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The study was conducted on 19 adult dogs referred for treatment of fracture in diaphyseal region of three long bones, viz, radius-ulna, femur and tibia-fibula. These dogs were divided randomly into three groups viz T1, T2 and T3. In group T1, the diaphyseal fractures of the long bones were immobilized by an internal fixation technique using reconstruction plate or locking compression plate. In group T2, β-tri calcium phosphate granules were incorporated at fracture site after fixation. In group T3, one milliliter of PRP was administered locally at fracture site just before the closing the first suture line. Clinical and radiographic examination were also conducted during the study. There was a significant reduction in mean inflammation score at 7th day in groups T2 and T3 and at 30th day than 0 day in all the groups. At 90th day, the mean radiographic score was highest for group T3 and it was followed by the score in group T2. At day 90th, a radiograph in both the views was not able to delineate the granules from osseous tissue. The mean weight bearing score was also higher in group T3 than in group T2 at 30th, 60th and 90th post operative day showing that restoration of the function was better and earlier in groups T2 and T3 than in group T1.

Ultrasonography has been considered as one of the most valuable diagnostic tools in veterinary medicine. The study standardizes the Doppler ultrasonographic hepato biliary biometric features in six leopards (Panthera pardus). The hepato biliary ultrasonographic examination was performed under general anaesthesia while lateral recumbency using a 3.5 MHz convex array transducer. The hepatobiliary images obtained at area covered the periphery just behind the sternum and last ribs of thorax on left and right side of abdomen. Gall bladder was visualized at a moderate pressure below the level of sternum. The hepato biliary measurements were recorded and it can be concluded that Doppler ultrasonography as valuable technique for measuring hepato biliary biometric features and could be used as reference values for diagnosis of hepato biliary diseases and disorders in leopards.

A total number of 12004 cases of different species were registered in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Jabalpur, during study period. Out of these 12004 cases, 153 animals were presented with the fracture in any of the limb. The incidence of fracture was found to be 1.27%. Canine was the most common (58.82%) species to have a fracture. The incidence of fracture was highest (60.00%) in animals of age below 9 months. Further, the male animals (53.34%) outnumbered female (46.66%) for fracture cases. The tibia-fbula (36.66%) was the most common bone affected with fracture followed by metatarsal (23.33%) and radius-ulna (16.66%). Most of the fractures were oblique and transverse types and were located in midshaft of a bone. Hind limb was found more vulnerable for a fracture than fore limb. Fractures were more commonly recorded in left limbs (66.66%) of animal than the right limbs (33.34%). Automobile accident (50.00%) was found to be most common cause of a fracture.

The overall incidence of fracture was recorded as 0.95 per cent for all species of animals. The incidence of fracture in dog was 0.76 per cent. Dog was observed as the most common species presented with a fracture followed by goat and other species. The mean age was recorded to be 26.32±5.14 months. Fifteen animals (78.95%) were noticed in age group of 12–36 months. Majority of animals were non-descript (42.10%). Fracture was recorded more in male animals (77.78%). An automobile accident (42.10%) emerged to be the major cause of fracture, whereas a fall from height (31.58%) was second common cause of fracture. The femur was found to be the most common bone (47.37%) involved in the fracture, seconded by tibia-fibula (36.84%), which was followed by radius-ulna (15.79%). The radiographic examination conducted in two orthogonal views revealed that 14 (73.68%) fractures were multiple whereas, 5 (26.32%) fractures were comminuted.