhan for the period 2018-2020 after in vitro fertilization were obtained. It was found that the majority of children were from multiple pregnancies and male children predominated. The features of the period of pregnancy were noted – the carriage of cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, gestational diabetes mellitus, toxicosis, «preeclampsia», gestational age. About a third of the observed children were among the preterm and had a low body weight (average value – 1750 grams). Variants of the pathology of the central nervous system, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems were studied. In the study group, a significant majority of congenital pathology of the formation of the oval window of the heart was found – 91% and anemia in newborns. Premature children were dominated by neurocirculatory disorders, retinopathy, preretinopathy, iron deficiency anemia. The lack of information in primary health care facilities at the place of residence of the child and the need to overcome moral and ethical, as well as social and religious contradictions with the help of the personnel of catamnesis departments and the support of psychologists are indicated.

China and Turkey — countries located at the two ends of the ancient trade Silk Road, which at the beginning of the 21st century were again closely linked by the Chinese initiative “One Belt, One Road”, are considered in the article. It is shown how these two economies with high economic activity complement each other’s needs and benefits. Attention is paid to the interaction and cooperation between them in such areas as the development of contacts on political issues, road communications, trade, money circulation, communication between people. It is stated that China and Turkey have achieved certain successes in promoting sustainable and stable development of bilateral relations. The authors also note that there are many challenges faced by both sides in implementing “One Belt, One Road” Initiative. It is emphasized that in terms of geopolitics, foreign policy and foreign economic relations, Turkey is in a rather difficult situation, cooperation between China and Turkey within the framework of “One Belt, One Road” also contains many risks. It is concluded that as long as the two countries adhere to the idea of reviving the Great Silk Road and a pragmatic approach, more and more mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Turkey will move forward.

Objective: to study the effects of royal jelly and coenzyme Q10 administered with food on the number of hematological and spirometric indicators in elite swimmers in precompetitive period. Materials and methods: 16 highly qualified athletes at the age of 19,8±0,6 years participated in the study. Content of erythrocytes and different white blood cells and level of hemoglobin in the blood of the athletes were measured using hematology analyzer «Abacus Junior 30». The measurement of respiratory volume, respiratory minute volume, respiratory frequency, рO2 and рCO2 in expired air, alveolar рO2 and рCO2 in the subjects was made using anesthesia breathing apparatus «Capnomac Ultima». Results: the administration of the above mix by the athletes stimulates the immune system and the oxygen-transporting function of blood, activates the functional state of pulmonary tissue, increases the oxygen consumption and improves physical performance. Conclusions: the effect of preventive therapy on the analyzed parameters in highly qualified swimmers determine the feasibility of the competent intake of composition «royal jelly-ubiquinone-10-honey» before and during major competitions when the requirements are high.

Objective. Investigation of interinstitutional interaction environment while delivering of surgical aid in conditions of disaster, the need in certain kinds of surgical operations estimation of efficacy of civil-military interaction in sector of the antiterrorist operation conduction. Materials and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 290 wounded persons and patients in medical company of Military Forces of Ukraine, which have functioned in a health care facility on Lugansk direction in summer 2015 yr, were presented. The efficacy of a civil-military interaction was estimated. Methods of the system analysis, clinical, medic-statistic and economic were there applied. Results. Introduction of system of the civil-military interaction while conduction of to all wounded persons and patients, to enhance the resource support of a health care facility by 39.7%. Conclusion.Joint usage of present civil and military resources for delivery of medical help to patients and wounded persons impacts on the treatment results positively.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of telmisartan, used in monotherapy or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide or amlodipine, in real clinical practice in patients with diagnosed arterial hypertension who have not reached the target levels of blood pressure (BP).Material and methods. The study was a non-intervention, prospective, multicenter, comparative, observational, epidemiological program, which was carried out in Russian medical institutions. The total patient population in which the prescribed therapy was administered included 1933 people (758 men and 1175 women, mean age 57.0-59.3 years). Participants were followed-up for 12 weeks. The change in office BP was evaluated on the 4th and 12th week.Results. Significant (p

The percentage of women with induced pregnancy is increasing due to assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Such pregnancy is related to high-risk group because of high frequency of pregnancy loss and early bleeding, hormonal imbalance, high percentage of obstetric complications and premature births. Women with induced pregnancy have various risk factors that influence pregnancy outcomes. Investigation of risk factors which influence on pregnancy outcomes determines the possibilities for predicting and preventing adverse outcomes.

At an online meeting of experts held on May 14, 2021 additional research results on a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were considered. According to the data from the EMPEROR-Reduced international study, cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin therapy in patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) were analyzed. A number of proposals and recommendations was accepted regarding the further study of cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin and its use in clinical practice in patients with heart failure, regardless of the T2D presence.

This work is a continuation of research on the use of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) for identification of medicines that exhibit polymorphism.The aim of the paper was to perform comparative XRD analysis of linezolid samples produced by different manufacturers.Materials and methods: the measurements were performed using an Empyrean X-ray powder diffraction system (PANalytical, Netherlands) with an X’Celerator linear solid-state detector using Ni-filtered CuKa radiation. The results were recorded at 1.5406 and 1.5444 А with the intensity ratio in the doublet of 2:1. The two-phase Rietveld refinement of the obtained diffractograms was used for the quantitative analysis.Results: the authors compared diffractograms of three commercial samples of linezolid. The revealed differences were analysed taking into consideration available literature on the polymorphic forms of linezolid. It was demonstrated that only forms II and IV should be considered as different polymorphs of linezolid.Conclusions: the study demonstrated that linezolid samples produced by different manufacturers could represent different polymorphs or mixtures thereof. The evaluation of linezolid quality by X-ray diffraction analysis requires the comparison of the obtained results with the diffractogram of the form IV reference standard. Relevant information should be provided by manufacturers in the product specification file.

Based on the analysis of existing regulatory legal acts in the field of regulating the research activities of the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), a conclusion was made about their similarity and the possibility of starting the operation of the single market of services (SMS) of research without adopting additional legal acts. A comparison of the sources of financing of science of the EAEU member countries with the average and best indicators in the world has been made. The average costs for the EAEU member country amounted to 0,43% of the gross domestic product (GDP) were 1,7% in the world (4 times more). In the EAEU, more research is carried out by public sector scientific organizations (31,8% in EAEU, 12,8% in the world), and less research is performed by the business sector. Proposals for the development of the EAEU SMS for the research, including the creation of the Science Fund and the Innovation Fund, the creation of an information resource on the websites of national regulators in the field of scientific activity, etc., have been made.

The article is devoted to two well-known historians of the Ural State University: Mikhail Yakovlevich Syusyumov (1893-1982), the outstanding byzantinist of the 20th century, and Ivan Nikanorovich Chempalov (1913-2008), the founder of the Ural school of historians of international relations. The aim of the article is to study one of the most important aspects of the unique process - the formation of the scientific school of historians of international relations at the Ural University. Special attention is paid to an important stage in the scientific biography of its founder I. N. Chempalov - preparation of the doctoral thesis. The documents are used which had not previously been published, in particular, the materials of personal correspondence of M. Ya. Syusyumov with other historians - V. T. Sirotenko and K. D. Petryaev. The authors believe that the Ural school of historians of international relations was formed not without the influence of the theory of continuity (historical succession) proposed by M. Ya. Syusyumov. There is a high prognostic potential of historical thinking of this authoritative medievalist, who gave a number of assessments of the modern historical process, as subsequent events confirmed his rightness. The authors of the article made an attempt to reveal the essence of “the phenomenon of I. N. Chempalov.” The process of scientific continuity and influence of the senior colleague on formation of I. N. Chempalov as a historian of international relations is covered.

The issues of the organization of relations in the modern Russian electric power market have been considered. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and problems of the current model of the Russian electricity market, the conclusion has been made, that it is necessary to develop and implement an additional set of measures to develop this market in order to ensure acceptable conditions of competition, which allow through application of the competitive procedures and mechanisms to increase the efficiency of the electric power production, transmission and consumption process. The characteristic of the electric power market model, possessing the properties of modern markets with developed competition, has been given. The measures for the organizational and theoretical provision of the process of further development of the electric power market have been offered.

An online meeting of experts held on November 6, 2020 describes the results of EMPA-REG OUTCOME and EMPEROR-Reduced trials on sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin. We analyzed cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving empagliflozin. A number of proposals and recommendations have been adopted regarding the further study of the cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin and its practical use in patients with heart failure, regardless of the T2D presence.

Etiology, and ante-natal and post-natal outcomes in premature breaking of waters (PBW) were considered, as well as obstetrical practice of managing incomplete pregnancy complicated with PBW, and indications for premature abortion of incomplete pregnancy complicated with PBW.

The article presents a retrospective study of the history of preterm birth and perinatal outcomes. Statistical analysis of the effect of non-specific cervico-vaginal infections in the perinatal outcomes was performed.

The paper deals with the issues related to the effect of slagging within the steam boilers furnaces and shows the determination results on peat ash fusibility of Kirov region deposits. Fusibility properties of peat ash (temperatures of deformation, sphere, hemisphere and flow) from the four industrial areas (Dymny, Pishchalsky, Karinsky, Gorokhovsky) depending on its chemical composition are presented. Melting temperature of the mineral part of the peat, determined by GOST, is averaged and does not reflect the actual melting temperature of the individual particles in fly ash. The existence of such separate particles having a melting temperature below the average melting temperature of the ash makes it difficult to find the operating temperature of the torch to reach the minimum of the furnace slagging during peat combustion. The comparison of melting characteristics of peat ash with the reference literature data is performed. The initial slagging temperature is calculated depending on the ratio of the acidic and basic oxides in peat ash.

X-ray powder diffraction is one of the methods used for detection and analysis of polymorphic forms of pharmaceutical substances. The article elucidates the concept of polymorphism, briefly explains physical characteristics of this phenomenon, conditions of polymorphic transformations and the prevalence of polymorphic forms among drug substances. It should be noted that polymorphism is observed in drug substances belonging to different pharmacologic classes. Polymorphic forms of the same drug substance have different solubility, melting point, resistance to oxidation and to other destructive processes, and, consequently, different surface properties which affect both the rate of absorption of the drug substances and their stability as components of dosage forms. This calls for the need to control the quality of drug substances for potential presence of polymorphic forms. The use of diffraction methods for examination of cryomodified forms of various biologically active compounds obtained by evaporation and subsequent precipitation at low temperatures resulted in obtaining polycrystalline substances with new properties. The article provides results of examination of crystalline modifications of phenazepam in the form of α- and β-polymorphs, tilorone, fabomotizole, zolendronic acid and dehydroepiandrosterone. It was demonstrated that the use of X-ray diffraction analysis for examination and quality control of polymorphic forms of drugs is a necessary component of identification testing.

Method of X-ray phase analysis based on obtaining and analyzing the diffraction pattern resulting from the diffraction of x-rays scattered by electrons of the atoms of the irradiated polycrystalline sample. Using this method in the framework of a pre-registration examination the study of pharmaceutical substances temosolomide, form I of valacyclovir hydrochloride monohydrate and quetiapine fumarate (form I) to confirm their authenticity. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the claimant substance temosolomide is not primary, and the substance of valacyclovir does not meet the stated requirements in terms of "Authenticity".

The retrospective study was conducted aimed at the detection of risk factors of myocardial infection in elderly and senile patients after hip arthroplasty. Materials and methods. 303 elderly and senile patients (older than 65 years old) with subcapital fracture and consequent hip arthroplasty were enrolled into the study. Logistic regression equations were used for assessment of prognostic value of signs of myocardial infraction development. Results. In the early post-operative period myocardial infraction developed in 12 cases (3.9%). The following controlable and uncontrolable risk factors were detected in elderly and senile patients, most significant are presented first: cardial risk as per K.A. Eagle score – 2 scores and more, acute post-operative anemia with hemoglobin level below 95 g/l and type of anesthesia. The indicator integrating these three rates had the highest prognostic value.

Dispersivity and chemical composition of ash and slag particles at dust combustion of milled peat were investigated in this work. Shapes and sizes of the particles depending on the sampling points in different parts of the boiler system were determined experimentally. The histograms and the particle size distribution functions were obtained.

Chemical composition, dispersivity and optical properties of peat ash particles are investigated in this paper. Calculation of gas phase components is based on thermal characteristics of the original fuel. Methodology and results of the calculation of the thermal radiation of heterogeneous combustion products at peat burning are given.

The randomized prospective study presents the comparative evaluation of efficiency of unilateral and traditional epidural analgesia after total knee joint replacement. The administration of traditional and unilateral epidural analgesia through continuous infusion of ropivacainum was characterized by the adequate post-surgery pain relief. The targeted lateral catheterization towards the surgery side provided preferable development of the sensor and motor block on the surgery side with bigger analgesic effect at rest and lower consumption of local anesthetic compared to traditional administration of epidural catheter.

The conditions of maintenance of yaw stability of the undercarriage of a tractor with the blocked interaxial and inter-wheel drives at work with the asymmetrical traction load are observed. Fundamental principles of the mathematical theory of friction are used for definition of a pole of friction and the pivot centres of wheels. The friction pole is in close proximity to the centre of a contact patch of the most loaded rear wheel of a tractor. Course stability of the tractor is influenced by the longitudinal forces, external side negative forces caused by a bottom pitch in the cross plane, and positive ones, caused by the shift of traction loading. The main power characteristic of the plow which is symmetrically mounted to the tractor is force which is counted on the basis of forces operating in the plow bottom. For maintenance of course stability of the tractor in case of asymmetrical mounting of a plow to the tractor а positive side force directed to the center of speeds should be applied in the joint. Opposite directed reaction is imposed on a plow for redistribution of side loads. The forces of asymmetric six-bodies plough, coordinates of the resulting forces in case of its assymetrical attachment are calculated. During the ploughing of a harvested field with a traction load of 40 kN, displased laterally by 1 m with the purpose of maintenance of directional stability, a lateral force of 2.7-3.5 kN should be applied to the tractor in the joint of attachment of semi-integral plough. At the same time a lateral force of 15.3 kN is applied to the front wheel, moving on furrow bottom.

The article is devoted to the problem of the struggle for leadership in the Persian Gulf region in the late 20th - early 21st centuries. The article covers developments in the region, starting with the victory of the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979. The main attention is paid to the international implications of the Iranian revolution, years of the Iran-Iraq war, the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq, international forces operations against these aggressive actions by Iraq. The question is that after the victory of the Islamic revolution, Iran emerged on the regional stage as a clear contender for the role of a new leader. It is shown that the main enemy of Iran is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Special attention is paid to identifying the various forms and methods through which Iran and Saudi Arabia are fighting for leadership in the Persian Gulf. Novelty of research consists in that it is carried out on the basis of the analysis of a very wide range of sources and literature in the Arabic language, loosely used in the works of other scientists. The research urgency is caused by the fact that the study of the above historical events allows a better understanding of some contemporary phenomena and processes occurring in the middle East.