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This paper reports the occurrence of parasitoids in pupae of flies (Diptera) collected from several different substrata in Itumbiara, Goias, Brazil. The pupae were isolated by flotation. They were individually placed into gelatin capsules and kept until the emergency of adult flies or their parasitoids. From March 2001 through April 2002, a total of 684 parasitoids and 830 pupae of flies were collected from humans feces, chicken viscera, fish, and bovine kidney. Brachymeria podagrica were identified in a high number of samples. The prevalence of parasitism was of 82.4%.

This study determined the species of hosts of the parasitoid Hemencyrtus herbertii Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in human feces, cattle liver and chicken viscera, collected in Itumbiara, Goias. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of adult flies or their parasitoids. The overall prevalence of parasitism was 23.7%.

Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as especies de parasitoides associados com moscas coletadas em visceras de galinha, em Itumbiara, Goias. Armadilhas contendo visceras de galinha como isca foram utilizadas para atrair a moscas. As pupas, obtidas pelo metodo de flutuacao, foram colocadas individualmente em capsulas de gelatina (no 00) e mantidas em laboratorio ate a emergencia das moscas e/ou dos parasitoides. A prevalencia total de parasitismo foi de 20,0%. Brachymeria podagrica, Hemencyrtus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Paraganaspis egeria (Diaz, Gallardo & Wash) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), apresentaram prevalencia de parasitismo de 8,9%, 10,8%, 0,9% e 0,3%, respectivamente.

This work aimed to study the prevalence of parasitism of the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica in Itumbiara, Goias, using five different substrata: cattle kidneys, human feces, viscera of chicken, fish and cattle liver. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergency of the adult flies or their parasitoids. The prevalence of parasitism was of 13.8%.

Species of parasitoids associated with synanthropic flies were collected in bovine kidney, inItumbiara, State of Goias, from March 2001 to March 2002. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individualiy placed in gelatin capsules until the adult flies ortheir parasitoids emerge. The overall prevalence of parasitism was 23.9%. The parasitoids Brachymeria podagrica, Nasonia vitripennis, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae, Paraganaspis egeria and Spalangia endius presented a parasitism prevalence of 7.0%, 12.4%, 3.5%, 0.5% and 0.6%, respectively.

Bovine anaplasmosis is caused by Anaplasma marginale and A. centrale. The most pathogenic and important species for cattle production is A. marginale, and is widely distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world. A. marginale is an intra-erythrocyte rickettsia of susceptible ruminants, biological and mechanically transmitted by ticks and hematophagous insects. The tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is the main vector of A. marginale in Brazil. The congenital form of transmission in cattle may occur, causing the neonatal anaplasmosis. The outer membrane of A. marginale includes six well characterized major surface proteins, MSP1a, MSP1b, MSP2, MSP3, MSP4 and MSP5, which play important role in the development of the immune response of infected animals. In this study, we have used the Phage Display technology to identify specific peptides that were immunoreactive to monoclonal antibodies anti-A. marginale proteins. Peptide selection was performed using a subtractive selection of a peptide library with 12 random amino acids, Ph.D.-12, expressed on the surface of the M13 filamentous phage concurrently against the anti-MSP1a and anti-MSP2. After four rounds of selection and validation by ELISA, the selected peptides have recognized only the anti-MSP1. Analysis of bioinformatics identified 45 peptides, which showed the protein consensus sequence STxS that was represented in 78% of selected phages. Due to the multiple motif repeats found in MSP1 protein, the STSSxL motif may become an important biological target, with potential use in diagnostic tests and vaccine for the control of Anaplasma marginale. Anaplasmose bovina é uma infecção causada por Anaplasma marginale e A. centrale. A espécie mais patogênica e de maior importância para bovinos é a A. marginale e está amplamente distribuída nas regiões tropicais, subtropicais e temperada do mundo. A. marginale é uma rickettsia intraeritrocitária de ruminantes susceptíveis, transmitido biológica e mecanicamente por carrapatos e insetos hematófagos. O carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus é o principal transmissor de A. marginale no Brasil. A forma congênita de transmissão em bovinos pode ocorrer, ocasionando a anaplasmose neonatal. A membrana externa do A. marginale inclui seis proteínas principais de superfície (MSPs) bem caracterizadas, designadas de MSP1a, MSP1b, MSP2, MSP3, MSP4 e MSP5 e desempenham papel importante no desenvolvimento da resposta imune de animais infectados. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, foi utilizada a técnica de Phage Display para identificar peptídeos ligantes a anticorpos monoclonais reativos a proteínas de Anaplasma marginale a partir de bibliotecas de peptídeos recombinantes por meio da tecnologia Phage Display. Para seleção dos peptídeos foi realizado uma seleção subtrativa utilizando uma biblioteca de peptídeos com 12 aminoácidos randômicos, Ph.D.-12, expressa na superfície do fago filamentoso M13 concomitantemente contra os anticorpos anti-MSP1a e anti-MSP2. Após quatro ciclos de seleção e validação por ELISA, o conjunto de peptídeos selecionados apresentou ser unicamente reconhecido pelo anticorpo anti- MSP1. Análises de bioinformática identificaram 45 peptídeos, que apresentaram o motivo proteico consenso STxS, representado em 78% dos fagos seqüenciados. Devido aos múltiplos sítios repetidos encontrados na proteína MSP1, o motivo proteíco STSSxL pode ser um importante alvo biológico, com potencial utilização em ensaios diagnósticos e vacinais para o controle de Anaplasma marginale. Mestre em Genética e Bioquímica

The objective of the study was to report the first occurrence of the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica in pupae of Ophyra aenescens, a fly of medical-sanitary importance. Human feces was used as bait to collect the insects. In the study 20 pupae of Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Muscidae) were obtained, of which 20% of the total yielded the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae). O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar a primeira ocorrência do parasitóide Brachymeria podagrica como inimigo natural de Ophyra aenescens, mosca de importância médico-sanitária. Para coleta dos insetos foi utilizado como isca fezes humanas. Obtiveram-se 20 pupas de Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Muscidae), das quais 4 emergiram parasitóides pertencentes à espécie Brachymeria podagrica (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), apresentando uma incidência de parasitismo de 20,0%.