Search

Background: This study examines nationwide prevalence of US childhood behavioral, mental, and developmental problems in the 6–11 age group category between 2019 and 2022, and several key metrics related to caregiver social determinants of health. Methods: We used NSCH data for 6–11-year-old children for the years 2019–2022. Summary statistics for the selected sample were generated and binary logistic regressions were conducted for each severity level binary variable for each study year with caregiver mental or emotional health as a covariate. Results: Our study found significant associations between severe childhood anxiety and “fair” or “poor” caregiver rankings of mental and emotional health for both the 2020 and 2022 survey years. Our study also found that caregiver mental and emotional health may play a role in childhood ADD and ADHD prevalence rates as caregivers who ranked their mental health as “fair” or “good” had significantly higher odds of having a child with severe ADD or ADHD than caregivers who reported “excellent” mental and emotional health. Conclusion: These findings support prospects of an increase in the need for developmental health services, thus necessitating efforts towards effective allocation and focus of developmental treatment programs tailored to children and pediatric population groups.

Background: This systematic review has the following aims: (1) to identify measurement tools used globally by healthcare providers to diagnose PCOS in women at elevated risk; (2) to assess the comprehensiveness of these tools regarding mental health and chronic pain; (3) to list strategies for validating, disseminating, and implementing these tools; and (4) to provide future recommendations for experts in healthcare settings. Methods: This review utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Arksey and O’Malley York methodology. Studies were sourced from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, with inclusion criteria focusing on peer-reviewed articles addressing PCOS diagnosis and associated comorbidities. Data extraction and analysis followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) recommendations. Results: A total of 63 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that current screening tools for PCOS often lack comprehensive integration of mental health and chronic pain assessments. Tools like the PCOSQ and its updated version, PCOSQ-50, inadequately address pain-related symptoms, highlighting a gap in holistic patient evaluation. This review identified significant associations between PCOS and mental health disorders, including anxiety and depression, emphasizing the need for mental health screenings as part of PCOS management. Conclusions: There is a critical need for validated PCOS screening tools that encompass both physical and psychological aspects of the condition. Educating healthcare providers on the cultural and social determinants influencing PCOS can improve diagnosis and patient outcomes. Future research should focus on developing holistic screening tools and culturally relevant educational resources, aiming to enhance the overall quality of life for women with PCOS.

IntroductionThis scoping review aims to highlight key social determinants of health associated with breast cancer screening behavior in United States women aged ≥40 years old, identify public and private databases with SDOH data at city, state, and national levels, and share lessons learned from United States based observational studies in addressing SDOH in underserved women influencing breast cancer screening behaviors.MethodsThe Arksey and O’Malley York methodology was used as guidance for this review: (1) identifying research questions; (2) searching for relevant studies; (3) selecting studies relevant to the research questions; (4) charting the data; and (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting results.ResultsThe 72 included studies were published between 2013 and 2023. Among the various SDOH identified, those related to socioeconomic status (n = 96) exhibited the highest frequency. The Health Care Access and Quality category was reported in the highest number of studies (n = 44; 61%), showing its statistical significance in relation to access to mammography. Insurance status was the most reported sub-categorical factor of Health Care Access and Quality.DiscussionResults may inform future evidence-based interventions aiming to address the underlying factors contributing to low screening rates for breast cancer in the United States.