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2. Manual on Scientific Communication for Postgraduate Students and Young Researchers in Technical, Natural, and Life Sciences

Author

Saso, Luciano, Van Cleemput, Oswald, Saso, Luciano, and Van Cleemput, Oswald

Abstract

The "Manual on Scientific Communication for Postgraduate Students and Young Researchers in Technical, Natural, and Life Sciences" is meant to be a practical guide for the preparation of theses, papers, posters, and other scientific documents. Upon going through the different chapters, the readers should be able to critically search for relevant literature; to correctly define and execute a research topic or project; to correctly write a scientific document; to know the characteristics of the different parts of a MSc degree or PhD degree thesis and a scientific paper; to correctly interpret publishing ethically sensitive material; to understand problems about falsification, fabrication of data, plagiarism, and ranking of authors; and to prepare and present a good poster.

Published
2017
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17. Nitrogen

Author

Van Cleemput Oswald and Pascal Boeckx

Published
2020

20. On-line technique to determine the isotopic composition of total dissolved nitrogen

Author

Huygens, Dries, Boeckx, Pascal, Vermeulen, Jan, De Paepe, Xavier, Park, Andrew, Barker, Sam, and Van Cleemput, Oswald

Subjects
Dissolved gases -- Properties, Nitrogen -- Properties, Chemistry, Analytic -- Technology application, Nitrogen -- Isotopes, Technology application, Chemistry
Abstract

A new on-line analytical setup for [15.sub.N] measurements of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) has been developed through the coupling of a high-temperature catalytic (Ce(IV)[O.sub.2]) oxidation furnace, a Cu reduction furnace, and an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. The detection limit for accurate [sigma] [sub.15]N measurements is 20 mg of N [L.sup.-1]. For N-containing compounds dissolved in water, a standard deviation on N concentration measurements of 0.2 mg of N [L.sup.-1], independent of N concentration, has been found. Reproducibility on [sigma] [sup.15]N increased with increasing N concentration, with standard deviations varying from 0.8 to 0.1%o in the range of 20-100 mg of N [L.sup.-1]. Salt matrixes, in which the N species might be dissolved, could influence the analysis capacity and continuity, mainly at concentrations above 0.1 M. To our knowledge, this system is the first successful on-line setup capable of performing routine [sigma] [sup.15]N and N concentration measurements of the TDN pool. Potential applications are large and are believed to result in an increased insight in N cycling and dissolved organic nitrogen behavior in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Published
2007

21. Manipulating nitrogen release from nitrogen-rich crop residues using organic wastes under field conditions

Author

Chaves, Barbara, De Neve, Stefaan, Boeckx, Pascal, Van Cleemput, Oswald, and Hofman, Georges

Subjects
Soil mineralogy -- Research, Vegetable industry -- By-products, Vegetable industry -- Research, Soils -- Nitrogen content, Soils -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

Following mineralization of N-rich crop residues, large amounts of mineral N can be released into the soil. Manipulating N mineralization of crop residues may be an option to reduce N[O.sub.3.sup.-] in soil. The potential to manipulate the N release from vegetable crop residues by using organic wastes was tested under field conditions. At the start of the experiment, cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. van botrytis L.) residues (~73 Mg flesh matter [ha.sup.-1]) together with an immobilizer waste (~5 Mg C [ha.sup.-1] of straw, green waste compost, sawdust, or paper sludge) were incorporated into a silt loam soil. After 154 d, a remineralizing waste (~1 Mg C [ha.sup.-1] of vinasse or dairy sludge) was incorporated. During the field experiment, the mineral N content in the soil was measured at regular time intervals, and net N release, N[O.sub.3.sup.-] leaching, and denitrification were simulated using a N mineralization-immobilization model coupled to a N[O.sub.3.sup.-] leaching model. Straw, green waste compost, and sawdust were able to immobilize between 54 and 68% of the N released by the cauliflower residues and reduced N[O.sub.3.sup.-] leaching by 56 to 68%. Paper sludge released an extra amount of N due to its low C/N ratio. No consistent remineralization of N could be found in any of the treatments, probably due to an unsuitable composition of the remineralizer wastes. Manipulating N release of N-rich crop residues by using organic wastes may be a suitable method to reduce N[O.sub.3.sup.-] leaching; however, stimulating remineralization of immobilized N by the start of the following spring may not be easy to achieve. Abbreviations: CD, coefficient of determination; CRM, coefficient of residual mass.

Published
2007

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