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2. Bioarchaeological evidence of one of the earliest Islamic burials in the Levant.

Author

Bolívar, Héctor, Ureña, Irene, Santana, Jonathan, Petersen, Andrew, Iriarte, Eneko, Kırdök, Emrah, Bergfeldt, Nora, Mora, Alice, Jakobsson, Mattias, Abdo, Khaled, Braemer, Frank, Smith, Colin, Ibañez, Juan, Götherström, Anders, Günther, Torsten, Valdiosera, Cristina, and Srigyan, Megha

Subjects
Archaeology, Burial, Ethnicity, Genomics, Humans, White People
Abstract

The Middle East plays a central role in human history harbouring a vast diversity of ethnic, cultural and religious groups. However, much remains to be understood about past and present genomic diversity in this region. Here we present a multidisciplinary bioarchaeological analysis of two individuals dated to the late 7th and early 8th centuries, the Umayyad Era, from Tell Qarassa, an open-air site in modern-day Syria. Radiocarbon dates and burial type are consistent with one of the earliest Islamic Arab burials in the Levant. Interestingly, we found genomic similarity to a genotyped group of modern-day Bedouins and Saudi rather than to most neighbouring Levantine groups. This study represents the genomic analysis of a secondary use site with characteristics consistent with an early Islamic burial in the Levant. We discuss our findings and possible historic scenarios in the light of forces such as genetic drift and their possible interaction with religious and cultural processes (including diet and subsistence practices).

Published
2022

3. Fallen and Lost into the Abyss? A Mesolithic Human Skull from Sima Hedionda IV (Casares, Málaga, Iberian Peninsula)

Author

Martinez-Sanchez Rafael M., Bretones-García María Dolores, Valdiosera Cristina, Vera-Rodríguez Juan Carlos, López Flores Inmaculada, Simón-Vallejo María D., Ruiz Borrega Pilar, Martínez Fernández María J., Romo Villalba Jorge L., Bermúdez Jiménez Francisco, Martín de los Santos Rafael, Pardo-Gordó Salvador, and Cortés Sánchez Miguel

Subjects
human remains, mesolithic, southern iberia, sinkholes, radiocarbon, Archaeology, CC1-960
Abstract

The presence of scattered prehistoric human bones in caves and sinkholes is common in many regions of Iberia. These are usually interpreted as erratic elements coming from burial contexts, usually collective associations. These burial contexts are very frequent in karst areas of the Iberian Peninsula since the Early Neolithic, mostly in the Late Neolithic, and Copper Age, while findings from earlier chronologies are much more unusual. In this work, we present partial remains of a human skull from the Mesolithic period, recovered from a cave in the Strait of Gibraltar area. Although there is no conclusive evidence pointing to a dismantled burial context, this constitutes an isolated find, where its final location appears to be consistent with gravitational fall followed by water transportation.

Published
2022
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4. Uncialamycin-based antibody–drug conjugates : Unique enediyne ADCs exhibiting bystander killing effect

Author

Nicolaou, K. C., Rigol, Stephan, Pitsinos, Emmanuel N., Das, Dipendu, Lu, Yong, Rout, Subhrajit, Schammel, Alexander W., Holte, Dane, Lin, Baiwei, Gu, Christine, Sarvaiya, Hetal, Trinidad, Jose, Barbour, Nicole, Valdiosera, Amanda M., Sandoval, Joseph, Lee, Christina, Aujay, Monette, Fernando, Hanan, Dhar, Anukriti, Karsunky, Holger, Taylor, Nicole, Pysz, Marybeth, and Gavrilyuk, Julia

Published
2021

5. Bioarchaeological evidence of one of the earliest Islamic burials in the Levant

Author

Megha Srigyan, Héctor Bolívar, Irene Ureña, Jonathan Santana, Andrew Petersen, Eneko Iriarte, Emrah Kırdök, Nora Bergfeldt, Alice Mora, Mattias Jakobsson, Khaled Abdo, Frank Braemer, Colin Smith, Juan José Ibañez, Anders Götherström, Torsten Günther, and Cristina Valdiosera

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Ancient genomic and archaeological data combine to identify a surprisingly early Islamic burial in modern day Syria.

Published
2022
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8. Ancient mitochondrial DNA provides high-resolution time scale of the peopling of the Americas

Author

Llamas, Bastien, Fehren-Schmitz, Lars, Valverde, Guido, Soubrier, Julien, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Nordenfelt, Susanne, Valdiosera, Cristina, Richards, Stephen M, Rohrlach, Adam, Romero, Maria Inés Barreto, Espinoza, Isabel Flores, Cagigao, Elsa Tomasto, Jiménez, Lucía Watson, Makowski, Krzysztof, Reyna, Ilán Santiago Leboreiro, Lory, Josefina Mansilla, Torrez, Julio Alejandro Ballivián, Rivera, Mario A, Burger, Richard L, Ceruti, Maria Constanza, Reinhard, Johan, Wells, R Spencer, Politis, Gustavo, Santoro, Calogero M, Standen, Vivien G, Smith, Colin, Reich, David, Ho, Simon YW, Cooper, Alan, and Haak, Wolfgang

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Anthropology, Genetics, Human Society, Americas, Archaeology, Bayes Theorem, Chile, DNA, Ancient, DNA, Mitochondrial, Emigration and Immigration, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population, Genome, Mitochondrial, Haplotypes, Humans, Indians, North American, Phylogeny, South America, Ancient DNA, Beringia, Native America, colonization
Abstract

The exact timing, route, and process of the initial peopling of the Americas remains uncertain despite much research. Archaeological evidence indicates the presence of humans as far as southern Chile by 14.6 thousand years ago (ka), shortly after the Pleistocene ice sheets blocking access from eastern Beringia began to retreat. Genetic estimates of the timing and route of entry have been constrained by the lack of suitable calibration points and low genetic diversity of Native Americans. We sequenced 92 whole mitochondrial genomes from pre-Columbian South American skeletons dating from 8.6 to 0.5 ka, allowing a detailed, temporally calibrated reconstruction of the peopling of the Americas in a Bayesian coalescent analysis. The data suggest that a small population entered the Americas via a coastal route around 16.0 ka, following previous isolation in eastern Beringia for ~2.4 to 9 thousand years after separation from eastern Siberian populations. Following a rapid movement throughout the Americas, limited gene flow in South America resulted in a marked phylogeographic structure of populations, which persisted through time. All of the ancient mitochondrial lineages detected in this study were absent from modern data sets, suggesting a high extinction rate. To investigate this further, we applied a novel principal components multiple logistic regression test to Bayesian serial coalescent simulations. The analysis supported a scenario in which European colonization caused a substantial loss of pre-Columbian lineages.

Published
2016

9. Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe

Author

Frantz, Laurent A. F., Haile, James, Lin, Audrey T., Scheu, Amelie, Geörg, Christina, Benecke, Norbert, Alexander, Michelle, Linderholm, Anna, Mullin, Victoria E., Daly, Kevin G., Battista, Vincent M., Price, Max, Gron, Kurt J., Alexandri, Panoraia, Arbogast, Rose-Marie, Arbuckle, Benjamin, Bălăşescu, Adrian, Barnett, Ross, Bartosiewicz, László, Baryshnikov, Gennady, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Boroneanţ, Adina, Bulatović, Jelena, Çakirlar, Canan, Carretero, José-Miguel, Chapman, John, Church, Mike, Crooijmans, Richard, De Cupere, Bea, Detry, Cleia, Dimitrijevic, Vesna, Dumitraşcu, Valentin, du Plessis, Louis, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Erek, Cevdet Merih, Erim-Özdoğan, Aslı, Ervynck, Anton, Fulgione, Domenico, Gligor, Mihai, Götherström, Anders, Gourichon, Lionel, Groenen, Martien A.M., Helmer, Daniel, Hongo, Hitomi, Horwitz, Liora K., Irving-Pease, Evan K., Lebrasseur, Ophélie, Lesur, Joséphine, Malone, Caroline, Manaseryan, Ninna, Marciniak, Arkadiusz, Martlew, Holley, Mashkour, Marjan, Matthews, Roger, Matuzeviciute, Giedre Motuzaite, Maziar, Sepideh, Meijaard, Erik, McGovern, Tom, Megens, Hendrik-Jan, Miller, Rebecca, Fatemeh Mohaseb, Azadeh, Orschiedt, Jörg, Orton, David, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Pearson, Mike Parker, Pinhasi, Ron, Radmanović, Darko, Ricaut, François-Xavier, Richards, Mike, Sabin, Richard, Sarti, Lucia, Schier, Wolfram, Sheikhi, Shiva, Stephan, Elisabeth, Stewart, John R., Stoddart, Simon, Tagliacozzo, Antonio, Tasić, Nenad, Trantalidou, Katerina, Tresset, Anne, Valdiosera, Cristina, van den Hurk, Youri, Van Poucke, Sophie, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Yanevich, Alexander, Zeeb-Lanz, Andrea, Triantafyllidis, Alexandros, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Schibler, Jörg, Rowley-Conwy, Peter, Zeder, Melinda, Peters, Joris, Cucchi, Thomas, Bradley, Daniel G., Dobney, Keith, Burger, Joachim, Evin, Allowen, Girdland-Flink, Linus, and Larson, Greger

Published
2019

10. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans

Author

Raghavan, Maanasa, Steinrücken, Matthias, Harris, Kelley, Schiffels, Stephan, Rasmussen, Simon, DeGiorgio, Michael, Albrechtsen, Anders, Valdiosera, Cristina, Ávila-Arcos, María C, Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo, Eriksson, Anders, Moltke, Ida, Metspalu, Mait, Homburger, Julian R, Wall, Jeff, Cornejo, Omar E, Moreno-Mayar, J Víctor, Korneliussen, Thorfinn S, Pierre, Tracey, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula F, de Barros Damgaard, Peter, Allentoft, Morten E, Lindo, John, Metspalu, Ene, Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, Mansilla, Josefina, Henrickson, Celeste, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Malmström, Helena, Stafford, Thomas, Shringarpure, Suyash S, Moreno-Estrada, Andrés, Karmin, Monika, Tambets, Kristiina, Bergström, Anders, Xue, Yali, Warmuth, Vera, Friend, Andrew D, Singarayer, Joy, Valdes, Paul, Balloux, Francois, Leboreiro, Ilán, Vera, Jose Luis, Rangel-Villalobos, Hector, Pettener, Davide, Luiselli, Donata, Davis, Loren G, Heyer, Evelyne, Zollikofer, Christoph PE, Ponce de León, Marcia S, Smith, Colin I, Grimes, Vaughan, Pike, Kelly-Anne, Deal, Michael, Fuller, Benjamin T, Arriaza, Bernardo, Standen, Vivien, Luz, Maria F, Ricaut, Francois, Guidon, Niede, Osipova, Ludmila, Voevoda, Mikhail I, Posukh, Olga L, Balanovsky, Oleg, Lavryashina, Maria, Bogunov, Yuri, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Gubina, Marina, Balanovska, Elena, Fedorova, Sardana, Litvinov, Sergey, Malyarchuk, Boris, Derenko, Miroslava, Mosher, MJ, Archer, David, Cybulski, Jerome, Petzelt, Barbara, Mitchell, Joycelynn, Worl, Rosita, Norman, Paul J, Parham, Peter, Kemp, Brian M, Kivisild, Toomas, Tyler-Smith, Chris, Sandhu, Manjinder S, Crawford, Michael, Villems, Richard, Smith, David Glenn, Waters, Michael R, Goebel, Ted, Johnson, John R, Malhi, Ripan S, Jakobsson, Mattias, Meltzer, David J, Manica, Andrea, Durbin, Richard, Bustamante, Carlos D, Song, Yun S, and Nielsen, Rasmus

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, History, Heritage and Archaeology, Human Society, Historical Studies, Anthropology, Minority Health, Human Genome, American Indian or Alaska Native, Americas, Gene Flow, Genomics, History, Ancient, Human Migration, Humans, Indians, North American, Models, Genetic, Siberia, General Science & Technology
Abstract

How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we found that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (ka) and after no more than an 8000-year isolation period in Beringia. After their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 ka, one that is now dispersed across North and South America and the other restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians (including Siberians) and, more distantly, Australo-Melanesians. Putative "Paleoamerican" relict populations, including the historical Mexican Pericúes and South American Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians as suggested by the Paleoamerican Model.

Published
2015

11. POPULATION GENETICS. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans.

Author

Raghavan, Maanasa, Steinrücken, Matthias, Harris, Kelley, Schiffels, Stephan, Rasmussen, Simon, DeGiorgio, Michael, Albrechtsen, Anders, Valdiosera, Cristina, Ávila-Arcos, María C, Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo, Eriksson, Anders, Moltke, Ida, Metspalu, Mait, Homburger, Julian R, Wall, Jeff, Cornejo, Omar E, Moreno-Mayar, J Víctor, Korneliussen, Thorfinn S, Pierre, Tracey, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula F, de Barros Damgaard, Peter, Allentoft, Morten E, Lindo, John, Metspalu, Ene, Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, Mansilla, Josefina, Henrickson, Celeste, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Malmström, Helena, Stafford, Thomas, Shringarpure, Suyash S, Moreno-Estrada, Andrés, Karmin, Monika, Tambets, Kristiina, Bergström, Anders, Xue, Yali, Warmuth, Vera, Friend, Andrew D, Singarayer, Joy, Valdes, Paul, Balloux, Francois, Leboreiro, Ilán, Vera, Jose Luis, Rangel-Villalobos, Hector, Pettener, Davide, Luiselli, Donata, Davis, Loren G, Heyer, Evelyne, Zollikofer, Christoph PE, Ponce de León, Marcia S, Smith, Colin I, Grimes, Vaughan, Pike, Kelly-Anne, Deal, Michael, Fuller, Benjamin T, Arriaza, Bernardo, Standen, Vivien, Luz, Maria F, Ricaut, Francois, Guidon, Niede, Osipova, Ludmila, Voevoda, Mikhail I, Posukh, Olga L, Balanovsky, Oleg, Lavryashina, Maria, Bogunov, Yuri, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Gubina, Marina, Balanovska, Elena, Fedorova, Sardana, Litvinov, Sergey, Malyarchuk, Boris, Derenko, Miroslava, Mosher, MJ, Archer, David, Cybulski, Jerome, Petzelt, Barbara, Mitchell, Joycelynn, Worl, Rosita, Norman, Paul J, Parham, Peter, Kemp, Brian M, Kivisild, Toomas, Tyler-Smith, Chris, Sandhu, Manjinder S, Crawford, Michael, Villems, Richard, Smith, David Glenn, Waters, Michael R, Goebel, Ted, Johnson, John R, Malhi, Ripan S, Jakobsson, Mattias, Meltzer, David J, Manica, Andrea, Durbin, Richard, Bustamante, Carlos D, Song, Yun S, and Nielsen, Rasmus

Subjects
Humans, Genomics, Models, Genetic, History, Ancient, Indians, North American, Americas, Siberia, Gene Flow, Human Migration, Human Genome, Genetics, General Science & Technology
Abstract

How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we found that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (ka) and after no more than an 8000-year isolation period in Beringia. After their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 ka, one that is now dispersed across North and South America and the other restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians (including Siberians) and, more distantly, Australo-Melanesians. Putative "Paleoamerican" relict populations, including the historical Mexican Pericúes and South American Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians as suggested by the Paleoamerican Model.

Published
2015

12. The ancestry and affiliations of Kennewick Man

Author

Rasmussen, Morten, Sikora, Martin, Albrechtsen, Anders, Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand, Moreno-Mayar, J Víctor, Poznik, G David, Zollikofer, Christoph PE, Ponce de León, Marcia S, Allentoft, Morten E, Moltke, Ida, Jónsson, Hákon, Valdiosera, Cristina, Malhi, Ripan S, Orlando, Ludovic, Bustamante, Carlos D, Stafford, Thomas W, Meltzer, David J, Nielsen, Rasmus, and Willerslev, Eske

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Anthropology, History, Heritage and Archaeology, Human Society, Clinical Research, Americas, Genome, Human, Genomics, Humans, Indians, North American, Male, Phylogeny, Skeleton, Skull, Washington, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Kennewick Man, referred to as the Ancient One by Native Americans, is a male human skeleton discovered in Washington state (USA) in 1996 and initially radiocarbon dated to 8,340-9,200 calibrated years before present (BP). His population affinities have been the subject of scientific debate and legal controversy. Based on an initial study of cranial morphology it was asserted that Kennewick Man was neither Native American nor closely related to the claimant Plateau tribes of the Pacific Northwest, who claimed ancestral relationship and requested repatriation under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). The morphological analysis was important to judicial decisions that Kennewick Man was not Native American and that therefore NAGPRA did not apply. Instead of repatriation, additional studies of the remains were permitted. Subsequent craniometric analysis affirmed Kennewick Man to be more closely related to circumpacific groups such as the Ainu and Polynesians than he is to modern Native Americans. In order to resolve Kennewick Man's ancestry and affiliations, we have sequenced his genome to ∼1× coverage and compared it to worldwide genomic data including for the Ainu and Polynesians. We find that Kennewick Man is closer to modern Native Americans than to any other population worldwide. Among the Native American groups for whom genome-wide data are available for comparison, several seem to be descended from a population closely related to that of Kennewick Man, including the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation (Colville), one of the five tribes claiming Kennewick Man. We revisit the cranial analyses and find that, as opposed to genome-wide comparisons, it is not possible on that basis to affiliate Kennewick Man to specific contemporary groups. We therefore conclude based on genetic comparisons that Kennewick Man shows continuity with Native North Americans over at least the last eight millennia.

Published
2015

13. The Genomic Legacy of Human Management and sex-biased Aurochs hybridization in Iberian Cattle

Author

Günther, Torsten, primary, Chisausky, Jacob, additional, Galindo-Pellicena, M. Ángeles, additional, Iriarte, Eneko, additional, Gardyn, Oscar Cortes, additional, Eusebi, Paulina G., additional, García-González, Rebeca, additional, Urena, Irene, additional, Moreno, Marta, additional, Alday, Alfonso, additional, Rojo, Manuel, additional, Pérez, Amalia, additional, Rodríguez, Cristina Tejedor, additional, de Lagrán, Iñigo García Martínez, additional, Arsuaga, Juan Luis, additional, Carretero, José-Miguel, additional, Götherström, Anders, additional, Smith, Colin, additional, and Valdiosera, Cristina, additional

Published
2024
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14. bammds: a tool for assessing the ancestry of low-depth whole-genome data using multidimensional scaling (MDS)

Author

Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo, Tange, Ole, Moreno-Mayar, José Víctor, Rasmussen, Morten, DeGiorgio, Michael, Wang, Yong, Valdiosera, Cristina E, Politis, Gustavo, Willerslev, Eske, and Nielsen, Rasmus

Subjects
Bioengineering, Genetics, Genetics, Population, Genome, Human, Genomics, Genotype, Humans, Phylogeography, Software, Mathematical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences, Bioinformatics
Abstract

SummaryWe present bammds, a practical tool that allows visualization of samples sequenced by second-generation sequencing when compared with a reference panel of individuals (usually genotypes) using a multidimensional scaling algorithm. Our tool is aimed at determining the ancestry of unknown samples-typical of ancient DNA data-particularly when only low amounts of data are available for those samples.Availability and implementationThe software package is available under GNU General Public License v3 and is freely available together with test datasets https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/bammds/. It is using R (http://www.r-project.org/), parallel (http://www.gnu.org/software/parallel/), samtools (https://github.com/samtools/samtools).Contactbammds-users@nongnu.orgSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Published
2014

16. Genetic turnovers and northern survival during the last glacial maximum in European brown bears

Author

Erik Ersmark, Gennady Baryshnikov, Thomas Higham, Alain Argant, Pedro Castaños, Doris Döppes, Mihaly Gasparik, Mietje Germonpré, Kerstin Lidén, Grzegorz Lipecki, Adrian Marciszak, Rebecca Miller, Marta Moreno‐García, Martina Pacher, Marius Robu, Ricardo Rodriguez‐Varela, Manuel Rojo Guerra, Martin Sabol, Nikolai Spassov, Jan Storå, Christina Valdiosera, Aritza Villaluenga, John R. Stewart, and Love Dalén

Subjects
LGM, mtDNA, phylogeography, refugia, Ursus arctos, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The current phylogeographic pattern of European brown bears (Ursus arctos) has commonly been explained by postglacial recolonization out of geographically distinct refugia in southern Europe, a pattern well in accordance with the expansion/contraction model. Studies of ancient DNA from brown bear remains have questioned this pattern, but have failed to explain the glacial distribution of mitochondrial brown bear clades and their subsequent expansion across the European continent. We here present 136 new mitochondrial sequences generated from 346 remains from Europe, ranging in age between the Late Pleistocene and historical times. The genetic data show a high Late Pleistocene diversity across the continent and challenge the strict confinement of bears to traditional southern refugia during the last glacial maximum (LGM). The mitochondrial data further suggest a genetic turnover just before this time, as well as a steep demographic decline starting in the mid‐Holocene. Levels of stable nitrogen isotopes from the remains confirm a previously proposed shift toward increasing herbivory around the LGM in Europe. Overall, these results suggest that in addition to climate, anthropogenic impact and inter‐specific competition may have had more important effects on the brown bear's ecology, demography, and genetic structure than previously thought.

Published
2019
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17. Four millennia of Iberian biomolecular prehistory illustrate the impact of prehistoric migrations at the far end of Eurasia

Author

Valdiosera, Cristina, Günther, Torsten, Vera-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, Ureña, Irene, Iriarte, Eneko, Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, Simões, Luciana G., Martínez-Sánchez, Rafael M., Svensson, Emma M., Malmström, Helena, Rodríguez, Laura, de Castro, José-María Bermúdez, Carbonell, Eudald, Alday, Alfonso, Vera, José Antonio Hernández, Götherström, Anders, Carretero, José-Miguel, Arsuaga, Juan Luis, Smith, Colin I., and Jakobsson, Mattias

Published
2018

23. The Genomic Legacy of Human Management and sex-biased Aurochs hybridization in Iberian Cattle

Author

Günther, Torsten, primary, Chisausky, Jacob, additional, Galindo-Pellicena, M. Ángeles, additional, Iriarte, Eneko, additional, Cortes Gardyn, Oscar, additional, Eusebi, Paulina G., additional, García-González, Rebeca, additional, Urena, Irene, additional, Moreno, Marta, additional, Alday, Alfonso, additional, Rojo, Manuel, additional, Pérez, Amalia, additional, Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina, additional, García Martínez de Lagrán, Iñigo, additional, Arsuaga, Juan Luis, additional, Carretero, José-Miguel, additional, Götherström, Anders, additional, Smith, Colin, additional, and Valdiosera, Cristina, additional

Published
2023
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25. Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico

Author

Villa-Islas, Viridiana, primary, Izarraras-Gomez, Alan, additional, Larena, Maximilian, additional, Campos, Elizabeth Mejía Perez, additional, Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela, additional, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Juan Esteban, additional, Bravo-Lopez, Miriam, additional, Moguel, Barbara, additional, Fregel, Rosa, additional, Garfias-Morales, Ernesto, additional, Medina Tretmanis, Jazeps, additional, Velázquez-Ramírez, David Alberto, additional, Herrera-Muñóz, Alberto, additional, Sandoval, Karla, additional, Nieves-Colón, Maria A., additional, Zepeda García Moreno, Gabriela, additional, Villanea, Fernando A., additional, Medina, Eugenia Fernández Villanueva, additional, Aguayo-Haro, Ramiro, additional, Valdiosera, Cristina, additional, Ioannidis, Alexander G., additional, Moreno-Estrada, Andrés, additional, Jay, Flora, additional, Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia, additional, Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor, additional, Sánchez-Quinto, Federico, additional, and Ávila-Arcos, María C., additional

Published
2023
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26. Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico

Author

Viridiana Villa-Islas, Alan Izarraras-Gomez, Maximilian Larena, Elizabeth Mejía Perez Campos, Marcela Sandoval-Velasco, Juan Esteban Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Miriam Bravo-Lopez, Barbara Moguel, Rosa Fregel, Ernesto Garfias-Morales, Jazeps Medina Tretmanis, David Alberto Velázquez-Ramírez, Alberto Herrera-Muñóz, Karla Sandoval, Maria A. Nieves-Colón, Gabriela Zepeda García Moreno, Fernando A. Villanea, Eugenia Fernández Villanueva Medina, Ramiro Aguayo-Haro, Cristina Valdiosera, Alexander G. Ioannidis, Andrés Moreno-Estrada, Flora Jay, Emilia Huerta-Sanchez, J. Víctor Moreno-Mayar, Federico Sánchez-Quinto, and María C. Ávila-Arcos

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica are two distinct cultural areas in northern and central Mexico, respectively, that hosted numerous pre-Hispanic civilizations between 2500 BCE and 1521 CE. The division between these regions shifted southward because of severe droughts ~1100 years ago, which allegedly drove a population replacement in central Mexico by Aridoamerican peoples. In this study, we present shotgun genome-wide data from 12 individuals and 27 mitochondrial genomes from eight pre-Hispanic archaeological sites across Mexico, including two at the shifting border of Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica. We find population continuity that spans the climate change episode and a broad preservation of the genetic structure across present-day Mexico for the past 2300 years. Lastly, we identify a contribution to pre-Hispanic populations of northern and central Mexico from two ancient unsampled “ghost” populations.

Published
2023
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27. Northwest African Neolithic initiated by migrants from Iberia and Levant

Author

Simões, Luciana G., Günther, Torsten, Martínez-Sánchez, Rafael M., Vera-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, Iriarte, Eneko, Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, Bokbot, Youssef, Valdiosera, Cristina, Jakobsson, Mattias, Simões, Luciana G., Günther, Torsten, Martínez-Sánchez, Rafael M., Vera-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, Iriarte, Eneko, Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, Bokbot, Youssef, Valdiosera, Cristina, and Jakobsson, Mattias

Abstract

In northwestern Africa, lifestyle transitioned from foraging to food production around 7,400 years ago but what sparked that change remains unclear. Archaeological data support conflicting views: (1) that migrant European Neolithic farmers brought the new way of life to North Africa or (2) that local hunter-gatherers adopted technological innovations. The latter view is also supported by archaeogenetic data. Here we fill key chronological and archaeogenetic gaps for the Maghreb, from Epipalaeolithic to Middle Neolithic, by sequencing the genomes of nine individuals (to between 45.8- and 0.2-fold genome coverage). Notably, we trace 8,000 years of population continuity and isolation from the Upper Palaeolithic, via the Epipaleolithic, to some Maghrebi Neolithic farming groups. However, remains from the earliest Neolithic contexts showed mostly European Neolithic ancestry. We suggest that farming was introduced by European migrants and was then rapidly adopted by local groups. During the Middle Neolithic a new ancestry from the Levant appears in the Maghreb, coinciding with the arrival of pastoralism in the region, and all three ancestries blend together during the Late Neolithic. Our results show ancestry shifts in the Neolithization of northwestern Africa that probably mirrored a heterogeneous economic and cultural landscape, in a more multifaceted process than observed in other regions.

Published
2023
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28. Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico

Author

Villa-Islas, Viridiana, Izarraras-Gomez, Alan, Larena, Maximilian, Perez Campos, Elizabeth Mejia, Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Juan Esteban, Bravo-Lopez, Miriam, Moguel, Barbara, Fregel, Rosa, Garfias-Morales, Ernesto, Tretmanis, Jazeps Medina, Velazquez-Ramirez, David Alberto, Herrera-Munoz, Alberto, Sandoval, Karla, Nieves-Colon, Maria A., Garcia Moreno, Gabriela Zepeda, Villanea, Fernando A., Villanueva Medina, Eugenia Fernandez, Aguayo-Haro, Ramiro, Valdiosera, Cristina, Ioannidis, Alexander G., Moreno-Estrada, Andres, Jay, Flora, Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia, Moreno-Mayar, J. Victor, Sanchez-Quinto, Federico, Avila-Arcos, Maria C., Villa-Islas, Viridiana, Izarraras-Gomez, Alan, Larena, Maximilian, Perez Campos, Elizabeth Mejia, Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Juan Esteban, Bravo-Lopez, Miriam, Moguel, Barbara, Fregel, Rosa, Garfias-Morales, Ernesto, Tretmanis, Jazeps Medina, Velazquez-Ramirez, David Alberto, Herrera-Munoz, Alberto, Sandoval, Karla, Nieves-Colon, Maria A., Garcia Moreno, Gabriela Zepeda, Villanea, Fernando A., Villanueva Medina, Eugenia Fernandez, Aguayo-Haro, Ramiro, Valdiosera, Cristina, Ioannidis, Alexander G., Moreno-Estrada, Andres, Jay, Flora, Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia, Moreno-Mayar, J. Victor, Sanchez-Quinto, Federico, and Avila-Arcos, Maria C.

Abstract

Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica are two distinct cultural areas in northern and central Mexico, respectively, that hosted numerous pre-Hispanic civilizations between 2500 BCE and 1521 CE. The division between these regions shifted southward because of severe droughts ~1100 years ago, which allegedly drove a population replacement in central Mexico by Aridoamerican peoples. In this study, we present shotgun genome-wide data from 12 individuals and 27 mitochondrial genomes from eight pre-Hispanic archaeological sites across Mexico, including two at the shifting border of Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica. We find population continuity that spans the climate change episode and a broad preservation of the genetic structure across present-day Mexico for the past 2300 years. Lastly, we identify a contribution to pre-Hispanic populations of northern and central Mexico from two ancient unsampled “ghost” populations.

Published
2023
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30. Ancient genomes link early farmers from Atapuerca in Spain to modern-day Basques

Author

Günther, Torsten, Valdiosera, Cristina, Malmström, Helena, Ureña, Irene, Rodriguez-Varela, Ricardo, Sverrisdóttir, Óddny Osk, Daskalaki, Evangelia A., Skoglund, Pontus, Naidoo, Thijessen, Svensson, Emma M., de Castro, José María Bermúdez, Carbonell, Eudald, Dunn, Michael, Storå, Jan, Iriarte, Eneko, Arsuaga, Juan Luis, Carretero, José-Miguel, Götherström, Anders, and Jakobsson, Mattias

Published
2015

31. Fallen and Lost into the Abyss? A Mesolithic Human Skull from Sima Hedionda IV (Casares, Málaga, Iberian Peninsula)

Author

Rafael M. Martinez-Sanchez, María Dolores Bretones-García, Cristina Valdiosera, Juan Carlos Vera-Rodríguez, Inmaculada López Flores, María D. Simón-Vallejo, Pilar Ruiz Borrega, María J. Martínez Fernández, Jorge L. Romo Villalba, Francisco Bermúdez Jiménez, Rafael Martín de los Santos, Salvador Pardo-Gordó, Miguel Cortés Sánchez, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Junta de Andalucía, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España

Subjects
Archeology, 5504.05 Prehistoria, Sinkholes, Southern Iberia, Conservation, Human remains, Mesolithic, Radiocarbon, Education
Abstract

The presence of scattered prehistoric human bones in caves and sinkholes is common in many regions of Iberia. These are usually interpreted as erratic elements coming from burial contexts, usually collective associations. These burial contexts are very frequent in karst areas of the Iberian Peninsula since the Early Neolithic, mostly in the Late Neolithic, and Copper Age, while findings from earlier chronologies are much more unusual. In this work, we present partial remains of a human skull from the Mesolithic period, recovered from a cave in the Strait of Gibraltar area. Although there is no conclusive evidence pointing to a dismantled burial context, this constitutes an isolated find, where its final location appears to be consistent with gravitational fall followed by water transportation., We are grateful to members of the caving groups GES Casares (Casares Underground Exploration Group) and SE Mainake (Speleo-Excursionist Society), and the town Council of Casares for their help throughout the work of survey and archaeological research inside Sima Hedionda II/IV. The frontal bone SHII/IV/7001-7 (known as Cecilín) was first located by Carlos Pintos Zanca, Juan Antonio Rodriguez Alarcón, Rafael Beltran, and Pascal Boutery de la SE Mainake. CT scan was carried out in the Clinical Veterinary Hospital of the University of Cordoba. We would like to thank especially Dr Manuel Novales Durán (Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, UCO) for his help in the scanning process. We would also appreciate the help of Alvaro Perea (Ergonidámica Clínica, Córdoba) in composing Figures 5 and 6 using the OsiriX DICOM Wiever software. Dating Beta-424650 was funded by an internal research grant from La Trobe University. The “Archaeological Survey Project in Sima Hedionda II/IV, Casares (Málaga)” was partly self-financed by the team members themselves, and also partly (Technical equipment, transportation, other datings, maintenance, and accommodation) with the support of the Casares Town Council. Thanks to the efforts of the last institution, this cave is now gated and protected. This work has been carried out in the framework of the Project “Archaeobiology of the Neolithic of the Southern Iberian Peninsula” (NeArqBioSI) A-HUM-460-UGR18 by Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad. FEDER Programme – Junta de Andalucía-Universidad de Granada. Call 2019. SPG is Juan de la Cierva Incorporación (IJC2019-038830-I) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and efforts in improving our manuscript.

Published
2022
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32. Efficient and Specific Multi-Locus Editing of Allogeneic CAR T Cells for Hypoimmunity during Large Scale Manufacture Using Cas12b

Author

Chaivorapol, Christina, primary, Beauchesne, Pascal, additional, De Jesus, Rowena, additional, Dowdle, William E, additional, Chen, Xiaoyu, additional, Bayley, Alison, additional, Qiu, Yunjiang, additional, Birnberg, Andrew, additional, Zheng, Yu, additional, Montalbano, Antonino, additional, Liu, Angela, additional, Zafar, Misbah, additional, Manner, Karl, additional, Ankala, Ramya, additional, Tham, Eleonore, additional, Shah, Heer, additional, Lam, Ben, additional, Lock, Jaclyn, additional, Weng, Lindong, additional, Watts, Kate, additional, Valdiosera, Amanda, additional, Davis, Kimberly, additional, Wang, Lei, additional, Kangeyan, PhD, Divy, additional, Devos, Nicolas, additional, Wong, Athena, additional, Lih, Jason, additional, and Rebar, Edward J, additional

Published
2022
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34. Population genomics of Mesolithic Scandinavia: Investigating early postglacial migration routes and high-latitude adaptation.

Author

Torsten Günther, Helena Malmström, Emma M Svensson, Ayça Omrak, Federico Sánchez-Quinto, Gülşah M Kılınç, Maja Krzewińska, Gunilla Eriksson, Magdalena Fraser, Hanna Edlund, Arielle R Munters, Alexandra Coutinho, Luciana G Simões, Mário Vicente, Anders Sjölander, Berit Jansen Sellevold, Roger Jørgensen, Peter Claes, Mark D Shriver, Cristina Valdiosera, Mihai G Netea, Jan Apel, Kerstin Lidén, Birgitte Skar, Jan Storå, Anders Götherström, and Mattias Jakobsson

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Scandinavia was one of the last geographic areas in Europe to become habitable for humans after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). However, the routes and genetic composition of these postglacial migrants remain unclear. We sequenced the genomes, up to 57× coverage, of seven hunter-gatherers excavated across Scandinavia and dated from 9,500-6,000 years before present (BP). Surprisingly, among the Scandinavian Mesolithic individuals, the genetic data display an east-west genetic gradient that opposes the pattern seen in other parts of Mesolithic Europe. Our results suggest two different early postglacial migrations into Scandinavia: initially from the south, and later, from the northeast. The latter followed the ice-free Norwegian north Atlantic coast, along which novel and advanced pressure-blade stone-tool techniques may have spread. These two groups met and mixed in Scandinavia, creating a genetically diverse population, which shows patterns of genetic adaptation to high latitude environments. These potential adaptations include high frequencies of low pigmentation variants and a gene region associated with physical performance, which shows strong continuity into modern-day northern Europeans.

Published
2018
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35. Pulling out the 1%: Whole-Genome Capture for the Targeted Enrichment of Ancient DNA Sequencing Libraries

Author

Carpenter, Meredith L., Buenrostro, Jason D., Valdiosera, Cristina, Schroeder, Hannes, Allentoft, Morten E., Sikora, Martin, Rasmussen, Morten, Gravel, Simon, Guillén, Sonia, Nekhrizov, Georgi, Leshtakov, Krasimir, Dimitrova, Diana, Theodossiev, Nikola, Pettener, Davide, Luiselli, Donata, Sandoval, Karla, Moreno-Estrada, Andrés, Li, Yingrui, Wang, Jun, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Willerslev, Eske, Greenleaf, William J., and Bustamante, Carlos D.

Published
2013
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36. From Red to Mexican Pink

Author

De Orellana, Margarita, Smithies, Padraic, Vargas, Rafael, Suderman, Michelle, Olivier, Guilhem, Magaloni, Diana, Marín, Clara, Neurath, Johannes, Pope, Quentin, Barrientos, Leopoldo Trejo, Durango, Laura, Turok, Marta, Pereda, Juan Carlos, Valdiosera, Ramón, and Zurita, Ricardo Muñoz

Published
2013

40. Efficient and Specific Multi-Locus Editing of Allogeneic CAR T Cells for Hypoimmunity during Large Scale Manufacture Using Cas12b

Author

Christina Chaivorapol, Pascal Beauchesne, Rowena De Jesus, William E Dowdle, Xiaoyu Chen, Alison Bayley, Yunjiang Qiu, Andrew Birnberg, Yu Zheng, Antonino Montalbano, Angela Liu, Misbah Zafar, Karl Manner, Ramya Ankala, Eleonore Tham, Heer Shah, Ben Lam, Jaclyn Lock, Lindong Weng, Kate Watts, Amanda Valdiosera, Kimberly Davis, Lei Wang, Divy Kangeyan, PhD, Nicolas Devos, Athena Wong, Jason Lih, and Edward J Rebar

Subjects
Immunology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry
Published
2022
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41. Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico

Author

Viridiana Villa-Islas, Alan Izarraras-Gomez, Maximilian Larena, Elizabeth Mejía Perez Campos, Marcela Sandoval-Velasco, Juan Esteban Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Miriam Bravo-Lopez, Barbara Moguel, Rosa Fregel, Jazeps Medina Tretmanis, David Alberto Velázquez-Ramírez, Alberto Herrera-Muñóz, Karla Sandoval, Maria A. Nieves-Colón, Gabriela Zepeda, Fernando A Villanea, Eugenia Fernández Villanueva Medina, Ramiro Aguayo-Haro, Cristina Valdiosera, Alexander Ioannidis, Andrés Moreno-Estrada, Flora Jay, Emilia Huerta-Sanchez, Federico Sánchez-Quinto, and María C. Ávila-Arcos

Abstract

Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica are two distinct cultural areas that hosted numerous pre-Hispanic civilizations between 2,500 BCE and 1,521 CE. The division between these regions shifted southward due to severe droughts ca. 1,100 years ago, allegedly driving demographic changes and population replacement in some sites in central Mexico. Here, we present shotgun genome-wide data from 12 individuals and 26 mitochondrial genomes from eight pre-Hispanic archaeological sites across Mexico, including two at the shifting border of Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica. We find population continuity spanning the climate change episode and a broad preservation of the genetic structure across present-day Mexico for the last 2,300 years. Lastly, we identify a contribution to pre-Hispanic populations of northern and central Mexico from an ancient unsampled ‘ghost’ population.

Published
2022
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42. Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico

Author

Villa-Islas, Viridiana, primary, Izarraras-Gomez, Alan, additional, Larena, Maximilian, additional, Campos, Elizabeth Mejía Perez, additional, Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela, additional, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Juan Esteban, additional, Bravo-Lopez, Miriam, additional, Moguel, Barbara, additional, Fregel, Rosa, additional, Tretmanis, Jazeps Medina, additional, Velázquez-Ramírez, David Alberto, additional, Herrera-Muñóz, Alberto, additional, Sandoval, Karla, additional, Nieves-Colón, Maria A., additional, Zepeda, Gabriela, additional, Villanea, Fernando A, additional, Medina, Eugenia Fernández Villanueva, additional, Aguayo-Haro, Ramiro, additional, Valdiosera, Cristina, additional, Ioannidis, Alexander, additional, Moreno-Estrada, Andrés, additional, Jay, Flora, additional, Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia, additional, Sánchez-Quinto, Federico, additional, and Ávila-Arcos, María C., additional

Published
2022
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43. Osteological identification criteria for Capra pyrenaica and Capra hircus validated with DNA

Author

Cristina Valdiosera, Juan Luis Arsuaga, Mª Ángeles Galindo-Pellicena, and Irene Ureña

Subjects
capra pyrenaica, capra hircus, dna, neolithic, palaeolithic, chaves site, Osteology, Evolutionary biology, Capra hircus, Paleontology, Identification (biology), Biology, Osteometry, biology.organism_classification, Capra pyrenaica, QE701-760, Identification criteria
Abstract

The taxonomic identification of Capra hircus and Capra pyrenaica from bone remains is essential in order to be able to infer a prehistoric society’s subsistence strategy. Although osteometry is the criterion that is typically used to distinguish both of these species, Sarrion (1988) also defined morphological characteristics for distinguishing them. The objective of this work is to validate these morphological criteria with the genetic identification of ovicaprine bone remains from Palaeolithic and Neolithic levels of the Chaves site (Sierra de Guara, Huesca). The preliminary results indicate that the astragalus and calcaneus are more adequate for identifying Capra pyrenaica and Capra hircus and the discrimination criteria of mandibles and metacarpals are called into question

Published
2020

44. El ADN antiguo aplicado a contextos arqueopaleontológicos: el caso de la cueva de Arlanpe (Lemoa, Bizkaia)

Author

Iriarte, E., Arsuaga, J.L., Rodríguez, R., Arceredillo, D., Ureña, I., Garate, D., Svensson, E.M., Ríos-Garaizar, J., Gómez-Olivencia, A., and Valdiosera, C.

Subjects
Determinación taxonómica, domesticación, ADN mitocondrial., Auxiliary sciences of history, Archaeology, CC1-960
Abstract

Los estudios de ADN antiguo están permitiendo conocer nuevos datos sobre la biología de especies actuales y extintas. Las técnicas de ADN antiguo pueden ser una herramienta adicional y complementaria dentro de los estudios multidisciplinares que son necesarios para abordar distintas problemáticas arqueopaleontológicas. En este artículo repasamos algunas de las aplicaciones en estos contextos: la determinación taxonómica y sexual, los estudios para conocer el proceso de domesticación, o la estructura filogeográfica durante ciclos glaciares subrayando la existencia o no de refugios glaciares. También proporcionamos información preliminar referente a la aplicación de estas técnicas en el yacimiento de Arlanpe (Lemoa, Bizkaia). En este yacimiento hemos obtenido ADN mitocondrial de muestras de oso pardo, gran bóvido y cabra montés. Una de las muestras de oso pardo de Arlanpe está dentro del clado 3c compuesto de osos pardos extintos de Alaska. Dos de las muestras de gran bóvido de Arlanpe han sido clasificadas como uro (Bos primigenius) mediante métodos genéticos.

Published
2011

45. Fallen and Lost into the Abyss? A Mesolithic Human Skull from Sima Hedionda IV (Casares, Málaga, Iberian Peninsula)

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Martínez Sánchez, Rafael M., Bretones García, María Dolores, Valdiosera, Cristina, Vera Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, López Flores, Inmaculada, Simón Vallejo, María Dolores, Ruiz Borrega, Pilar, Martínez Fernández, María J., Romo Villalba, Jorge L., Bermúdez Jiménez, Francisco, Martín de los Santos, Rafael, Pardo Gordó, Salvador, Cortés Sánchez, Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Martínez Sánchez, Rafael M., Bretones García, María Dolores, Valdiosera, Cristina, Vera Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, López Flores, Inmaculada, Simón Vallejo, María Dolores, Ruiz Borrega, Pilar, Martínez Fernández, María J., Romo Villalba, Jorge L., Bermúdez Jiménez, Francisco, Martín de los Santos, Rafael, Pardo Gordó, Salvador, and Cortés Sánchez, Miguel

Abstract

The presence of scattered prehistoric human bones in caves and sinkholes is common in many regions of Iberia. These are usually interpreted as erratic elements coming from burial contexts, usually collective associations. These burial contexts are very frequent in karst areas of the Iberian Peninsula since the Early Neolithic, mostly in the Late Neolithic, and Copper Age, while findings from earlier chronologies are much more unusual. In this work, we present partial remains of a human skull from the Mesolithic period, recovered from a cave in the Strait of Gibraltar area. Although there is no conclusive evidence pointing to a dismantled burial context, this constitutes an isolated find, where its final location appears to be consistent with gravitational fall followed by water transportation.

Published
2022

46. Bioarchaeological evidence of one of the earliest Islamic burials in the Levant

Author

Uppsala University, Srigyan, Megha, Bolívar, Héctor, Ureña, Irene, Santana, Jonathan, Petersen, Andrew, Iriarte, Eneko, Kırdök, Emrah, Bergfeldt, Nora, Mora, Alice, Jakobsson, Mattias, Abdo, Khaled, Braemer, Frank, Smith, Colin, Ibáñez-Estévez, Juan José, Götherström, Anders, Günther, Torsten, Valdiosera, Cristina, Uppsala University, Srigyan, Megha, Bolívar, Héctor, Ureña, Irene, Santana, Jonathan, Petersen, Andrew, Iriarte, Eneko, Kırdök, Emrah, Bergfeldt, Nora, Mora, Alice, Jakobsson, Mattias, Abdo, Khaled, Braemer, Frank, Smith, Colin, Ibáñez-Estévez, Juan José, Götherström, Anders, Günther, Torsten, and Valdiosera, Cristina

Abstract

The Middle East plays a central role in human history harbouring a vast diversity of ethnic, cultural and religious groups. However, much remains to be understood about past and present genomic diversity in this region. Here we present a multidisciplinary bioarchaeological analysis of two individuals dated to the late 7th and early 8th centuries, the Umayyad Era, from Tell Qarassa, an open-air site in modern-day Syria. Radiocarbon dates and burial type are consistent with one of the earliest Islamic Arab burials in the Levant. Interestingly, we found genomic similarity to a genotyped group of modern-day Bedouins and Saudi rather than to most neighbouring Levantine groups. This study represents the genomic analysis of a secondary use site with characteristics consistent with an early Islamic burial in the Levant. We discuss our findings and possible historic scenarios in the light of forces such as genetic drift and their possible interaction with religious and cultural processes (including diet and subsistence practices).

Published
2022

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