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Este trabajo presenta el Proyecto de Investigación C.I.U.N.Sa. Nº 1865/3 denominado Entornos virtuales para la Articulación entre el Nivel Medio y carreras universitarias de Ciencias Exactas, del Consejo de Investigación de la Universidad Nacional de Salta, cuyo período de ejecución comprende los años 2010 a 2013. Se relatan las fases desarrolladas, correspondientes a Diagnóstico institucional, Diseño del Entorno Virtual, Acción Formativa del Profesorado, Acción formativa del alumno en situación de ingreso y Evaluación; siguiendo el objetivo de analizar las estrategias didácticas en el contexto de los entornos virtuales, los roles docentes en estos nuevos escenarios y la incidencia de estas acciones de Articulación, en el ingreso y la permanencia en la universidad, de los alumnos que ingresan a carreras de Ciencias Exactas. Se aplica un análisis FODA (Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades, Amenazas) a cada fase desarrollada en la investigación, a partir del cual se derivan orientaciones de diseño para la reproducción de esta experiencia de Articulación, a una escala mayor, en la que participen más estudiantes y más tutores de ambos niveles educativos. Esta mayor magnitud plantea un escenario educativo más complejo, por lo que las conclusiones se orientan hacia el reconocimiento y control de las variables críticas.

Aim: To determine the effects of e-cigarette use on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) in young people in Metropolitan Lima. Materials and Methods: This observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed with 189 individuals (age, 18–29 years) who used electronic cigarettes. The OHIP-Sp5 instrument was used to assess OHRQOL. Results: The use of e-cigarettes was higher among male participants (47.79%) than that among the female participants (26.32%). The mean OHRQOL scores of individuals who did and did not use e-cigarettes were 3.17 (2.26) and 3.12 (2.47), respectively These scores for people who did and did not use mouthwash were 2.92 (2.34) and 3.57 (2.43), respectively. Regarding orofacial pain 2.65% participants frequently re-ported “painful discomfort” and 7.41% of the young people presented such discomfort of orofacial aspect “frequently.” Conclusions: Recording e-cigarette uses and frequency in patients’ medical records is important, as well as incorporating educational strategies to reduce e-cigarette consumption and avoiding harmful effects on general health.

The article presents a study which analyzed the magniture and trends in gallbladder cancer (GBC) mortality in Chile as an indirect assessment of the potential impact of the Acceso Universal con Garantías Explécitas (AUGE) program on GBC mortality. Topics discussed include GBC mortality rates in women, age-specific mortality rates for GBC, and possible reasons for the decline in GBC mortality rate prior to initiation of the AUGE program.

Aim: The calibration area (CA) corresponds to the geographic region used by different algorithms that estimate the species' environmental preferences and delimit its geographic distribution. This study intended to identify, test and compare current literature's most commonly employed approaches and methods for CA creation, highlighting the differences with the accessible area (M), a frequently misapplied concept. Location: Global. Taxon: Arthropods, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Methods: We conducted a literature review and analysed 129 recent articles on species distribution that use correlative models to identify the methods used to establish the CA and their frequency. We also evaluated seven of the most widely used methods for 31 species from different taxa. Results: We found that the most frequently used methods in literature corresponded to biogeographic entities (BE). Moreover, according to our evaluation, those methods that seek to establish the CA through the accessible area approach (including BE and 'grinnell') were the best evaluated. Finally, we highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the analysed methods in selecting CA. Main Conclusions: Although we cannot fail to recognize the usefulness and validity of the different methods to establish CAs, we suggest calibrating ecological niche and species distribution models in light of explicit a priori hypotheses regarding the extent of accessible areas (M) as a delimitation of the CA, which theoretically includes the species' dispersal ability and its barriers. We recommend using the BE method, which is simple to establish and highly operational. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is one of the main threats to biodiversity in the 21st century. However, the effects that it may have on different mammal species are unknown, making it difficult to implement conservation strategies. In this paper, we used species distribution models (SDM) to assess the effect of global climate change on the potential distribution of the 8 of the 9 marsupial species in Mexico, and analyzed their distribution in the current system of natural protected areas (NPAs). We used presence records for each species and bioclimatic variables from the present and the future (2050 and 2080) with 2 contrasting possible scenarios (representative concentration pathways RCP 4.5 and 8.5). We found that Tlacuatzin canescens would have the most stable potential range under any climate change scenario, while the remaining species (Caluromys derbianus, Chironectes minimus, Didelphis marsupialis, D. virginiana, Philander opossum, Marmosa mexicana , and Metachirus nudicaudatus) would undergo notable range losses in the future, though there would not only be losses—according to our SDMs, for all species there would be some range gain under the different climate scenarios, assuming the vegetation cover remained. The current system of NPAs in Mexico currently protects and under the 2 future scenarios would protect less than 20% of the potential range of marsupials, so a reevaluation of their areas beyond the NPAs is highly recommended for the long-term conservation of this group. Our results provide relevant information on the estimated effects of global climate change on marsupials, allowing us to design more effective methodologies for the protection of this portion of the mammalian fauna in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Long-tailed Wood-Partridge (Dendrortyx macroura) is distributed in the temperate forests of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, and Sierra Madre del Sur. Populations are geographically isolated throughout their distribution range, which has led to the historical description of 7 subspecies based on morphological differences. Our work analyses the geographic variation of D. macroura based on its morphology and plumage patterns. We measured 121 specimens for morphological traits and assessed differences between sexes. We separated the specimens into Operational Geographical Units (OGUs) and applied multivariate statistical analyses, including principal components analysis, and a clustering method. Then, we carried out a classification analysis of the color and pattern of the chest and belly stripes to determine if there is a relationship between plumage patterns and geography. We found significant differences between males and females in 3 morphological variables. Plumage patterns were similar between the sexes. Our results do not strongly support the distinctiveness of all existing subspecies, but morphological data suggest a distinct group in central Mexico (D. m. macroura and D. m. griseipectus). Our results do not concur with the currently recognized subspecific divisions within this complex, but further genetic data are needed to assess their taxonomic status. La perdiz de cola larga (Dendrortyx macroura) se distribuye en los bosques templados del Eje Neovolcánico, Sierra Norte de Oaxaca y Sierra Madre del Sur en México. Sus poblaciones se encuentran geográficamente aisladas a lo largo de su distribución, lo que ha generado la descripción histórica de 7 subespecies con base en sus diferencias morfológicas. En este trabajo realizamos un análisis de la variación geográfica de D. macroura con base en su morfología y los patrones de coloración del plumaje. Se revisaron caracteres morfológicos de 121 ejemplares a los que se tomaron diversas medidas morfológicas y determinamos diferencias entre los sexos. Los ejemplares fueron separados en Unidades Geográficas Operacionales (OGUs) a las que se les aplicaron análisis multivariados (un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis de similitud). Hicimos un análisis de clasificación del color y patrones del pecho y rayado del vientre para determinar si existía una relación entre el patrón del plumaje y su geografía. Encontramos diferencias significativas entre machos y hembras en 3 variables morfológicas, pero el patrón de coloración de sus plumas fue similar en ambos sexos. Nuestros resultados no dan soporte robusto a la separación morfológica de todas las subespecies existentes, si bien los datos morfológicos sugieren un grupo diferenciado en el centro del país, incluyendo dos subespecies (D. m. macroura y D. m. griseipectus). Nuestros resultados no concuerdan con las divisiones subespecíficas actualmente reconocidas dentro de este complejo, si bien identifican la necesidad de hacer análisis genéticos para determinar su estatus taxonómico. Palabras clave: categoría intraespecífica, centro de México, diferencias morfométricas, dimorfismo sexual, zonas montanas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By enabling new business models, digital platforms are transforming traditional economy and generating a multitude of discussions around the globe. Changes experienced by technological advances are being discussed by governments, private sector and especially by the academic field. One of the biggest impacts related to the phenomenon concerns transformation of labor relations. This article aims to discuss these relationships through an exploratory research of qualitative nature coupled with the application of participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Nine mobility application drivers from the greater São Paulo (Brasil) region participated in the study. One of the main findings is that drivers find in these applications a more interesting work opportunity than in formal markets. For the sampled interviewees, the ratio of earnings from the platforms is four times greater than the salaries they used to receive in their former jobs. These findings cannot be generalized, but they corroborate a view of applications as an alternative for labor and income aligned with macro changes happening that impact labor relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Gestão & Tecnologia is the property of Revista Gestao & Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)