74 results on '"Vanessa Checchetto"'
Search Results
2. Interactomic exploration of LRRC8A in volume-regulated anion channels
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Veronica Carpanese, Margherita Festa, Elena Prosdocimi, Magdalena Bachmann, Soha Sadeghi, Sara Bertelli, Frank Stein, Angelo Velle, Mostafa A. L. Abdel-Salam, Chiara Romualdi, Michael Pusch, and Vanessa Checchetto
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Ion channels are critical in enabling ion movement into and within cells and are important targets for pharmacological interventions in different human diseases. In addition to their ion transport abilities, ion channels interact with signalling and scaffolding proteins, which affects their function, cellular positioning, and links to intracellular signalling pathways. The study of “channelosomes” within cells has the potential to uncover their involvement in human diseases, although this field of research is still emerging. LRRC8A is the gene that encodes a crucial protein involved in the formation of volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs). Some studies suggest that LRRC8A could be a valuable prognostic tool in different types of cancer, serving as a biomarker for predicting patients’ outcomes. LRRC8A expression levels might be linked to tumour progression, metastasis, and treatment response, although its implications in different cancer types can be varied. Here, publicly accessible databases of cancer patients were systematically analysed to determine if a correlation between VRAC channel expression and survival rate exists across distinct cancer types. Moreover, we re-evaluated the impact of LRRC8A on cellular proliferation and migration in colon cancer via HCT116 LRRC8A-KO cells, which is a current topic of debate in the literature. In addition, to investigate the role of LRRC8A in cellular signalling, we conducted biotin proximity-dependent identification (BioID) analysis, revealing a correlation between VRAC channels and cell-cell junctions, mechanisms that govern cellular calcium homeostasis, kinases, and GTPase signalling. Overall, this dataset improves our understanding of LRRC8A/VRAC and explores new research avenues while identifying promising therapeutic targets and promoting inventive methods for disease treatment.
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- 2024
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3. Transglutaminase Type 2-MITF axis regulates phenotype switching in skin cutaneous melanoma
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Silvia Muccioli, Valentina Brillo, Tatiana Varanita, Federica Rossin, Elisabetta Zaltron, Angelo Velle, Giorgia Alessio, Beatrice Angi, Filippo Severin, Anna Tosi, Manuela D’Eletto, Luca Occhigrossi, Laura Falasca, Vanessa Checchetto, Roberto Ciaccio, Amelia Fascì, Leonardo Chieregato, Ana Paula Rebelo, Marta Giacomello, Antonio Rosato, Ildikò Szabò, Chiara Romualdi, Mauro Piacentini, and Luigi Leanza
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Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the deadliest form of skin cancer due to its high heterogeneity that drives tumor aggressiveness. Melanoma plasticity consists of two distinct phenotypic states that co-exist in the tumor niche, the proliferative and the invasive, respectively associated with a high and low expression of MITF, the master regulator of melanocyte lineage. However, despite efforts, melanoma research is still far from exhaustively dissecting this phenomenon. Here, we discovered a key function of Transglutaminase Type-2 (TG2) in regulating melanogenesis by modulating MITF transcription factor expression and its transcriptional activity. Importantly, we demonstrated that TG2 expression affects melanoma invasiveness, highlighting its positive value in SKCM. These results suggest that TG2 may have implications in the regulation of the phenotype switching by promoting melanoma differentiation and impairing its metastatic potential. Our findings offer potential perspectives to unravel melanoma vulnerabilities via tuning intra-tumor heterogeneity.
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- 2023
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4. Drosophila Mpv17 forms an ion channel and regulates energy metabolism
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Samantha Corrà, Vanessa Checchetto, Michele Brischigliaro, Chiara Rampazzo, Emanuela Bottani, Cristina Gagliani, Katia Cortese, Cristiano De Pittà, Marco Roverso, Diego De Stefani, Sara Bogialli, Massimo Zeviani, Carlo Viscomi, Ildiko Szabò, and Rodolfo Costa
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model organism ,molecular biology ,physiology ,Science - Abstract
Summary: Mutations in MPV17 are a major contributor to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndromes, a group of inherited genetic conditions due to mtDNA instability. To investigate the role of MPV17 in mtDNA maintenance, we generated and characterized a Drosophila melanogaster Mpv17 (dMpv17) KO model showing that the absence of dMpv17 caused profound mtDNA depletion in the fat body but not in other tissues, increased glycolytic flux and reduced lifespan in starvation. Accordingly, the expression of key genes of glycogenolysis and glycolysis was upregulated in dMpv17 KO flies. In addition, we demonstrated that dMpv17 formed a channel in planar lipid bilayers at physiological ionic conditions, and its electrophysiological hallmarks were affected by pathological mutations. Importantly, the reconstituted channel translocated uridine but not orotate across the membrane. Our results indicate that dMpv17 forms a channel involved in translocation of key metabolites and highlight the importance of dMpv17 in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial function.
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- 2023
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5. Pharmacological targeting of the mitochondrial calcium-dependent potassium channel KCa3.1 triggers cell death and reduces tumor growth and metastasis in vivo
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Magdalena Bachmann, Andrea Rossa, Tatiana Varanita, Bernard Fioretti, Lucia Biasutto, Stefan Milenkovic, Vanessa Checchetto, Roberta Peruzzo, Syed A. Ahmad, Sameer H. Patel, Robert Lukowski, Michael J. Edwards, Matteo Ceccarelli, Erich Gulbins, Mario Zoratti, Andrea Mattarei, and Ildiko Szabo
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Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Ion channels are non-conventional, druggable oncological targets. The intermediate-conductance calcium-dependent potassium channel (KCa3.1) is highly expressed in the plasma membrane and in the inner mitochondrial membrane (mitoKCa3.1) of various cancer cell lines. The role mitoKCa3.1 plays in cancer cells is still undefined. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of two mitochondria-targeted novel derivatives of a high-affinity KCa3.1 antagonist, TRAM-34, which retain the ability to block channel activity. The effects of these drugs were tested in melanoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and breast cancer lines, as well as in vivo in two orthotopic models. We show that the mitochondria-targeted TRAM-34 derivatives induce release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, rapid depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, fragmentation of the mitochondrial network. They trigger cancer cell death with an EC50 in the µM range, depending on channel expression. In contrast, inhibition of the plasma membrane KCa3.1 by membrane-impermeant Maurotoxin is without effect, indicating a specific role of mitoKCa3.1 in determining cell fate. At sub-lethal concentrations, pharmacological targeting of mitoKCa3.1 significantly reduced cancer cell migration by enhancing production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, and by downregulating expression of Bcl-2 Nineteen kD-Interacting Protein (BNIP-3) and of Rho GTPase CDC-42. This signaling cascade finally leads to cytoskeletal reorganization and impaired migration. Overexpression of BNIP-3 or pharmacological modulation of NF-κB and CDC-42 prevented the migration-reducing effect of mitoTRAM-34. In orthotopic models of melanoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the tumors at sacrifice were 60% smaller in treated versus untreated animals. Metastasis of melanoma cells to lymph nodes was also drastically reduced. No signs of toxicity were observed. In summary, our results identify mitochondrial KCa3.1 as an unexpected player in cancer cell migration and show that its pharmacological targeting is efficient against both tumor growth and metastatic spread in vivo.
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- 2022
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6. Voltage-Dependent Anion Selective Channel 3: Unraveling Structural and Functional Features of the Least Known Porin Isoform
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Simona Reina and Vanessa Checchetto
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VDAC3 ,electrophysiology ,planar lipid bilayer ,redox signaling ,human pathologies ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion-selective channels (VDAC) are pore-forming proteins located in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Three isoforms are encoded by separate genes in mammals (VDAC1-3). These proteins play a crucial role in the cell, forming the primary interface between mitochondrial and cellular metabolisms. Research on the role of VDACs in the cell is a rapidly growing field, but the function of VDAC3 remains elusive. The high-sequence similarity between isoforms suggests a similar pore-forming structure. Electrophysiological analyzes revealed that VDAC3 works as a channel; however, its gating and regulation remain debated. A comparison between VDAC3 and VDAC1-2 underlines the presence of a higher number of cysteines in both isoforms 2 and 3. Recent mass spectrometry data demonstrated that the redox state of VDAC3 cysteines is evolutionarily conserved. Accordingly, these residues were always detected as totally reduced or partially oxidized, thus susceptible to disulfide exchange. The deletion of selected cysteines significantly influences the function of the channel. Some cysteine mutants of VDAC3 exhibited distinct kinetic behavior, conductance values and voltage dependence, suggesting that channel activity can be modulated by cysteine reduction/oxidation. These properties point to VDAC3 as a possible marker of redox signaling in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about VDAC3 predicted structure, physiological role and regulation, and possible future directions in this research field.
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- 2022
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7. Mitochondrial Kv1.3: a New Target in Cancer Biology?
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Vanessa Checchetto, Elena Prosdocimi, and Luigi Leanza
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Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Published
- 2019
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8. High-Conductance Channel Formation in Yeast Mitochondria is Mediated by F-ATP Synthase e and g Subunits
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Michela Carraro, Vanessa Checchetto, Geppo Sartori, Roza Kucharczyk, Jean-Paul di Rago, Giovanni Minervini, Cinzia Franchin, Giorgio Arrigoni, Valentina Giorgio, Valeria Petronilli, Silvio C.E. Tosatto, Giovanna Lippe, Ildikó Szabó, and Paolo Bernardi
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Yeast mitochondria ,Mitochondrial megachannel ,Permeability transition ,F-ATP synthase ,Calcium ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: The permeability transition pore (PTP) is an unselective, Ca2+-dependent high conductance channel of the inner mitochondrial membrane whose molecular identity has long remained a mystery. The most recent hypothesis is that pore formation involves the F-ATP synthase, which consistently generates Ca2+-activated channels. Available structures do not display obvious features that can accommodate a channel; thus, how the pore can form and whether its activity can be entirely assigned to F-ATP synthase is the matter of debate. In this study, we investigated the role of F-ATP synthase subunits e, g and b in PTP formation. Methods: Yeast null mutants for e, g and the first transmembrane (TM) α-helix of subunit b were generated and evaluated for mitochondrial morphology (electron microscopy), membrane potential (Rhodamine123 fluorescence) and respiration (Clark electrode). Homoplasmic C23S mutant of subunit a was generated by in vitro mutagenesis followed by biolistic transformation. F-ATP synthase assembly was evaluated by BN-PAGE analysis. Cu2+ treatment was used to induce the formation of F-ATP synthase dimers in the absence of e and g subunits. The electrophysiological properties of F-ATP synthase were assessed in planar lipid bilayers. Results: Null mutants for the subunits e and g display dimer formation upon Cu2+ treatment and show PTP-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ release but not swelling. Cu2+ treatment causes formation of disulfide bridges between Cys23 of subunits a that stabilize dimers in absence of e and g subunits and favors the open state of wild-type F-ATP synthase channels. Absence of e and g subunits decreases conductance of the F-ATP synthase channel about tenfold. Ablation of the first TM of subunit b, which creates a distinct lateral domain with e and g, further affected channel activity. Conclusion: F-ATP synthase e, g and b subunits create a domain within the membrane that is critical for the generation of the high-conductance channel, thus is a prime candidate for PTP formation. Subunits e and g are only present in eukaryotes and may have evolved to confer this novel function to F-ATP synthase.
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- 2018
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9. Mitochondrial Ion Channels of the Inner Membrane and Their Regulation in Cell Death Signaling
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Andrea Urbani, Elena Prosdocimi, Andrea Carrer, Vanessa Checchetto, and Ildikò Szabò
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mitochondria ,ion channel ,cell death ,cell signaling ,apoptosis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Mitochondria are bioenergetic organelles with a plethora of fundamental functions ranging from metabolism and ATP production to modulation of signaling events leading to cell survival or cell death. Ion channels located in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes critically control mitochondrial function and, as a consequence, also cell fate. Opening or closure of mitochondrial ion channels allow the fine-tuning of mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, and function of the respiratory chain complexes. In this review, we critically discuss the intracellular regulatory factors that affect channel activity in the inner membrane of mitochondria and, indirectly, contribute to cell death. These factors include various ligands, kinases, second messengers, and lipids. Comprehension of mitochondrial ion channels regulation in cell death pathways might reveal new therapeutic targets in mitochondria-linked pathologies like cancer, ischemia, reperfusion injury, and neurological disorders.
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- 2021
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10. Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K+ Channel
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Yevheniia Kravenska, Vanessa Checchetto, and Ildiko Szabo
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mitochondria ,ion channels ,electrophysiology ,ATP-dependent potassium channel ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Potassium ions can cross both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes by means of multiple routes. A few potassium-permeable ion channels exist in the outer membrane, while in the inner membrane, a multitude of different potassium-selective and potassium-permeable channels mediate K+ uptake into energized mitochondria. In contrast, potassium is exported from the matrix thanks to an H+/K+ exchanger whose molecular identity is still debated. Among the K+ channels of the inner mitochondrial membrane, the most widely studied is the ATP-dependent potassium channel, whose pharmacological activation protects cells against ischemic damage and neuronal injury. In this review, we briefly summarize and compare the different hypotheses regarding the molecular identity of this patho-physiologically relevant channel, taking into account the electrophysiological characteristics of the proposed components. In addition, we discuss the characteristics of the other channels sharing localization to both the plasma membrane and mitochondria.
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- 2021
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11. Properties of the Permeability Transition of Pea Stem Mitochondria
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Valentina De Col, Elisa Petrussa, Valentino Casolo, Enrico Braidot, Giovanna Lippe, Antonio Filippi, Carlo Peresson, Sonia Patui, Alberto Bertolini, Valentina Giorgio, Vanessa Checchetto, Angelo Vianello, Paolo Bernardi, and Marco Zancani
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Ca2+ ,cyclophilin ,cyclosporin A ,F-ATP synthase ,permeability transition ,plant mitochondria ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
In striking analogy with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, etiolated pea stem mitochondria did not show appreciable Ca2+ uptake. Only treatment with the ionophore ETH129 (which allows electrophoretic Ca2+ equilibration) caused Ca2+ uptake followed by increased inner membrane permeability, membrane depolarization and Ca2+ release. Like the permeability transition (PT) of mammals, yeast and Drosophila, the PT of pea stem mitochondria was stimulated by diamide and phenylarsine oxide and inhibited by Mg-ADP and Mg-ATP, suggesting a common underlying mechanism; yet, the plant PT also displayed distinctive features: (i) as in mammals it was desensitized by cyclosporin A, which does not affect the PT of yeast and Drosophila; (ii) similarly to S. cerevisiae and Drosophila it was inhibited by Pi, which stimulates the PT of mammals; (iii) like in mammals and Drosophila it was sensitized by benzodiazepine 423, which is ineffective in S. cerevisiae; (iv) like what observed in Drosophila it did not mediate swelling and cytochrome c release, which is instead seen in mammals and S. cerevisiae. We find that cyclophilin D, the mitochondrial receptor for cyclosporin A, is present in pea stem mitochondria. These results indicate that the plant PT has unique features and suggest that, as in Drosophila, it may provide pea stem mitochondria with a Ca2+ release channel.
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- 2018
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12. From Channels to Canonical Wnt Signaling: A Pathological Perspective
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Silvia Muccioli, Valentina Brillo, Leonardo Chieregato, Luigi Leanza, Vanessa Checchetto, and Roberto Costa
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Wnt signaling ,ion channels ,cancer ,metabolic diseases ,neurological disorders ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Wnt signaling is an important pathway mainly active during embryonic development and controlling cell proliferation. This regulatory pathway is aberrantly activated in several human diseases. Ion channels are known modulators of several important cellular functions ranging from the tuning of the membrane potential to modulation of intracellular pathways, in particular the influence of ion channels in Wnt signaling regulation has been widely investigated. This review will discuss the known links between ion channels and canonical Wnt signaling, focusing on their possible roles in human metabolic diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer.
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- 2021
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13. An Angiopep2-PAPTP Construct Overcomes the Blood-Brain Barrier. New Perspectives against Brain Tumors
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Sofia Parrasia, Andrea Rossa, Tatiana Varanita, Vanessa Checchetto, Riccardo De Lorenzi, Mario Zoratti, Cristina Paradisi, Paolo Ruzza, Andrea Mattarei, Ildikò Szabò, and Lucia Biasutto
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PAPTP ,Angiopep-2 ,blood-brain barrier ,brain delivery ,glioma ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
A developing family of chemotherapeutics—derived from 5-(4-phenoxybutoxy)psoralen (PAP-1)—target mitochondrial potassium channel mtKv1.3 to selectively induce oxidative stress and death of diseased cells. The key to their effectiveness is the presence of a positively charged triphenylphosphonium group which drives their accumulation in the organelles. These compounds have proven their preclinical worth in murine models of cancers such as melanoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In in vitro experiments they also efficiently killed glioblastoma cells, but in vivo they were powerless against orthotopic glioma because they were completely unable to overcome the blood-brain barrier. In an effort to improve brain delivery we have now coupled one of these promising compounds, PAPTP, to well-known cell-penetrating and brain-targeting peptides TAT48–61 and Angiopep-2. Coupling has been obtained by linking one of the phenyl groups of the triphenylphosphonium to the first amino acid of the peptide via a reversible carbamate ester bond. Both TAT48–61 and Angiopep-2 allowed the delivery of 0.3–0.4 nmoles of construct per gram of brain tissue upon intravenous (i.v.) injection of 5 µmoles/kg bw to mice. This is the first evidence of PAPTP delivery to the brain; the chemical strategy described here opens the possibility to conjugate PAPTP to small peptides in order to fine-tune tissue distribution of this interesting compound.
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- 2021
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14. Recombinant Human Voltage Dependent Anion Selective Channel Isoform 3 (hVDAC3) Forms Pores with a Very Small Conductance
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Vanessa Checchetto, Simona Reina, Andrea Magrì, Ildikò Szabo, and Vito De Pinto
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Voltage Dependent Anion selective Channel isoform 3 ,Pore-formation ,Mitochondrial outer membrane ,Planar lipid bilayer ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), also known as eukaryotic porins, are located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and allow the flux of ions and small metabolites. While the pore-forming ability of recombinant VDAC1 and VDAC2 has been extensively studied during the last decades, a clear-cut ion conducting channel activity has not been assigned to the VDAC3 isoform. Methods: Electrophysiological characterization of the recombinant protein purified and refolded was obtained after incorporation into planar lipid bilayers. Results: Here we report for the first time that recombinant hVDAC3, upon expression in E.coli and purification-refolding, shows a channel activity with a very small conductance (90 pS in 1 M KCl) with respect to the conductance of hVDAC1 (>3500 pS in 1 M KCl). Purified hVDAC3 allowed the passage of both chloride and gluconate anions and did not distinguish between potassium, sodium and calcium used as cations. In contrast to VDAC1, the channel was active also at transmembrane voltages higher than +/-40 mV and displayed a relatively high open probability even at +/-80 mV. hVDAC3 was only slightly voltage-dependent, displaying a tendency to adopt lower-conductance states at positive voltages applied to the cis chamber. In accordance with the small conductance of the pore, expression of hVDAC3 in a porin-less yeast strain allowed only partial recovery of the growth under non-permissive conditions. Conclusion: The observed electrophysiological properties of hVDAC3 are surprisingly different from the other isoforms and are discussed in relation to the proposed physiological role of the protein in mammalian cells.
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- 2014
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15. Targeting Mitochondrial Ion Channels to Fight Cancer
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Magdalena Bachmann, Roberto Costa, Roberta Peruzzo, Elena Prosdocimi, Vanessa Checchetto, and Luigi Leanza
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ion channels ,mitochondria ,cancer cells ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In recent years, several experimental evidences have underlined a new role of ion channels in cancer development and progression. In particular, mitochondrial ion channels are arising as new oncological targets, since it has been proved that most of them show an altered expression during tumor development and the pharmacological targeting of some of them have been demonstrated to be able to modulate cancer growth and progression, both in vitro as well as in vivo in pre-clinical mouse models. In this scenario, pharmacology of mitochondrial ion channels would be in the near future a new frontier for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we discuss the new advances in the field, by focusing our attention on the improvements in new drug developments to target mitochondrial ion channels.
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- 2018
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16. A novel potassium channel in photosynthetic cyanobacteria.
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Manuela Zanetti, Enrico Teardo, Nicoletta La Rocca, Lalu Zulkifli, Vanessa Checchetto, Toshiaki Shijuku, Yuki Sato, Giorgio Mario Giacometti, Noboyuki Uozumi, Elisabetta Bergantino, and Ildikò Szabò
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Elucidation of the structure-function relationship of a small number of prokaryotic ion channels characterized so far greatly contributed to our knowledge on basic mechanisms of ion conduction. We identified a new potassium channel (SynK) in the genome of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, a photosynthetic model organism. SynK, when expressed in a K(+)-uptake-system deficient E. coli strain, was able to recover growth of these organisms. The protein functions as a potassium selective ion channel when expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The location of SynK in cyanobacteria in both thylakoid and plasmamembranes was revealed by immunogold electron microscopy and Western blotting of isolated membrane fractions. SynK seems to be conserved during evolution, giving rise to a TPK (two-pore K(+) channel) family member which is shown here to be located in the thylakoid membrane of Arabidopsis. Our work characterizes a novel cyanobacterial potassium channel and indicates the molecular nature of the first higher plant thylakoid cation channel, opening the way to functional studies.
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- 2010
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17. Mitochondrial Kv1.3: a New Target in Cancer Biology?
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Elena Prosdocimi, Vanessa Checchetto, and Luigi Leanza
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0301 basic medicine ,Programmed cell death ,Physiology ,channel ,Apoptosis ,Mitochondrion ,lcsh:Physiology ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neoplasms ,Animals ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,Cell Proliferation ,ion, channel, Kv1.3 ,Kv1.3 Potassium Channel ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Kv1.3 ,Wnt signaling pathway ,Voltage-gated potassium channel ,Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ,Potassium channel ,Mitochondria ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Catenin ,RNA Interference ,ion ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Intracellular ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Kv1.3 is a voltage gated potassium channel located in the plasma membrane, as well as at intracellular levels, such as mitochondria (mitoKv1.3), nucleus and Golgi apparatus. The plasma membrane channel has been shown to be important for cell proliferation, while the mitochondrial counterpart has been related to modulation of cell death. Moreover, altered expression of Kv1.3 was observed in various tumors and Kv1.3 seems to be involved in development and progression of various cancerous forms. Recent experimental evidences have proved that pharmacological inhibition of the mitoKv1.3 succeeded in reducing up to 90% of tumor volume in vivo in orthotopic mouse model. Furthermore, mitoKv1.3 modulation could impact on cell proliferation as well as on regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. Indeed, the treatment with sub-lethal doses of mitoKv1.3 inhibitors can downregulate Wnt-β catenin signaling by reducing mitochondrial ATP production and triggering ER-stress. In this review, we describe the role of the mitoKv1.3 in cell death, cancer and intracellular signaling. We will discuss how pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial potassium fluxes impact on mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species production and ATP synthesis. All these changes in mitochondrial fitness are related to cell proliferation as well as to cell death and finally on cancer development and progression, so Kv1.3 (and mitoKv1.3) could be now considered a new oncological target.
- Published
- 2019
18. Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K
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Ildikò Szabò, Yevheniia Kravenska, and Vanessa Checchetto
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Potassium Channels ,Potassium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Review ,Mitochondrion ,Microbiology ,Biochemistry ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Inner membrane ,Animals ,Humans ,Inner mitochondrial membrane ,Molecular Biology ,Ion channel ,Chemistry ,ion channels ,electrophysiology ,ATP-dependent potassium channel ,QR1-502 ,Potassium channel ,mitochondria ,Membrane ,Mitochondrial Membranes ,Biophysics ,Electrophysiology ,Ion channels ,Mitochondria ,Bacterial outer membrane - Abstract
Potassium ions can cross both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes by means of multiple routes. A few potassium-permeable ion channels exist in the outer membrane, while in the inner membrane, a multitude of different potassium-selective and potassium-permeable channels mediate K+ uptake into energized mitochondria. In contrast, potassium is exported from the matrix thanks to an H+/K+ exchanger whose molecular identity is still debated. Among the K+ channels of the inner mitochondrial membrane, the most widely studied is the ATP-dependent potassium channel, whose pharmacological activation protects cells against ischemic damage and neuronal injury. In this review, we briefly summarize and compare the different hypotheses regarding the molecular identity of this patho-physiologically relevant channel, taking into account the electrophysiological characteristics of the proposed components. In addition, we discuss the characteristics of the other channels sharing localization to both the plasma membrane and mitochondria.
- Published
- 2021
19. Identification of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel in mitochondria
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Fabio Di Lisa, Angela Paggio, Antonio Campo, Roberta Menabò, Diego De Stefani, Ildikò Szabò, Giulia Di Marco, Rosario Rizzuto, and Vanessa Checchetto
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Cardiotonic Agents ,Potassium Channels ,ATP-sensitive potassium channel ,Protein subunit ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Mitochondrion ,Article ,Mitochondria, Heart ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,0302 clinical medicine ,Organelle ,Diazoxide ,medicine ,Animals ,Heart metabolism ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,Membrane potential ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,Heart ,Organ Size ,Electrophysiological Phenomena ,Cell biology ,Protein Subunits ,030104 developmental biology ,Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ,Potassium ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Mitochondria provide chemical energy for endoergonic reactions in the form of ATP, and their activity must meet cellular energy requirements, but the mechanisms that link organelle performance to ATP levels are poorly understood. Here we confirm the existence of a protein complex localized in mitochondria that mediates ATP-dependent potassium currents (that is, mitoKATP). We show that-similar to their plasma membrane counterparts-mitoKATP channels are composed of pore-forming and ATP-binding subunits, which we term MITOK and MITOSUR, respectively. In vitro reconstitution of MITOK together with MITOSUR recapitulates the main properties of mitoKATP. Overexpression of MITOK triggers marked organelle swelling, whereas the genetic ablation of this subunit causes instability in the mitochondrial membrane potential, widening of the intracristal space and decreased oxidative phosphorylation. In a mouse model, the loss of MITOK suppresses the cardioprotection that is elicited by pharmacological preconditioning induced by diazoxide. Our results indicate that mitoKATP channels respond to the cellular energetic status by regulating organelle volume and function, and thereby have a key role in mitochondrial physiology and potential effects on several pathological processes.
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- 2019
20. F‐<scp>ATP</scp>synthase and the permeability transition pore: fewer doubts, more certainties
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Michela Carraro, Vanessa Checchetto, Ildikò Szabò, and Paolo Bernardi
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Conformational change ,animal structures ,channel ,Biophysics ,ATP synthase ,calcium ,cyclophilin ,mitochondria ,permeability transition ,Mitochondrion ,Protein Engineering ,Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ,environment and public health ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Structural Biology ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Cyclophilin ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Transition (genetics) ,Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore ,Chemistry ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Mutagenesis ,Cell Biology ,Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ,enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates) ,Mitochondrial permeability transition pore ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,biology.protein - Abstract
Whether the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), also called mitochondrial megachannel (MMC), originates from the F-ATP synthase is a matter of controversy. This hypothesis is supported both by site-directed mutagenesis of specific residues of F-ATP synthase affecting regulation of the PTP/MMC and by deletion of specific subunits causing dramatic changes in channel conductance. In contrast, human cells lacking an assembled F-ATP synthase apparently display persistence of the PTP. We discuss recent data that shed new light on this controversy, supporting the conclusion that the PTP/MMC originates from a Ca2+ -dependent conformational change in F-ATP synthase allowing its reversible transformation into a high-conductance channel.
- Published
- 2019
21. High-Conductance Channel Formation in Yeast Mitochondria is Mediated by F-ATP Synthase e and g Subunits
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Roza Kucharczyk, Vanessa Checchetto, Ildikò Szabò, Silvio C. E. Tosatto, Valeria Petronilli, Michela Carraro, Giovanni Minervini, Cinzia Franchin, Geppo Sartori, Paolo Bernardi, Giovanna Lippe, Jean-Paul di Rago, Valentina Giorgio, Giorgio Arrigoni, Carraro M., Checchetto V., Sartori G., Kucharczyk R., Di Rago J.-P., Minervini G., Franchin C., Arrigoni G., Giorgio V., Petronilli V., Tosatto S.C.E., Lippe G., Szabo I., and Bernardi P.
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0301 basic medicine ,Yeast mitochondria ,Protein Structure ,Secondary ,Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPase ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ,Physiology ,Protein subunit ,Mutant ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Mitochondrion ,Membrane Potential ,F-ATP synthase ,Protein Structure, Secondary ,lcsh:Physiology ,Calcium ,Mitochondrial megachannel ,Permeability transition ,Cryoelectron Microscopy ,Dimerization ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,Mitochondria ,Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ,Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ,Protein Structure, Tertiary ,Protein Subunits ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Site-Directed ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,Inner mitochondrial membrane ,Protein Subunit ,Yeast mitochondria • Mitochondrial megachannel • Permeability transition • F-ATP synthase • Calcium ,Membrane potential ,ATP synthase ,biology ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,Chemistry ,Mutagenesis ,Transmembrane protein ,Mitochondrial ,030104 developmental biology ,Biophysics ,biology.protein ,Tertiary - Abstract
Background/Aims: The permeability transition pore (PTP) is an unselective, Ca2+-dependent high conductance channel of the inner mitochondrial membrane whose molecular identity has long remained a mystery. The most recent hypothesis is that pore formation involves the F-ATP synthase, which consistently generates Ca2+-activated channels. Available structures do not display obvious features that can accommodate a channel; thus, how the pore can form and whether its activity can be entirely assigned to F-ATP synthase is the matter of debate. In this study, we investigated the role of F-ATP synthase subunits e, g and b in PTP formation. Methods: Yeast null mutants for e, g and the first transmembrane (TM) α-helix of subunit b were generated and evaluated for mitochondrial morphology (electron microscopy), membrane potential (Rhodamine123 fluorescence) and respiration (Clark electrode). Homoplasmic C23S mutant of subunit a was generated by in vitro mutagenesis followed by biolistic transformation. F-ATP synthase assembly was evaluated by BN-PAGE analysis. Cu2+ treatment was used to induce the formation of F-ATP synthase dimers in the absence of e and g subunits. The electrophysiological properties of F-ATP synthase were assessed in planar lipid bilayers. Results: Null mutants for the subunits e and g display dimer formation upon Cu2+ treatment and show PTP-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ release but not swelling. Cu2+ treatment causes formation of disulfide bridges between Cys23 of subunits a that stabilize dimers in absence of e and g subunits and favors the open state of wild-type F-ATP synthase channels. Absence of e and g subunits decreases conductance of the F-ATP synthase channel about tenfold. Ablation of the first TM of subunit b, which creates a distinct lateral domain with e and g, further affected channel activity. Conclusion: F-ATP synthase e, g and b subunits create a domain within the membrane that is critical for the generation of the high-conductance channel, thus is a prime candidate for PTP formation. Subunits e and g are only present in eukaryotes and may have evolved to confer this novel function to F-ATP synthase.
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- 2018
22. An Angiopep2-PAPTP Construct Overcomes the Blood-Brain Barrier. New Perspectives against Brain Tumors
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Andrea Mattarei, Lucia Biasutto, Riccardo De Lorenzi, Vanessa Checchetto, Tatiana Varanita, Mario Zoratti, Ildikò Szabò, Andrea Rossa, Cristina Paradisi, Paolo Ruzza, and Sofia Parrasia
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brain delivery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:RS1-441 ,Peptide ,Blood–brain barrier ,Article ,lcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,In vivo ,Glioma ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Psoralen ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,lcsh:R ,PAPTP ,blood-brain barrier ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,Amino acid ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Angiopep-2 ,Blood-brain barrier ,Brain delivery ,Conjugate - Abstract
A developing family of chemotherapeutics – derived from 5-(4-phenoxybutoxy)psoralen (PAP-1) – target mitochondrial potassium channel mtKv1.3 to selectively induce oxidative stress and death of diseased cells. The key to their effectiveness is the presence of a positively charged triphenylphosphonium group which drives their accumulation in the organelles. These compounds have proven their preclinical worth in murine models of cancers such as melanoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In in vitro experiments they also efficiently killed glioblastoma cells, but in vivo they were powerless against orthotopic glioma because they were completely unable to overcome the blood-brain barrier. In an effort to improve brain delivery we have now coupled one of these promising compounds, PAPTP, to well-known cell-penetrating and brain-targeting peptides TAT48–61 and Angiopep-2. Coupling has been obtained by linking one of the phenyl groups of the triphenylphosphonium to the first amino acid of the peptide via a reversible carbamate ester bond. Both TAT48–61 and Angiopep-2 allowed the delivery of 0.3–0.4 nmoles of construct per gram of brain tissue upon intravenous (i.v.) injection of 5 µmoles/kg bw to mice. This is the first evidence of PAPTP delivery to the brain, the chemical strategy described here opens the possibility to conjugate PAPTP to small peptides in order to fine-tune tissue distribution of this interesting compound.
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- 2021
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23. Mitochondrial K
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Vanessa, Checchetto, Luigi, Leanza, Diego, De Stefani, Rosario, Rizzuto, Erich, Gulbins, and Ildiko, Szabo
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Potassium Channels ,Drug Therapy ,Humans ,Mitochondria - Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels underwent a rapid development during the last decade, thanks to the molecular identification of some of the nuclear-encoded organelle channels and to advances in strategies allowing specific pharmacological targeting of these proteins. Thereby, genetic tools and specific drugs aided definition of the relevance of several mitochondrial channels both in physiological as well as pathological conditions. Unfortunately, in the case of mitochondrial K
- Published
- 2020
24. Mitochondrial potassium channels in cell death
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Roberta Peruzzo, Luigi Leanza, Michele Azzolini, Paola Capitanio, and Vanessa Checchetto
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0301 basic medicine ,Programmed cell death ,Potassium Channels ,Biophysics ,Respiratory chain ,Apoptosis ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Cancer ,Mitochondria ,Potassium channel ,ROS ,Animals ,Cytochromes c ,Energy Metabolism ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Humans ,Ion Transport ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,Mitochondrial Membranes ,Neoplasms ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Signal Transduction ,Membrane Potential ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Molecular Biology ,Ion channel ,Membrane potential ,Cell Biology ,Mitochondrial ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,mitochondrial fusion ,Intracellular - Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in several processes from bioenergetics to cell death. In the latest years, ion channels are arising as new possible targets in controlling several cellular functions. The discovery that several plasma membrane located ion channels have intracellular counterparts, has now implemented this consideration and the number of studies enforcing the understanding of their role in different metabolic pathways. In this review, we will discuss the recent updates in the field, focusing our attention on the involvement of potassium channels during mitochondrial mediated apoptotic cell death. Since mitochondria are one of the key organelles involved in this process, it is not surprising that potassium channels located in their inner membrane could be involved in modulating mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, and respiratory chain complexes functions. Eventually, these events lead to changes in the mitochondrial fitness that prelude to the cytochrome c release and apoptosis. In this scenario, both the inhibition and the activation of mitochondrial potassium channels could cause cell death, and their targeting could be a novel pharmacological way to treat different human diseases.
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- 2018
25. Targeting the Mitochondrial Potassium Channel Kv1.3 to Kill Cancer Cells: Drugs, Strategies, and New Perspectives
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Luigi Leanza, Vanessa Checchetto, and Elena Prosdocimi
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0301 basic medicine ,Programmed cell death ,Angiogenesis ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Apoptosis ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Metastasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,cancer ,ion channels ,mitochondria ,Cell Movement ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Cell Proliferation ,Kv1.3 Potassium Channel ,Neovascularization, Pathologic ,Cell growth ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Mitochondria ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Cancer is the consequence of aberrations in cell growth or cell death. In this scenario, mitochondria and ion channels play a critical role in regard to cell proliferation, malignant angiogenesis, migration, and metastasis. In this review, we focus on Kv1.3 and specifically on mitoKv1.3, which showed an aberrant expression in cancer cells compared with healthy tissues and which is involved in the apoptotic pathway. In recent years, mitoKv1.3 has become an oncological target since its pharmacological modulation has been demonstrated to reduce tumor growth and progression both in vitro and in vivo using preclinical mouse models of different types of tumors.
- Published
- 2019
26. MCU Regulation in Lipid Bilayer and Electrophysiological Recording
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Vanessa, Checchetto and Ildikò, Szabò
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Protein Subunits ,Ion Transport ,Proteolipids ,Lipid Bilayers ,Animals ,Humans ,Calcium ,Calcium Channels ,Calcium Signaling ,Cations, Monovalent - Abstract
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter dominant negative b- subunit (MCUb) are pore-forming components of the uniporter complex. We expressed these MCU subunits in cell-free transcription/translation systems, and we studied them, at the single molecule level, using the electrophysiological technique of planar lipid bilayer.We showed that MCU gives rise to single-channel Ca
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- 2019
27. Electrophysiological Characterization of Calcium-Permeable Channels Using Planar Lipid Bilayer
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Vanessa, Checchetto and Ildikò, Szabò
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Proteolipids ,Lipid Bilayers ,Animals ,Humans ,Calcium ,Calcium Channels ,Calcium Signaling - Abstract
Numerous researchers tried to identify the key players of calcium signaling in mitochondria using molecular and cell biology techniques for more than five decades. However, only an integrated approach involving also electrophysiological techniques has finally allowed to define the components of the protein complex responsible for the uptake of this ion into mitochondria.Here we describe the protocol used for the electrophysiological characterization of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex: the following outline indicates step-by-step the setup of planar lipid bilayer experiments.
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- 2019
28. Electrophysiological Characterization of Calcium-Permeable Channels Using Planar Lipid Bilayer
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Ildikò Szabò and Vanessa Checchetto
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0301 basic medicine ,Voltage-dependent calcium channel ,Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Integrated approach ,Mitochondrion ,Calcium ,Characterization (materials science) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Electrophysiology ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Biophysics ,Planar lipid bilayer ,Calcium signaling - Abstract
Numerous researchers tried to identify the key players of calcium signaling in mitochondria using molecular and cell biology techniques for more than five decades. However, only an integrated approach involving also electrophysiological techniques has finally allowed to define the components of the protein complex responsible for the uptake of this ion into mitochondria.Here we describe the protocol used for the electrophysiological characterization of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex: the following outline indicates step-by-step the setup of planar lipid bilayer experiments.
- Published
- 2019
29. MCU Regulation in Lipid Bilayer and Electrophysiological Recording
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Vanessa Checchetto and Ildikò Szabò
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0301 basic medicine ,Chemistry ,Protein subunit ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,03 medical and health sciences ,Electrophysiology ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transcription (biology) ,Biophysics ,Lipid bilayer ,Uniporter ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Ion channel ,Calcium signaling - Abstract
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter dominant negative b- subunit (MCUb) are pore-forming components of the uniporter complex. We expressed these MCU subunits in cell-free transcription/translation systems, and we studied them, at the single molecule level, using the electrophysiological technique of planar lipid bilayer.We showed that MCU gives rise to single-channel Ca2+ currents. In contrast, MCUb alone does not display calcium-permeable channel activity, while the co-expression of MCUb:MCU drastically alters the calcium permeation mediated by MCU subunit.
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- 2019
30. Properties of the Permeability Transition of Pea Stem Mitochondria
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Sonia Patui, Valentina De Col, Paolo Bernardi, Vanessa Checchetto, Antonio Filippi, Marco Zancani, Giovanna Lippe, Valentino Casolo, Alberto Bertolini, Valentina Giorgio, Elisa Petrussa, Angelo Vianello, Carlo Peresson, Enrico Braidot, De Col V., Petrussa E., Casolo V., Braidot E., Lippe G., Filippi A., Peresson C., Patui S., Bertolini A., Giorgio V., Checchetto V., Vianello A., Bernardi P., and Zancani M.
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Ca ,2+ ,Cyclophilin ,Cyclosporin A ,F-ATP synthase ,Permeability transition ,Plant mitochondria ,Physiology ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Mitochondrion ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Physiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Physiology (medical) ,Cyclosporin a ,Inner membrane ,Phenylarsine oxide ,Original Research ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cytochrome c ,Ca2+ ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Depolarization ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,biology.protein ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
In striking analogy with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, etiolated pea stem mitochondria did not show appreciable Ca2+ uptake. Only treatment with the ionophore ETH129 (which allows electrophoretic Ca2+ equilibration) caused Ca2+ uptake followed by increased inner membrane permeability, membrane depolarization and Ca2+ release. Like the permeability transition (PT) of mammals, yeast and Drosophila, the PT of pea stem mitochondria was stimulated by diamide and phenylarsine oxide and inhibited by Mg-ADP and Mg-ATP, suggesting a common underlying mechanism; yet, the plant PT also displayed distinctive features: (i) as in mammals it was desensitized by cyclosporin A, which does not affect the PT of yeast and Drosophila; (ii) similarly to S. cerevisiae and Drosophila it was inhibited by Pi, which stimulates the PT of mammals; (iii) like in mammals and Drosophila it was sensitized by benzodiazepine 423, which is ineffective in S. cerevisiae; (iv) like what observed in Drosophila it did not mediate swelling and cytochrome c release, which is instead seen in mammals and S. cerevisiae. We find that cyclophilin D, the mitochondrial receptor for cyclosporin A, is present in pea stem mitochondria. These results indicate that the plant PT has unique features and suggest that, as in Drosophila, it may provide pea stem mitochondria with a Ca2+ release channel.
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- 2018
31. Ion Channels in Plant Bioenergetic Organelles, Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: From Molecular Identification to Function
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Nobuyuki Uozumi, Giovanni Finazzi, Luca Carraretto, Enrico Teardo, Vanessa Checchetto, Ildikò Szabò, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tohoku University, Tohoku University [Sendai], Italian Ministry (PRIN 2010CSJX4F), Padova University Project, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (grants 15H02226, 24658090, and25292055), Human Frontiers Science Program (HFSP0052 ), Marie Curie Initial Training Network Accliphot (FP7-PEPOPLE-2012-ITN, 316427), ANR-12-BIME-0005,DiaDomOil,Domestication des diatomées pour la production de biocarburants(2012), ANR-09-BLAN-0139,PhytAdapt,Adaptation du phytoplancton(2009), Department of Biology, University of Padova, Universita degli Studi di Padova, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR: NT09_567009,Phytadapt,Phytadapt
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0301 basic medicine ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Proteomics ,cyanobacteria ,03 medical and health sciences ,Arabidopsis ,Organelle ,Key words ion channels ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,chloroplasts ,endosymbiosis ,mitochondria ,plant physiology ,Chloroplasts ,Ion Channels ,Mitochondria ,Plant Proteins ,Molecular Biology ,Ion channel ,Ion transporter ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,ion channels ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,Chloroplast ,030104 developmental biology ,Ion homeostasis ,Function (biology) - Abstract
International audience; Recent technical advances in electrophysiological measurements, organelle-targeted fluorescence imaging, and organelle proteomics have pushed the research of ion transport a step forward in the case of the plant bioenergetic organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria, leading to the molecular identification and functional characterization of several ion transport systems in recent years. Here we focus on channels that mediate relatively high-rate ion and water flux and summarize the current knowledge in this field, focusing on targeting mechanisms, proteomics, electrophysiology, and physiological function. In addition, since chloroplasts evolved from a cyanobacterial ancestor, we give an overview of the information available about cyanobacterial ion channels and discuss the evolutionary origin of chloroplast channels. The recent molecular identification of some of these ion channels allowed their physiological functions to be studied using genetically modified Arabidopsis plants and cyanobacteria. The view is emerging that alteration of chloroplast and mitochondrial ion homeostasis leads to organelle dysfunction, which in turn significantly affects the energy metabolism of the whole organism. Clear-cut identification of genes encoding for channels in these organelles, however, remains a major challenge in this rapidly developing field. Multiple strategies including bioinformatics, cell biology, electrophysiology, use of organelle-targeted ion-sensitive probes, genetics, and identification of signals eliciting specific ion fluxes across organelle membranes should provide a better understanding of the physiological role of organellar channels and their contribution to signaling pathways in plants in the future.
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- 2016
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32. VDAC3 as a sensor of oxidative state of the intermembrane space of mitochondria: the putative role of cysteine residue modifications
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Ankit Gupta, Carlo Guardiani, Salvatore Foti, Deepti Chaturvedi, Mariano Andrea Scorciapino, Vito De Pinto, Simona Reina, Rosaria Saletti, Francesca Guarino, Vanessa Checchetto, Andrea Magrì, Ildikò Szabò, Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi, Angela Messina, and Matteo Ceccarelli
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Electrophoresis ,0301 basic medicine ,Mitochondrial intermembrane space ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Molecular Dynamics Simulation ,Biology ,Mitochondrion ,Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ,Mass Spectrometry ,Electron Transport ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Research Paper: Autophagy and Cell Death ,Cysteine oxidation ,Escherichia coli ,Disulfide bridge ,Mass spectrometry ,VDACs ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Animals ,Cysteine ,Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ,Humans ,Liver ,Mitochondria ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Protein Isoforms ,Rats ,Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels ,Oncology ,Mitochondrial protein ,Polyacrylamide Gel ,VDAC3 ,Disulfide bond ,Redox status ,030104 developmental biology ,cysteine oxidation ,disulfide bridge ,mass spectrometry ,mitochondrial intermembrane space ,vdacs ,amino acid sequence ,animals ,cysteine ,electron transport ,electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel ,escherichia coli ,humans ,liver ,mitochondria ,mitochondrial membrane transport proteins ,molecular dynamics simulation ,molecular sequence data ,oxidation-reduction ,protein isoforms ,rats ,saccharomyces cerevisiae ,voltage-dependent anion channels ,Biochemistry ,13. Climate action ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Intermembrane space - Abstract
// Simona Reina 1,2* , Vanessa Checchetto 3,4,5,* , Rosaria Saletti 6 , Ankit Gupta 7,* , Deepti Chaturvedi 7,* , Carlo Guardiani 8 , Francesca Guarino 1,2 , Mariano Andrea Scorciapino 9 , Andrea Magri 1,2 , Salvatore Foti 6 , Matteo Ceccarelli 8,10,** , Angela Anna Messina 11,12,** , Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi 7,** , Ildiko Szabo 3,4,** and Vito De Pinto 1,2 1 Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology BIOMETEC, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy 2 National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Section of Catania, Catania, Italy 3 Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy 4 CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy 5 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy 6 Department of Chemical Sciences, Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy 7 Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India 8 Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 9 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 10 Istituto Officina dei Materiali del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IOM-CNR), UOS, Trieste, Italy 11 Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy 12 National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Section of Catania, Catania, Italy * These authors have contributed equally to this work ** Co-corresponding author Correspondence to: Vito De Pinto, email: // Keywords : VDACs, cysteine oxidation, disulfide bridge, mitochondrial intermembrane space, mass spectrometry Received : October 21, 2015 Accepted : December 23, 2015 Published : January 08, 2016 Abstract Voltage-Dependent Anion selective Channels (VDAC) are pore-forming mitochondrial outer membrane proteins. In mammals VDAC3, the least characterized isoform, presents a set of cysteines predicted to be exposed toward the intermembrane space. We find that cysteines in VDAC3 can stay in different oxidation states. This was preliminary observed when, in our experimental conditions, completely lacking any reducing agent, VDAC3 presented a pattern of slightly different electrophoretic mobilities. This observation holds true both for rat liver mitochondrial VDAC3 and for recombinant and refolded human VDAC3. Mass spectroscopy revealed that cysteines 2 and 8 can form a disulfide bridge in native VDAC3. Single or combined site-directed mutagenesis of cysteines 2, 8 and 122 showed that the protein mobility in SDS-PAGE is influenced by the presence of cysteine and by the redox status. In addition, cysteines 2, 8 and 122 are involved in the stability control of the pore as shown by electrophysiology, complementation assays and chemico-physical characterization. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the pore conductance of the mutants and their ability to complement the growth of porin-less yeast mutant cells was found. Our work provides evidence for a complex oxidation pattern of a mitochondrial protein not directly involved in electron transport. The most likely biological meaning of this behavior is to buffer the ROS load and keep track of the redox level in the inter-membrane space, eventually signaling it through conformational changes.
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- 2016
33. Functional characterization of dMpv17 in Drosophila melanogaster
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Corra, Samantha, Michele Brischigliaro, vanessa checchetto, Emanuela, Bottani, CHIARA RAMPAZZO, Cristina, Gagliani, Katia, Cortese, Ildiko Szabo, Daniele, Ghezzi, Massimo Zeviani, RODOLFO COSTA, and Cristiano De Pitta
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- 2018
34. Molecular Players of Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling: Similarities and Different Aspects in Various Organisms
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Anna Raffaello, Rosario Rizzuto, Diego De Stefani, Ildikò Szabò, and Vanessa Checchetto
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Signalling ,Gene expression ,food and beverages ,Metabolism ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Uniporter ,Calcium in biology ,Calcium signaling ,Cytosolic calcium ,Cell biology - Abstract
In living organisms different developmental and environmental stimuli can trigger Ca2+ transients of specific signature that can modulate gene expression and metabolism. Mitochondria play an important role in shaping intracellular calcium dynamics. Recently, several molecular players involved in mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling have been identified both in animals and plants, including those of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex, MCUC. In he present review the significance of mitochondrial Ca2+ control is discussed in the light of the cytosolic calcium signalling and of specific metabolic and energetic needs of different organisms.
- Published
- 2017
35. MICU1 and MICU2 Finely Tune the Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter by Exerting Opposite Effects on MCU Activity
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Anna Raffaello, Enrico Teardo, Rosario Rizzuto, Diego De Stefani, Veronica Granatiero, Ildikò Szabò, Maura Mantoan, Vanessa Checchetto, Maria Patron, and Denis Vecellio Reane
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Cytoplasm ,Lipid Bilayers ,Mitochondrion ,Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ,Article ,Mitochondrial membrane transport protein ,Aequorin ,Cytosol ,Calcium-binding protein ,Organelle ,Humans ,Mitochondrial calcium uptake ,Disulfides ,Gene Silencing ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Lipid bilayer ,Uniporter ,Cation Transport Proteins ,Molecular Biology ,biology ,Voltage-dependent calcium channel ,Calcium-Binding Proteins ,Cell Biology ,Immunohistochemistry ,Cell biology ,Mitochondria ,Electrophysiology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,biology.protein ,Calcium ,Calcium Channels ,Dimerization ,HeLa Cells ,Protein Binding ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Summary Mitochondrial calcium accumulation was recently shown to depend on a complex composed of an inner-membrane channel (MCU and MCUb) and regulatory subunits (MICU1, MCUR1, and EMRE). A fundamental property of MCU is low activity at resting cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, preventing deleterious Ca2+ cycling and organelle overload. Here we demonstrate that these properties are ensured by a regulatory heterodimer composed of two proteins with opposite effects, MICU1 and MICU2, which, both in purified lipid bilayers and in intact cells, stimulate and inhibit MCU activity, respectively. Both MICU1 and MICU2 are regulated by calcium through their EF-hand domains, thus accounting for the sigmoidal response of MCU to [Ca2+] in situ and allowing tight physiological control. At low [Ca2+], the dominant effect of MICU2 largely shuts down MCU activity; at higher [Ca2+], the stimulatory effect of MICU1 allows the prompt response of mitochondria to Ca2+ signals generated in the cytoplasm., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • MICU1 and MICU2 form an obligate heterodimer • MICU1 enhances MCU opening • MICU2 acts as an MCU gatekeeper, Mitochondrial calcium uptake is rapid in response to calcium signaling. Patron et al. demonstrate that this response is not intrinsic to the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) but rather is dependent on a disulfide-mediated dimer of MCU interactors (MICU1 and MICU2). At low [Ca2+], MICU2 shuts down MCU activity, but after Ca2+ stimulation, MICU2 inhibition is released and MICU1 enhances MCU opening.
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- 2014
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36. Pore formation by yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase involves subunits e, g and b
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Vanessa Checchetto, Geppo Sartori, Ildikò Szabò, Paolo Bernardi, Michela Carraro, Giovanna Lippe, Silvio C. E. Tosatto, Valeria Petronilli, Roza Kucharczyk, Valentina Giorgio, Giovanni Minervini, and Jean-Paul di Rago
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Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,Mitochondrial ATP Synthase ,Biophysics ,Cell Biology ,Yeast - Published
- 2018
37. Probing Kv1.3 Interactome with Proximity-Dependent Biotinylation
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Roberta Peruzzo, Elena Prosdocimi, Ildikò Szabò, Jesusa Capera Aragones, Vanessa Checchetto, Antonio Felipe, and Luigi Leanza
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Chemistry ,Biotinylation ,Biophysics ,Computational biology ,Interactome - Published
- 2019
38. A MICU1 Splice Variant Confers High Sensitivity to the Mitochondrial Ca
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Denis, Vecellio Reane, Francesca, Vallese, Vanessa, Checchetto, Laura, Acquasaliente, Gaia, Butera, Vincenzo, De Filippis, Ildikò, Szabò, Giuseppe, Zanotti, Rosario, Rizzuto, and Anna, Raffaello
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Male ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,Ion Transport ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,Calcium-Binding Proteins ,Gene Expression ,Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ,Mitochondria, Muscle ,Morpholinos ,Alternative Splicing ,Mice ,HEK293 Cells ,Organ Specificity ,Animals ,Humans ,Protein Isoforms ,Calcium ,Amino Acid Sequence ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Sequence Alignment ,HeLa Cells - Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic organ, characterized by an incredible ability to rapidly increase its rate of energy consumption to sustain activity. Muscle mitochondria provide most of the ATP required for contraction via oxidative phosphorylation. Here we found that skeletal muscle mitochondria express a unique MCU complex containing an alternative splice isoform of MICU1, MICU1.1, characterized by the addition of a micro-exon that is sufficient to greatly modify the properties of the MCU. Indeed, MICU1.1 binds Ca
- Published
- 2016
39. Novel Players in the Control of Mitochondrial Ion Homeostasis
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Vanessa Checchetto, Rosario Rizzuto, Diego De Stefani, Angela Paggio, and Ildikò Szabò
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Mitochondrial membrane transport protein ,Ion homeostasis ,mitochondrial fusion ,urogenital system ,Translocase of the inner membrane ,DNAJA3 ,biology.protein ,Biophysics ,Mitochondrial fission ,ATP–ADP translocase ,Biology ,Inner mitochondrial membrane ,Cell biology - Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles that control a plethora of cellular functions, including ATP production, synthesis of intermediate metabolites, cellular signaling and regulation of cell fate. Their proper functioning is necessary to the health of the whole organism, and indeed a huge number of human pathologies are associated to mitochondrial dysfunctions. The fine control of ion homeostasis across the inner mitochondrial membrane is crucial for their activity and it is guaranteed by a large number of channels, pumps and exchangers that act together to maintain the correct organelle volume, shape and function. Here we identify a novel protein complex composed by a pore-forming core and a regulatory subunit located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The overexpression of the channel-forming subunit alone in HeLa cells leads to uncoupling of mitochondria and organelle swelling. Conversely, its ablation causes mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by instability of mitochondrial membrane potential accompanied by a decrease of oxidative performance. Overall, our data suggest this is a novel player in the control of mitochondrial ion homeostasis.
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- 2016
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40. Physiology of intracellular potassium channels: A unifying role as mediators of counterion fluxes?
- Author
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Luigi Leanza, Enrico Teardo, Ildikò Szabò, Luca Carraretto, and Vanessa Checchetto
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Potassium Channels ,Nuclear Envelope ,Biophysics ,Gene Expression ,Biology ,Endoplasmic Reticulum ,Biochemistry ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,Membrane Potentials ,Cell membrane ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lysosome ,medicine ,Animals ,Photosynthesis ,Membrane potential ,Ion Transport ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,Cell Biology ,Plants ,Potassium channel ,Cell biology ,Mitochondria ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Membrane ,Ion homeostasis ,Eukaryotic Cells ,Vacuoles ,Calcium ,Protons ,Lysosomes ,Intracellular - Abstract
Plasma membrane potassium channels importantly contribute to maintain ion homeostasis across the cell membrane. The view is emerging that also those residing in intracellular membranes play pivotal roles for the coordination of correct cell function. In this review we critically discuss our current understanding of the nature and physiological tasks of potassium channels in organelle membranes in both animal and plant cells, with a special emphasis on their function in the regulation of photosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration. In addition, the emerging role of potassium channels in the nuclear membranes in regulating transcription will be discussed. The possible functions of endoplasmic reticulum-, lysosome- and plant vacuolar membrane-located channels are also referred to. Altogether, experimental evidence obtained with distinct channels in different membrane systems points to a possible unifying function of most intracellular potassium channels in counterbalancing the movement of other ions including protons and calcium and modulating membrane potential, thereby fine-tuning crucial cellular processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'EBEC 2016: 19th European Bioenergetics Conference, Riva del Garda, Italy, July 2-7, 2016', edited by Prof. Paolo Bernardi.
- Published
- 2016
41. Do dimers of ATP synthase form the PTP in pea stem mitochondria?
- Author
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Marco Zancani, Sonia Patui, Angelo Vianello, Valentina De Col, Giovanna Lippe, Valentino Casolo, Enrico Braidot, Valentina Giorgio, Ildikò Szabò, Alberto Bertolini, Vanessa Checchetto, Elisa Petrussa, Carlo Peresson, and Paolo Bernardi
- Subjects
ATP synthase ,Biophysics ,Permability Transition Pore ,Cell Biology ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Plant mitochondria ,ATP ,biology.protein ,Calcium ,Plant mitochondria, Permability Transition Pore, Calcium, ATP, ATP synthase - Published
- 2016
42. A MICU1 Splice Variant Confers High Sensitivity to the Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uptake Machinery of Skeletal Muscle
- Author
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Ildikò Szabò, Vanessa Checchetto, Laura Acquasaliente, Rosario Rizzuto, Vincenzo De Filippis, Anna Raffaello, Giuseppe Zanotti, Francesca Vallese, Denis Vecellio Reane, and Gaia Butera
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Ca2 uptake ,Contraction (grammar) ,Sarcoplasm ,Alternative splicing ,mitochondrial calcium uptake ,Skeletal muscle ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Cell Biology ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Cell biology ,mitochondria ,mitochondrial calcium homeostasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,alternative splicing ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biochemistry ,mitochondrial calcium uniporter ,skeletal muscle ,Molecular Biology ,medicine ,Mitochondrial calcium uptake - Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic organ, characterized by an incredible ability to rapidly increase its rate of energy consumption to sustain activity. Muscle mitochondria provide most of the ATP required for contraction via oxidative phosphorylation. Here we found that skeletal muscle mitochondria express a unique MCU complex containing an alternative splice isoform of MICU1, MICU1.1, characterized by the addition of a micro-exon that is sufficient to greatly modify the properties of the MCU. Indeed, MICU1.1 binds Ca2+ one order of magnitude more efficiently than MICU1 and, when heterodimerized with MICU2, activates MCU current at lower Ca2+ concentrations than MICU1-MICU2 heterodimers. In skeletal muscle in vivo, MICU1.1 is required for sustained mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and ATP production. These results highlight a novel mechanism of the molecular plasticity of the MCU Ca2+ uptake machinery that allows skeletal muscle mitochondria to be highly responsive to sarcoplasmic [Ca2+] responses.
- Published
- 2016
43. Unexpected Modifications of Cysteines in VDAC3: Indication that VDAC3 may Signal the Mitochondrial Intermembrane Redox State
- Author
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Salvatore Foti, Andrea Magrì, Vanessa Checchetto, Simona Reina, Matteo Ceccarelli, Ankit Gupta, Mariano Andrea Scorciapino, Ildikò Szabò, Angela Messina, Francesca Guarino, Vito De Pinto, Rosaria Saletti, Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi, Carlo Guardiani, and Deepti Chaturvedi
- Subjects
VDAC3 ,Okazaki fragments ,Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,Mitochondrial intermembrane space ,Organelle ,Biophysics ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Mitochondrion ,Redox ,Cysteine - Abstract
The accumulation in mitochondria of oxidative agents must be signaled to the cell. Neverthless the organelle is the source of redox species. The accumulation in mitochondria of oxidative agents must be signaled to the cell and an organelle heavily loaded with ROS evidenced. We addressed specific structural questions related to the function of VoltageDependentAnion-selectiveChannel isoform 3 (VDAC3) cysteines. We show that VDAC3 (1–3) may be relevant for signaling the redox potential existing in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. We found that VDAC3 can be progressively modified by an accumulation of ROS, resulting in the oxidation at different extents of the exposed cysteine residues. We discovered that each single VDAC3 molecule in the membrane can contain a differently oxidated set of cysteine residues, thus giving rise to what we call “redox isomers” (4). A disulfide bridge was evidenced by mass spectrometry (5). A recent paper indicated a putative disulfide bridge that we did not find by MassSpec (6), neither the authirs detected intermediate oxidation states. Since this complex oxidation pattern is a consequence of the ROS level in the IMS, VDAC3 monitores the redox homeostasis. In our opinion this work represents a pathbreaking finding in the field of mitochondrial redox sensing.Acknowledgements MIUR-PRIN 2010-2011 n. 2010CSJX4F[1] Messina A. et al, 2012, BiochimBiophysActa 1818, 1466-1476[2] Checchetto V. et al, 2014, Cell Physiol. Biochem. 34, 842-53[3] Messina A. et al, 2014, Mol. Biosyst. 10, 2134-45[4] Reina S. et al 2015, SUBMITTED[5] Saletti R. et al, 2015, SUBMITTED[6] Okazaki M. et al, 2015, BiochimBiophysActa, in press
- Published
- 2016
44. Electrophysiological Characterization of two Novel Ion Channels of Mitochondria
- Author
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Simona Reina, Angela Paggio, Ildikò Szabò, Diego De Stefani, Rosario Rizzuto, Vito De Pinto, and Vanessa Checchetto
- Subjects
Voltage-dependent anion channel ,Ion homeostasis ,biology ,Voltage-gated ion channel ,VDAC3 ,biology.protein ,Biophysics ,VDAC2 ,Inner mitochondrial membrane ,VDAC1 ,Ion channel ,Cell biology - Abstract
Mitochondrial ion channels are of great importance to ensure the proper function of this bioenergetic organelle and to regulate cell fate. However, in many cases our knowledge concerning their molecular identity and regulation is still limited. Here we describe a novel regulatory mechanism of the voltage-dependent anion channel VDAC3 and a new channel-forming protein. Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), also known as eukaryotic porins, are located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and allow the flux of ions and small metabolites. While the pore-forming ability of recombinant VDAC1 and VDAC2 has been extensively studied during the last decades, a clear-cut ion conducting channel activity has been assigned to the VDAC3 isoform only recently (Checchetto et al, Cell Phys Biochem, 2014). This protein forms an ion channel with small conductance under standard conditions, but our study identifies the amino acid residues whose oxidation state impacts on channel activity and conductance. Furthermore, we characterize from electrophysiological point of view a novel protein complex composed by pore-forming core and regulatory subunits located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Channel activity can be observed with the reconstituted recombinant core protein, but for its regulation the co-expression of both the core and the regulatory subunits are necessary. Overall, our data suggest that VDAC3 and the novel protein complex are new players in the control of mitochondrial ion homeostasis and might contribute to the plasticity of mitochondrial function in intact cells.
- Published
- 2016
45. Plasma Membrane Aquaporin AqpZ Protein Is Essential for Glucose Metabolism during Photomixotrophic Growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
- Author
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Masaro Akai, Vanessa Checchetto, Nobuyuki Uozumi, Masato Yasui, Megumi Morishita, Ken Matsuoka, Ildikò Szabò, Kiminori Toyooka, Masahiro Ishiura, Miyako Kusano, Hiroshi Miyake, Mayuko Sato, Akihiro Hazama, Kiyoshi Onai, Henning Redestig, and Kazuki Saito
- Subjects
Mutant ,Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ,Plant Biology ,Aquaporin ,Pentose phosphate pathway ,Aquaporins ,Biochemistry ,Pentose Phosphate Pathway ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytosol ,Bacterial Proteins ,Molecular Biology ,biology ,Glycogen ,Cell Membrane ,Osmolar Concentration ,Synechocystis ,Wild type ,Glucose transporter ,Cell Biology ,Metabolism ,biology.organism_classification ,Glucose ,chemistry ,Gene Deletion - Abstract
The genome of Synechocystis PCC 6803 contains a single gene encoding an aquaporin, aqpZ. The AqpZ protein functioned as a water-permeable channel in the plasma membrane. However, the physiological importance of AqpZ in Synechocystis remains unclear. We found that growth in glucose-containing medium inhibited proper division of ΔaqpZ cells and led to cell death. Deletion of a gene encoding a glucose transporter in the ΔaqpZ background alleviated the glucose-mediated growth inhibition of the ΔaqpZ cells. The ΔaqpZ cells swelled more than the wild type after the addition of glucose, suggesting an increase in cytosolic osmolarity. This was accompanied by a down-regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway and concurrent glycogen accumulation. Metabolite profiling by GC/TOF-MS of wild-type and ΔaqpZ cells revealed a relative decrease of intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and certain amino acids in the mutant. The changed levels of metabolites may have been the cause for the observed decrease in growth rate of the ΔaqpZ cells along with decreased PSII activity at pH values ranging from 7.5 to 8.5. A mutant in sll1961, encoding a putative transcription factor, and a Δhik31 mutant, lacking a putative glucose-sensing kinase, both exhibited higher glucose sensitivity than the ΔaqpZ cells. Examination of protein expression indicated that sll1961 functioned as a positive regulator of aqpZ gene expression but not as the only regulator. Overall, the ΔaqpZ cells showed defects in macronutrient metabolism, pH homeostasis, and cell division under photomixotrophic conditions, consistent with an essential role of AqpZ in glucose metabolism.
- Published
- 2011
46. Biophysical and pharmacological characterization of a channel-forming mitochondrial protein complex
- Author
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Ildikò Szabò, Rosario Rizzuto, Angela Paggio, Diego De Stefani, and Vanessa Checchetto
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Biophysics ,Mitochondrial protein complex ,Cell Biology ,Biochemistry ,Communication channel - Published
- 2018
47. Novel Channels of the Outer Membrane of Mitochondria: Recent Discoveries Change Our View
- Author
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Ildikò Szabò and Vanessa Checchetto
- Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) ,0301 basic medicine ,Porins ,outer membrane ,Mitochondrion ,Biochemistry ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cytosol ,0302 clinical medicine ,in vitro expression ,β-barrel proteins ,Animals ,Humans ,Ion channel ,planar lipid bilayer ,Chemistry ,Membrane Proteins ,ion channels ,Biological Transport ,Biological membrane ,Cell biology ,mitochondria ,030104 developmental biology ,Membrane ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mitochondrial Membranes ,Signal transduction ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) ,Bacterial outer membrane ,Flux (metabolism) ,Function (biology) ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Ion channels mediate ion flux across biological membranes and regulate important organellar and cellular tasks. A recent study revealed the presence of four new proteins, the MIM complex (composed by Mim1 and Mim2), Ayr1, OMC7, and OMC8, that are able to form ion-conducting channels in the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM). These findings strongly indicate that the OMM is endowed with many solute-specific channels, in addition to porins and known channels mediating protein import into mitochondria. These solute-specific channels provide essential pathways for the controlled transport of ions and metabolites and may thus add a further layer of specificity to the regulation of mitochondrial function at the organelle-cytosol and/or inter-organellar interface. Future studies will be required to fully understand the way(s) of regulation of these new channels and to integrate them into signaling pathways within the cells.
- Published
- 2018
48. Contents Vol. 26, 2010
- Author
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Ioana Alesutan, Manuela Baur, Umberto De Marchi, Bing Wang, Jialin Zhang, José Antonio Porras, Maria Svelto, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Annekatrin Leder, Daniel Del Castillo, Yunlong Bai, Carmen Aguilar, Esther Grinfeld, Vanessa Checchetto, Fuxiao Guo, Yoshinori Marunaka, Dominique Eladari, Baofeng Yang, Dong-xin Liu, Xuezhong Chen, Bayram Edemir, Carlo Terruzzi, Shihong Lu, Xichuang Chen, Annette Schneider, Andrew J. McAinch, Ragaa H. M. Salama, Claudia Ulbrich, Saleh Alwasel, Zhimin Du, Liang Wang, Mohamed A. Mohamed, Burkhard Flick, Jianhua Feng, Dieter C. Gruenert, Jinhong Zheng, Ganggang Shi, Wenfeng Cai, Jim Swildens, Mercé Hernández, Mei Zhao, Giusy Sala, Jianming Ye, Hermann Pavenstaedt, Baoxin Li, Ming-Yue Dong, Michael Hollmann, Hossam Ebaid, Yong Zhang, Teresa Auguet, Jürgen A. Hampl, Xue-dong Li, Marcus Olbrich, Ute Schäfer, Domenica Lasorsa, Yong Guo, Hongli Shan, Jinlong Zhao, Dorothea Alexander, Shaoguang Yang, Marija Mihailova, Heba M. Saad Eldien, Svenja Pachernegg, Fenfei Gao, Donato Pastore, Zhongchao Han, Iihua Sun, Jacob Bak Holm, Siegmar Reinert, Yunuen Quintero, Lixia Yu, Akiyuki Taruno, Robert Rauh, Jian-sheng Wang, Elke Muth-Köhne, Qiong Luo, Mostafa R. Mohamed, Stefan Stürup, Kun Tian, Caterina Morabito, Guo-Lian Ding, Giorgio Fanò, Markus Pfister, Guo-qing Hou, Zhongyan Li, Xizheng Zhang, Sunil M. Kurian, Kayte A. Jenkin, Qian Ren, Martin J. Schalij, Mario Soccio, Ute Neugebauer, Manuela Zanetti, Mario Zoratti, Dachuan Lei, Soban Umar, Fabian Schäfer, He-Feng Huang, Jessica Pietsch, Yanqiong Zhou, Lu Liu, Khadega Hassan, Ildikò Szabò, Simone Guarnieri, Laura K. Schenk, Xi-Jing Chen, Dong-yang Huang, Chun Guo, Qiuxia Lin, Enrico Teardo, Bin Chen, Yicun Chen, Michael Karus, Franco Lucchina, Viatcheslav Nesterov, Fengxia Ma, Nikolaus Blin, Andreas Faissner, Yanmei Zhang, Shanta J. Persaud, Andreas Bress, Marta Nowik, Bert Bosche, Mentor Sopjani, Beate Illek, Li Zhang, Shi-xin Du, Peter Riess, Annalisa Mira, Kristine Bentz, Hanne Sørup Tastesen, Qing-Jiang Chen, Michael Föller, Zhenwei Pan, Zhibo Han, Yanjie Lu, Ximena Terra, Paola Bianciardi, Peter M. Jones, Caihong Shi, Lei Zhang, Marc Maegele, M. A. Jayasri, Fàtima Sabench, Silke Patz, Hans-Jörg Bühring, Giorgio M. Giacometti, Marianna Mokrushina, Maria A. Mariggiò, Xiaohong Dong, Lisa Mastrofrancesco, Christoph Korbmacher, Gamal Badr, Deanne H. Hryciw, Antoine A.F. de Vries, Shefalee K. Bhavsar, Markus M. Rinschen, Guo Cai Huang, Jürgen Hescheler, Xuelian Li, T. Lazar Mathew, Florian Lang, Jens Klokkers, Giovanna Valenti, Björn Friedrich, Jürgen Hoffmann, Hua Liao, Nicole B. Kampik, Ruixin Li, Eberhard Schlatter, Zhao-yong Liu, Yan Zhang, Nguyen Thi Xuan, Le-Xin Wang, Markus Wehland, Jacob Møller, Daniel R. Salomon, Hanan Waly, Altaf Al-Romaiyan, Charlotte Møller, Anna Maria Luna, Kristian Arild Poulsen, Bo Chang, Else K. Hoffmann, Marek Molcanyi, Jinzhi Wang, Daniela Grimm, Michele Samaja, Ibrahim M. Alhazza, Stephanie A. Amiel, Alexei Diakov, Elide Formentin, Cristóbal Richart, Mohamed S. Bakr, Wenfeng Chu, Marianna Ranieri, Horst Fischer, Anna Caretti, Arnoud van der Laarse, Ian Henry Lambert, Hanem S. Abdel-Tawab, Douwe E. Atsma, Yuan Hong, Diwakar Bobbala, and Carsten A. Wagner
- Subjects
Physiology ,Botany ,Biology - Published
- 2010
49. ATP-Sensitive Cation-channel in Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.): Identification and Characterization of a Plant Mitochondrial Channel by Patch-clamp
- Author
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Mario Soccio, Ildikò Szabò, Mario Zoratti, Vanessa Checchetto, Donato Pastore, Umberto De Marchi, Manuela Zanetti, Elide Formentin, Giorgio M. Giacometti, and Enrico Teardo
- Subjects
Physiology ,Potassium ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Conductance ,Biology ,Mitochondrion ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,Botany ,Biophysics ,medicine ,Patch clamp ,Selectivity ,Inner mitochondrial membrane ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Indirect evidence points to the presence of K(+) channels in plant mitochondria. In the present study, we report the results of the first patch clamp experiments on plant mitochondria. Single-channel recordings in 150 mM potassium gluconate have allowed the biophysical characterization of a channel with a conductance of 150 pS in the inner mitochondrial membrane of mitoplasts obtained from wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). The channel displayed sharp voltage sensitivity, permeability to potassium and cation selectivity. ATP in the mM concentration range completely abolished the activity. We discuss the possible molecular identity of the channel and its possible role in the defence mechanisms against oxidative stress in plants.
- Published
- 2010
50. Involvement of Potassium Transport Systems in the Response of Synechocystis PCC 6803 Cyanobacteria to External pH Change, High-Intensity Light Stress and Heavy Metal Stress
- Author
-
Ildikò Szabò, Vanessa Checchetto, Elisabetta Bergantino, Anna Segalla, Nobuyuki Uozumi, and Yuki Sato
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Cyanobacteria ,Physiology ,Physiological ,Potassium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,pH changes ,Resistance to heavy metals ,Bicarbonate transporter protein ,Plant Science ,Stress ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,Light stress ,Potassium transport systems ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Bacterial Proteins ,Calcium ,Cation Transport Proteins ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Metals, Heavy ,Mutation ,Osmotic Pressure ,Stress, Physiological ,Synechocystis ,Medicine (all) ,Cell Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Adaptation ,biology ,Heavy ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Ion homeostasis ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Metals ,Thylakoid ,Biophysics ,Intracellular ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The unicellular photosynthetic cyanobacterium, able to survive in varying environments, is the only prokaryote that directly converts solar energy and CO2 into organic material and is thus relevant for primary production in many ecosystems. To maintain the intracellular and intrathylakoid ion homeostasis upon different environmental challenges, the concentration of potassium as a major intracellular cation has to be optimized by various K(+)uptake-mediated transport systems. We reveal here the specific and concerted physiological function of three K(+)transporters of the plasma and thylakoid membranes, namely of SynK (K(+)channel), KtrB (Ktr/Trk/HKT) and KdpA (Kdp) in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, under specific stress conditions. The behavior of the wild type, single, double and triple mutants was compared, revealing that only Synk contributes to heavy metal-induced stress, while only Ktr/Kdp is involved in osmotic and salt stress adaptation. With regards to pH shifts in the external medium, the Kdp/Ktr uptake systems play an important role in the adaptation to acidic pH. Ktr, by affecting the CO2 concentration mechanism via its action on the bicarbonate transporter SbtA, might also be responsible for the observed effects concerning high-light stress and calcification. In the case of illumination with high-intensity light, a synergistic action of Kdr/Ktp and SynK is required in order to avoid oxidative stress and ensure cell viability. In summary, this study dissects, using growth tests, measurement of photosynthetic activity and analysis of ultrastructure, the physiological role of three K(+)transporters in adaptation of the cyanobacteria to various environmental changes.
- Published
- 2015
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