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INTRODUCTION: the incidence lung cancer has risen 25% in recent years with 10% survival at 5 years. Response to treatment needs to be evaluated using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and conventional measuring methods. PURPOSE: stage response to treatment with the RECIST, comparing such measurements with the conventional radiological method. MATERIAL AND METHOD: we studied 51 patients in the period January 2012 to September 2015 with histological diagnosis of lung carcinoma. RESULTS: statistically significant difference in the RECIST group was observed in the baseline and follow-up studies compared with conventional methods. There was no significant difference between the three measuring methods in baseline and follow-up studies in evaluation of target lesions; we propose that the three measuring methods can be used in evaluating target lesions. Because the T test showed statistically significant difference between baseline and follow-up evaluations of the one-dimensional method, we recommend using it in global evaluation of response to treatment. CONCLUSION: the RECIST are superior to conventional methods because they include non-target lesions, new lesions to assign global response, where the latter was changed to include the aforementioned lesions, altering the classification of response to treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stereotactic radiotherapy is a non-invasive procedure in which doses of radiation are administered to cerebral lesions in an ablative attempt. Magnetic resonance plays an important role in evaluating therapeutic response and complications. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze brain metastases by magnetic resonance, evaluating the changes that occur following treatment with stereotactic radiotherapy to determine whether image characteristics are related to the treatment success rate. Material and methods: A study of cases and controls in 20 metastases was conducted, of patients subjected to stereotactic radiotherapy, who had baseline magnetic resonance and post-treatment control. The variables analyzed were: volume of lesion, detection of lesion, perilesional edema, and mass effect. Results: no magnetic resonance image characteristics were observed that could be associated with a poor response to treatment; however, metastases originating in a melanoma were associated with poor response to treatment. Size larger than 1 cm³ was associated with good response to treatment, and the origin of metastases in primary tumors of the lung. Conclusions: Among the lesions analyzed only the size larger than 1 cm³ as a variable assessed by image was associated with a good response to treatment, and with the pulmonary origin of metastasis. Melanoma as the origin of metastasis was associated with poor response to treatment. Due to the limited number of patients, these results should be considered preliminary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Compare changes in renal function in hospitalized patients exposed to intravenous contrast medium with changes in renal function in unexposed patients. Material and methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted analyzing changes in serum creatinine values in patients before wand after administration of contrast medium compared with similar patients who were not exposed to contrast medium. Results. Thirty-three patients with exposure to intravenous contrast were monitored, of whom only two (6%) presented alteration of renal function. Also, 65 patients not exposed to intravenous contrast were monitored, of whom 11 (16%) presented alteration of renal function. Conclusions. Applying intravenous contrast to perform diagnostic studies does not increase the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in hospitalized patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. There are tools to quantitatively study the volume of the hippocampus. Such study would help to complement, more objectively and precisely, structural alterations that may be associated with the data obtained from electroencephalograms. Material and methods. Seventeen patients, between 3 and 11 years of age, with diagnosis of first-time seizures and from whom magnetic resonance studies and electroencephalograms were available, were analyzed. Results:.The left temporal lobe was involved in 3 patients, of whom 1 (5%) was found to be normal in the magnetic resonance and 2 (11%) abnormal with diagnoses of venous angioma and cortical atrophy. No significant difference was found between the two groups for the results obtained with resonance (Student p value: 0.6) and those obtained with electroencephalography (Student p value: 0.3). Electroencephalographic alterations in the frontal region were observed in 8 (47%) patients, 4 (23%) predominantly left, 1 (5%) right, and 3 (17%) bilateral; of those, in 5 (29%) cases the resonance was normal, one had left temporal atrophy, one diagnosis of meningitis, and one more of medulloblastoma. Discussion. In the remaining 3 (17%) patients we found generalized cortical involvement in the electroencephalogram, but resonance found one normal study, one suprasellar ependymoma, and one patient with agenesis of the corpus callosum. Conclusion. it was not possible to show a statistically significant value that could relate the results obtained by magnetic resonance with those obtained by electroencephalography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Establish whether there is a relationship between increased size of Hoffa's fat pad and gonalgia. Material and methods. We studied 86 patients with gonalgia evaluated by analog pain scale. We measured the upper, middle, and lower diameters of Hoffa's fat pad in sequence of proton density at the level of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and in sequences T1, T2, and magnetic resonance gradient echo. Results. Edema of Hoffa's fat pad was found in 57% of the patients and prominence in 40%; its presence suggests significant findings in diagnosis of patients who report gonalgia. Discussion. No relationship was proven between knee pain and increased diameters of Hoffa's fat pad; however, a possible relationship cannot be ruled out. Conclusion. Pearson tests showed that there is no relationship between the pain reported by patients and the different fat pad diameters measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Know the effective dose of radiation (mSv) received by patients hospitalized in an intensive care ward, determine if it is greater than that received by patients in standard care areas and if there is any relationship with different variables such as number of studies performed, duration of hospital stay, and number of doctors attending to the patients. Material and methods. Approximate calculation of radiation depending on the number of studies with a radiation risk calculator; it is acknowledged that this calculation will be only approximate. A sample of 100 patients was obtained, of whom 72 formed the control group (patients in standard care areas) and 28 were hospitalized in an intensive care ward. Result. We observed an association of 9% in intensive care patients and 15% in standard care patients in terms of dose of radiation. The intensive care patients received, on average, 59% more radiation than standard care patients: 15.5 mSv vs. 6.5 mSv, respectively. Conclusion. Based on the results, we could not prove an association between number of studies performed, number of attending physicians, or days of hospitalization and doses of radiation received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]