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Background: The shortage of nurses is a global health problem and one of the main challenges for healthcare systems throughout the world including Iran. One of factors that affect the migration trends is psychological needs satisfaction. This study aimed at identifying the psychological factors which persuade Iranian nurses to migrate and suggesting necessary measures in this regard. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted through a traditional content analysis approach on 20 working Iranian nurses who are migrating to other countries between 2015 and 2017. Data were collected through interviews and observation in different wards of hospitals in Iran. Data were written and analyzed after reduction, naming them, obtaining analytical codes, and identifying the categories and subcategories using traditional method. Results: Three main categories in relation to satisfaction of the psychological needs and reasons for migration were obtained after data analysis. The first category was “authority” with two subcategories of independent decision-making power and being unconsidered, the second category was “social support” with three subcategories of communication with health team members, communication with nurse colleagues, and communication with nurse managers, and the third category was “job promotion” with four subcategories of addressing the routines, nurse role, job promotion opportunities, and teaching organizational environment. Conclusion: Identifying problems and obstacles to achieve the goal is the first step to solve the problem. This study provided further and clearer understanding of psychological causes regarding decision of nurses to migrate to developed countries, and nurses noted that the decision to migrate is in the search to meet their psychological needs.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Feeding intolerance is a common phenomenon in the NICU. Nursing care is a key factor in increasing the survival, health and development of premature infants. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Kangaroo mother care on feeding tolerance in preterm infants.METHODS: This cross over clinical trial study was performed on 100 (28-32 weeks) infants in Al-Zahra Teaching and 29 Bahman Hospitals in 2012. The infants were randomly selected and divided into two groups. The infants of first group were placed in the position of kangaroo mother care and supine position at twice of first gavage and subsequent gavage, respectively. The infants of second group were placed vice versa at twice of first and second gavage. Then the gastric residual volume was measured one and two hour/s after each feeding and three measures of abdominal distention, vomiting and defecation were examined and compared in both groups. (IRCT: 201209254613N9)FINDINGS: Statistically, there was no significant difference between two groups in terms of demographic variables, weight, gestational age, the volume of gavaged milk, chronological age. Percentage of gavage residual volume average in the first position of kangaroo mother care (10/86±9/26) was lower than the supine position (28/55±21/39) (p≤0/001) and the number of babies who had ≥25% gavage residual volume in the supine position were larger than kangaroo mother care position. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the kangaroo mother care position was effective on the feeding tolerance of preterm infants. If the infants are in kangaroo mother care position, they can benefit from not only the kangaroo mother care but also the positive impact on the functioning of the digestive system.

In this study, we examined whether age can be predicted on the basis of different anatomical features obtained from a large sample of healthy subjects (n = 3,144). From this sample we obtained different anatomical feature sets: (1) 11 larger brain regions (including cortical volume, thickness, area, subcortical volume, cerebellar volume, etc.), (2) 148 cortical compartmental thickness measures, (3) 148 cortical compartmental area measures, (4) 148 cortical compartmental volume measures, and (5) a combination of the above‐mentioned measures. With these anatomical feature sets, we predicted age using 6 statistical techniques (multiple linear regression, ridge regression, neural network, k‐nearest neighbourhood, support vector machine, and random forest). We obtained very good age prediction accuracies, with the highest accuracy being R (2) = 0.84 (prediction on the basis of a neural network and support vector machine approaches for the entire data set) and the lowest being R (2) = 0.40 (prediction on the basis of a k‐nearest neighborhood for cortical surface measures). Interestingly, the easy‐to‐calculate multiple linear regression approach with the 11 large brain compartments resulted in a very good prediction accuracy (R (2) = 0.73), whereas the application of the neural network approach for this data set revealed very good age prediction accuracy (R (2) = 0.83). Taken together, these results demonstrate that age can be predicted well on the basis of anatomical measures. The neural network approach turned out to be the approach with the best results. In addition, it was evident that good prediction accuracies can be achieved using a small but nevertheless age‐representative dataset of brain features. Hum Brain Mapp 38:997–1008, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Background: Hip fracture Management in supine position on a fracture table with biplane fluoroscopic views has some difficulties which leads to prolongation of surgery and increasing x- rays’ dosage. The purpose of this study was to report the results and complications of hip fracture management in lateral position on a conventional operating table with just anteroposterior fluoroscopic view. Methods: 40 hip fractures (31 trochanteric and 9 femoral neck fractures) were operated in lateral position between Feb 2006 and Oct 2012. Age, gender, fracture classification, operation time, intra-operation blood loss, reduction quality, and complications were extracted from patients’ medical records. The mean follow-up time was 30.78±22.73 months (range 4-83). Results: The mean operation time was 76.50 ± 16.88 min (range 50 – 120 min).The mean intra-operative blood loss was 628.75 ± 275.00 ml (range 250-1300ml). Anatomic and acceptable reduction was observed in 95%of cases. The most important complications were malunion (one case in trochanteric group), avascular necrosis of oral head and nonunion (each one case in femoral neck group). Conclusions: It sounds that reduction and fixation of hip fractures in lateral position with fluoroscopy in just anteroposterior view for small rural hospitals may be executable and probably safe.

Background & Aim: Technology advancement has increased the survival rates of premature infants. Preterm newborns frequently experience oral feeding difficulties due to lack of coordination in sucking, swallowing and respiration. This may negatively affect attainment of independent oral feeding skill and leads to longer hospital stays. This study aimed to examine the effects of non-nutritive sucking vs. oral massage therapy on attainment of independent oral feeding and length of stay in the NICU . Methods & Materials: This clinical trial was conducted on 72 premature infants (28-32 week gestational age) hospitalized in the NICU of Alzahra Hospital in Tabriz in 2013. The eligible infants were randomly allocated to one of the three groups: oral massage, non-nutritive sucking, and control groups. Newborn infants in the oral massage group received pre- and intraoral massage therapy (before gavage) for at least 10 days. The newborn infants in the non-nutritive sucking group were encouraged to suck on a finger of mother or the researcher before gavage. The control group received usual care. The time to attain independent oral feeding and length of stay in the hospital were compared in the groups . Results: Compared to the control group, the time to oral intake was significantly shorter in both experimental groups (P

Fat embolism syndrome is a clinical diagnosis, and diagnostic procedures are not specific. In every trauma patient, Fat embolism syndrome has to be considered as a possibility and supportive treatment should begin as soon as possible. The authors reported a rare case of Fat embolism syndrome whose only neurological symptom was motor aphasia. A young man sustained comminuted femoral shaft fracture following an accident presented dyspnea, motor aphasia and petechial rash. The Po2 and O2 Saturation were 53 and 91.1%. The body temperature was 38.5 °C. The hemoglobin decreased from 12.9 to 8.7 and platelet from 121000 to 84000 mg/dl. The pulse rate was 120 bpm. The CT scan and MRI were normal. Fat embolism syndrome was diagnosed according to both Gurd and Schonfeld criteria ruling out other possible causes. Patient recovered completely. Although rare, focal neurological symptoms and motor aphasia should be kept in mind as a part of diagnostic criteria.

Background and Objectives: Results of many studies suggest that prone position is effective in improving oxygenation. This study aims at comparing supine and prone positions on oxygenation of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome who are under N-CPAP treatment. Methods: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study on 44 premature infants of 29-34 weeks gestation who were under N-CPAP treatment in NICU of Tabriz Alzahra Hospital, 2010. The infants were randomly divided into 2 groups. The position of the first group was at first, prone and then supine, and for the second group was vice versa. arterial oxygen saturation (SatO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) were assessed in each position for 30 minutes and were recorded in a questionnaire. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Statistical significance was considered at p

In this paper, the novel hybrid finite difference type Crank-Nicolson scheme with the aid of shifted Grünwald estimate is proposed to solve fractional partial differential equations. Consistency of the proposed method is confirmed using fractional Taylor’s expansion. Error analysis and properties of the scheme are proved. It is proved that the truncation error for this scheme is of the order of the fractional. Stability and convergence of the proposed method is proved. The exact solution is obtained via two-steps Adomian decomposition method. Companions are made between this proposed scheme and the closed analytical form solution. Numerical results are given.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence of waterpipe smoking in athletes of Ardabil, a city in the northwest of Iran. Material/Methods: The members of 16 sport associations (n=1647) selected randomly from 49 sport associations in this study. A cluster sampling technique[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 7th EFSMA – European Congress of Sports Medicine, 3rd Central European Congress of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation