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The growing interest in nanomaterials in different application fields calls for the implementation of simple, economically appealing, and efficient preparative methods. Among the wide variety of nanomaterials, carbon nanostructures have a special place due to their potential technological applications. Here, we present a fast, cheap, and easy-to-implement microwaveassisted method for the preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon fibers (CFs) at room pressure conditions. The synthesis involves heating a mixture of graphite and ferrocene contained in a simple glass tube using a conventional microwave oven. A mixture of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and [Fe.sub.3][O.sub.4] magnetic nanoparticles were obtained quickly (less than 30 s) and in good yields. The products were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. Key words: nanomaterials, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), microwave synthesis, carbon nanostructures. L'interet grandissant pour les nanomateriaux dans differents champs d'application constitue un motif pour la mise au point de procedes simples, economiques et efficaces pour les fabriquer. Parmi la grande variete de nanomateriaux, les nanostructures de carbone occupent une place particuliere en raison de leurs possibles applications technologiques. Dans le present article, nous presentons un procede assiste par microondes pour la synthese de nanotubes de carbone (NTC) et de fibres de carbone (FC) a pression atmospherique qui est rapide, economique et facile a mettre en ceuvre. La synthese consiste a chauffer un melange de graphite et de ferrocene dans une simple eprouvette de verre au moyen d'un four a microonde de cuisine. Nous avons obtenu un melange de nanotubes de carbone a parois multiples (NTCPM) et de nanoparticules de [Fe.sub.3][O.sub.4] magnetiques, et ce, rapidement (moins de 30 secondes) et avec de bons rendements. Nous avons caracterise les produits par microscopie electronique a balayage (MEB), microscopie electronique en transmission (MET), diffraction des rayons X (DRX) sur poudre et spectroscopie Raman. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: nanomateriaux, NTCPM, synthese par microondes, nanostructures de carbone., Introduction Carbon is a remarkable element that can be considered as the key element of living entities. Thanks to its ability to bond to itself forming oligomers and polymers, it [...]