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This article uses the Delphi and neutrosophic analytic hierarchy process (NAHP) and neutrosophic social choice theory (NSC). NAHP+NSC methodology is used to investigate the potential direct effects of a rise in the Value Added Tax (VAT) on company sales. The primary question is how a change in VAT may affect corporate activity; this is a simple enough question despite its weighty ramifications. Despite the large number of economic research, it seems that the literature has not yet gone into great length on how these particular techniques might provide an in-depth understanding of possible company responses to tax increases. It's interesting to note that the study not only closes a significant research gap, but also uses advanced approaches to examine the impact. Findings that would not have been reached by more conventional methods are achieved by combining the Delphi technique for expert viewpoints with NAHP+NSC for a more in-depth study. The results imply that, depending on a number of variables, including industry type and company size, a rise in VAT might have varying impacts on business sales. This research provides helpful tools for firms and politicians looking to adjust to possible changes in the tax environment, in addition to offering a fresh viewpoint on the topic of tax policy. In the end, the study broadens our theoretical knowledge and offers helpful advice for navigating the intricate realm of tax laws and their implications on the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of the understanding of the concept of digital economy within Ukrainian legislation, legal doctrine, economic science, and documents from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), particularly in Action 1 of the BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Action Plan, which aims to develop rules for the taxation of the digital economy. During the analysis, the author focused on defining the concept of digital economy, describing its characteristic features as a phenomenon, and examining its impact on taxation. Specifically, conclusions were drawn regarding the distinctive traits of the digital economy that contribute to the erosion of the tax base and the shifting of profits out of taxation, thus leadi ng to overall tax avoidance. Based on the conducted analysis, it was determined that Ukrainian legislation and legal science predominantly operate with a narrow understanding of the concept, equating the digital economy with activities in the IT sector. Economic researchers primarily interpret this concept as an evolution of business practices resulting from the industrial-technological revolution and a consequence of the digitization of business processes. The understanding of the digital economy within the OECD is similar to that found in Ukrainian legal science. Additionally, the article examined the characteristic features of the digital economy highlighted by the OECD, such as asset mobility, functions, personnel, sources of profit, data utilization and collection, and user participation in data creation and value addition. Furthermore, the research demonstrated why the narrow understanding of the digital economy in legislation and legal science negatively affects the lawmaker's ability to fairly regulate relationships in the realm of digital economy taxation. In conclusion, a hypothesis was proposed regarding the understanding of the digital economy as a socio-economic phenomenon. A definition of the digital economy was suggested to guide legislative efforts in regulating the digital economy, particularly concerning its taxation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case law of the CJEU impacts and influences national law through the mandatory nature of the judgments pronounced by the Union court. In the field of taxing income derived from the exploitation of creative activities, questions concerning the incidence of value added tax (VAT) have generated an extensive case law of the Union court. The questions addressed to the Court have focused on: analyzing hypotheses in terms of the cumulative fulfillment of conditions determining the incidence of VAT, the continuous and independent conduct of an economic activity, the qualification of specific situations as the provision of services within the meaning of the VAT Directive, the taxable status of collective management organizations, and individual cases where the special regime applicable to second hand goods, artworks, antiques, and collectibles may or may not be applicable. In the current research endeavor, we aim to map out the aspects where the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union has impacted national law regarding value added tax, specifically the special regime applicable to second hand goods, artworks, antiques, and collectibles.

This paper investigates the possible effects of the implementation of value-added tax on Iran's inflation in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The time domain of the collected data includes the financial statements of manufacturing companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange in 6 years from the spring of 2014 to the spring of 2019. The obtained data includes manufacturing, service companies and institutions. Moreover, leasing companies, financial institutions, insurance and banks are not included with their data uploaded based on the Kodal site. The liquidity growth has been obtained from 2013 as the base year. This paper evaluates the collected data in two descriptive and inferential statistics sections. The descriptive analysis includes the indicators of descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage of relative frequency, mean, standard deviation, and inferential section art investigates research hypotheses using independent variables over dependent variables. In the following, efforts were made to investigate the direct and indirect effects of statistical equations and Eviews10, Excel software. the modified model results show the estimated coefficient of (ß = 368.1346). Also, the value (T=3.803553) of the critical point (2) and the probability level of Prob=0002, show that the estimated coefficient obtained is significant. The R2 value indicates that the variable of inflation, which is known as an independent variable, has been able to affect the dependent variable of value-added tax by 0.89%. The value of AR(1) is the amount of residual or residual based on the time pattern. According to the correction of the model, Durbin-Watson's value ranges from 1.80 to 10.2 for the optimal fit model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Value Added Tax is widely used and prominent since it generates significant economic revenue and is very simple to administer. Consumers who purchase various goods and services are subject to a standard consumption tax called VAT, which is gradually collected. Economic growth is necessary for a country to be sustainable in the long run. VAT has been recognized as an essential global tax instrument that fosters economic growth. The study examines the customers' perception of financial, economic, and social perspectives of VAT in sustainable economic development. This study employed a mixed-methods design, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The data was obtained from 315 respondents in Saudi Arabia via a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and ANOVA were employed to analyze the data in SPSS. The study results showed that all factors substantially impacted customers' perception, and customers perceive that the revenue generated from VAT significantly contributes to a country's financial, social and economic development. The advice presented would be helpful to scholars and policymakers who are examining the implications of VAT and how to improve compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tax policy is often regarded as an interesting issue for public discussion and raises pros and cons responses. The responses contain both positive and negative sentiments which are expressed through social media, especially Twitter (X). This study aims to analyze how public sentiment toward tax policies in Indonesia, especially the increase in value-added tax (VAT) rates. This study applied a qualitative descriptive method with the VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner) approach method has not been widely used in previous studies. This approach can measure how the public responds to the increase of VAT rates through social media and provides a deeper understanding of the interaction between public policy and public perception. The results of the study shows that there are is a dominant negative sentiment, criticism, and public concern over the increase in VAT rates which exacerbates the gap in income and expenditure so that it only adds to the burden on the people. However, the positive sentiment supports the increase in VAT rates because it accelerates equitable national economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Financing is the property of Financing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Value Added Tax (VAT) is a development of Sales Tax that has a non-cumulative nature, so it avoids the occurrence of tax on tax or cascading effect. Regarding the provisions on input tax crediting as regulated in Article 9 paragraph (2) and paragraph (9) of the VAT Law, input tax credit can be made in the same Tax Period. In practice, there are often conditions that eventually cause Input Tax crediting to be carried out in different Tax Periods. In 2022, the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) issued a policy on different tax period invoice credits (FP) which is regulated in Regulation of the Director General of Taxes Number PER)03/PJ/2022. This policy regulates the time limit for uploading, which previously did not exist. This upload time limit tends to have a cascading effect. This study aims to further analyze the cascading effect caused by the implementation of the different tax period invoice credit policy as regulated in PER-03/PJ/2022. This study uses a qualitative research method with data analysis techniques conducted through literature studies. The results of this study show that the different tax period invoice credit policy, especially that regulated in Article 18 PER-03/PJ/2022, tends to cause a cascading effect where there are input invoices that cannot be credited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences is the property of International Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the context of the spread of new models of business organization, including foreign trade transactions with electronic commerce goods (ECG) purchased by individuals on foreign electronic trading platforms, it is necessary to develop issues related to the determination of tax consequences for persons — participants of such models. The term “goods” in this study means any movable property, including currency of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), securities and (or) currency values, travel cheques, electricity, as well as other movable things equated to immovable property. Since the value added tax (VAT) is one of the most significant for both the state and taxpayers (tax agents), the subject of the study is the mechanism for determining the tax consequences of VAT when foreign sellers sell to Russian individuals electronic commerce goods (ECG) purchased through foreign trading platforms (“marketplaces”), while being (stored) at the time of conclusion of the contract of sale in customs warehouses in Russia. The purpose of the study is to solve the problems related to the determination of VAT payment obligations in connection with the sale of ECG stored in a customs warehouse, namely: economic aspects related to the grounds for the emergence of VAT payment obligations, and the feasibility of changes in the current regulation with regard to the possible consequences. The methodology of the study is based on the use of classical for indirect taxation approaches to the determination of the place of sale of goods and, accordingly, to the decision on the occurrence in the territory of Russia of the object of taxation by the VAT. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the development of approaches to the determination of tax consequences on VAT on the sale of goods from the territories of customs warehouses within the framework of cross-border electronic commerce, as well as possible changes in the current regulation, based on the consideration of the economic sense of the considered business model. It is concluded that when a foreign seller sells goods to Russian individuals through a “marketplace” that are stored in a customs warehouse on the territory of Russia during the purchase period, the seller is subject to VAT. A person of an EAEU member state (Russian organization) — an e-commerce operator — who transfers goods to a purchaser is obliged to present to the purchaser the corresponding amount of VAT, performing the duties of a tax agent. Proposals on the establishment of VAT concessions for transactions on the implementation of ECG from the territory of the customs warehouse were elaborated, the results concluded that the discussion and insufficient economic justification of such proposals.

Subject. The article examines issues related to the organisation of audits and audit methods used to validate that all customs payments were duly calculated, recorded, and paid. Currently, these control measures are carried out separately by customs authorities, tax inspectors, and external or internal auditors. Such an approach reduces the effectiveness of audits and does not provide for the minimum level of audit risk. Therefore, this article substantiates a systematic approach to tax audits with regard to customs payments from the perspective of all stakeholders in tax relations. Objectives. To provide recommendations related to the organisation of tax audits and methodology of tax audits related to customs payments in the context of the modern digital economy and risk-based audits. Research methods. To achieve the goals, the scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, classification, and systematic approach were used. The research was based on the study of the current regulatory framework, relevant economic research papers and journals, and factual materials. Results. The authors of the article carried out an overview of the definition of “tax audits” and proposed their own definition in the context of audits of customs tax payments. The characteristics of various levels of tax audits with regard to customs payments were systematised to validate that all customs payments were duly calculated, recorded, and paid. Conclusions. It was concluded that currently there is no systematic approach among scientists to the definition of “tax audits”, as well as to its organisation and methods. The obtained results can be used for further development of ideas about tax audits with regard to customs payments which, in their turn, can contribute to making informed and effective decisions in the area of administration of taxes and levies.

In 2024 the value added tax becomes 70 years old. This “crown of fiscal technique” arose on the basis of the turnover tax, which in turn was a product of the ancient excise tax. Today value added tax is the backbone of the tax system in almost all countries of the world. This paper is dedicated to the prehistory of the tax, the pioneering experience of France (and the European Union) from the middle of the last century and the implementation of the value added tax in Bulgaria.

The paper provides an extensive overview of the VAT exemption of financial services in the EU. The topic is surrounded by conceptual and practical challenges. The main issues are presented in a retrospective plan. They have been clearly defined and discussed since the very inception of the EU VAT system. The difficulties this tax regime is faced with today reveal the logical sequence that can be traced as far back as the 1970s. In its first part, the paper looks at the topic from a historical perspective, exploring the inclusion of financial services within the scope of the first VAT rules. Further insight is subsequently provided on the application of the VAT exemption over the past decades until the present-day rules. At its core, the text relies mostly upon the CJEU case law. Capital issues for VAT fiscal neutrality are also given careful consideration. This is the major concern inspiring the Commission's attempts and proposals for VAT reforms. After a concise examination of the efforts to revise the legislation, the paper focuses on the most recent developments in the financial industry, which is a major stakeholder concerned by the recent aspirations of Brussels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Legal & Economic Research / Mağallaẗ Al-Buḥūṯ Al-Qānūniyyaẗ wa Al-Iqtiṣādiyyaẗ is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Actual Problems of Jurisprudence / Habaršy. Zan̦ Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines how the economic growth in advanced countries is affected by various types of tax revenue. Ten developed countries were chosen based on the Human Development Index, and data from 1995 to 2020 were examined using the feasible generalized least squares method. A total of 260 observations spanning 26 years were available for analysis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of direct and indirect taxes on economic growth in selected developed countries. According to our results, the growth of these countries was positively influenced by corporate income taxes and taxation on specific goods and services. However, there are adverse impacts from taxes on personal income, contributions to social security, and a tax on value-added. For a beneficial impact on these nations' growth, we suggest policymakers concentrate on taxes on corporations and specific services and goods. Furthermore, it is important to consider the adverse impacts of personal taxation and value-added taxation on growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the purpose of not fulfilling tax obligations regarding the payment of taxes and duties due to the state budget, some economic entities use various methods whose goal is the decrease of taxable estate and tax obligations by avoiding the payment of profit tax, income tax, salary contributions and taxes assimilated to them, as well as of excises. Such fraud methods identified in practice regarding the decrease of collected VAT, artificial increase of deductible VAT and decrease of due profit tax emphasize the role of accounting in preventing and combating tax evasion and shall be presented hereinafter.

Subject. The existing mechanisms of taxation of transactions with crypto assets on the territory of the Russian Federation are analyzed in the article. The choice of the research object is due to the increasing role of crypto assets in the modern Russian economy, as well as the necessity to propose new mechanisms to ensure the tax security of the state in the face of new challenges.The purpose of the study. The existing mechanisms of taxation of transactions related to the use and turnover of crypto assets in Russia are considered. Authors analyze both the main problems faced by individuals and legal entities operating with cryptocurrencies. The analysis of the current legislation is provided, possible ways to improve the legislation are suggested.Methodology. In the course of their work, the researchers were guided by philological and systematic ways of interpreting current legal norms, as well as existing explanations of financial authorities related to current approaches to taxation of transactions with crypto assets.Conclusions. It is concluded that the approaches proposed by the legislator to taxation of transactions with crypto assets are similar to the mechanisms that apply to traditional financial instruments, but at the same time, assets that are not similar to traditional ones remain outside the regulation.

The issue of stimulating domestic production is multifaceted and has a long history of study. At present, it is particularly relevant due to the introduction of restrictive measures, including the termination of supplies of a number of foreign goods to the Russian Federation. As one of the possible measures to increase the production of goods by Russian companies and entrepreneurs, the authors consider a new incentive mechanism of redistribution of value added tax (VAT) received by the federal budget, which implies the direction of the amounts of social grants taking into account the economic activity of the region associated with the production of value added on its territory. The purpose of the article is to justify a new methodology that includes a financial mechanism for redistributing the amounts of VAT in the form of grants to producers, aimed at creating effective budgetary incentives for regions to organize their own production of goods. For this purpose, the experience of VAT distribution in two BRICS countries — Brazil and China — is considered. In addition, the article summarizes effective measures of Germany, France, Greece, Austria and Norway to optimize calculation and payment of VAT, which resulted in economic growth. Discussion. One notable approach proposed by the authors to create a new incentive mechanism for redistribution of VAT revenues to the federal budget. This mechanism involves the allocation of social grants depending on the economic activity of the regions, particularly related to the production of valueadded goods on their territory. This approach represents a departure from traditional fiscal policies aimed at aligning incentives with local production. Results. This research represents a significant contribution to the ongoing debate on stimulating domestic production. By advocating a new mechanism of VAT redistribution and drawing on international experiences, the study seeks to address the challenges posed by restrictive measures and promote economic growth in the Russian Federation.

The value added tax is part of the category of modern taxes and is included in the category of indirect taxes. This type of tax can be found in the economic circuit in the prices of the products, in the successive stages of each stage of the production and distribution of goods of an economic nature. From this perspective, the Value Added Tax qualifies as a universal tax and a neutral tax. The concrete applicability of the Value Added Tax (VAT) is ensured by the Fiscal Code and the Fiscal Procedure Code, which on a national scale in terms of Value Added Tax regulate the following aspects: 1. Scope of Value Added Tax (VAT); 2. The generating fact of the Value Added Tax (VAT); 3. Chargeability of Value Added Tax (VAT); 4. Tax base of Value Added Tax (VAT); 5. The tax rates of the Value Added Tax (VAT); 6. The regime of deductions related to Value Added Tax (VAT); 7. Obligations of Value Added Tax (VAT) payers; 8. Accounting for Value Added Tax (VAT) operations. The main objective of the second part of this work is to research the current legislative changes brought about by the new regulations of the Fiscal Code effective from January 1, 2024 harmonized with the community regulations regarding the common value added tax system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper deals with issues related to the fiscal policy and the impact on the Kosovo economy. The main purpose of the paper is to analyze the impact of the fiscal policy on the economy and the financial effect on the budget in Kosovo. Design/methodology/approach: This article provides a theoretical overview of fiscal policy and its impact on the economy. To finalize the work, the material used includes scientific literature, as well as reports and publications from the Ministry of Finance, the Statistics Agency of Kosovo. To achieve the main objective of the article are different sources of data such as analysis method, comparative method, econometric analysis which has been analyzed and analyzed correlatively. Findings: In the framework of the work we have done regarding the analysis of fiscal policy and the impact on the economy in Kosovo, the results showed that: Fiscal policy affects economic processes and economic activities as well as effects on the budget in Kosovo. Practical implications: Through the study, we consider the results and recommendations to be taken into account by the interested parties and certain sectors in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Tributaria is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Asesores Fiscales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Crónica Tributaria is the property of Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Ministerio de Hacienda y Funcion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractThis study examines VAT compliance factors among SMEs in Nigeria. Specifically, the study assesses the influence of Taxpayer Perception and Attitudes (TPA), Organizational Characteristics (OC), Tax Compliance Cost (TCC), VAT Implementation Efficacy (VIE), revenue, profit, employees, customers, and SMEs size on VAT compliance among SMEs in Nigeria. Using both primary and secondary data in the study population comprised all registered SMEs in Nigeria. The study used a sample of 3,600 SMEs to carry out the analysis. Also, given a total of 18,000 observations, a panel data set of 3,600 SMEs from the years 2018 to 2022 was chosen from the financial records of SMEs. The results indicate that TPA, OC, TCC, and VIE influence VAT compliance. Furthermore, the study discovered that revenue has a positive but not significant effect on VAT compliance. More so, the size and level of profit generated have a positive and significant influence on VAT compliance by SMEs. However, a number of employees and customers have no significant effect on VAT compliance by SMEs. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by combining both qualitative and quantitative approaches on this subject and will assist researchers and practitioners in assessing the influence of VAT compliance among SMEs. Hence, policymakers and tax authorities should incorporate these factors in order to improve tax compliance among SMEs in Nigeria, which will eventually boost revenue generation.

From past to present, tax has been an important instrument used by states to finance public expenditures. Change has begun with the increase in digitalization in the globalizing world. Blockchain technology is one of the important changes brought about by the new world order. This technology offers transparency, transparency and accessibility for both the public and private sectors. The role of this technology is especially important in the field of taxation. In the study, the advantages and disadvantages of using blockchain technology in taxation were evaluated in terms of tax types. Transfer pricing constitutes the limitations of the study because it helps prevent income tax, VAT (Value Added Tax) and double taxation collected on the wage. It has been concluded that blockchain technology will accelerate tax collection and play an effective role in preventing tax loss and evasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have reviewed some of the most important measures taken to restore the competitiveness of the Hungarian tax system, mainly in the areas of consumption taxes, environmental taxes and sustainable taxation. We have examined the pre-pandemic situation of Hungarian tax policy, the most typical action plan, changes in consumption taxes and environmental taxes. Since 2010, Hungarian tax policy has undergone significant changes, with the aim of increasing the competitiveness of the economy. The COVID 19 epidemic in 2020 brought new challenges, numerous changes and setbacks at both social and economic level, which needed to be responded to effectively and in a short time. Measures such as simplifying tax administration, increasing the competitiveness of businesses, enhancing the role of consumption taxes, strengthening green taxation and linking taxation and sustainability through the fight against tax avoidance. The increase of the VAT rate to 27% in 2012, shifting the focus to the consumption tax, has had a positive impact on economic growth, while reducing taxes on labour, but new challenges have been faced in the aftermath of the pandemic. This paper summarises the challenges and the steps taken to address them. KEYWORDS: . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of reforming the tax system is becoming increasingly urgent in the conditions of martial law and inevitable. The tax system is the basis of the country's economic development. The level of social development, indicators of GDP growth, the number of working enterprises and investments in the country are a complete reflection of the state of the country's tax system. Martial law requires immediate changes to the tax legislation adapted to the prevail ing conditions. Since the beginning of the war, the first emergency changes to tax legislation have been adopted, but the impact of martial law on the economy is extremely dynamic, which requires flexible tax legislation that provides for the rapid transformation of the tax system to any conditions, that is, a universal and stable system of laws that is able to respond to any changes in the country. But a very big problem arose between balancing the development of the economy and ensuring the country's defense system. The business has significantly reduced economic activity, has problems with working capital, closes and goes into the shadows. The state tried to stimulate business activity, including through taxes. But the low effectiveness of the tax policy of the state under the conditions of war is a problem today. Martial law is a trigger for introducing tax reforms in Ukraine. In August of last year, the project of the "10-10-10" program was presented, which provides for a reduction to 10% of the key tax rates - VAT (now - 20%), on the income of individuals (18%) and on the profit of enterprises (18%). Also, the reform provides for the cancellation of EUV and tax benefits and the establishment of the military levy at the level of 3% (instead of 1.5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Crónica Tributaria is the property of Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Ministerio de Hacienda y Funcion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Crónica Tributaria is the property of Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Ministerio de Hacienda y Funcion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Tributaria is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Asesores Fiscales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Value added tax is a significant tax form worldwide. The importance of this tax is manifested in the scope, stability and efficiency of revenue collection. With respect to macroeconomic conditions and challenges, fiscal authorities have to pay attention to the elasticity of VAT revenues. The paper is aimed at identifying VAT elasticity in the Benelux countries, as well as determining the main macroeconomic factors that affect the changes in VAT elasticity. Empirical results have shown the presence of VAT elasticity in the Benelux countries, as well as a statistically significant impact of gross domestic product, final consumption, unemployment, inflation, government expenditures and standard VAT rate on VAT elasticity for the period 2011-2022.

The relevance of value added tax is reflected in the generation of a significant amount of revenue and the suppression of tax evasion. The purpose of the research is aimed at assessing collected revenues and measuring the efficiency of VAT revenue collection in the Benelux countries (Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg) for the period 2011-2020. years. Empirical research results indicate that the average VAT efficiency was 59.84% in the observed countries. where the highest degree of efficiency was recorded in Luxembourg, and the lowest value in Belgium. Panel regression results show that economic growth, final consumption, government expenditures and VAT revenues have a positive effect on VAT efficiency in the observed countries. At the same time, variables such as unemployment and inflation, as well as the standard VAT rate, have a negative effect on the efficiency of VAT revenue. The obtained empirical findings can be of help to economic policy makers in the analyzed countries when profiling and adjusting tax policy from the point of view of value added tax.

The increased riskiness of the fiscal space in Ukraine is a consequence of the generation of military-political and socio-economic challenges at the new stage of Russia's eight-year war against Ukraine. In wartime, there is the expediency of increased attention to determining the fiscal efficiency of the country's tax system in general and the indirect taxation system in particular. The article aims to assess the fiscal efficiency of indirect taxes in the years preceding the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of independent Ukraine. It will allow us to identify established trends, analyze the issues and develop directions for improving the indirect taxation system during the post-war recovery period. The research methodology is based on the use of generally accepted methods, in particular analytical, complex, statistical, economic-mathematical, dialectical approach, systematic and comparative analysis. Legislative and regulatory acts regulating tax activities in Ukraine, scientific publications and official statistical data served as an information base. The results: Taxes regulated by the Tax Code of Ukraine were classified according to the economic content of the object of taxation. The role of the indirect taxation system in the formation of budgetary resources of Ukraine and the EU member states was determined. Fiscal efficiency indicators of value-added tax, excise tax and customs duties were calculated. The need for more use of the fiscal potential of the indirect taxation system in Ukraine was substantiated. The key aspects of reducing the fiscal efficiency of consumption taxes have been identified. Directions for increasing the fiscal efficiency of the indirect taxation system in Ukraine were proposed.

Czech monetary and fiscal policies require fundamental reform, even without considering the current war in Ukraine. The tax structure can be rationalized within 1–2 years. The very introduction of a single collection point must be taken seriously, and there is no need to undertake a fundamental tax reform to implement its main stage. Czech social security contributions are very specific, dominated by their tax nature. This allows for a quick consolidation of employer contributions into one levy to the state budget and the inclusion of employee contributions in personal income tax. Only slightly more politically challenging is the integration of dividend income taxation into corporate tax and the removal of interest from corporate tax costs. The OECD recommendations are one-sided, mechanically oriented according to the neoliberal welfare regime. Our analyses and subsequent proposals do not foresee and do not require any reform of social security benefits, including public funding of healthcare. Strengthening value-added tax in the tax structure is completely wrong. The overall insufficient taxation of value added in the Czech financial sector needs to be eliminated. Czech monetary policy is not very effective in the fight against inflation, the link to overall economic policy is lacking. This policy has created excessive foreign exchange reserves that can be transferred to the state assets. It is economically desirable to link the Czech currency to the euro. The proceeds of the issue of all money belong to the state budget.