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Over the course of the last two centuries, Northern Rough‐winged Swallows (Stelgidopteryx serripennis) have expanded their range across the North American continent but have remained a relatively poorly known species. In this paper, I discuss two aspects of their nature history that has received little attention. First, I document an instance of Northern Rough‐winged Swallows digging their own burrow, which was for the better part of the last century considered a behavior that was either lost or never occurred in the first place. Second, I review the natural history literature to document qualitative patterns evident in their expansion over the last two centuries. In doing so, I define three potentially useful concepts that can he applied to understand species' range shifts: an Expansion Chronology, which is a spatiotemporal map of a range shift; the concept of Vagrancy‐induced Range Expansion, where a species undergoes repeated movements outside of their typical geographic range (defined as vagrancy events), leading to the regular occurrence in a new region (e.g., regular overwintering or nonbreeding occurrences); and the concept of Vagrancy‐induced Long‐distance Dispersal, which is specifically expansion of a species' breeding range following repeated vagrancy events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This note considers some of the reporting on Highland Gypsy Travellers by journalists writing in northern Scottish newspapers in the mid- and late-nineteenth century and illustrates the nature and extent of prejudices against this group. It shows how these prejudices were displayed even by those who advocated for Highlanders, opposed oppression and showed sympathy towards the plight of Travellers. These include Hugh Miller, writing in the Inverness Courier, John Mackie in the John o' Groat Journal and Northern Ensign, and Thomas Mulock in the Inverness Advertiser. These writers, while rejecting the claim that there were innate differences between 'races of men', generally held that some peoples had fallen into a 'degraded state' from which it was the duty of Christians to rescue them. This was similar to the approach often taken towards colonised peoples, for example towards First Nations children in Canada. The note briefly considers two areas of legislation which had an impact in Highland Gypsy Travellers – the Vagrancy Act, extended to Scotland in 1871, and the Education Acts of the 1870s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Migratory birds accomplish remarkable feats of long-distance navigation. Vagrants, few individuals who migrate to incorrect locations, reveal conditions where orientation and navigation fail. Studies of vagrancy on a continental scale reveal the importance of external factors such as strong winds driving birds off course, clouds obscuring migratory landmarks, and natural disruptions in the Earth’s magnetic field interfering with migratory orientation. Species may also possess characteristics that make them more prone to vagrancy. The external drivers of vagrancy on a smaller scale are less understood. Methods I used eBird, a community science dataset comprising millions of bird observations, to study land passerines observed over the Pacific Ocean, here termed offshore vagrants. These data present the opportunity to study a particular case of vagrancy: small-scale displacement into highly inhospitable areas. I modeled how season, wind, lack of visibility, interference with magnetoreception, and species differences may predict offshore vagrancy. Then, I modeled how species vagrancy likelihood is predicted by morphological and life history traits. Results Vagrancy was more common in the fall and positively associated with stronger tail winds in the spring. Species with greater preference for understory foraging habitat were less likely to occur as vagrants. Species vagrancy likelihood was higher in birds with a longer migration distance and rounded wings, but the relationship was weaker in birds with a pointed wings. Brown-headed Cowbirds were the most common offshore species in terms of absolute number of records and proportional to onshore frequency. Conclusions Offshore community science records proved revealing of mechanisms for small scale vagrancy in passerines. Offshore vagrancy can be driven by wind drift in the spring, but not in the fall despite higher overall levels of vagrancy. Life history characteristics like foraging habitat preference and migration duration may make some species more vulnerable to the effects of wind drift. Species with longer migrations may have more time to encounter vagrancy causing events, but greater aerodynamic efficiency may counteract this effect.

This research is based on an introduction, four chapters, and a conclusion. The first chapter deals with the linguistic and technical meaning of the term "vagrancy", and the second chapter deals with the origin of this term, its synonyms, meanings, and connotations. As for the third chapter, it includes the meanings and reasons for the term "vagrancy" in the four eras: pre-Islamic, Islamic, Umayyad, and Abbasid, and how this term differs from one era to another according to economic, social, and political changes, in addition to the use of poets in the modern era, those vagabonds, as symbols of revolution and rebellion against injustice and tyranny, which prevails in the world at all times and places. The conclusion, the research showed that the reasons that led to the existence of vagabondage in ancient times, from poverty, injustice, oppression, tyranny, and deprivation, are the same as what the oppressed and subjugated Arab peoples suffer today, and how much we need today the chivalry and generosity of yesterday's vagabonds such as "Urwa bin al-Ward" and "Tabat Sharran" to achieve social justice, and revolt against injustice and tyranny for the sake of freedom and a dignified life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the rights and protections enshrined in its new constitution, the West German state confined beggars, alcoholics, convicted prostitutes and vagrants in workhouses on criminal sentences until 1969. Using administrative and inmate files, alongside local press coverage, this article turns to the largest remaining workhouse in West Germany, Brauweiler, between 1950 and 1969 and considers the internment of women arrested under the 'correctional post‐internment' measure. It explores the gendered experiences of workhouse inmates, from the reasons for their internment to the reproduction of gendered boundaries during incarceration. Rather than providing an institutional history, it considers the micro‐perspective of inmate experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reconstructs the earliest known movement for sex workers' rights in US history. It interprets collective assertions of due process as a strategy to overturn vagrancy laws, which permitted municipal officials to summarily commit 'common prostitutes' to the penitentiary for months. Mass arrests sparked an anticarceral movement of 'streetwalkers' who refused to be contained. Unlike the middle‐class Woman's Rights Movement, which sought equal rights for their own sake, streetwalkers acted to build a world in which they could control their own labour, have sex without punishment and move freely through their city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Migratory birds accomplish remarkable feats of long-distance navigation. Vagrants, few individuals who migrate to incorrect locations, reveal conditions where orientation and navigation fail. Studies of vagrancy on a continental scale reveal the importance of external factors such as strong winds driving birds off course, clouds obscuring migratory landmarks, and natural disruptions in the Earth's magnetic field interfering with migratory orientation. Species may also possess characteristics that make them more prone to vagrancy. The external drivers of vagrancy on a smaller scale are less understood. Methods: I used eBird, a community science dataset comprising millions of bird observations, to study land passerines observed over the Pacific Ocean, here termed offshore vagrants. These data present the opportunity to study a particular case of vagrancy: small-scale displacement into highly inhospitable areas. I modeled how season, wind, lack of visibility, interference with magnetoreception, and species differences may predict offshore vagrancy. Then, I modeled how species vagrancy likelihood is predicted by morphological and life history traits. Results: Vagrancy was more common in the fall and positively associated with stronger tail winds in the spring. Species with greater preference for understory foraging habitat were less likely to occur as vagrants. Species vagrancy likelihood was higher in birds with a longer migration distance and rounded wings, but the relationship was weaker in birds with a pointed wings. Brown-headed Cowbirds were the most common offshore species in terms of absolute number of records and proportional to onshore frequency. Conclusions: Offshore community science records proved revealing of mechanisms for small scale vagrancy in passerines. Offshore vagrancy can be driven by wind drift in the spring, but not in the fall despite higher overall levels of vagrancy. Life history characteristics like foraging habitat preference and migration duration may make some species more vulnerable to the effects of wind drift. Species with longer migrations may have more time to encounter vagrancy causing events, but greater aerodynamic efficiency may counteract this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Albatrosses are renowned for their high philopatry, which has been proposed as a major barrier to their dispersal and hybridization with other albatross species. Except for shy-type albatross species from New Zealand, examples of colonization of new breeding sites and interbreeding with closely related species are rare. During the austral summer of 2022, while conducting land-based monitoring of resident Black-browed (Thalassarche melanophris) and Grey-headed (T. chrysostoma) albatross populations on the Diego Ramírez Islands, Chile (56 S), we documented the first (and southernmost) breeding record of a nesting pair of White-capped Albatross (T. steadi), a species endemic to the Auckland Islands, New Zealand (~ 7000 km away). The species identity was confirmed through molecular analysis. This discovery underscores the importance of Diego Ramírez and its surrounding waters as a hotspot for global albatross conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Over the course of the last two centuries, Northern Rough‐winged Swallows (Stelgidopteryx serripennis) have expanded their range across the North American continent but have remained a relatively poorly known species. In this paper, I discuss two aspects of their nature history that has received little attention. First, I document an instance of Northern Rough‐winged Swallows digging their own burrow, which was for the better part of the last century considered a behavior that was either lost or never occurred in the first place. Second, I review the natural history literature to document qualitative patterns evident in their expansion over the last two centuries. In doing so, I define three potentially useful concepts that can he applied to understand species' range shifts: an Expansion Chronology, which is a spatiotemporal map of a range shift; the concept of Vagrancy‐induced Range Expansion, where a species undergoes repeated movements outside of their typical geographic range (defined as vagrancy events), leading to the regular occurrence in a new region (e.g., regular overwintering or nonbreeding occurrences); and the concept of Vagrancy‐induced Long‐distance Dispersal, which is specifically expansion of a species' breeding range following repeated vagrancy events.

This article focuses on the evolution of the concept of vagrancy in Russia during the period between the second half of the 17th to the first half of the 19th centuries. A set of legislative acts defining vagrants as a separate social group are analyzed. The stages and causes that underlie the transformation of the concept of vagrancy in the state discourse of the Russian Empire are singled out, systematized, and described. A qualitative shift in the Russian state’s perception and understanding of vagrancy as a multifaceted phenomenon is revealed. Based on the results obtained, it is shown that the evolution of vagrancy unfolded in three stages. In the first stage (from the second half of the 17th to the first quarter of the 18th centuries), this concept had no legal status. In the second stage (from the second quarter to the end of the 18th century), vagrancy was gradually introduced into the official legal space of Russia. The third stage (the first half of the 19th century) was marked by the criminalization of this concept in Russian criminal legislation. The key indicators of this process were the introduction of the passport system, the discussions circulating in the Russian public around the status of fugitive people, the recognition of people «who do not remember their kinship» as a social group, and the efforts to curb poverty. The conclusions drawn contribute immensely to the development of historiographic research, as the concept of vagrancy and its formation have escaped the attention of most scholars and remain insufficiently explored.

The article discusses various aspects of night watch patrols and police practices in places such as Boston, Massachusetts during America's early republic era, and it mentions how the activities of night watchmen became part of the everyday, common, quotidian state of affairs. According to the article, watchmen were integral in stopping disorderly behavior, as well as assisting with people without lodging. Crime, vagrancy, and nuisance are assessed.

This article explores a collection of circa 400 applications for 'begging letters' conserved in the archives of the Privy Council of the Austrian Netherlands from the late 1760s to the early 1780s. Such Lettres de Quête were issued in the name of the Habsburg monarch to subjects who had lost their possessions to fire or other natural disasters, and allowed their bearers to travel around begging. By means of a qualitative reading of the materials, the article uncovers underlying administrative procedures while throwing light on the social selectivity, practices and gains associated with this little-known phenomenon. By demonstrating that such 'begging letters' were customary policy practice, as they probably were in neighbouring countries, it signals their importance as an early modern mode of disaster relief and highlights their ambiguous role as a policy paradox in the context of increasing criminalisation of begging and vagrancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the Polish police narrative on Roma during the interwar time, unveiling attitudes and potential practices. According to the police journals and handbooks, Roma were mobile and disposed to theft and deceit. Their traditional crafts were merely a smoke screen for illicit activities. As countermeasures, searches of caravans, meticulous checks of identity documents, indiscriminate fingerprinting of Roma suspects, among several measures, were recommended. This narrative constituted part of a larger police professional discourse and is likely to be an indicator of practices on Roma. Polish police followed the contemporary European expertise on Roma produced by the fields of criminalistics and criminology. As there were no discriminatory laws targeting Roma in Poland, it appears that police used legislation against begging and vagrancy, among other tactics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 16 May 2021, a storm petrel was photographed on a pelagic trip in the Benguela Current off Cape Town, South Africa, exhibiting the diagnostic features of Pincoya Storm Petrel Oceanites pincoyae. This sighting occurred far from other records, the closest being approximately 7500 km away. The record, therefore, requires us to reassess our understanding of the movements and ecology of Pincoya Storm Petrel, which was previously known only from shallow waters in fjords and adjacent seas in south-central Chile. Pincoya Storm Petrel is considered Data Deficient by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the breeding range remains unknown, and the population was estimated to number only around 3000 individuals. While Pincoya Storm Petrel is recognised as a valid species by the International Ornithological Congress (IOC), eBird/Clements checklists, and the South American Classification Committee, its taxonomic status has been questioned. This sighting of a bird with all the features of Pincoya Storm Petrel distant from previous sightings, and in a markedly different ecological setting, may lead us to re-evaluate our understanding of species limits and phenotypic variation in Oceanites storm petrels. Further research to collect phenotypic, phylogenetic, and phenological data will allow us to re-examine species boundaries in Oceanites and enhance our understanding of this fascinating genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring the work of M.S. Gore and the Delhi School of Social Work on Delhi's 'Beggar Problem', which was published in 1959, this article shows how the ostensibly 'secular' solutions to the phenomenon were premised on a series of assumptions about caste-oriented mores and traditions of religious gifting, suggesting normative categories of citizenship based around these forms of identity. The article explores, in depth, the sociological approaches of Gore's (and others') study of beggary and argues that the emergent social policy on vagrancy connected to emergent concepts of social citizenship and rights to welfare. In the body of the reformable beggar receiving indiscriminate religious charity lay one of the core symbols of India's drive towards a modern citizenry. This position on the sociology of beggars was also the product of two larger processes at work in mid twentieth century social sciences: firstly, the development of interdisciplinary approaches by anthropologists and sociologists as they came to terms with new research challenges in democratic India, and secondly, the move to consider new forms of direct social policy applications for research, via government sponsorship. Using Gore's study, the article looks in detail at researchers' concerns with labour productivity, religious charity and the possible secular forms of beggar rehabilitation. But ultimately, the School of Social Work's study, in its apparent critique of draconian colonial controls, did not overturn the continued application of Indian anti-beggary laws in subsequent decades. This article argues that this was a product too of its configuration of social welfare as an outcome of longer-term societal change rather than state policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sightings of vagrant walruses in Europe have been known since historic times, yet whether this phenomenon remains constant or changes over time is unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive cross-reference of information on vagrant walruses observed in temperate Europe (below 61° N) between 1923 and 2022 utilising data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility depository. In addition, we conducted an online search of records from the last ten years, resulting in a detailed reconstruction of the movements of the most recently observed individuals. We estimated that between 31 and 36 different individuals have been observed over the last century, with most of these likely originating from the Svalbard region and only a few from Greenland. A comparison in the yearly number of records showed a significant increase over time, suggesting that vagrant walruses reach Europe as a result of a combination of climatic and meteorological events as well as of demographic changes in the populations of the North Atlantic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide information on vagrant and visitor bird species recorded in the Fildes Region (King George Island, South Shetlands, Antarctic) during the long-term bird monitoring programme between the 1979–1980 and 2022–2023 seasons. The total ice-free territory covers approximately 35 km2, making it one of the largest ice-free areas in the Western Antarctic Peninsula region. In addition to 13 breeding and one potentially breeding bird species, we recorded 28 non-breeding bird species. Of these non-breeding bird species, we defined 18 as vagrants and 10 as visitors. The vagrant and visitor bird species recorded were representatives of the families Spheniscidae, Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Pelecanoididae, Laridae, Ardeidae, Scolopacidae, and Anatidae. Furthermore, we include information on the frequency of observations of bird species that do not breed in the study area. Most frequently observed were white-rumped sandpiper, cattle egret, emperor penguin, macaroni penguin, and king penguin. These data contribute to knowledge of rare birds in the Antarctic. Together with similar studies, this information may provide valuable clues to unusual environmental conditions that allow vagrants to reach regions beyond their usual distribution range. Furthermore, long-term data on rare bird sightings can indicate a potential expansion of the breeding range of individual species. Such studies may be relevant for the evaluation of environmental changes that are already occurring as a result of current climate change, e.g., changes in sea ice cover or food web structures.

Vagrancy is the occurrence of individuals outside the normal geographic range of their species. These rare and unpredictable events have long been neglected by the scientific community, belying a growing body of evidence that vagrancy can have an important role in eco-evolutionary processes at both population and community scales. Vagrancy is the occurrences of individuals outside the normal geographic range of their species. These rare and unpredictable events have long been neglected by the scientific community, belying a growing body of evidence that vagrancy can have an important role in eco-evolutionary processes at both population and community scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trashumante. Revista Americana de Historia Social is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent decades, several explanations for vagrancy of North Asian bird species in Europe have been suggested. The explanations can typically be divided into two, non‐exclusive groups. Some cite weather factors as the primary cause of vagrancy, whereas others hypothesize an internal defect behind the phenomenon. In addition, some authors also suggest climate‐driven range expansion following breeding population increase as a contributing factor. In recent years, studies have been published that have provided clear evidence for the origin of vagrant birds, as well as the reasons for their vagrancy. Here we summarize current knowledge and conclude that weather, habitat use, feeding habit, breeding success and climate change are important factors that affect the vagrancy of birds, together with the number of observers playing an important role in contributing data. In the future, advances in technology such as the development of tracking systems and the extensive use of stable isotopes will make it possible to explain the causes of vagrancy more precisely, so further research in this area of ornithology is essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the work of Chilean writer Carmen Berenguer and her representation of hunger strikes and vagabondage as forms of resistance and writing in repressive contexts. Berenguer uses writing on cell walls as a way to represent the incarcerated body and censorship during the dictatorship in Chile. Her work reflects the transformation of the hunger striker into the vagabond, as an expression of the rhetoric of consensus in post-dictatorial democracy. The article highlights the importance of writing as a form of resistance and representation in different repressive contexts. [Extracted from the article]

In the early 19th century, the British colonial state in Sri Lanka embarked on an experiment in deploying convict labour for salt collecting. 'Criminals' from all parts of the island region convicted mainly for robbery and vagrancy and sentenced to hard labour by various courts of justice, were sent to an isolated outpost in the district of Hambantota in the deep south of Sri Lanka to labour at a naturally formed saltern known as the Maha Levaya. Executive, judicial, and administrative actors of the state played a key role in mobilising and immobilising the convicts at the saltern in order to fulfil the dual functions of punishment and profit. This paper contends that the inter-regional and local practice of im/mobilizing convicts to worksites as seen in Hambantota was a microspatial process of punishment, exile and labour extraction that was integral to larger processes of social control and labour coercion. However, despite the attempts at confining the convict labour force at the saltern through military and judicial means, the men condemned to labour for salt resisted the conditions of servitude through multiple strategies ranging from flight to evasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four Pallas’s leaf warblers (Phylloscopus proregulus) were captured at Durankulak ringing camp, NE Bulgaria, in frames of four days between 12 and 16 October 2022. The species is a rare vagrant in Bulgaria and neighbouring Balkan countries. It has not been captured and ringed neither at Durankulak nor elsewhere in Bulgaria until now. Annual population fluctuations and weather conditions are discussed as possible explanations for that influx.

Inland vagrancy and overland dispersal by seabirds are rare phenomena for which the causes and consequences are poorly understood. Studying inland occurrences of seabirds is important because continental land masses form barriers to dispersal of genes and parasites; thus, the permeability of land barriers influences the extent to which seabird populations evolve on separate trajectories and co-evolve with distinct parasite faunas. The boobies (Sula spp.) are a clade of saltwater-obligate species occurring in tropical and subtropical oceans. Booby species tend to exhibit population genetic structure among oceanic regions. Although they rarely wander inland, the Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster) has occurred numerous times as a vagrant in interior North America. Previous inland records from far western North America originated from Pacific populations (subspecies brewsteri), whereas those from eastern and midwestern North America originated from Caribbean populations (subspecies leucogaster). In this paper, we describe 2 new specimens of S. leucogaster, first state records for New Mexico and Colorado, salvaged from localities nearly equidistant from Pacific and Caribbean source populations. We used mitochondrial DNA sequences to conclusively demonstrate that both specimens originated in the Caribbean. We next examined the helminth parasite fauna of the 2 S. leucogaster specimens and an inland-vagrant Blue-footed Booby (S. nebouxii) from New Mexico. The guts of these boobies contained a suite of helminths, including multiple freshwater-obligate taxa. Based on our findings, we suggest that susceptibility to freshwater parasites may cause overland dispersal to fail for boobies, or other seabirds. Thus, freshwater parasites may contribute to explaining the relative rarity of transcontinental dispersal, maintenance of strong inter-ocean population genetic structure, phylogenetic conservatism of specialization on salt-water habitats, and the strictly pelagic distributions of ocean-dwelling species from several avian families. La errancia y dispersión en tierra adentro de las aves marinas son fenómenos raros cuyas causas y consecuencias se entienden poco. Estudiar registros en tierra adentro de aves marinas es importante ya que las masas continentales forman barreras a la dispersión de genes y parásitos; por lo tanto, la permeabilidad de las barreras terrestres influye en qué tanto las poblaciones de aves evolucionan en trayectorias distintas y co-evolucionan con faunas parásitas distintas. Los alcatraces (Sula spp.) constituyen un clado de especies obligadas de agua salada que se encuentran en oceános tropicales y subtropicales. Las especies de alcatraces tienden a exhibir estructura genética poblacional entre regiones oceánicas. Aunque raramente deambula en tierra firme, el alcatraz pardo (Sula leucogaster) se ha reportado muchas veces como errante en tierra adentro de Norteamérica. Previos reportes de tierra adentro en el lejano oeste Norteamericano se originaron de poblaciones del Pacífico (subespecies brewsteri), mientras que los del este y el medioeste de Norteamérica se originan de poblaciones del Caribe (subespecie leucogaster). En este artículo, describimos 2 especímenes nuevos de S. leucogaster, primeros registros estatales para Nuevo México y Colorado, procedentes de localidades casi equidistantes de poblaciones fuente de Pacífico y el Caribe. Utilizamos secuencias de ADN mitocondrial para mostrar conclusivamente que ambos especímenes se originaron en el Caribe. Luego, examinamos la fauna de helmintos parásitos de ambos especímenes de S. leucogaster y de un alcatraz de patas azules (S. nebouxii) que vagaba tierra adentro en Nuevo México. Los intestinos de estos alcatraces contenían una serie de helmintos, incluyendo varios taxa obligadas de agua dulce. Con base en nuestros hallazgos, sugerimos que la susceptibilidad a los parásitos de agua dulce puede ocasionar que la dispersión en tierra adentro no sea exitosa para los alcatraces u otras aves marinas. Por lo tanto, los parásitos de agua dulce pueden contribuir a explicar la relativa rareza de la dispersión transcontinental, el mantenimiento de la fuerte estructura genética inter-oceánica, la conservación filogenética de la especialización en hábitats de agua salada y la distribución estrictamente pelágica de especies oceánicas pertenecientes a varias familias de aves. Palabras clave: agua dulce, errancia, espécimen, helmintos, parásito, Sula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two species of Arrhenes Mabille are recorded from Torres Strait, Queensland: Arrhenes marnas marnas (C. Felder) was first reported from Dauan and Saibai Islands in 2021, and Arrhenes dschilus dschilus (Plötz) is recorded here for the first time from Boigu Island. On the three islands the two species were all collected in lowland habitats of tall grasses. Based on the infrequent sightings of the two taxa, despite some robust collecting undertaken on two of the islands, it is possible that the two Arrhenes species (a total of 7 specimens thus far collected) may not be permanently established in Torres Strait and perhaps are intermittent, due to temporary establishments by incursions of vagrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 13 January 2019, an individual Oriental turtle dove (Streptopelia orientalis Latham, 1790) was recorded. The species is shortly observed during tree-perching in an intensive agricultural landscape near Temerin Town, Vojvodina Province, Northern Serbia. The observed dove was a putative juvenile bird belonging to the subspecies meena. This finding represents the first observation of the Oriental turtle dove and the sixth native species from the order of Columbiformes recorded in Serbia.

The present study analyses Roberto Bolaño’s engagement with marginality in the novels The Savage Detectives and 2666, via the conventions of the noir genre. The aesthetics of the peripheral, the poetics of triviality, vagrancy, bohemian wanderlust, and enigmatic rituals are performed in an inimitable personal style that problematizes issues pertaining to the theory of literature and the theory of the novel. Atomised, puzzle-like novels with deliberately obscure police procedural plots, The Savage Detectives and 2666 break several authorial and narrative architectural patterns, becoming major landmarks in today’s novelistic worldscape.

Abstract Why and how new migration routes emerge remain fundamental questions in ecology, particularly in the context of current global changes. In its early stages, when few individuals are involved, the evolution of new migration routes can be easily confused with vagrancy, i.e. the occurrence of individuals outside their regular breeding, non-breeding or migratory distribution ranges. Yet, vagrancy can in theory generate new migration routes if vagrants survive, return to their breeding grounds and transfer their new migration route to their offspring, thus increasing a new migratory phenotype in the population. Here, we review the conceptual framework and empirical challenges of distinguishing regular migration from vagrancy in small obligate migratory passerines and explain how this can inform our understanding of migration evolution. For this purpose, we use the Yellow-browed Warbler (Phylloscopus inornatus) as a case study. This Siberian species normally winters in southern Asia and its recent increase in occurrence in Western Europe has become a prominent evolutionary puzzle. We first review and discuss available evidence suggesting that the species is still mostly a vagrant in Western Europe but might be establishing a new migration route initiated by vagrants. We then list possible empirical approaches to check if some individuals really undertake regular migratory movements between Western Europe and Siberia, which would make this species an ideal model for studying the links between vagrancy and the emergence of new migratory routes.

This article analyses the problem of urban poverty in Barcelona during the Bourbon Restoration period by focusing on the phenomenon of begging. It uses primary sources from the municipal government to explore policies connected with the prevention and repression of panhandling, as seen on three specific fronts: the models of asylum implemented to contain the problem; the devices and mechanisms of surveillance, financial assessment and background-checking applied to combat it; and the initiatives to reorganize the welfare system developed by civic leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the politics of citizenship in Zapotec communities in nineteenth-century Oaxaca, Mexico. Several studies discuss how Indigenous peoples were incorporated into the Mexican nation-state during this period, but few have examined how state law and Indigenous customs meshed to produce modern Mexican citizenship. This study examines the construction of Mexican citizenship through Zapotec people's experiences with vagrancy laws. For Indigenous peoples, two forms of citizenship existed: a republican citizenship that was reserved for all adult males and upheld by Mexican law, and an unwritten Indigenous citizenship that included both adult males and females. Based on close readings of criminal records, government reports, and correspondence between state officials and local Zapotec authorities in the Tlacolula Valley, this article demonstrates that, unlike Mexican citizenship, membership in Indigenous communities, which the author calls "Indigenous citizenship," rested on members' payment of state taxes and provision of financial and labor contributions for the pueblo (community). Those who refused to pay their state taxes or rejected the gendered customs of their pueblo were punished by the community: females were punished by the patriarchs of the family while males were punished through state institutions. As the state's repressive institutions expanded throughout the course of the nineteenth century, Indigenous leaders found more recourse to punish males who failed to live "honorably" as members of Indigenous communities. Considering the interplay between Mexican and Indigenous citizenship, this article explores how Zapotec communities utilized vagrancy laws, in particular, to police and criminalize males who threatened Indigenous social life by behaving in dishonorable ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between law and welfare in the governing of homelessness has been studied from a range of perspectives but their interconnections have had little scrutiny at that key moment in the later 20th century when vagrancy was repealed and homelessness became a 'sector' in most western countries. Focussing on Australia, this paper provides a critical historical analysis of how and why these interconnections limited reform. Despite the early 1970s being the highpoint of social democratic idealism, the new homelessness sector redeployed the methods of residual charity, largely because it was seen as a replacement for jail. The legal reforms were partial and, since their focus was limited to homeless white men, they had unintended consequences, tragically so for Indigenous peoples. While these shifts represented a turning point in the long governance of homelessness, they were ones in which old ways prevailed and, as neoliberalism gained ground, they became embedded in the policy landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide information on vagrant and visitor bird species recorded in the Fildes Region (King George Island, South Shetlands, Antarctic) during the long-term bird monitoring programme between the 1979-1980 and 2022-2023 seasons. The total ice-free territory covers approximately 35 km², making it one of the largest ice-free areas in the Western Antarctic Peninsula region. In addition to 13 breeding and one potentially breeding bird species, we recorded 28 non-breeding bird species. Of these non-breeding bird species, we defined 18 as vagrants and 10 as visitors. The vagrant and visitor bird species recorded were representatives of the families Spheniscidae, Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Pelecanoididae, Laridae, Ardeidae, Scolopacidae, and Anatidae. Furthermore, we include information on the frequency of observations of bird species that do not breed in the study area. Most frequently observed were white-rumped sandpiper, cattle egret, emperor penguin, macaroni penguin, and king penguin. These data contribute to knowledge of rare birds in the Antarctic. Together with similar studies, this information may provide valuable clues to unusual environmental conditions that allow vagrants to reach regions beyond their usual distribution range. Furthermore, long-term data on rare bird sightings can indicate a potential expansion of the breeding range of individual species. Such studies may be relevant for the evaluation of environmental changes that are already occurring as a result of current climate change, e.g., changes in sea ice cover or food web structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article explores the history of vagrancy laws in England, the British Empire, and the British colonial world, the significance of those laws, the various challenges that were made to vagrancy laws in the twentieth century, and the limits of those challenges to date. While vagrancy laws preceded the nineteenth century, the 1824 Vagrancy Act in England set a new model, which proved extremely influential around the world over the following centuries. Between the early nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, vagrancy laws were adopted or reformulated almost everywhere the British left a footprint. The laws that were adopted covered a broad range of (what the authorities considered) offenses and offensive ways of being, including impoverishment, idleness, begging, hawking, public gambling, sex work, public indecency, fortune-telling, traditional religious practices, drunkenness, homosexuality, cross-dressing, socializing across racial groups, being suspicious, and many other activities as well. They were adopted for a range of purposes: to control labor and limit workers' bargaining positions, including after the abolition of slavery; to define the boundaries of civilized, industrious, and moral society; and to "clean up the streets" and reinforce urban boundaries. Most overarchingly, vagrancy laws served as a practical and rhetorical means through which the discretionary power of the authorities, as enforced through the police and magistracy, was expanded. Far from constituting an object of challenge for 'rule of law' advocates, expansion in such discretionary authority was closely bound up with the expansion of the rule of law in theory and practice. While vagrancy laws began to be challenged in the mid-twentieth century, including through a decades-long anti-vagrancy law campaign in the United States that had significant success, they remain part of the law of numerous states around the world. In addition, even where explicit vagrancy laws have been abolished, vagrancy-type laws--laws that have granted the police discretionary authority to commit arbitrary detention, of the poor in particular--remain deeply embedded in the criminal law regimes of all former British jurisdictions. Overcoming the vagrancy law legacy will require recognizing and taking measures to reform the arbitrary, classdiscriminatory police power vagrancy laws have helped entrench in common law legal orders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of the Roma in Russia is a poorly studied topic. The article discusses the main stages in the formation and development of the Gypsy community in Siberia during the late 18th – 20th century. The authors came to the conclusion that the main source for the emergence and growth of the number of Roma in the region was migration, in which Belarusian Roma played an important role. On the basis of various sources, a description is given of the measures taken by the authorities in relation to the Roma population, aimed at its homogenisation and integration into the economic and socio-cultural processes in Siberia. However, all campaigns to combat Gypsy vagrancy in the 19th and 20th centuries did not lead to its complete eradication. The repressive steps both in the second quarter of the 19th century and in the 1930s did not help to solve the problem either. Only a part of the Gypsies switched from a traditional to a semi-sedentary way of life. Archival materials from central and regional archives. Most of the documents are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

The article reviews Roger Lewis's book "Erotic Vagrancy: Everything About Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor," which explores the complex relationship between the iconic Hollywood couple. Lewis takes an unconventional approach to biography, focusing more on the concept of the pair as a fantasy rather than as individuals. The book delves into the intense and tumultuous connection between Burton and Taylor, portraying them as symbols of indulgence and desire. While the review acknowledges Lewis's insightful analysis, it also critiques the book's self-indulgent and contentious style, making it a challenging but potentially rewarding read for those interested in unconventional biographies. [Extracted from the article]

This article questions the impact of urbanization on crime rates by studying Amsterdam migrants in front of the correctional court between 1850 and 1905 and connecting the historiography on crime and migration. The data shows no clear link between urbanization and a rise in crime, but it does reveal the role of external factors in the prosecution of specific crimes. The crisis experienced by the urban labour market in the late 1870 and 1880s had a direct impact on Amsterdam crime rates: although Amsterdam could initially integrate low-skilled workers in its labour market, the situation became unsustainable after a few years. It led to an increase in the prosecution of vagrancy and begging offences, which were committed first and foremost by Dutch unemployed or unskilled migrant workers. This article thus shows the importance of considering migrants in crime history not as a homogenous group but as different groups, each with its own support networks, and influenced differently by the micro- and macro-economic developments of the nineteenth century.

This chapter might be productively read alongside the coda, where Nicolazzo elaborates on the connections between queer theory and the aesthetic temporality of vagrancy and policing. Sal Nicolazzo's I Vagrant Figures i makes a case for how transatlantic systems of policing are not born out of historical inevitability; rather, these systems are connected to the durable and pliable category of vagrancy. Nicolazzo's last chapter sharpens the relationship between vagrancy law in English-speaking colonies and slavery by turning to Olaudah Equiano's I The Interesting Narrative i (1789). [Extracted from the article]