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Emotions are highly influential variables in tourism. While emotions have gained momentum and have been regularly studied by tourism scholars in various aspects of tourism, social and non-social emotions remain underexplored, especially in heritage tourism. Considering the power of heritage YouTube vlogs in eliciting emotions that are essential in creating sustainability for heritage sites, this qualitative sentiment analysis investigation was undertaken to surface the social and non-social emotions present in the comments posted on select YouTube heritage vlogs. Accordingly, sixty-four (n = 64) heritage vlogs featuring the Historic City of Vigan, Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras, and Baroque Churches of the Philippines were utilized. Using Data Miner, three thousand eighty-nine (n = 3,089) significant YouTube comments were extracted, filtered, and underwent Phronetic Iterative Data Analysis (Tracy, 2013, Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons). Consequently, a protractor model dubbed as Vlogs as a protractor of audience social and non-social emotions with its three angles of reminiscence, intrigue, and desire emerged where various time perspectives and accompanying groups of social and non-social emotions generated by heritage vlogs situate themselves. Theoretically, this study expands the applicability of social and non-social emotions in heritage research while practically providing heritage tourism practitioners with information on utilizing social media to understand and promote heritage sites to online viewers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though political vlogging, largely understood as the production of online videos to demand accountability from the state, provides an avenue for netizens to express dissent, this form of civic engagement comes with drawbacks. Based on selective archiving of the political rhetoric of 12 disenfranchised Ghanaian migrants domiciled in the United States and Europe, I draw attention to four main epistemic complications inherent in the diasporians’ public opinions of a perceived political crisis in Ghana. The analysis shows that the migrants raise emotional arguments concerning such topoi as corruption and bad governance; poor social infrastructure; unemployment; a weak educational system; and the problem of religion and superstition. The study also reveals that the political messaging of the migrants is fundamentally premised on a Eurocentric view of governance which, on the contrary, glorifies Western imperialism, and reinforces Victorian narratives that depict postcolonial subjects as indolent, psychotic, and malevolent. The paper is situated at the intersection of political rhetoric and postcolonial theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite opaque automated systems and few formal channels for participation, YouTubers navigate algorithmic governance on the platform through a strategy we call user-generated accountability: the generation of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies. Through an analysis of 250 videos, we identify common strategies, concerns, and targets of accountability. Creators primarily upload vlogs that acknowledge the platform's positive aspects, even as they express concern with YouTube's policies, automated enforcement systems, poor communication practices, and discrimination against certain creators or content. In publicizing critiques of platform operations, videos enroll creators and audiences as active stakeholders in platform governance that can coordinate actions to draw the company's attention to matters of concern. We argue that user-generated accountability practices offer a productive starting point for understanding how platform governance disputes come to be and how systems might be shaped or rebuilt to better serve the needs of competing stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

#MeToo is a digital social movement that has garnered significant attention from feminist scholars since the hashtag obtained viral fame in 2017. Nonetheless, how survivors of sexual violence experience participating in #MeToo remains an understudied question. In this paper we analyze vlogs posted on YouTube under the hashtag to understand how women represent the affordances and drawbacks of participating in the movement, and how they imagine their experiential narratives may affect other survivors. We argue that vloggers represent #MeToo as a forum for breaking the culture of silence that structures sexual violence. As they narrate their experiences, vloggers challenge silencing mechanisms by cultivating voice, resistance strategies, and survivor solidarity, while encouraging viewers to similarly examine their own experiences. Vloggers also identify the emotional burdens associated with disclosure and the damages incurred by confronting rape myths and the entrenched denial of perpetrator guilt as drawbacks of participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Social media provides a repository of qualitative data relevant to difficult to research sensitive issues. Researcher practices vary in terms of how to ethically collect such data. Some argue that public social media posts can be collected without the informed consent of the authors. Others agree researchers can collect public posts but suggest anonymizing them to protect authors. For some, however, much social media activity consists of private conversations occurring in public that can only be researched with informed consent. This article contrasts confessional posts on support forums with confessional vlogs on YouTube to highlight how the affordances, norms, and genre of digital platforms require researchers to adopt different ethical practices in relation to data collected from different platforms. The article argues that researchers should familiarize themselves with a platform when they evaluate whether they are observing private conversations occurring in public or creative productions meant for widespread dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a new Turkish social media influencer corpus consisting of 30 YouTube vlogs, this study explores young adults' translanguaging practices, prevalent linguistic events, and spatial repertoires in communication. The analysis focuses on vlogs, where linguistic resources become available in relation to the activities, audience, and organization of places or objects and young adults' translanguaging practices and their situated functions. The findings demonstrate how to use translanguaging as a comprehensive methodology to analyze communication unfolding with multimodal, multilingual, and digital semiotic repertoires at speakers' disposal and for the imagined audience integral to the communication in vlogs. Taking a corpus-linguistics perspective to translanguaging, we propose a usage-based focus and undertake a broader understanding of translanguaging as a linguistic and multimodal phenomenon. 30 YouTube vlogundan oluşan yeni bir Türk sosyal medya etkileyicileri derlemine dayanan bu çalışma, genç yetişkinlerin diller ötesi pratiklerini, vloglarda hakim olan dilsel olayları ve iletişimdeki mekansal repertuarlarını incelemektedir. Analizin odağında genç yetişkinlerin dilsel kaynaklarının, etkinlikler, izleyici ve mekanların veya nesnelerin düzenlenmesi, diller ötesi pratikler ve bu pratiklerin yerleşik işlevleri ile ilişkili olarak kullanılabilir hale geldiği vloglar bulunmaktadır. Bulgular, vloglardaki iletişimin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan hayali izleyici için üretilen iletişimin konuşmacıların tasarrufunda olan çoklu modlu, çokdilli ve dijital göstergesel repertuarlar ile bir bütün olduğunu ve bu iletişimi çözümlemek için kapsamlı bir metodoloji olan diller ötesilik kuramının kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, diller ötesiliği derlembilim destekli bir yaklaşımla ele alarak, kullanıma dayalı bir odak önermekte ve diller ötesiliği dilbilimsel ve çok modlu bir olgu olarak daha kapsamlı bir anlayışla ele almaktadır. In our research, we look at how people use language in their everyday online videos (vlogs). Central to our study is the concept of translanguaging. It is a practical theory of language that helps us understand how people use different languages together, get creative with language, and create new ways of communicating online. This perspective goes beyond the traditional view, which treats multilingualism as simply switching between distinct linguistic systems. This is especially important on social media where global and local influences interact, and users access new activity spaces. We built a specialized corpus that contains 30 vlogs of six Turkish social media influencers on YouTube and used software called ELAN. This helped us analyze how they use both languages and visuals to communicate. What we found is that these influencers translanguage, use unique expressions, and include visual elements to connect with their audience online. Our study also emphasizes how interpreting and self--interpreting in translanguaging helps convey meaning for an imagined audience. By studying these practices, we learn more about how language works in today's social media spaces and how it challenges our traditional conceptions of language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempts to link the clay soil in the locality to the topic of heat transfer as a contextualization point. It attempted to slightly modify the seven-step science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) lesson by having the part of the prototyping be first tried by the teacher, thereby having a change-of-hat to anticipate the ‘what if’ questions of the students. The teacher-researcher experimentation provided critical information to scaffold the students in the prototyping part. The evaluation of experts shows that the modified STEM lesson can be an excellent tool and the vodcast has been found to be a very satisfactory component of the STEM lesson. It is described as a very useful material in teaching heat transfer and related thermodynamics concepts and is highly recommended for use in both distance learning and face-to-face modality. Further, the clay oven exploration has come up with a refined clay oven production process, wherein the clay oven prototype has the capacity for the contextualization of heat transfer. It is recommended that a formal implementation be conducted to refine and standardize the lesson delivery [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenge of creating reliable technology-based resources for science learning is a perennial challenge in Philippine education, with limited learning materials accessible to all learners. This study is about the development of a videocast embedded with physics education technology (PhET) simulation that served as supplementary learning material for grade 9 science in response to the scarcity of dependable visualization materials. The study employed the developmental research design with analysisdesign-development-implementation-evaluation (ADDIE) model as the developmental framework. The vodcast evaluation tool, achievement test questionnaire, and vodcast perception survey questionnaire for students and teachers were used in the data collection, while the Kendall's W statistic, mean, percentage, and gain score were used in the data interpretation. The teacher respondents (N=64) have moderate agreement on the ranking of topic difficulty, with Kendall's W of 0.45. The researcher-made vodcast attained an overall rating of 4.78 from experts, which implies that the vodcast can be very good material for classroom implementation. The developed achievement test has acceptable difficulty and discrimination indices. The implementation stage yielded a low normalized gain, which can be accounted for by unfocused attention during the pandemic. Nevertheless, the voicecasts were found very useful in learning projectile motion, as perceived by both students and teacher-observers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) research has made significant progress in modelling collaboration quality for the purpose of understanding collaboration behaviour and building automated collaboration estimation models. Deploying these automated models in authentic classroom scenarios, however, remains a challenge. This paper presents findings from an evaluation of collaboration quality estimation models. We collected audio, video and log data from two different Estonian schools. These data were used in different combinations to build collaboration estimation models and then assessed across different subjects, different types of activities (collaborative‐writing, group‐discussion) and different schools. Our results suggest that the automated collaboration model can generalize to the context of different schools but with a 25% degradation in balanced accuracy (from 82% to 57%). Moreover, the results also indicate that multimodality brings more performance improvement in the case of group‐discussion‐based activities than collaborative‐writing‐based activities. Further, our results suggest that the video data could be an alternative for understanding collaboration in authentic settings where higher‐quality audio data cannot be collected due to contextual factors. The findings have implications for building automated collaboration estimation systems to assist teachers with monitoring their collaborative classrooms. Practitioners notesWhat is already known about this topicMultimodal learning analytics researchers have established several features as potential indicators for collaboration quality, e.g., speaking time or joint visual attention.The current state of the art has shown the feasibility of building automated collaboration quality models.Recent research has provided preliminary evidence of the generalizability of developed automated models across contexts different in terms of given task and subject.What does this paper addThis paper offers collaboration indicators for different types of collaborative learning activities in authentic classroom settings.The paper includes a systematic investigation into collaboration quality automated model's generalizability across different tasks, types of tasks and schools.This paper also offers a comparison between different modalities' potential to estimate collaboration quality in authentic settings.Implications for practiceThe findings inform the development of automated collaboration monitoring systems for authentic classroom settings.This paper provides evidence on across‐school generalizability capabilities of collaboration quality estimation models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twenty-first century, the use of technology in the teaching process has become increasingly crucial. A rising trend in language assessment comes in the form of vlogs. Its proliferation in language assessment can serve many advantages and benefits. However, a misguided assessment strategy can undermine the teaching-learning process. Also, learners often feel that vlogging assessments need to be revised because the focus is on the vlogging skills and media quality. Hence, the study aimed to identify the practices and perspectives of language teachers, academic heads, and language learners in using vlogs as a speaking performance assessment. A qualitative design was employed to collect a rich and detailed understanding of the focus of the study. The informants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through essay questionnaires, focus-group discussions, and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that using vlogs in language assessment offers a versatile and practical approach for formative and summative purposes. Administering vlogging tasks requires weighing the advantages and challenges associated with each approach. Vlog types, such as personal vlogs, opinion vlogs, and interview vlogs, are ideal for enhancing learners' speaking skills. Furthermore, the pedagogical considerations of language teachers in utilizing vlogs include alignment, sufficient time and support, access to necessary technological resources, learner flexibility, support to struggling learners, clear and comprehensible instructions, and equity for all learners. There is a consensus on the significance of content, creativity, presentation, proficiency, fluency, and technical quality as criteria in vlog assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Slow tourism has been implemented in rural areas and small towns in China for over a decade. However, the effectiveness of utilizing blogs or vlogs for promoting slow tourism destinations varies significantly. This study explored the reasons for the differences in marketing effectiveness of slow tourism destinations from the perspective of audience resonance. A total of 231 college students participated in the study and PLS-SEM was employed for hypothesis testing. The study results revealed positive impacts of value accord, expectation fitting, and cultural credibility on cognitive resonance. Additionally, there were positive impacts of slowness, self-congruence, and entertainment on emotional resonance. These factors further contribute to audience resonance in slow tourism. Emotional resonance turned out to be the driving factor of audience resonance. In addition, this research has also proved that the degree of resonance is the same whether the information carrier is text, photo, or video. No prior research has quantitatively validated the audience resonance in a slow tourism setting. This study addresses this knowledge gap and adds to the body of knowledge on slow tourism marketing and resonance theory [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the rise in participant-based running video blogs (vlogs), where audiences are brought on runs from the point-of-view of the runner. Examining Irish YouTube channels that create content around trail and mountain running, it focuses on a number of themes, including emotionality, place, and sociability in storytelling. In doing so, it questions the ways in which the activity of filming encapsulates the act of off-road running and the quest for vertiginous experiences. It explores the motivations of content creators, potential tensions with the ethos of alternative sports, and interactivity between producers and viewers. It positions this coverage as unique within the sports media space, providing first-hand, dizzying accounts of a niche sporting activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pavement markings are a key transportation asset and traffic control device that facilitate safe and predictable driving. The effectiveness of pavement markings is dependent on their condition, particularly during nighttime and adverse weather. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has developed regulations to guide minimum pavement marking retroreflectivity levels, which poses a potential challenge to public agencies because the current practice of visual inspection is labor intensive and the results can be subjective. To address the identified challenges and needs of public agencies, the objective of this research is twofold: (1) to serve as a proof of concept for the use of mobile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to locate and assess the pavement markings for selected testing sections by developing and evaluating new automated LiDAR processing algorithms, and (2) to investigate the feasibility of identifying the deterioration trend of the retroreflectivity condition. This study developed a complete pavement marking inventory with retroreflectivity conditions for the 14 selected testing sections and also compared historical and current data to inform the deterioration trends of three types of marking materials, including polyurea, epoxy, and thermoplastic. The findings of this study will guide future phases with a larger selection of testing sections, material types, and roadway characteristics. The outcomes of the series of studies will help better define the benefit-to-cost ratio for different marking materials and eventually lead to the development of public agencies' pavement marking standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fertility preservation incorporates relational and temporal dynamics that have both experimental and conservative dimensions in people's thinking about their reproductive futures, parenthood, and family building. In this article, we discuss video blog (vlog) narratives of people who have publicly documented their experience of preserving their gametes (eggs or sperm). The aim of the study is to examine how people, who are experiencing the prospect of fertility decline or disruption, frame their decision-making about gamete preservation and what this means for their future family building. As such, we organise the data around three demographic groups according to health, career and relationship status, and gender transition. To analyse the vlogs we use composite narratives, a method whereby researchers synthesise data to construct stories based on people's lived experiences, without attributing events or details to particular people. Using this method, we draw on two conceptual tools from the sociology of personal life; relationality and temporal scripts, to highlight how vloggers discuss fertility preservation in relation to time and their experiences to real and imagined others, in making decisions about their reproductive futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastronomic tourism is a developed research stream in tourism studies. Previous literature, however, has mainly shed light either on the micro-context of food itself or on meso-contexts such as heritage and regional food sourcing. Given this situation, previous research has called for examining this aspect of food tourism, aptly named the 'cultural turn' in food tourism. This paper adds to extant theoretical conversations by studying popular international gastronomic tourism videos. As the world becomes increasingly globalized and cultural products suffuse across borders, travellers, particularly those from the Global North, sample and judge local cuisine and this incurs reactions from onlookers. Watched by millions of people, vlogs provide a virtual immersive socio-cultural experience to a tourist site. In this regard, this article asks the following research question: how does the Global North-South divide manifest in vlogged gastronomic tours and what responses do such phenomena provoke among international audiences? Using the approaches of textual analysis, content analysis and sentiment analysis, this study explores the afore-mentioned research question using the canvas of nine gastronomic vlogging tours as played out on YouTube. The authors analyse the most popular food vlogs of all time and use a gamut of more than three hours of video (with more than 215 million views) and more than 128,000 comments. The results show how vlogs may provide authentic cultural experiences and how the Global North-South divide is ameliorated through vlogging gastronomic tours. The question is important not only helpful for guiding destination marketers and tourism service providers about the multifaceted aspects of a destination, but also for understanding how particular social phenomena can foster connections among different peoples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lecture capture videos, a popular type of instructional content used by instructors to share course recordings online, play a significant role in educational settings. Compared to other educational videos, these recordings require minimal time and effort to produce, making them a preferred choice for disseminating course materials. Despite their numerous benefits, there exists a scarcity of data-driven evidence regarding students' use of and engagement with lecture capture videos. Most existing studies rely on self-reported data, lacking comprehensive insights into students' actual video engagement. This research endeavor sought to bridge this gap by investigating university students' engagement patterns while watching lecture capture videos. To achieve this objective, we conducted an analysis of a large-scale dataset comprising over one million rows of video interaction logs. Leveraging clustering and process mining methodologies, we explored the data to reveal valuable insights into students' video engagement behaviors. Our findings indicate that in approximately 60% of students' video-watching sessions, only a small portion of the videos (an average of 7%) is watched. Our results also show that visiting the video page does not necessarily mean that the student watched it. This study may contribute to the existing literature by providing robust data-driven evidence on university students' lecture capture video engagement patterns. It is also expected to contribute methodologically to capturing, preprocessing, and analyzing students' video interactions in different contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of technologies, the Internet has become the primary source of information. In recent years, blogs and videos on the Internet have become the primary source of health-related information. About four out of five people trust the online information posted by anonymous people and access it for their own benefit. More specifically, the simple home remedies or natural remedies for minor health issues available on YouTube gain more attention among all age groups. Numerous viewers not only watch them; they even try or use these remedies personally for magical cures. However, the quality of the information about simple treatments and home remedies available on YouTube may not be accurate, reliable, useful, or trustworthy. Moreover, it is not simple to distinguish reliable information from misleading, false information. Thus, the main objective of this research work is to provide a quality enhanced recommendation of YouTube videos based on the user's preferences. In order to achieve the objective, the proposed work computes the scores for content relevancy and content reliability. The analysis of content reliability is two-fold, with implicit evaluation using structural analysis and explicit evaluation via sentimental analysis on YouTube video comments. The experimental and result analysis performed for the proposed work shows that the predicted ratings and the order of recommendations are more useful and have improved performance on reliability of the video content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Internet technology continues to advance and as various social media platforms proliferate, consumers have gained the ability to distribute video content across a multitude of online channels. A vlog (video blog) is an online video documentary format used by vloggers (video bloggers) to record their daily lives and share their experiences with various products. In recent years, Vloggers who publish vlogs on social media have gained increasing popularity. The use of vlogs to convey product information has received widespread attention, leading an increasing number of companies to consider them part of their marketing mix and actively incorporate them into their marketing strategies. However, it is still unclear which factors influence consumer attitudes while watching vlogs. Therefore, it has become a focus of attention in both academia and the business world to clarify how vlog promotion content influences consumer attitudes and to use vlog promotion to improve consumer attitudes, thereby increasing consumers’ purchase intentions and achieving brand promotion objectives. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the factors that influence consumer attitudes towards vlog promotion content. This article is based on the ABC attitude model theory, and data collected through an online questionnaire survey of Chinese consumers were analysed to statistically verify the relationship between consumers' purchase intentions and factors related to vlog content. The predictor variables included trust in vlog, vlogger popularity, vlogger personal appeal, understanding of vlogger advertised products, vlog content, and frequency of interaction between vlogger and fans. Path analysis revealed that two intermediate variables related to vlogger (cognition and emotion) had a positive impact, and a model was constructed to further examine their influence on consumer behaviour (dependent variable). The research findings of this study reveal that three key factors significantly influence consumer attitudes towards vlog promotion. These factors encompass the understanding of vlogger's advertised products, vlog’s content, and the frequency of interaction between vlogger and fans. For future vlog promotions, it is recommended to augment the vlogger's product knowledge and approachability. To create captivating vlog content, emphasis should be placed on enhancing its entertainment value, establishing personal connections with viewers, and encouraging shareability. Moreover, the vlogger should actively engage with dedicated fans, prioritize valuable fan comments, and foster harmonious relationships. Furthermore, the findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of vlog promotion for various brands and services, providing valuable insights into the content of promotional activities for different brands and services. This highlights the strategic significance of vlog promotion and its relevance in guiding promotional strategies.

This study analyzes the types and functions of code-switching and code-mixing patterns in Cynthia Alambatin's selected vlogs. Specifically, it analyzes the following: (1) The utterances that are code-switched and code-mixed. (2) The types of code-switching and code-mixing patterns are intersentential switching, intrasentential switching, and tagswitching. (3) The patterns of code-switching revealed in terms of the following functions are referential, directive, expressive, phatic, metalinguistic, and poetic. (4) The monograph on language policy/communicative strategy is designed based on the findings. Findings show that, in her vlogs, Ms. Cynthia easily shifts between her native tongue (Boholano-Visayan) and English using code-switching and code-mixing. Many code-switched and code-mixed utterances let her communicate with a wide audience. Throughout her vlogs, Ms. Cynthia, a vlogger, skillfully incorporates various techniques. She employs intrasentential code-mixing to engage in detailed discussions, intrasentential code-switching to introduce individuals or express emotions, and extrasentential code-mixing to discuss specific topics such as cooking techniques. Moreover, Ms. Cynthia communicates facts, directions, and personal experiences well. Although she does not use phatic or poetic functions, these functions engage her audience on various topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews influencer marketing (IM)-research in the tourism and hospitality (H&T) field to provide a state-of-the-art of the past, present, and future of IM-research. It identifies research themes, theoretical underpinnings, and methodologies utilized in IM-research. Seventy-five studies are examined through co-citation, bibliographic coupling and content analysis based on the TCCM (theory/context/characteristics/methodology) framework. Co-citation analysis reveals that IM-research focused on travel blogs, vlogs, celebrity endorsement, influencer authenticity. An assessment of recent studies through bibliographic coupling indicates a partial shift toward the study of more contemporary issues. This field-discipline-focused hybrid-review contributes to literature and practice by presenting the past, present, and future of IM-research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While a rich literature investigates how and why NPOs use social media, research on why they differ in their social media adoption (SMA) is limited. In this paper we examine how NPOs' interorganizational partner portfolio characteristics can enable or constrain their adoption of social media, including blogs and videos, conventional social media (Facebook, Twitter...) and crowd-based platforms (crowdfunding and petitions). Based on a survey distributed to a sample of environmental NPOs in France, results indicate that NPOs having open networks, whose partners are physically distant, and that have more cross-sectoral partners have higher SMA. Network portfolio management can thus make up for a shortage of financial resources to invest in social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of student teachers' reflections initiated and supported by certain reflection prompts such as SAT (Self-Assessment Tool) and vlogs shared on a Google classroom. Within the context of practicum, ten teacher candidates were randomly recruited for the study. Quantitative data were analyzed through SPSS with the purpose of generating a summary of descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were employed in depth-analysis for the interpretation of emerged patterns and themes. In order to understand how collaborative reflections emerged and developed between the student teachers, discussion transcripts were analyzed and coded with discourse analysis. The results indicated that regular and collaborative reflections had important contributions to the participants' teaching practice. Through finding the opportunities of having real classroom teaching experiences, sharing these practices, and getting new perspectives, student teachers have become more cognizant of their beliefs, teaching behaviors, and their teaching settings. On the way of being strong decision-makers of their future teaching, it can be highlighted that through the reflective practices enhanced with peer collaboration, teacher candidates have become more willing in reflecting and sharing their experiences and professional knowledge and more determined in practicing theory to deal with the problems in their classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces an innovative approach to improving speaking proficiency among Korean EFL learners through the use of vlogs, further evaluating their impact on learners' foreign language speaking anxiety (FLSA) and willingness to communicate (WTC). In this semester‐long experiment, 49 university students were divided into an experimental group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 24). The former engaged in vlogging activities, while the latter received traditional instruction devoid of social networking. Data were collected via pre‐ and post‐questionnaires on FLSA and WTC, coupled with pre‐ and posttests assessing speaking skills. Vlogging significantly decreased FLSA and bolstered WTC in Korean EFL learners, demonstrating a marked improvement when contrasted with the control group. Additionally, the experimental group, engaged in vlogging, displayed superior advancement in vocabulary, comprehension, fluency and task proficiency. However, no discernible enhancements were observed in speaking accuracy when compared to the control group. With the evidence of reduced anxiety, increased communication willingness and enhanced speaking proficiency in the vlogging group, this study provides a concrete foundation for EFL teachers to consider integrating vlogging and similar social media‐based activities into language instruction. This approach could contribute to creating more engaging and comfortable learning environments, aiding learners in overcoming affective barriers and improving their language skills. Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic Prior research in second language acquisition probed the impact of social media on diverse language learning areas: vocabulary, intercultural learning, speaking skills, pronunciation and writing skills.Social media‐integrated language learning demonstrated potential in enhancing oral proficiency among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners.Limited research exists exploring the influence of social media, especially vlogging, on EFL learners' speaking skills and affective factors such as Willingness to Communicate (WTC) and speaking anxiety.What this paper adds This study demonstrates that a learning environment cultivated via social media, particularly vlogging, improves speaking proficiency and positively influences affective factors like Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety (FLSA) and WTC.The findings suggest that social media‐integrated speaking activities, specifically vlogging, offer a beneficial and effective pedagogical strategy to ameliorate speaking proficiency, FLSA, and WTC in supportive and non‐intimidating contexts.Implications for practice and/or policy This study offers crucial insights for EFL teachers planning courses to enhance speaking proficiency:The integration of vlogging and similar social media‐based activities into language instruction is strongly supported by the evidence of reduced anxiety, increased communication willingness and enhanced speaking proficiency in the vlogging group. This study provides a concrete foundation for such innovative approaches.The creation of an engaging, interactive and stress‐free learning environment is essential, enabling learners to practice speaking English without anxiety. This approach can also aid learners in overcoming affective barriers and enhancing their language skills.EFL educators should prioritize improving key attitudinal factors, such as anxiety and WTC. These factors significantly contribute to the holistic development of oral proficiency.When incorporating social media‐based speaking activities like vlogging, teachers' targeted feedback on recurring learner mistakes can foster improvements in speaking accuracy.EFL teachers must recognize their critical role in nurturing a supportive, non‐intimidating environment, paving the way for learners to effectively enhance their speaking proficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recurrent foodborne outbreaks associated with low-moisture foods prompted this study to evaluate apple-handling practices presented in apple-drying recipes available to United States consumers, and to explore the food safety implications of the recipes. Because little research is available on the safety of home fruit-drying, we conducted a systematic search of English-language apple-drying recipes from YouTube videos, blog articles, cookbooks, and university extension sources. Our evaluation found that most recipes excluded handwashing instructions, and potential cross-contamination practices were evident in 12% of the videos. Bruised or damaged apples were selected for drying in 16% of the videos, two blogs, and five cookbook recipes. Although more than half the blogs and videos demonstrated pre-treatment procedures, they did so predominantly to minimize browning with almost no mention of antimicrobial benefits. Drying temperature information was missing in 41% of the videos and 35% of the cookbooks that we evaluated. Even when temperatures were mentioned, most were insufficient for pathogen reduction according to the recommendations of previous studies. These videos, blogs, and cookbooks commonly advocated subjective indicators instead of unit measurements when slicing apples and checking for doneness. Our findings reveal the need for drastic improvements in food safety information dissemination to home apple-dryers and recipe developers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze how vloggers use interactions of different modalities in transnational travel vlogs on YouTube to draw audiences' attentions, as well as the impact of the socio-cultural context on the discourse of these vlogs and the represented city images. This research project adopts a multimodal approach by using a new analytical framework based on provenance symbols in semiotics, appraisal systems, and visual grammar in linguistics as theoretical foundations. Our research findings show that there are four dominant themes, including nature enjoyment, landmark visiting and street wandering, food tasting, and infrastructure evaluation in these vlogs. North American full-time vloggers with advanced skills and rich experience are the main contributors, which may lead to a fixed and biased representation of city images. The mechanism of city image formation, from cities' physical existence to foreign viewers' perception via transnational travel vlogs, has also been illustrated. The city image exists in a dynamic landscape where online opinion leaders also hold significant discourse power. Though becoming more visible, cities are facing challenges related to the increasing homogenization of mediated images. The research findings also have practical implications for redefining approaches to the international communication of city images to diverse stakeholders including city administrators and travel vloggers. This paper expands the scope of research on urban communication by adopting a comparative and global perspective. The new analytical framework can serve as a reference for future studies on new media content. Furthermore, the systematic mechanism of city image formation presented contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of new media in the international communication of city images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Code-switching occurs frequently in bilingual and multilingual families' daily communications. One of the bilingual families in Indonesia is the Nana Mirdad family. In Nana Mirdad's daily life, she often does code-switching on her video blogs. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to determine the types of codeswitching found in Nana Mirdad's video blogs on her YouTube Channel, The White's Family. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method to evaluate the data, and the theories of Poplack (1980) and Romaine (1995) were applied. According to the findings of this research, 117 pieces of information about the various forms of code-switching in Nana Mirdad's video blogs were uncovered. The dominant type of code-switching found on Nana Mirdad's video blogs on her YouTube Channel is Intra-sentential switching with occurrences of (49,6%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using information technology in the classroom is now seen as students’ most effective teaching approach. They could acquire a particular knowledge more rapidly after playing a particular game. This way of learning is more readily accepted than the explanation provided by the instructor. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of project-based learning to the consumption of economics-related content on YouTube. Not only did this kind of instruction result in the production of video content for educational purposes, but it also benefited students in gaining a theoretical and practical grasp of economics by establishing it on actual events that occurred in the real world. With the quantitative method of t-analysis, when compared to other methods, the results of this study demonstrated that vlogging as a means of education had a substantial impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child social media influencers, colloquially known as "kidfluencers," have skyrocketed to fame alongside the growth of social media. However, traditional child labor laws do not consider online influencing "work" or these kids to be "child performers." Thus, these children do not receive any form of legal protection for their presence online, leaving them open to exploitation and severe harms. This Note explores the lack of protection provided to kidfluencers, ultimately proposing a new federal labor law to expand child actor protections to kidfluencers. Part I of this Note provides a brief history of the landscape by reviewing landmark Supreme Court cases on the rights of the child, detailing the introduction of child labor laws and child actor protections, and surveying the meteoric rise of social media and "family vlogging" in the field of child labor. Part II explores the potential harms that kidfluencers could face due to the lack of regulation in the "family vlogging" field. Part III proposes a reform for the current legal schema to protect child influencers, ultimately culminating in a new federal labor law expanding current protections to protect child actors and introducing a privacy aspect to preserve children's right to consent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: As independent travel has become increasingly popular in recent years, factors influencing users' attitudes and behaviors should be explored. Besides, the rise of video platforms like YouTube, Bilibili and TikTok has led to the flourishing of user generated content (UGC), among which travel vlogs have become convenient and essential references for tourists before and while they travel on their own. Design/methodology/approach: This research used quantitative analysis through a survey designed for young people, as most vlog viewers are in those age groups, to explore the attitudes and perceptions of vlog preference, attitudes and cognizance of travel vlogs among different gender, guided by the decision-making theory and preference theory with 455 participants. Findings: Survey results showed that both genders have common choices regarding travel vlog preference, attitudes, sharing and cognizance. Yet, gender differences appear in some cognition of travel vlogs and specific preferences, such as information searching habits, trusty travel and information sources. Originality/value: Existing studies focus on the influence of platforms on users, but scant studies focus on user perceptions of vlogs as a new information carrier for young people in East Asia, especially regarding gender differences, which is crucial in media-based marketing. This research provides practical suggestions to marketers and vloggers to attract and engage different genders of young people and theoretical implications on decision and preference theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Ühingu Aastaraamat is the property of Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhing (ERU) / Estonian Association for Applied Linguistics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explains how teachers can use educational vlogging as a tool to facilitate students' reflective practice in primary schools. Vlogging is a short duration video recording that engages the learner in critical self-reflection. The widespread accessibility of digital devices in Irish schools offer primary teachers opportunities to use vlogging as a tool to enable students to reflect on their learning, and gather learning analytics that provide insight into the learning process. The Educational Entrepreneurial Approach (EEA) (Crotty, 2014) to action research was employed to show how examining a Covid-19 school news broadcasting project provided the rationale for developing and creating an e-learning course. This course consisted of fifteen educational videos that aimed to enable teachers to facilitate student vlogging in a disadvantaged primary school. Research data was gathered through reflective journaling and validated through meetings between me as researcher (Author 1), my Supervisor (Author 2), and fellow students on the MSc. in Education and Training Management (eLearning) colleagues – hereafter referred to as MEME. Findings offer insights into the benefits and limitations of educational vlogging and detail how creating the e-learning course, Vlogging in the Primary School, was transformative for me and for the school. The outcomes indicate that educational vlogging can potentially benefit teachers and students in Irish primary schools and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students often perceive school science as purely theoretical, overloaded with facts, and mostly disconnected from their school, home, and community life. One way to bridge the disconnection between school science and lived experiences, and support students in realizing the relevance of science to their everyday life, is by enabling them to integrate their funds of knowledge (FoK), the knowledge and expertise people have because of their roles in their families, communities, and culture, within science. To support students in this task, we developed Together with Science, a series of Vlogs (video blogs) designed to guide families and students through home‐based experiments and support the emergence of a third space, where science and everyday life intersect. The Vlogs provided the necessary scientific background for the experiments and encouraged participants to share aspects of their lived experiences and reflect upon the realization of scientific phenomena in their lives. Using videotaped discussions of students and family members, we examined the interactions between them, as well as the FoK addressed in the conversation. The results indicate that multiple types of interactions emerged between students and family members, as they jointly conducted the science experiments and discussed their findings. Shifts in these interactions were associated with the development of a shared third space, in which both students and family members were able to concurrently relate everyday life to the scientific phenomenon. Most FoK were associated with participants' homes and culture. Our results suggest that family members can serve as brokers to support their children in realizing the relationship between science and their everyday life, by bringing in their unique FoK into the scientific discussion, and highlighting the importance of thoughtfully designed learning environments to support them in the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Migracyjne Przegląd Polonijny is the property of Wydzial Studiow Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych UJ oraz Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The impact of vlogging tourism on Generation Z can be significant. Vlogging allows young people to explore different cultures, destinations, and experiences from the comfort of their screens. It can inspire wanderlust, promote cultural exchange, and encourage a sense of adventure. However, it's important to balance virtual exploration with real-life experiences and ensure that the portrayal of travel is authentic and responsible. Vlogging tourism is a real game-changer for Generation Z. It has given them the opportunity to explore new worlds and connect with different cultures through engaging video content. In addition, it has stimulated young people's creativity and adventurous spirit, encouraging them to share their own experiences and inspire other young people to get out into the world and discover the beauty of travel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foodborne outbreaks have been associated with tree nuts and nut-related products that include a soaking step. A content analysis of consumer-shared recipes for soaking tree nuts and subsequently preparing nut-based dairy analogs was conducted to explore consumer handling practices and evaluate available food safety information. A keyword search was performed on YouTube and Google for videos and blogs, respectively. Recipes (n = 505) were coded for general characteristics, handling practices, and food safety messages. Of the 465 recipes that included a soaking step, 76% (353) included soaking for >8 h or overnight, and 17% (79) soaked at room temperature or warmer. Among the 66 recipes that included dried soaked nuts, 22 (33%) specified drying below 65°C (150°F). In recipes that included a fermentation step (212), commercial probiotics (63%; 133) were the most common starter culture, and the most frequently cited (14%; 30) temperature and time combination was 20 to 35°C (68 to 95°F) for 24 to 48 h. Of all the analyzed recipes, 49% (99) of videos and 30% (84) of blogs lacked food safety messages. These findings will aid development of sciencebased validation studies and educational materials for consumers and content creators for safe preparation of homemade soaked tree nut products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although travel vlogs have recently been adopted as digital marketing tools to promote tourist spots, relatively little is known about which attributes of travel vlogs and how these attributes motivate audiences to travel. This study emphasizes the importance of information conveyed by the content of travel vlogs and aims to explore how the information quality (information usefulness, ease of use, and comprehensiveness) in travel vlogs affects audience travel intention through presence, enjoyment, and flow experience. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is adopted to analyze data collected from 241 respondents who had experience with watching travel vlogs. The results indicate that the three facets of information quality positively influence travel intention through the mediating role of presence, enjoyment, and flow experience. The total effect of information comprehensiveness on travel intention is the strongest, followed by information usefulness and ease of use orderly. The findings extend the literature on travel vlogs by validating the role of information quality in travel vlogs. In line with this, travel vlog creators are suggested to pay attention to information management when making vlogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the past several decades, technology has allowed us to create digital human beings that both resemble actual celebrities (living or deceased) or entirely virtual personalities from scratch. In the near future, this technology is expected to become even more advanced and widespread to the point where there may be entirely virtual celebrities who are just as popular as their flesh-and-blood counterparts--if not more so. This raises intellectual property questions of how these near-future digital actors and musicians should be classified, and who will receive the proceeds from their performances and appearances. Since, in the near-term, these entities will probably not develop sentience akin to an artificial general intelligence, they will essentially function as software licensed out to execute tasks on various entertainment projects--be it acting in a movie or delivering a performance on stage or in the metaverse. As such, this paper proposes that virtual celebrities be classified as software, and their owners (either corporate or individual) should enjoy copyright protections for their use, and image and name trademark protections in case they are unlawfully copied by third parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following a rich introductory chapter on the advantages and disadvantages of digital media work for women comedians, the book explores how, and to what ends, women comedians use various media. I Women Comedians in the Digital Age i provides a fascinating, detailed, and nuanced look at the ways in which women comedians leverage work in digital media to build their careers. Women Comedians in the Digital Age: Media Work and Critical Reputations After Trump: by Alex Symons, New York, Routledge, 2023, 208 pp., £34.99 (paperback), ISBN: 978-1032215020. [Extracted from the article]

I use the narrative method, The Listening Guide, to investigate Hijabi girlhood on YouTube through the girl-created trend #MyHijabStory that emerged in response to public misunderstanding of Hijab. The voice analysis examines how gendered subjectivities of Hijabi girlhood are constructed among narratives of piety, culture, fashion, community, and marginalization. I identified three voices: the convicted voice; the conflicted voice; and the critical voice. The first two involve looking inward and realizing multifaceted stories of coming to Hijab while the third involves looking outward to trouble the social world in which Hijabi girlhood is constituted through dominant discourses. I illustrate that #MyHijabStory vlogs are forms of narrative resistance by girls who seek to produce a public pedagogy of Hijab that is complex and embodied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active learning (AL) is a well‐known teaching method in engineering because it allows to foster learning and critical thinking of the students by employing debate, hands‐on activities, and experimentation. However, most educational results of this instructional method have been achieved in face‐to‐face educational settings and less has been said about how to promote AL and experimentation for online engineering education. Then, the main aim of this study was to create an AL methodology to learn electronics, physical computing (PhyC), programming, and basic robotics in engineering through hands‐on activities and active experimentation in online environments. N = 56 students of two engineering programs (Technology in Electronics and Industrial Engineering) participated in the methodology that was conceived using the guidelines of the integrated course design model (ICDM) and in some courses combining mobile and online learning with an Android app. The methodology gathered three main components: (1) In‐home laboratories performed through low‐cost hardware devices, (2) Student‐created videos and blogs to evidence the development of skills, and (3) Teacher support and feedback. Data in the courses were collected through surveys, evaluation rubrics, semistructured interviews, and students' grades and were analyzed through a mixed approach. The outcomes indicate a good perception of the PhyC and programming activities by the students and suggest that these influence motivation, self‐efficacy, reduction of anxiety, and improvement of academic performance in the courses. Even, the PhyC activities can reduce the differences in academic performance between women and male students and promote their improvement toward excellence with better results for courses combining online and mobile learning. Similarly, women students preferred to use more often tutoring services and had a better perception of the teacher's feedback than their male pairs. The methodology and previous results can be useful for researchers and practitioners interested in developing AL methodologies or strategies in engineering with online, mobile, or blended learning modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]