Search

The study describes the socio-cultural value of fishing in the Netherlands in terms of: identity, social well-being, cultural heritage and social cohesion. It looked at the effects of policy changes for the fishing community or communities. The Netherlands has 44 fishing communities with an active fleet and 84 historical fishing communities. The fisheries ‘community of practice’ has a shared identity in which in the Netherlands the family business plays an important role. For their (subjective) social well-being, fishing is very important. These (historical) family businesses are anchored in fishing communities, often have locals on board and contribute to social cohesion, (im)material cultural heritage and the social well-being of fishing communities. At the same time, social structures seem to be changing due to consolidation, fishers with a non-Dutch nationality and continuous fishing. The fishing community is unanimously very concerned about the future of fisheries as a result of all policy changes. In particular, they see the redesign of the North Sea with less space for fisheries as a threat. The policy process has led to much distrust. This study describes how the reduction of the fleet has social implications and pleads for monitoring social factors, developing a shared vision for future fisheries and restoring trust, De studie beschrijft de sociaal-culturele waarde van visserij in Nederland aan de hand van: identiteit, sociaal welzijn, cultureel erfgoed en sociale cohesie. Gekeken is naar de effecten van beleidsveranderingen voor visserijgemeenschap(pen). Nederland heeft 44 visserijgemeenschappen met een actieve vloot en 84 historische visserijgemeenschappen. De praktijkgerelateerde visserijgemeenschap in Nederland heeft een gedeelde identiteit waarin het familiebedrijf een belangrijke rol speelt. Voor hun (subjectief) sociaal welzijn is de visserij zeer belangrijk. Deze (historische) familiebedrijven zijn verankerd in de visserijgemeenschappen, hebben veelal plaatsgenoten aan boord en dragen bij aan sociale cohesie, (im)materieel cultureel erfgoed en het sociaal welzijn van visserijgemeenschappen. Tegelijkertijd lijken sociale structuren te veranderen door consolidatie, buitenlandse opvarenden en continu-visserij. De visserijgemeenschap maakt zich eensgezind grote zorgen over de toekomst van de visserij als gevolg van alle beleidswijzigingen. Met name de herinrichting van de Noordzee met minder ruimte voor visserij ziet men als een bedreiging. Het proces van beleid heeft geleid tot veel wantrouwen. Deze studie beschrijft hoe de krimp van de vloot maatschappelijk kan doorwerken en pleit voor monitoring van sociale factoren, het ontwikkelen van een gedeelde visie op de toekomstige visserij en herstel van vertrouwen.---The study describes the socio-cultural value of fishing in the Netherlands in terms of: identity, social well-being, cultural heritage and social cohesion. It looked at the effects of policy changes for the fishing community or communities. The Netherlands has 44 fishing communities with an active fleet and 84 historical fishing communities. The fisheries ‘community of practice’ has a shared identity in which in the Netherlands the family business plays an important role. For their (subjective) social well-being, fishing is very important. These (historical) family

Item does not contain fulltext

The developments on the North Sea offer opportunities to strengthen the economy of the Province of South Holland and to improve the spatial quality of the environment. With this research, the Province of South Holland gains better insight into the developments on and surrounding the North Sea that can influence and shape the provincial ambitions. Based on expected trends and developments on and surrounding the North Sea and related stakeholders’ visions, ambitions and opportunities, we develop four scenarios for the future of the Province of South Holland, building on the North Sea scenarios developed by PBL (2018, 2019). For each of these scenarios, we provide insight into the expected economic and spatial impacts as well as an overview of the social challenges, the possible policy instruments and the related roles & responsibilities that these scenarios entail. These scenarios form the basis for the definition of no-regret policy recommendations regarding developments and opportunities related to activities on sea, on the coast and in the port. With this we put topics on the agenda for the development of a coherent (future) economic and spatial-environmental policy for the Province of South Holland., De ontwikkelingen op de Noordzee bieden kansen om de economie in de Provincie Zuid-Holland te versterken en de ruimtelijke omgevingskwaliteit te verbeteren. Met dit onderzoek krijgt de Provincie Zuid-Holland een beter inzicht in de ontwikkelingen op en rond de Noordzee die de provinciale ambities kunnen beïnvloeden en vormen. Op basis van verwachte trends en ontwikkelingen op en rond de Noordzee en gerelateerde visies, ambities en kansen van stakeholders ontwikkelen we, uitgaande van de Noordzeescenario’s ontwikkeld door PBL (2018, 2019), vier scenario’s voor de toekomst voor de Provincie Zuid-Holland. Voor ieder van deze scenario’s geven wij inzicht in de verwachte economische en ruimtelijke impacts evenals een overzicht van de maatschappelijke opgaven, de mogelijke beleidsinstrumenten en de gerelateerde rollen & verantwoordelijkheden die deze scenario’s met zich meebrengen. Deze scenario’s vormen de basis voor de definitie van no-regret beleidsaanbevelingen rond ontwikkelingen en kansen gerelateerd aan activiteiten op zee, aan de kust en in de haven. Hiermee agenderen wij onderwerpen voor het ontwikkelen van een samenhangend (toekomstig) economische en ruimtelijke omgevingsbeleid van de Provincie Zuid-Holland.

The Fram Strait is the only deep connection between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. The main water and mercury (Hg) fluxes between these oceans occur via the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening. Several Hg mass balance studies indicated a net Hg export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean. However, in the absence of Hg measurements in the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening, these estimates were based on North Atlantic and central Arctic Ocean data alone. Here, we refine the Arctic total Hg (tHg) and methylated Hg (MeHg) mass budgets using new data acquired during the 2015 GEOTRACES (section GN04) TransArcII cruise in the Barents Sea Opening and the 2016 GEOTRACES (section GN05) GRIFF cruise, which covered the Fram Strait and Northeast Greenland Shelf. Total Hg increased westward along the Fram Strait transect, reaching the highest concentrations on the Northeast Greenland Shelf. Concentrations of tHg averaged 1.29 ± 0.43 pM in the East Greenland Current, while core waters of the West Spitsbergen Current had average values of 0.80 ± 0.26 pM. Using our new data, we estimate that 43 ± 9 Mg y-1 of tHg is transported to the Arctic Ocean in the core of the West Spitsbergen Current, while 54 ± 13 Mg y-1 of tHg is exported from the Arctic Ocean in the East Greenland Current and Recirculated Atlantic Water. This results in a net tHg export of 11 ± 8 Mg y−1 via the Fram Strait. We find a shallow MeHg maximum (at 150 m depth) in the East Greenland Current, in agreement to what was reported for the central Arctic Ocean and Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The West Spitsbergen Current is characterized by lower MeHg concentrations and a deeper MeHg maximum, that is located at approximately 1000 m depth. We estimate a net MeHg export of 6 ± 2 Mg y-1 from the Arctic Ocean via the Fram Strait, which is nearly half of the exported tHg. Most of the exported MeHg is in the form of DMHg (2:1 ratio of dimethylmercury to monomethylme

231Pa, 230Th and 232Th were analyzed in filtered seawater (n=70) and suspended particles (n=39) collected along a shelf-basin transect from the Barents shelf to the Makarov Basin in the Arctic Ocean during GEOTRACE Ssection GN04 in 2015. The distribution of dissolved 231Pa and 230Th in the Arctic Ocean deviates from the linear increase expected from reversible scavenging. Higher 232Th concentrations were observed at the shelf, slope and in surface waters in the deep basin, pointing at lithogenic sources. Fractionation factors (FTh/Pa) observed at the Nansen margin were higher compared to FTh/Pa in the central Nansen Basin, possibly due to the residual occurrence of hydrothermal particles in the deep central Nansen Basin. Application of a boundary scavenging model quantitatively accounts for the dissolved and particulate 230Th distributions in the Nansen Basin. Modelled dissolved 231Pa distributions were largely overestimated, which was attributed to the absence of incorporation of water exchange with the Atlantic Ocean in the model. 231Pa/230Th ratios of the suspended particles of the Nansen Basin were below the 231Pa/230Th production ratio, but top-core sediments of the Nansen margin and slope have high 231Pa/230Th-ratios, suggesting that scavenging along the Nansen margin partly actsas a sink for the missing Arctic 231Pa.

A major surface circulation feature of the Arctic Ocean is the Transpolar Drift (TPD), a current that transports river‐influenced shelf water from the Laptev and East Siberian Seas toward the center of the basin and Fram Strait. In 2015, the international GEOTRACES program included a high‐resolution pan‐Arctic survey of carbon, nutrients, and a suite of trace elements and isotopes (TEIs). The cruises bisected the TPD at two locations in the central basin, which were defined by maxima in meteoric water and dissolved organic carbon concentrations that spanned 600 km horizontally and ~25–50 m vertically. Dissolved TEIs such as Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Hg, Nd, and Th, which are generally particle‐reactive but can be complexed by organic matter, were observed at concentrations much higher than expected for the openocean setting. Other trace element concentrations such as Al, V, Ga, and Pb were lower than expected due to scavenging over the productive East Siberian and Laptev shelf seas. Using a combination of radionuclide tracers and ice drift modeling, the transport rate for the core of the TPD was estimated at 0.9 ± 0.4 Sv(106m3 s−1). This rate was used to derive the mass flux for TEIs that were enriched in the TPD, revealing the importance of lateral transport in supplying materials beneath the ice to the central Arctic Ocean and potentially to the North Atlantic Ocean via Fram Strait. Continued intensification of the Arctic hydrologicc ycle and permafrost degradation will likely lead to an increase in the flux of TEIs into the Arctic Ocean.

Veterinarians play an important role in safeguarding animal welfare, animal health, public health and food safety. That is why it is important that there are sufficient veterinarians available. In this study, the size of the professional group of veterinarians is mapped. In addition to better insight into the numbers of veterinarians, insight is also needed into the future labour market, the field of work of veterinarians as well as the future expectations of veterinary students and young veterinarians., Dierenartsen hebben een belangrijke rol in het borgen van dierenwelzijn, diergezondheid, volksgezondheid en voedselveiligheid. Daarom is het zaak dat er voldoende dierenartsen beschikbaar zijn. In dit onderzoek wordt de omvang van de beroepsgroep dierenartsen in kaart gebracht. Naast beter inzicht in de aantallen dierenartsen is ook inzicht nodig in de toekomstige arbeidsmarkt, het werkveld van dierenartsen evenals de toekomstverwachtingen van diergeneeskundige studenten en jonge dierenartsen.

Item does not contain fulltext

Item does not contain fulltext

In this study we present dissolved and particulate Th-230 and Th-232 results, as well as particulate Th-234 data, obtained as part of the GEOTRACES central Arctic Ocean sections GN04 (2015) and IPY11 (2007). Samples were analyzed following GEOTRACES methods and compared to previous results from 1991. We observe significant decreases in Th-230 concentrations in the deep waters of the Nansen Basin. We ascribe this nonsteady state removal process to a variable release and scavenging of trace metals near an ultraslow spreading ridge. This finding demonstrates that hydrothermal scavenging in the deep-sea may vary on annual time scales and highlights the importance of repeated GEOTRACES sections. Plain Language Summary This study presents new results of thorium isotopes from the central Arctic Ocean. Thorium-230 is produced continuously in seawater by radioactive decay of U-234 and subsequently removed by particle scavenging. We show that observed changes in Th-230 concentrations compared to earlier times are related to submarine volcanic eruptions. We use Th-230 data from three different expeditions conducted in 1991, 2007, and 2015. The Nansen Basin is part of the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean. It is divided from the Amundsen Basin by the Gakkel Ridge. The Gakkel Ridge is a region where the Eurasian and the North American plates spread apart, triggering volcanism. Submarine volcanos and hydrothermal vents release trace elements such as iron. Iron is known to be oxidized to particles that react with Th-230. Thus, when iron particles sink they remove Th-230 from the water column. In the Nansen Basin this process took place between 2007 and 2015, triggered by earthquake-induced volcanic eruptions in 2001. In this study, we present a conceptual hydrothermal scavenging process and plume dispersal by deep water circulation.

In this study we present dissolved and particulate 230Th and 232Th results, as well as particulate 234Th data, obtained as part of the GEOTRACES central Arctic Ocean sections GN04 (2015) and IPY11 (2007). Samples were analyzed following GEOTRACES methods and compared to previous results from 1991. We observe significant decreases in 230Th concentrations in the deep waters of the Nansen Basin. We ascribe this nonsteady state removal process to a variable release and scavenging of trace metals near an ultraslow spreading ridge. This finding demonstrates that hydrothermal scavenging in the deep‐sea may vary on annual time scales and highlights the importance of repeated GEOTRACES sections.

Item does not contain fulltext

Valk, O., Rutgers van der Loeff, M. M., Geibert, W., Gdaniec, S., Rijkenberg, M. J., Moran, S. B., ... & Puigcorbé, V. (2018). Importance of hydrothermal vents in scavenging removal of 230Th in the Nansen Basin. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(19).10,539-10,548. Available here.