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1. Potential determinants of the decline in mpox cases in Belgium: A behavioral, epidemiological and seroprevalence study

Author

De Vos, Elise, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, Brosius, Isabel, Kenyon, Chris, Vuylsteke, Bea, De Baetselier, Irith, Mariën, Joachim, Bangwen, Eugene, Couvreur, Simon, Lecompte, Amaryl, Van Beckhoven, Dominique, Hoorelbeke, Bart, Verstrepen, Babs E., Zaeck, Luca M., de Vries, Rory D., Geurts van Kessel, Corine H., Hens, Niel, Ariën, Kevin K., Vercauteren, Koen, Van Esbroek, Marjan, Van Dijck, Christophe, and Liesenborghs, Laurens

Published
2024
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3. Characteristics of confirmed mpox cases among clinical suspects: A prospective single-centre study in Belgium during the 2022 outbreak

Author

Van Dijck, Christophe, Hens, Matilde, Van Esbroeck, Marjan, Brosius, Isabel, Liesenborghs, Laurens, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, Rutgers, Jojanneke, Kenyon, Chris, De Baetselier, Irith, Coppens, Jasmine, Van den Bossche, Dorien, Florence, Eric, Vercauteren, Koen, van Griensven, Johan, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Soentjens, Patrick, Berens-Riha, Nicole, van Henten, Saskia, Bracke, Stefanie, Vanbaelen, Thibaut, Vandenhoven, Leen, Van Frankenhuijsen, Maartje, Vandenbruaene, Marc, Huyst, Veerle, Wouters, Kristien, Apers, Ludwig, Kint, Ilse, Caluwaerts, Séverine, Vanroye, Fien, Verschueren, Jacob, and Ariën, Kevin

Published
2023
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4. Potential determinants of the decline in mpox cases in Belgium:A behavioral, epidemiological and seroprevalence study

Author

De Vos, Elise, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, Brosius, Isabel, Kenyon, Chris, Vuylsteke, Bea, De Baetselier, Irith, Mariën, Joachim, Bangwen, Eugene, Couvreur, Simon, Lecompte, Amaryl, Van Beckhoven, Dominique, Hoorelbeke, Bart, Verstrepen, Babs E., Zaeck, Luca M., de Vries, Rory D., Geurts van Kessel, Corine H., Hens, Niel, Ariën, Kevin K., Vercauteren, Koen, Van Esbroek, Marjan, Van Dijck, Christophe, Liesenborghs, Laurens, De Vos, Elise, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, Brosius, Isabel, Kenyon, Chris, Vuylsteke, Bea, De Baetselier, Irith, Mariën, Joachim, Bangwen, Eugene, Couvreur, Simon, Lecompte, Amaryl, Van Beckhoven, Dominique, Hoorelbeke, Bart, Verstrepen, Babs E., Zaeck, Luca M., de Vries, Rory D., Geurts van Kessel, Corine H., Hens, Niel, Ariën, Kevin K., Vercauteren, Koen, Van Esbroek, Marjan, Van Dijck, Christophe, and Liesenborghs, Laurens

Abstract

Objectives: The 2022 mpox epidemic reached a peak in Belgium and the rest of Europe in July 2022, after which it unexpectedly subsided. This study investigates epidemiological, behavioral, and immunological factors behind the waning of the epidemic in Belgium. Methods: We investigated temporal evolutions in the characteristics and behavior of mpox patients using national surveillance data and data from a prospective registry of mpox patients in the Institute of Tropical Medicine (Antwerp). We studied behavioral changes in the population at risk using a survey among HIV-preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users. We determined the seroprevalence of anti-orthopoxvirus antibodies among HIV-PrEP users across four-time points in 2022. Results: Mpox patients diagnosed at the end of the epidemic had less sexual risk behavior compared to those diagnosed earlier: they engaged less in sex at mass events, had fewer sexual partners, and were less likely to belong to the sexual network's central group. Among HIV-PrEP users there were no notable changes in sexual behavior. Anti-orthopoxvirus seroprevalence did not notably increase before the start of national vaccination campaigns. Conclusion: The observed changes in group immunity and behavior in the population at greater risk of exposure to mpox seem unable to explain the waning of the mpox epidemic. A change in the profile of mpox patients might have contributed to the decline in cases.

Published
2024

5. Characteristics of confirmed mpox cases among clinical suspects: A prospective single-centre study in Belgium during the 2022 outbreak

Author

Hens, Matilde, primary, Brosius, Isabel, additional, Berens-Riha, Nicole, additional, Coppens, Jasmine, additional, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, additional, Rutgers, Jojanneke, additional, Kenyon, Chris, additional, Soentjens, Patrick, additional, van Henten, Saskia, additional, Bracke, Stefanie, additional, Vanbaelen, Thibaut, additional, Vandenhoven, Leen, additional, Bottieau, Emmanuel, additional, Vercauteren, Koen, additional, Van Esbroeck, Marjan, additional, Liesenborghs, Laurens, additional, Van Dijck, Christophe, additional, Hens, Matilde, additional, De Baetselier, Irith, additional, Van den Bossche, Dorien, additional, Florence, Eric, additional, van Griensven, Johan, additional, Van Frankenhuijsen, Maartje, additional, Vandenbruaene, Marc, additional, Huyst, Veerle, additional, Wouters, Kristien, additional, Apers, Ludwig, additional, Kint, Ilse, additional, Caluwaerts, Séverine, additional, Vanroye, Fien, additional, Verschueren, Jacob, additional, and Ariën, Kevin, additional

Published
2023
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6. Persistent morbidity in Clade IIb mpox patients: interim results of a long-term follow-up study, Belgium, June to November 2022

Author

Berens-Riha, Nicole, Bracke, Stefanie, Rutgers, Jojanneke, Burm, Christophe, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, Hens, Matilde, Kenyon, Chris, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Soentjens, Patrick, Brosius, Isabel, Van Esbroeck, Marjan, Vercauteren, Koen, van Griensven, Johan, van Dijck, Christophe, and Liesenborghs, Laurens

Subjects
Epidemiology, medium-term follow-up, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, long-term follow-up, Monkeypox, sequelae, Disease Outbreaks, mpox, Belgium, Virology, follow-up, Humans, fatigue, Prospective Studies, Morbidity, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

While mpox was well characterised during the 2022 global Clade IIb outbreak, little is known about persistent morbidity. We present interim results of a prospective cohort study of 95 mpox patients assessed 3-20 weeks post-symptom onset. Two-thirds of participants had residual morbidity, including 25 with persistent anorectal and 18 with genital symptoms. Loss of physical fitness, new-onset/worsened fatigue and mental health problems were reported in 36, 19 and 11 patients, respectively. These findings require attention by healthcare providers. ispartof: EUROSURVEILLANCE vol:28 issue:7 ispartof: location:Sweden status: published

Published
2023

7. Severe mpox (formerly monkeypox) disease in five patients after recent vaccination with MVA-BN vaccine, Belgium, July to October 2022

Author

Berens-Riha, Nicole, De Block, Tessa, Rutgers, Jojanneke, Michiels, Johan, Van Gestel, Liesbeth, Hens, Matilde, Kenyon, Chris, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Soentjens, Patrick, van Griensven, Johan, Brosius, Isabel, Arien, Kevin K, Van Esbroeck, Marjan, Rezende, Antonio Mauro, Vercauteren, Koen, and Liesenborghs, Laurens

Subjects
Science & Technology, Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, Virology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, ANKARA, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Vaccination is important in containing the 2022 mpox (formerly monkeypox) epidemic. We describe five Belgian patients with localised severe symptoms of proctitis and penile oedema, occurring between 4 and 35 days after post-exposure preventive vaccination or after one- or two-dose off-label pre-exposure preventive vaccination with MVA-BN vaccine. Genome sequencing did not reveal evidence for immune escape variants. Healthcare workers and those at risk should be aware of possible infections occurring shortly after vaccination and the need for other preventive measures. ispartof: EUROSURVEILLANCE vol:27 issue:48 ispartof: location:Sweden status: published

Published
2022

9. Persistent morbidity in Clade IIb mpox patients: interim results of a long-term follow-up study, Belgium, June to November 2022.

Author

Berens-Riha N, Bracke S, Rutgers J, Burm C, Van Gestel L, Hens M, Kenyon C, Bottieau E, Soentjens P, Brosius I, Van Esbroeck M, Vercauteren K, van Griensven J, van Dijck C, and Liesenborghs L

Subjects
Humans, Belgium epidemiology, Follow-Up Studies, Morbidity, Prospective Studies, Disease Outbreaks, Mpox (monkeypox) epidemiology, Mpox (monkeypox) pathology
Abstract

While mpox was well characterised during the 2022 global Clade IIb outbreak, little is known about persistent morbidity. We present interim results of a prospective cohort study of 95 mpox patients assessed 3-20 weeks post-symptom onset. Two-thirds of participants had residual morbidity, including 25 with persistent anorectal and 18 with genital symptoms. Loss of physical fitness, new-onset/worsened fatigue and mental health problems were reported in 36, 19 and 11 patients, respectively. These findings require attention by healthcare providers.

Published
2023
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10. Severe mpox (formerly monkeypox) disease in five patients after recent vaccination with MVA-BN vaccine, Belgium, July to October 2022.

Author

Berens-Riha N, De Block T, Rutgers J, Michiels J, Van Gestel L, Hens M, Kenyon C, Bottieau E, Soentjens P, van Griensven J, Brosius I, Ariën KK, Van Esbroeck M, Rezende AM, Vercauteren K, and Liesenborghs L

Subjects
Humans, Belgium epidemiology, Vaccination adverse effects, Mpox (monkeypox) prevention & control, Smallpox Vaccine adverse effects
Abstract

Vaccination is important in containing the 2022 mpox (formerly monkeypox) epidemic. We describe five Belgian patients with localised severe symptoms of proctitis and penile oedema, occurring between 4 and 35 days after post-exposure preventive vaccination or after one- or two-dose off-label pre-exposure preventive vaccination with MVA-BN vaccine. Genome sequencing did not reveal evidence for immune escape variants. Healthcare workers and those at risk should be aware of possible infections occurring shortly after vaccination and the need for other preventive measures.

Published
2022
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