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2. High-energy-density-science capabilities at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research

Author

Schoenberg, K, Bagnoud, V, Blazevic, A, Fortov, VE, Gericke, DO, Golubev, A, Hoffmann, DHH, Kraus, D, Lomonosov, IV, Mintsev, V, Neff, S, Neumayer, P, Piriz, AR, Redmer, R, Rosmej, O, Roth, M, Schenkel, T, Sharkov, B, Tahir, NA, Varentsov, D, and Zhao, Y

Subjects
Affordable and Clean Energy, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Classical Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract

The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will employ the World's highest intensity relativistic beams of heavy nuclei to uniquely create and investigate macroscopic (millimeter-sized) quantities of highly energetic and dense states of matter. Four principal themes of research have been identified: properties of materials driven to extreme conditions of pressure and temperature, shocked matter and material equation of state, basic properties of strongly coupled plasma and warm dense matter, and nuclear photonics with a focus on the excitation of nuclear processes in plasmas, laser-driven particle acceleration, and neutron production. The research program, principally driven by an international collaboration of scientists, called the HED@FAIR collaboration, will evolve over the next decade as the FAIR project completes and experimental capabilities develop. The first programmatic research element, called "FAIR Phase 0, officially began in 2018 to test components, detectors, and experimental techniques. Phase-0 research employs the existing and enhanced infrastructure of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) heavy-ion synchrotron coupled with the PHELIX high-energy, high-intensity laser. The "FAIR Day one" experimental program, presently scheduled to begin in 2025, commences the use of FAIR's heavy-ion synchrotron, coupled to new experimental and diagnostic infrastructure, to realize the envisaged high-energy-density-science research program.

Published
2020

3. Possible studies of explosively driven non-ideal plasma using a proton microscope at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research

Author

Shilkin, N. S., Yuriev, D. S., Mintsev, V. B., Bogdanov, A. V., Kolesnikov, D. S., Skoblyakov, A. V., Kantsyrev, A. V., Golubev, A. A., Hoffmann, D. H. H., Varentsov, D. V., Shilkin, N. S., Yuriev, D. S., Mintsev, V. B., Bogdanov, A. V., Kolesnikov, D. S., Skoblyakov, A. V., Kantsyrev, A. V., Golubev, A. A., Hoffmann, D. H. H., and Varentsov, D. V.

Abstract

The article describes possible experiments with explosively driven non-ideal plasma at the proton microscope at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research. It is proposed to employ linear explosive tubes for plasma generation and to measure an areal density in shock-compressed plasma of argon and xenon. The proposed experiments will provide valuable information on influence of strong interparticle interactions on thermodynamic properties of strongly coupled plasma. The density measurement will help the researchers to understand the nature of wall and wire precursors arising in the shock tubes.

Published
2024

4. Commissioning of the PRIOR proton microscope

Author

Varentsov, D., Antonov, O., Bakhmutova, A., Barnes, C. W., Bogdanov, A., Danly, C. R., Efimov, S., Endres, M., Fertman, A., Golubev, A. A., Hoffmann, D. H. H., Ionita, B., Kantsyrev, A., Krasik, Ya. E., Lang, P. M., Lomonosov, I., Mariam, F. G., Markov, N., Merrill, F. E., Mintsev, V. B., Nikolaev, D., Panyushkin, V., Rodionova, M., Schanz, M., Schoenberg, K., Semennikov, A., Shestov, L., Skachkov, V. S., Turtikov, V., Udrea, S., Vasylyev, O., Weyrich, K., Wilde, C., and Zubareva, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Recently a new high energy proton microscopy facility PRIOR (Proton Microscope for FAIR) has been designed, constructed and successfully commissioned at GSI Helmholtzzentrum f\"ur Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany). As a result of the experiments with 3.5-4.5 GeV proton beams delivered by the heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 of GSI, 30 um spatial and 10 ns temporal resolutions of the proton microscope have been demostrated. A new pulsed power setup for studying properties of matter under extremes has been developed for the dynamic commissioning of the PRIOR facility. This paper describes the PRIOR setup as well as the results of the first static and dynamic proton radiography experiments performed at GSI., Comment: 9 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments

Published
2015
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5. Temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics.

Author

Lütgert, J., Hesselbach, P., Schörner, M., Bagnoud, V., Belikov, R., Drechsel, P., Heuser, B., Humphries, O. S., Katrik, P., Lindqvist, B., Qu, C., Redmer, R., Riley, D., Schaumann, G., Schumacher, S., Tauschwitz, A., Varentsov, D., Weyrich, K., Yu, X., and Zielbauer, B.

Subjects
ION beams, TEMPERATURE measurements, X-ray scattering, MOLECULAR dynamics, ELASTIC scattering, DENSITY functional theory, INELASTIC scattering, FREE electron lasers
Abstract

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heated with an intense pulse of heavy ions. In this way, we determine the samples' heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structural integrity over a timespan of several microseconds. Connecting the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functional theory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K, in agreement with predictions from stopping power calculations. The simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material, but do indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond sample. Our experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Heavy Ion-Beam Driven Isentropic Compression Experiments

Author

Grinenko, A., Gericke, D. O., and Varentsov, D.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

A new design for heavy-ion beam driven isentropic compression experiments is suggested and analysed. The proposed setup utilises long stopping ranges and the variable focal spot geometry of the high-energy uranium beams delivered at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum f\"ur Schwerionenforschung and Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research accelerator facilities in Darmstadt, Germany, to produce a planar ramp loading of various samples. In such experiments, the predicted high pressure amplitudes (\unit[$<10$]{Mbar}) and the predicted short timescales of compression (\unit[$<10$]{ns}) will allow testing the time dependent material deformation phenomena at unprecedented extreme conditions., Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters on 2009-FEB-05

Published
2009

8. APPA at FAIR: From fundamental to applied research

Author

Stöhlker, Th., Bagnoud, V., Blaum, K., Blazevic, A., Bräuning-Demian, A., Durante, M., Herfurth, F., Lestinsky, M., Litvinov, Y., Neff, S., Pleskac, R., Schuch, R., Schippers, S., Severin, D., Tauschwitz, A., Trautmann, C., Varentsov, D., and Widmann, E.

Published
2015
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11. TWAC-ITEP proton microscopy facility

Author

Kantsyrev, A. V., Golubev, A. A., Bogdanov, A. V., Demidov, V. S., Demidova, E. V., Ladygina, E. M., Markov, N. V., Skachkov, V. S., Smirnov, G. N., Rudskoy, I. V., Kuznetsov, A. P., Khudomyasov, A. V., Sharkov, B. Yu., Dudin, S. V., Kolesnikov, S. A., Mintsev, V. B., Nikolaev, D. N., Ternovoi, V. Ya., Utkin, A. V., Yuriev, D. S., Shilkin, N. S., Fortov, V. E., Turtikov, V. I., Burtsev, V. V., Zhernokletov, M. V., Zavialov, N. V., Kartanov, S. A., Mikhailov, A. L., Rudnev, A. V., Tatsenko, M. V., Varentsov, D. V., and Shestov, L. M.

Published
2014
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14. The High-Energy-Density Physics at FAIR Collaboration: Unique Capabilities for HEDM Science

Author

Schoenberg, K., Bagnoud, V., Blazevic, A., Fortov, V. E., Gericke, D. O., Golubev, A., Hoffmann, D. H. H., Kraus, D., Lomonosov, I. V., Mintsev, V., Neff, S., Neumayer, P., Piriz, A. R., Redmer, R., Rosmej, O., Roth, M., Schenkel, T., Tahir, N. A., Varentsov, D., and Zhao, Y.

Abstract

The High-Energy-Density Science collaboration at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (HED@FAIR) will utilize the World’s highest intensity relativistic beams of heavy nuclei to uniquely create and investigate highly energetic and dense-plasma states of cubic millimeter sized matter for durations of approximately 100 ns. Four principal themes of research have been identified by the HED@FAIR collaboration: Properties of materials driven to extreme conditions of pressure and temperatures, Shocked matter and material equation of state (EOS), Basic properties of strongly-coupled plasma and warm dense matter, and Nuclear photonics with a focus on the excitation of nuclear processes in plasmas, laser-driven particle acceleration, and neutron production. Collaboration research will develop over the next decade as the FAIR project is completed and the heavy ion beam and experimental capabilities evolve. The so-called "FAIR Phase 0" experiments officially began in 2018 to test the components and detectors prepared for FAIR. The HEDM Phase-0 research effort will utilize the existing and enhanced GSI infrastructure of the SIS-18 synchrotron coupled with the PHELIX laser. The FAIR experimental program, presently scheduled to begin in 2025, will commence the use of the SIS-100 synchrotron coupled with new experimental and diagnostic infrastructure to realize the envisaged unique HEDM research program.

Published
2020

16. High-energy-density physics experiments with intense heavy ion beams

Author

Varentsov, D., Ternovoi, V. Ya., Kulish, M., Fernengel, D., Fertman, A., Hug, A., Menzel, J., Ni, P., Nikolaev, D.N., Shilkin, N., Turtikov, V., Udrea, S., Fortov, V.E., Golubev, A.A., Gryaznov, V.K., Hoffmann, D.H.H., Kim, V., Lomonosov, I.V., Mintsev, V., Sharkov, B.Yu., Shutov, A., Spiller, P., Tahir, N.A., and Wahl, H.

Published
2007
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19. Fundamental studies of intense heavy-ion beam interaction with solid targets

Author

Dewald, Eduard, Constantin, Carmen, Niemann, Christoph, Udrea, S., Jacoby, J., Wieser, J., Varentsov, D., Tahir, N.A., Kozyreva, A., Shutov, A., Schlegel, T., Tauschwitz, Andreas, Hoffmann, Dieter H.H., and Bock, R.

Subjects
Plasma (Ionized gases), Ions, Shock waves, Business, Chemistry, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Intense ([10.sup.11] particles/1[micro]s ~300 MeV/u) heavy ion beams are generated in the heavy-ion synchrotron (SIS) of the GSI-Darmstadt facility. Large volumes of strongly coupled plasmas are produced by heavy ion beam interaction with solid targets, with plasma densities close to the solid state, pressures of about 100 kbar, and temperatures of up to 1 eV, with relevance for equation of state (EOS) of matter, astrophysics, and low-entropy shock compression of solids. The plasmas created by ion beam interaction with metallic converters and cryogenic crystals were studied by backlighting shadowgraphy and by time-resolved spectroscopy in the visible and vacuum ultraviolet ranges. Low entropy weak shockwaves waves induced by the ion beams in the metal-plexiglass multilayered targets were visualized by time resolved schlieren measurements, revealing induced multiple shockwaves with pressures higher than 15 kbar in a plexiglass window and propagation velocities up to 35% higher than the speed of sound in plexiglass at room temperature. To get an insight into the plasma dynamics, both types of experiments are simulated by the BIG-2 two-dimensional hydrodynamic code. Index Terms--Heavy ions, shock compression, strongly coupled plasma.

Published
2003

28. CUPID: new system for scintillating screens based diagnostics

Author

Walasek-Höhne, B., Acker, D., Graf, Horst, Hagenbuck, F., Hartung, Manfred, Haseitl, R., Hoffmann, T., Höhne, K., Kleffner, C., Lonsing, R., Milosic, Timo, Pschorn, Ina, Andre, C., Petit, A., Reiter, A., Rödl, H., Scheeler, U., Schmidt, Christian Joachim, Schwickert, M., Steiner, Kersten, Wetzel, C., Wiessmann, J., Wohlers, J., Bevcic, M., Varentsov, D., Vincelli, Rosemarie, Bräuning, Harald, Bräuning-Demian, A., Brühne, T., Dierssen, E., Dorn, C., and Fischer, R.

Subjects
Physics
Abstract

GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1

Published
2015
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29. Commissioning of the PRIOR prototype

Author

Varentsov, D., Antonov, O., Bakhmutova, A., Bogdanov, A., Danly, C., Efimov, S., Endres, M., Golubev, A., Hoffmann, D. H. H., Kantsyrev, A., Krasik, Y., Lang, P., Mariam, F., Markov, N., Merrill, F., Mintsev, V., Panyushkin, V., Rodionova, M., Schanz, M., Shestov, L., Skachkov, V., Udrea, S., Weyrich, K., Wilde, C., and Zubareva, A.

Subjects
Physics
Abstract

GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1

Published
2015
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32. High-energy proton imaging for biomedical applications

Author

Prall, M., primary, Durante, M., additional, Berger, T., additional, Przybyla, B., additional, Graeff, C., additional, Lang, P. M., additional, LaTessa, C., additional, Shestov, L., additional, Simoniello, P., additional, Danly, C., additional, Mariam, F., additional, Merrill, F., additional, Nedrow, P., additional, Wilde, C., additional, and Varentsov, D., additional

Published
2016
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33. Non‐Ideal Plasma and Early Experiments at FAIR: HIHEX ‐ Heavy Ion Heating and EXpansion

Author

Mintsev, V., primary, Kim, V., additional, Lomonosov, I., additional, Nikolaev, D., additional, Ostrik, A., additional, Shilkin, N., additional, Shutov, A., additional, Ternovoi, V., additional, Yuriev, D., additional, Fortov, V., additional, Golubev, A., additional, Kantsyrev, A., additional, Varentsov, D., additional, and Hoffmann, D.H.H., additional

Published
2016
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34. Commissioning of the PRIOR proton microscope

Author

Varentsov, D., primary, Antonov, O., additional, Bakhmutova, A., additional, Barnes, C. W., additional, Bogdanov, A., additional, Danly, C. R., additional, Efimov, S., additional, Endres, M., additional, Fertman, A., additional, Golubev, A. A., additional, Hoffmann, D. H. H., additional, Ionita, B., additional, Kantsyrev, A., additional, Krasik, Ya. E., additional, Lang, P. M., additional, Lomonosov, I., additional, Mariam, F. G., additional, Markov, N., additional, Merrill, F. E., additional, Mintsev, V. B., additional, Nikolaev, D., additional, Panyushkin, V., additional, Rodionova, M., additional, Schanz, M., additional, Schoenberg, K., additional, Semennikov, A., additional, Shestov, L., additional, Skachkov, V. S., additional, Turtikov, V., additional, Udrea, S., additional, Vasylyev, O., additional, Weyrich, K., additional, Wilde, C., additional, and Zubareva, A., additional

Published
2016
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35. APPA at FAIR : From fundamental to applied research

Author

Stoehlker, Th., Bagnoud, V., Blaum, K., Blazevic, A., Braeuning-Demian, A., Durante, M., Herfurth, F., Lestinsky, M., Litvinov, Y., Neff, S., Pleskac, R., Schuch, Reinhold, Schippers, S., Severin, D., Tauschwitz, A., Trautmann, C., Varentsov, D., Widmann, E., Stoehlker, Th., Bagnoud, V., Blaum, K., Blazevic, A., Braeuning-Demian, A., Durante, M., Herfurth, F., Lestinsky, M., Litvinov, Y., Neff, S., Pleskac, R., Schuch, Reinhold, Schippers, S., Severin, D., Tauschwitz, A., Trautmann, C., Varentsov, D., and Widmann, E.

Abstract

FAIR with its intense beams of ions and antiprotons provides outstanding and worldwide unique experimental conditions for extreme matter research in atomic and plasma physics and for application oriented research in biophysics, medical physics and materials science. The associated research programs comprise interaction of matter with highest electromagnetic fields, properties of plasmas and of solid matter under extreme pressure, density, and temperature conditions, simulation of galactic cosmic radiation, research in nanoscience and charged particle radiotherapy. A broad variety of APPA-dedicated facilities including experimental stations, storage rings, and traps, equipped with most sophisticated instrumentation will allow the APPA community to tackle new challenges. The worldwide most intense source of slow antiprotons will expand the scope of APPA related research to the exciting field of antimatter.

Published
2015
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38. Isentropic Compression of Iron with PHELIX

Author

Ionita, B. F., Hoffmann, D. H. H., Amadou, N., Brambrink, E., Ortner, A., Udrea, S., Wagner, F., Bagnoud, V., Blazevic, A., Frank, A., Varentsov, D., and Weyrich, K.

Published
2013

39. High‐explosive generators of dense low‐temperature plasma for proton radiography.

Author

Mintsev, V. B., Shilkin, N. S., Ternovoi, V.Ya., Nikolaev, D. N., Yuriev, D. S., Golubev, A. A., Kantsyrev, A. V., Skobliakov, A. V., Bogdanov, A. V., Varentsov, D. V., and Hoffmann, D. H. H.

Subjects
LOW temperature plasmas, RADIOGRAPHY, PROTON microscopes, EQUATIONS of state, PHASE transitions, HYDROGEN
Abstract

The article reviews the design and physical applications of high‐explosive generators for dense low‐temperature plasma. The PUMA proton microscope with magnetic optics at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics by A.I. Alikhanov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute» (Moscow, Russia) was used to diagnose the plasma. The generators were developed for measurements of the equation of state of non‐ideal plasma, investigation of phase transitions in hydrogen or molecular gases, and studies of the properties of the interior of Giant planets. A proposal was made to repeat the experiments with explosive generators using the proton microscope PRIOR (Proton Microscope for Facility for Anti‐proton and Ion Research) at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany) and at the designed proton microscope at the Institute for Nuclear Research (Troitsk, Russia). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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40. Towards Proton Therapy and Radiography at FAIR

Author

Prall, M, primary, Lang, P M, additional, LaTessa, C, additional, Mariam, F, additional, Merrill, F, additional, Shestov, L, additional, Simoniello, P, additional, Varentsov, D, additional, and Durante, M, additional

Published
2015
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42. High Energy Density Physics with Heavy Ion Beams and related Interaction Phenomena

Author

Hoffmann, D.H.H., primary, Tahir, N.A., additional, Udrea, S., additional, Rosmej, O., additional, Meister, C.V., additional, Varentsov, D., additional, Roth, M., additional, Schaumann, G., additional, Frank, A., additional, Blazevic, A., additional, Ling, J., additional, Hug, A., additional, Menzel, J., additional, Hessling, Th., additional, Harres, K., additional, Günther, M., additional, El-Moussati, S., additional, Schumacher, D., additional, and Imran, M., additional

Published
2010
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44. A study on fabrication, manipulation and survival of cryogenic targets required for the experiments at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research: FAIR

Author

Koresheva, E.R., primary, Aleksandrova, I.V., additional, Koshelev, E.L., additional, Nikitenko, A.I., additional, Timasheva, T.P., additional, Tolokonnikov, S.M., additional, Belolipetskiy, A.A., additional, Kapralov, V.G., additional, Sergeev, V. Yu., additional, Blazevic, A., additional, Weyrich, K., additional, Varentsov, D., additional, Tahir, N.A., additional, Udrea, S., additional, and Hoffmann, D.H.H., additional

Published
2009
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47. Transverse Optical Diagnostics for Intense Focused Heavy Ion Beams

Author

Varentsov, D., primary, Fertman, A. D., additional, Turtikov, V. I., additional, Ulrich, A., additional, Wieser, J., additional, Fortov, V. E., additional, Golubev, A. A., additional, Hoffmann, D. H. H., additional, Hug, A., additional, Kulish, M., additional, Mintsev, V., additional, Ni, P. A., additional, Nikolaev, D., additional, Sharkov, B. Yu., additional, Shilkin, N., additional, Ternovoi, V. Ya., additional, and Udrea, S., additional

Published
2008
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49. Overview of warm-dense-matter experiments with intense heavy ion beams at gsi-darmstadt

Author

Ni, P.A., primary, Bieniosek, F.M., additional, Leitner, M., additional, Logan, B.G., additional, More, R.M., additional, Roy, P.K., additional, Hoffmann, D.H.H., additional, Fernengel, D., additional, Hug, A., additional, Menzel, J., additional, Udrea, S., additional, Tahir, N.A., additional, Varentsov, D., additional, Wahl, H., additional, Kulish, M., additional, Nikolaev, D.N., additional, Ternovoi, V.Ya., additional, Fertman, A., additional, Golubev, A.A., additional, Sharkov, B.Yu., additional, Turtikov, V., additional, and Barnard, J.J., additional

Published
2007
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50. Excimer Laser Pumped by an Intense, High-Energy Heavy-Ion Beam

Author

Ulrich, A., primary, Adonin, A., additional, Jacoby, J., additional, Turtikov, V., additional, Fernengel, D., additional, Fertman, A., additional, Golubev, A., additional, Hoffmann, D. H. H., additional, Hug, A., additional, Krücken, R., additional, Kulish, M., additional, Menzel, J., additional, Morozov, A., additional, Ni, P., additional, Nikolaev, D. N., additional, Shilkin, N. S., additional, Ternovoi, V. Ya., additional, Udrea, S., additional, Varentsov, D., additional, and Wieser, J., additional

Published
2006
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