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Reactive oxygen species (ROS; free radical form O2•−, superoxide radical; OH•, hydroxyl radical; ROO•, peroxyl; RO•, alkoxyl and non-radical form 1O2, singlet oxygen; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide) are inevitable companions of aerobic life with crucial role in gut health. But, overwhelming production of ROS can cause serious damage to biomolecules. In this review, we have discussed several sources of ROS production that can be beneficial or dangerous to the human gut. Micro-organisms, organelles and enzymes play crucial role in ROS generation, where NOX1 is the main intestinal enzyme, which produce ROS in the intestine epithelial cells. Previous studies have reported that probiotics play significant role in gut homeostasis by checking the ROS generation, maintaining the antioxidant level, immune system and barrier protection. With current knowledge, we have critically analysed the available literature and presented the outcome in the form of bubble maps to suggest that the probiotics help in controlling the ROS-specific intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Finally, it has been concluded that rebooting of the gut microbiota with probiotics, postbiotics or faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can have crucial implications in the structuring of gut communities for the personalized management of the gastrointestinal (GI) diseases.

The complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal ions has been synthesized through template method by the condensation of succinic acid dihydrazide with 5-chloroisatin in alcoholic medium. Complexes were characterized by C H N analysis, molar conductance, thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility, mass spectrometry, FTIR, EPR, 1H NMR, UV–Visible spectroscopy. These studies suggest an octahedral geometry for all the complexes. The compounds were found active against B. subtilis and S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and E. coli bacteria. The Zn(II) complex showed significant anticancer activity against Squamous Cell Carcinoma cells tested by the MTT assay method. Molecular docking studies with EGFR tyrosine kinase were also carried out. All these results show that some of the synthesized compounds have remarkable antibacterial and anticancer property.

Synthesis of macrocyclic metal complexes of Cr(III) and Fe(III) by the condensation of benzil dihydrazone with 1H-indole-2, 3-dione.The metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis, ESR, infrared, 1H NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy. On the bases of these studies, a fivecoordinate square pyramidal geometry is proposed for all the metal complexes. In vitro antibacterial activity of macrocyclic metal complexes exhibited good results.

Fabrication of nanomaterials for deprivation of organic pollutants like dyes is important. In present research work spotlight is on preparation of copper oxide (CuO) nano needles and characterized by using various techniques such as ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic efficiency of CuO nano needles has been examined on both kind of dyes such as cation dye (Victoria Blue) and anionic dye (Direct Red 81). CuO nano needles catalytic efficiency in degradation of dye was measured by examining the change in absorbance of dye under UV-spectrophotometer. The effects of functional parameters such as catalyst amount, pH and initial dye concentration were explored. CuO nano needles demonstrated brilliant degradation capacity in the existence of UV–visible radiations. Degradation processes follows pseudo-first order kinetics. The rate constant was fruitfully launched and reusability experiments were made to assure the steadiness of the used catalysts.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the condom catheter in treating postpartum hemorrhage refractory to medical treatment.Methods: This prospective study included 21 women with postpartum hemorrhage treated with a condom catheter as a conservative therapeutic option.Results: The condom catheter was successful in controlling hemorrhage in 90.4% of the women. It was effective in all women with vaginal delivery (11 of 12) and highly effective in women with uterine atony who did not respond to medical uterotonic treatment (6 of 7 women).Conclusions: Its ease of use and high effectiveness make the condom catheter a useful approach for the conservative management of acute postpartum hemorrhage. This device reduces bleeding, shortens the hospital stay and avoids the need for surgical management.

Background: Thyroid disease is one of the commonest endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, and when untreated during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of complications. The objective of this review was to increase awareness and to provide a review on adverse effect of thyroid dysfunction on maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This prospective, observational hospital-based case-control study carried on women coming for antenatal check-up in a Tertiary Care Hospital in INDORE from May 2018-December 2018. 50 known booked antenatal (case) patient with established thyroid disorder, more than 32 week of gestation, and 50-matched euthyroid patients (control) were taken.Results: Women suffering from overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are nulliparous in 72% cases as compared to 32% in euthyroid patient. Increased maternal age was associated with higher incidence of thyroid dysfunction. Normal vaginal delivery by spontaneous labour seen in 56% of euthyroid, while it is reduced with thyroid dysfunction. 38% of altered thyroid profile patient undergo induction of labour and 24% cases undergo caesarean section as compared to control (17%). Adverse fetal outcome like intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth and ICU admission seen increased with thyroid dysfunction as compared to euthyroid patients.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, although has a low incidence, but is associated with adverse maternal and fetal implications. Thus, thyroid screening should be done in antenatal period to improve fetomaternal outcome.