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Introduction: The tibia, the second largest bone in the human body, is largely enveloped by subcutaneous fat and skin, rendering it vulnerable to fractures and soft tissue injuries. This unique anatomical configuration contributes to a heightened susceptibility to open fractures. Notably, an aggressive treatment protocol involving radical debridement, internal fixation, and immediate or early soft tissue coverage with muscle flaps has demonstrated improved rates of bony union and reduced incidences of infection. Aim: To assess the clinical outcomes of early bony fixation and soft tissue coverage in Type IIIB open proximal tibia fractures. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedics, BRD Medical College, in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Total of 30 cases were enrolled between August 2021 and November 2022. The parameters assessed in the study encompassed patient demographics, including age and gender distribution, the aetiology of fractures, soft tissue coverage outcomes, time to bone union, knee joint movement postsurgery, and the incidence of complications such as superficial infections and chronic osteomyelitis. The analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0, primarily employing descriptive statistics to present the results, with percentages and frequencies serving as the primary modes of representation. Results: All cases of Gustilo-Anderson Type IIIB high-grade open tibial fractures were included in this study, with the majority of patients being males 26 (87%) aged between 20 to 40 years. Road traffic accidents accounted for 25 (83.3%), while falls from height were responsible in 5 (16.7%) cases. Assessment of soft tissue coverage revealed 73.33% with good healing, 20% with fair healing, and 6.67% with poor healing. The time to bone union varied, with 10% of cases showing non union. Postsurgery, most cases demonstrated knee joint movement of over 120° (86.67%) and a few cases with movement ranging between 90-120° (13.33%). The incidence of complications was relatively low, with 3 (10%) cases presenting superficial infections and 2 (6.7%) suffering from chronic osteomyelitis. Conclusion: Early bony fixation and soft tissue coverage utilising the medial gastrocnemius flap, along with Split-Thickness Skin Grafting (STSG), demonstrate efficacy in treating high-grade open proximal tibia fractures (Gustilo-Anderson Type IIIB). This approach facilitates expedited bony union and contributes to a reduction in postoperative complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: By reviewing our institution's experience and relevant current literature, this study aims to evaluate the functional outcome of proximal humerus fracture parts 2 and 3 following surgical treatment of unstable or displaced proximal humeral fractures with the proximal humerus nail. Objective: To evaluate the functional outcomes of proximal humerus fractures of NEER classification part-2, part 3, managed by internal fixation with the intramedullary proximal humerus nail on the basis of Constant-Murley scores (CMS). Methods: Twenty-three patients with proximal humeral fractures were surgically treated with the proximal humeral nail. Neer's classification was used to classify the fractures. Patient demographics, mechanism of injury, duration of surgery, time to healing, and any complications were recorded. The Constant Shoulder Score was used to evaluate the functional outcome. In addition, a literature review was performed to evaluate overall healing and complication rates. Results: The mean age was 51.10 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 1.88:1. A total of 65.2% of injuries were due to a fall on level ground. A total of 69.56% of patients had NEER part 2 and 30.44% of patients had NEER part 3. The percentages of excellent, good, fair, and poor outcomes were 18%, 54%, 18%, and 9%, respectively. The percentage of excellent/good outcomes was 75% for NEER Part 2 and 66.6% for NEER Part 3. The percentages of superficial skin infection, rotator cuff stiffness, screw out (late), and screw impingement complication were 4.5%, 4.5%, 9.0%, and 4.5%, respectively Conclusions: The Proximal humerus nail was found to be an effective implant for stabilisation of proximal humeral fractures. Functional outcome is for the vast majority of the cases excellent or good, but in part 3 fracture patients a lower Constant score can be expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Screen printing has received significant attention for manufacturing energy storage devices. However, preparing high‐quality inks is still one of the main challenges. Herein, a homogenous and stable ink based on the monoclinic phase of VO2(M) microparticles has been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process in only 6 h and through nontoxic solutions. The VO2 ink is printed on Kapton substrate in a single‐layer as well as in a double‐layer arrangement (1‐LP and 2‐LP). The printed 1‐LP VO2 electrode delivers a maximum areal capacitance of 20 mF cm−2 with a small equivalent series resistance of 4 Ω without conducting additives. The interdigitated full‐cell VO2 supercapacitor adequately employs the electric double‐layer and Faradic redox mechanisms in 1.4 V, which is the highest operating voltage reported for symmetric supercapacitors based on pure vanadium oxide electrodes in aqueous inorganic electrolytes. Moreover, the maximum areal energy of the 2‐LP supercapacitor is 0.8 μWh cm−2 at an areal power of 21.0 μW cm−2, which is larger than the 1‐LP (0.2 μWh cm−2 at 17.5 μW cm−2). This improvement is attributed to the homogenously printed double layer of the porous VO2 microparticles. Integrating such supercapacitors into thin‐film electronics could develop portable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Printed VO2 RF switch founds immense potential in RF reconfigurable applications. However, their generic electrical equivalent model is still intangible that can be further integrated in CAD tools and utilize for simulation, analysis and design of RF/microwave circuits and systems. The artificial neural network (ANN) has been gaining popularity in modeling various types of RF components. However, most of these works merely demonstrate the establishment of the ANN‐based RF model in the MATLAB environment without involving significant optimization. Furthermore, the integration of such ANN‐based RF models in the EM and circuit simulator as well as the co‐simulation between the ANN‐based model and conventional models have not been demonstrated or validated. Therefore, the earlier reported models are still one step removed from its real RF applications. In this work, by using the fully printed vanadium dioxide (VO2) RF switch as the modeling example, a systematic hyperparameter optimization process has been conducted. Compared to the non‐optimized ANN model, a dramatic improvement in the model's accuracy has been observed for the ANN model with fully optimized hyperparameters. A correlation coefficient of more than 99.2% for broad frequency range demonstrates the accuracy of the modeling technique. In addition, we have also integrated the Python‐backed ANN‐based model into Advanced Design System (ADS), where a reconfigurable T‐resonator band stop filter is used as an example to demonstrate the co‐simulation between the ANN‐based model and the conventional lumped‐based model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]