Search

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive epidermal cancer. We conducted a retrospective study and literature review to investigate the impact that radiation therapy has on local, regional, and distant control as part of the oncologic management of MCC of the head and neck and to further elucidate the role of radiation therapy with regard to regional control for the clinically uninvolved neck. We reviewed all registered cases of head and neck MCC that had occurred at four institutions from January 1988 through December 2005. Treatment and outcomes data were collected on patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I, II, and III tumors. Local, regional, and distant control rates were calculated by comparing variables with the Fisher exact test; Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to report actuarial control data. Stage I to III head and neck MCC was identified in 36 patients— 22 men and 14 women, aged 43 to 97 years (mean: 71.6) at diagnosis. Patients with stage I and II tumors were combined into one group, and their data were compared with those of patients with stage III tumors. Twenty-sixpatients(72%) had clinical stage I/II disease and 10 patients (28%) had clinical stage III disease. Median follow-up was 41 months for the stage I/II group and 19 months for the stage III group. Based on examination at final follow-up visits, local recurrence was seen in 7 of the 36 patients (19%), for a local control rate of 81 %. The 2-year actuarial local control rate for all stages of MCC was 83%; by treatment subgroup, the rates were 95% for those who had undergone radiation therapy to the primary site and 69%) for those who had not— a statistically significant difference(p = 0.020). Based on information obtained at final follow-ups, 10 of the 36 patients (28%) experienced a regional recurrence, for a regional control rate of 72%. The 2-year actuarial regional control rate among all patients was 70%; by subgroup, rates were 82%) for patients who had undergone regional node radiation therapy and 60% for those who had not— not a statistically significant difference (p = 0.225). Nine patients (25%) overall developed a distant metastasis, for a distant control rate of 75%. Salvage therapies included chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to the metastatic site, but neither had any significant effect on survival. Regardless of treatment, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves leveled off at 30 months with 82% survival for the stage I/II group and at 19 months with 60% survival for the stage III group. We conclude that radiation therapy to the primary tumor site (either following resection or definitively) results in a local control rate of more than 90% in patients with head and neck MCC. We also found a trend toward improved regional control of the clinically negative neck with the addition of radiation therapy.

Femoral neuropathy secondary to iliopsoas hematoma has been documented in a variety of case reports and studies 1-3. Iliopsoas hemorrhage and femoral neuropathy can develop without any evidence of trauma in individuals who have hemophilia, particularly in those who have the acquired form of the disease and a factor inhibitor. Patients experience pain deep in the groin, and some present with contracture of the hip in acute flexion. Prolonged insult may result in permanent paresthesias, weakness, and atrophy of the quadriceps muscle. Prompt diagnosis is important because the risk of permanent injury is decreased when therapy is initiated rapidly 2. We will review a case of femoral neuropathy secondary to an iliopsoas hematoma in a woman with an acquired postpartum factor-VIII inhibitor syndrome. We present this case to heighten awareness about this unusual variant of hemophilia and the musculoskeletal sequelae that may result. Our patient was informed that data concerning the case would be submitted for publication. A twenty-nine-year-old woman presented with a three-day history of severe pain in the anterior aspect of the left hip and the proximal aspect of the left thigh. There was no history of trauma. The patient also had numbness in the lateral and the anterior aspect of the thigh, and she was having difficulty walking because she could not extend the hip without severe pain. The patient was four months postpartum and recently had been diagnosed with postpartum factor-VIII inhibitor syndrome after she had presented with spontaneous bruising of the extremities. Three days before the current presentation, she had been discharged from the hospital after being treated for a spontaneous hemorrhage in the left calf and tarsal tunnel. The medical history of this patient was otherwise unremarkable. Physical examination revealed an otherwise healthy-appearing, thin woman. The patient held the left …

Although yaws is rare in developed countries, as worldwide travel has become commonplace, it is essential to recognize this condition when evaluating patients who traveled from endemic regions. Herein, we discuss a case of secondary yaws presenting as extensive expanding annular lesions to raise awareness of this condition.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive epidermal cancer. We conducted a retrospective study and literature review to investigate the impact that radiation therapy has on local, regional, and distant control as part of the oncologic management of MCC of the head and neck and to further elucidate the role of radiation therapy with regard to regional control for the clinically uninvolved neck. We reviewed all registered cases of head and neck MCC that had occurred at four institutions from January 1988 through December 2005. Treatment and outcomes data were collected on patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I, II, and III tumors. Local, regional, and distant control rates were calculated by comparing variables with the Fisher exact test; Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to report actuarial control data. Stage I to III head and neck MCC was identified in 36 patients-22 men and 14 women, aged 43 to 97 years (mean: 71.6) at diagnosis. Patients with stage I and II tumors were combined into one group, and their data were compared with those of patients with stage III tumors. Twenty-six patients (72%) had clinical stage I/II disease and 10 patients (28%) had clinical stage III disease. Median follow-up was 41 months for the stage I/II group and 19 months for the stage III group. Based on examination at final follow-up visits, local recurrence was seen in 7 of the 36 patients (19%), for a local control rate of 81%. The 2-year actuarial local control rate for all stages of MCC was 83%; by treatment subgroup, the rates were 95% for those who had undergone radiation therapy to the primary site and 69% for those who had not-a statistically significant difference (p = 0.020). Based on information obtained at final follow-ups, 10 of the 36 patients (28%) experienced a regional recurrence, for a regional control rate of 72%. The 2-year actuarial regional control rate among all patients was 70%; by subgroup, rates were 82% for patients who had undergone regional node radiation therapy and 60% for those who had not-not a statistically significant difference (p = 0.225). Nine patients (25%) overall developed a distant metastasis, for a distant control rate of 75%. Salvage therapies included chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to the metastatic site, but neither had any significant effect on survival. Regardless of treatment, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves leveled off at 30 months with 82% survival for the stage I/II group and at 19 months with 60% survival for the stage III group. We conclude that radiation therapy to the primary tumor site (either following resection or definitively) results in a local control rate of more than 90% in patients with head and neck MCC. We also found a trend toward improved regional control of the clinically negative neck with the addition of radiation therapy.