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1. Earth’s ambipolar electrostatic field and its role in ion escape to space

Author

Collinson, Glyn A., Glocer, Alex, Pfaff, Robert, Barjatya, Aroh, Conway, Rachel, Breneman, Aaron, Clemmons, James, Eparvier, Francis, Michell, Robert, Mitchell, David, Imber, Suzie, Akbari, Hassanali, Davis, Lance, Kavanagh, Andrew, Robertson, Ellen, Swanson, Diana, Xu, Shaosui, Miller, Jacob, Cameron, Timothy, Chornay, Dennis, Uribe, Paulo, Nguyen, Long, Clayton, Robert, Graves, Nathan, Debchoudhury, Shantanab, Valentine, Henry, and Ghalib, Ahmed

Published
2024
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2. The Endurance Rocket Mission: Gauging Earth’s Ambipolar Electric Potential

Author

Collinson, Glyn, Glocer, Alex, Pfaff, Rob, Barjatya, Aroh, Bissett, Scott, Blix, Kolbjørn, Breneman, Aaron, Clemmons, Jim, Eparvier, Francis, Gass, Ted, Michell, Robert, Mitchell, David, Imber, Suzie, Ghalib, Ahmed, Akbari, Hassanali, Ansted, Glen, Baddeley, Lisa, Bahr, Håvard, Bain, Gary, Bonsteel, Brian, Borgen, Henry, Bowden, Daniel, Bowker, Dave, Cameron, Tim, Campbell, Meredith, Cathell, Philip, Chornay, Dennis, Clayton, Robert, Conser, Larry, Davis, Lance, Donohue, Sean, Eilertsen, Leif Jonny, Etheridge, Charles, Graves, Nathan, Häggstrøm, Ingemar, Hanssen, Preben, Haugh, Herbert, Helgesen, Espen, Henderson, Jordan, Herseth, Kim Roar, Hickman, John, Jensen, Kent-Gøran, Jester, Travis, Johnson, Eric, Johnson, Hunter, Kavanagh, Andrew, King, Max, Knight, David, Laman, Russell, Lankford, Trevor, Lien, Rolf, Lester, Mark, Marsh, Gordon, Martin, Steve, Morris, Norman, Nguyen, Long, Nelson, Richard, Ogundere, Wale, Osbakk, Karl Henning, Page, Dave, Polidan, Joe, Raley, Devon, Raymond, Richard, Robertson, Ellen, Rosanova, Giovanni, Rosnack, Traci, Serabian, Belinda, Simonsen, Roger, Søreng, Jan Arne, Sveen, Jostein, Swanson, Diana, Swift, Robert, Uribe, Paulo, Valentine, Henry, Waters, Frank, West, Libby, and Wilson, Tim

Published
2022
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3. APEP: Eclipse Sounding Rocket Campaign

Author

Barjatya, Aroh, primary, Clayton, Robert, additional, Debchoudhury, Shantanab, additional, Zettergren, Matthew, additional, Valentine, Henry, additional, Graves, Nathan, additional, Conway, Rachel, additional, Ribbens, Peter, additional, Milford, Joshua, additional, Obenberger, Kenneth, additional, Holmes, Jeffrey, additional, Chau, Jorge (Koki), additional, Lynch, Kristina, additional, Mrak, Sebastijan, additional, and Bullett, Terry, additional

Published
2024
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4. Low Cost Magnetometer Calibration and Distributed Simultaneous Multipoint Ionospheric Measurements from a Sounding Rocket Platform

Author

2471971, Milford, Joshua W, Barjatya, Aroh, Clayton, Robert E, Graves, Nathan P, Valentine, Henry C, Ribbens, Peter A, 2471971, Milford, Joshua W, Barjatya, Aroh, Clayton, Robert E, Graves, Nathan P, Valentine, Henry C, and Ribbens, Peter A

Abstract

Low cost and low size-weight-and-power magnetometers can provide greater accessibility for distributed simultaneous measurements in the ionosphere, either onboard sounding rockets or on CubeSats. The Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Laboratory at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University launched a midlatitude sounding rocket named SpEED Demon from Wallops Flight Facility in August 2022. SpEED Demon has a comprehensive suite of instruments for electrodynamics and neutral dynamics measurements. Among this suite is one high performance Billingsley magnetometer (TFM65VQS) and six commercial-off-the-shelf magnetometers manufactured by the PNI Corporation (RM3100). Of the six, two PNI magnetometers are situated on a deployable boom on the main payload that also carries the Billingsley magnetometer. The remaining four PNI magnetometers are distributed among four ejectable subpayloads. These low-cost and low SWaP magnetometers can achieve a resolution of approximately 1.5 nT and a precision of +/- 4 nT (one sigma) at 15 Hz in a uniform magnetic field. This performance is sufficient for detecting and measuring field aligned currents as well as a variety of other geomagnetic disturbances. The magnetometers are calibrated against an independently calibrated flux-gate magnetometer inside a Helmholtz cage. Zero field offsets are quantified inside a triple-layer mu-metal zero gauss chamber. This work will present the calibration process, the calibration results, and the flight performance of these sensors from the SpEED Demon sounding rocket launch.

Published
2023

5. Methods for Measuring Spacecraft Floating Potential Using a Contaminated Sweeping Langmuir Probe and Floating Potential Probe System

Author

conwayr2, Conway, Rachel, Barjatya, Aroh, Clayton, Robert, Debchoudhury, Shantanab, Graves, Nathan, Valentine, Henry, conwayr2, Conway, Rachel, Barjatya, Aroh, Clayton, Robert, Debchoudhury, Shantanab, Graves, Nathan, and Valentine, Henry

Abstract

Spacecraft in the near-Earth environment experience electrostatic charging from thermal plasma, surface contamination, photoelectron emission, and additional charge sources onboard. Unknown or incorrect values of space- craft floating potential can lead to erroneous scientific measurements. Sweeping Langmuir Probes (SLP) can provide spacecraft charging values but frequently experience surface contamination from dust, oils, water, and/or surface oxidation. This contamination presents itself through distortion of the collected Current Voltage (IV) curve and can lead to incorrect potential measurements. This relationship is investigated through simulation, using Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) to simulate a contaminated SLP in Earth’s ionosphere. The resulting error in the SLP’s potential measurement is discussed and new methods for deriving the spacecraft floating potential are presented. The results are then verified using in-situ sounding rocket data.

Published
2023

6. Mesosphere-Lower-Thermosphere Neutral Density Measurements from Low-cost COTS Accelerometers and Ionization Gauge

Author

gravesn, Graves, Nathan P, Barjatya, Aroh, Clayton, Robert, Valentine, Henry, Lehmacher, Gerald A., gravesn, Graves, Nathan P, Barjatya, Aroh, Clayton, Robert, Valentine, Henry, and Lehmacher, Gerald A.

Abstract

Measurements of aerodynamic drag on objects can be used to determine the density of the medium provided other variables are known. The Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Laboratory launched a midlatitude sounding rocket named SpEED Demon from Wallops Flight Facility in August 2022. Among the instruments onboard were sensitive low-cost MEMS accelerometers allowing for neutral density measurements through the drag technique up to 100km in altitude. In addition to sensitive accelerometers on the main payload, four ejectable subpayloads also carry an accelerometer providing simultaneous multi-point neutral density measurements, akin to a ‘falling cylinder’ experiment. We present the flight performance and results of this drag-based density measurement technique from the SpEED Demon launch. Drag-derived density results are compared with density measurements from an ionization gauge instrument and the MSIS atmospheric model to provide validation of the technique, showing agreement within 10% in the 80-100km altitude range.

Published
2023

7. Paper test card for detection of adulterated milk

Author

Valentine Henry de Frahan, Jamie L. Luther, and Marya Lieberman

Subjects
Analyte, Starch, General Chemical Engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, General Engineering, food and beverages, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Test card, chemistry, Food science, Sugar
Abstract

In developing countries, milk is adulterated to meet demand and increase profit. Often the milk is diluted with water, and sugar, urea, and starch are added to mimic the color, consistency, and nitrogen content of the real thing. Since laboratory tests for detecting these adulterants are difficult to perform in a field setting, we developed an inexpensive, paper analytical device (MilkPAD) to detect these analytes in milk. All of the reagents, buffers, and enzymes needed to perform each test are stored in dry form in the paper. The user just needs to pipette several drops of the milk onto each reaction area, wait 40 minutes, and take a cell phone photo of the test card. The test card can colorimetrically detect a variety of starches (0.005% w/v), urea (in excess of 70 mg dL−1), and the sugars glucose and sucrose (in excess of 0.1 mM). The sensitivity and specificity of the MilkPAD is greater than 90% for detection of any of these adulterants at concentrations that are typically found in adulterated milk.

Published
2017
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8. Influence of the Agulhas Current on summer rainfall along the southeast coast of South Africa

Author

Lutjeharms, Johann R.E., Valentine, Henry R., and Jury, Mark R.

Subjects
Rain and rainfall -- Africa, Earth sciences
Abstract

The proximity and temperature of the warm Agulhas Current affects the summer rainfall on the Southeast coast of Africa. All t-test correlations between coastal rainfall and local sea surface temperature, shelf width and offshore distance to the thermal core are greater than significance at the 99% confidence limit. Summer rainfall formations suggest the presence of a large-scale gradient from northeast to southwest, in the same direction as that of SST. Changes along the shore in the rainfall gradient seem linked to the distances between the warm current at the shelf edge and the coast, and to oceanographic influences.

Published
1993

10. John Donne: The Epithalamions, Anniversaries and Epicedes

Author

Donne, John, primary, Walton, Izaak, additional, Carew, Thomas, additional, Mayne, Jasper, additional, King, Henry, additional, Corbett, Richard, additional, Godolphin, Sidney, additional, Browne, Sir Thomas, additional, Clarendon, Edward Hyde, first earl of, additional, Browne, Thomas [Tho.], additional, [Hide], Edward Hyde, additional, Valentine, Henry, additional, [Carie], Sir Lucius Cary, additional, Wilson, Arthur, additional, Busby, Richard, additional, Darnelly, Daniel, additional, and Chudleigh, John, additional

Published
1978
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12. A fine-scale volumetric census of the water masses of the Agulhas retroflection area

Author

Valentine, Henry Richard and Brundrit, Geoff B

Subjects
Oceanography
Abstract

Two studies of the quantification of water masses around southern Africa are described in this thesis. The first, a pilot study, is concerned with the volumetric analysis of historic hydrographic data from the region off the South African west coast. It uses data that have been collected with various instruments over a considerable period of time and with relatively poor vertical and horizontal resolution. Nevertheless meaningful and significant results have been obtained: (i) The T/S characteristics of the upwelling domain and the open-ocean are significantly different and show no overlap. Upwelled water is derived from different parts of the South Atlantic Central Water mass. (ii) Upwelled water, irrespective of its particular origin the Central Water mass, eventually is heated to a limit of 23°C. (iii) The volume of water in each bivariate T/S class of Central Water, which is available for upwelling, are constant. This implies that the intensity of upwelling may be estimated from the salinity of the upwelled water only. The second or main study is concerned with the Agulhas Retroflection area. This is located in the broader South-East Atlantic/South West Indian ocean region, which is identified as a serious gap in a previously published fine-scale volumetric census of the world ocean. Recently collected, high quality hydrographic data make it possible to rectify this. This is the principle objective of this thesis. Some results include: I. The subtle differences between the Central water of South Atlantic Ocean origin and that of the South Indian ocean were addressed. These differences are real and distinguishable as is shown using both historic data and high quality hydrographic data. 2. For the first time, reliable quantitative estimates for the warm and thermocline water masses are produced. The warm, saline surface water of the Agulhas Retroflection area contributes very little to the overall volume of the upper 1500 m of the water column. 3. The low salinity water from south of the Subtropical Convergence is spread widely (in T/S space) on the less saline side of the three-dimensional volumetric diagrams and has very little volume (less than 1% of the total volume). 4. The more saline, higher volume section of the Central Water in this region corresponds to South West Indian Central Water. 5. Twenty five percent of the total volume of water in this region is contained in only 21 fine-scale bivariate classes. 6. Fifty percent of the water (contained in 71 classes) has a temperature below 3°C. If the lower volume. non-ranked classes were added then almost seventy percent (67,26%) of all the water in the Retroflection area would be colder than 3°C. The results of this census are compared with those of the world ocean census. Although the volume per bivariate class interval is not of the same order of magnitude, the results are remarkably similar. The water masses of the Retroflection area are less diverse than those of the world ocean.

Published
1990

13. Defosiwneu priod wedi ei cymhwyso i bum rhan gweddi: sef, I. Cyffes. II. Rhagddeifyfiad. III. Deifyfiad. IV. Talu-diolch. V. Erfyniad. Ac arch arbennig tros y clâf. A chynghorien a gweddiau ar ddydd yr arglwydd, oslaen cymmun, erbyn dydd marwolaeth, adydd y farn. A dwy weddi beunyddiol, sef boreuol a phrydnbawnol: wedi ei eyfiaethu yn Gymraec, trwy waith W. L. M.A. Rhus. 11. 14

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., W. L., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and W. L.

Abstract

[14], 316, [2] p. : ill., A Welsh translation of: Valentine, Henry. Private devotions., With added engraved title page (A2); verses on A1v., The words "I. Cyffes. .. V. Erfyniad." are connected by a left bracket on title page., Colophon dated 1656., Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library., (DLPS) A64845.0001.001, (stc) Wing V23A, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html, To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.

14. God save the King. A sermon preached in St. Pauls Church the 27th. of March 1639. Being the day of his Maiesties most happy inauguration, and of his northerne expedition. By Henry Valentine, D.D.

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and Valentine, Henry, d. 1643.

Abstract

[2], 36 p., Printer's name from STC., Reproduction of the original in the Yale University. Library., (marc) 99839030, (stc) STC (2nd ed.) 24575., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

15. Foure sea-sermons, preached at the annuall meeting of the Trinitie Companie, in the parish church of Deptford: by Henry Valentine vicar.

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and Valentine, Henry, d. 1643.

Abstract

[6], 70 p., The last three leaves contain prayers to be used at sea., Reproduction of the original in Harvard University. Library., (marc) 99839241, (stc) STC (2nd ed.) 24574., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

16. Private devotions digested into six letanies; I. Of confession. II. Of deprecation. III. Of supplication. IV. Of Thanksgiving. V. Of intercession. VI. For the sick. VVith directions and prayers for the Lords day. Sacrament. day of Death. Judgment. And two daily prayers, one for the morning, another for the evening.

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and Valentine, Henry, d. 1643.

Abstract

[8], 377, [1] p. : ill., Dedication signed: Henry Valentine., A1v = verse; A2v = frontis., Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library., (marc) 99831087, (stc) Wing (2nd ed.) V23B., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

17. Foure sea-sermons, preached at the annuall meeting of the Trinitie Companie, in the parish church of Deptford: by Henry Valentine vicar.

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and Valentine, Henry, d. 1643.

Abstract

[6], 70 p., The last three leaves contain prayers to be used at sea., Reproduction of the original in Harvard University. Library., (marc) 99839241, (stc) STC (2nd ed.) 24574., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

18. God save the King. A sermon preached in St. Pauls Church the 27th. of March 1639. Being the day of his Maiesties most happy inauguration, and of his northerne expedition. By Henry Valentine, D.D.

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and Valentine, Henry, d. 1643.

Abstract

[2], 36 p., Printer's name from STC., Reproduction of the original in the Yale University. Library., (marc) 99839030, (stc) STC (2nd ed.) 24575., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

19. Private devotions digested into six letanies; I. Of confession. II. Of deprecation. III. Of supplication. IV. Of Thanksgiving. V. Of intercession. VI. For the sick. VVith directions and prayers for the Lords day. Sacrament. day of Death. Judgment. And two daily prayers, one for the morning, another for the evening.

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and Valentine, Henry, d. 1643.

Abstract

[8], 377, [1] p. : ill., Dedication signed: Henry Valentine., A1v = verse; A2v = frontis., Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library., (marc) 99831087, (stc) Wing (2nd ed.) V23B., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

20. Defosiwneu priod wedi ei cymhwyso i bum rhan gweddi: sef, I. Cyffes. II. Rhagddeifyfiad. III. Deifyfiad. IV. Talu-diolch. V. Erfyniad. Ac arch arbennig tros y clâf. A chynghorien a gweddiau ar ddydd yr arglwydd, oslaen cymmun, erbyn dydd marwolaeth, adydd y farn. A dwy weddi beunyddiol, sef boreuol a phrydnbawnol: wedi ei eyfiaethu yn Gymraec, trwy waith W. L. M.A. Rhus. 11. 14

Author

Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., W. L., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., Valentine, Henry, d. 1643., and W. L.

Abstract

[14], 316, [2] p. : ill., A Welsh translation of: Valentine, Henry. Private devotions., With added engraved title page (A2); verses on A1v., The words "I. Cyffes. .. V. Erfyniad." are connected by a left bracket on title page., Colophon dated 1656., Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library., (DLPS) A64845.0001.001, (stc) Wing V23A, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html, To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.

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