29 results on '"Vasilatou, Vasiliki"'
Search Results
2. Widespread Pesticide Distribution in the European Atmosphere Questions their Degradability in Air
- Author
-
Mayer, Ludovic, primary, Degrendele, Céline, additional, Šenk, Petr, additional, Kohoutek, Jiři, additional, Přibylová, Petra, additional, Kukučka, Petr, additional, Melymuk, Lisa, additional, Durand, Amandine, additional, Ravier, Sylvain, additional, Alastuey, Andres, additional, Baker, Alex R., additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, Baumann-Stanzer, Kathrin, additional, Biermann, Tobias, additional, Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla, additional, Ceburnis, Darius, additional, Conil, Sébastien, additional, Couret, Cédric, additional, Degórska, Anna, additional, Diapouli, Evangelia, additional, Eckhardt, Sabine, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, Forster, Grant L., additional, Freier, Korbinian, additional, Gheusi, François, additional, Gini, Maria I., additional, Hellén, Heidi, additional, Henne, Stephan, additional, Herrmann, Hartmut, additional, Holubová Šmejkalová, Adéla, additional, Hõrrak, Urmas, additional, Hüglin, Christoph, additional, Junninen, Heikki, additional, Kristensson, Adam, additional, Langrene, Laurent, additional, Levula, Janne, additional, Lothon, Marie, additional, Ludewig, Elke, additional, Makkonen, Ulla, additional, Matejovičová, Jana, additional, Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos, additional, Mináriková, Veronika, additional, Moche, Wolfgang, additional, Noe, Steffen M., additional, Pérez, Noemí, additional, Petäjä, Tuukka, additional, Pont, Véronique, additional, Poulain, Laurent, additional, Quivet, Etienne, additional, Ratz, Gabriela, additional, Rehm, Till, additional, Reimann, Stefan, additional, Simmons, Ivan, additional, Sonke, Jeroen E., additional, Sorribas, Mar, additional, Spoor, Ronald, additional, Swart, Daan P. J., additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Wortham, Henri, additional, Yela, Margarita, additional, Zarmpas, Pavlos, additional, Zellweger Fäsi, Claudia, additional, Tørseth, Kjetil, additional, Laj, Paolo, additional, Klánová, Jana, additional, and Lammel, Gerhard, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Air quality challenges in Central Asian urban areas: a PM2.5 source apportionment analysis in Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
- Author
-
Papagiannis, Stefanos, Abdullaev, Sabur Fuzaylovich, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, and Diapouli, Evangelia
- Subjects
AIR quality ,INCINERATION ,POLLUTION source apportionment ,BIOMASS burning ,CITIES & towns ,ANTHROPOGENIC effects on nature - Abstract
This work presents the first comprehensive assessment of PM pollution sources in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. A total of 138 PM
2.5 samples were collected during 2015–2016 and 2018–2019 and were analyzed through gravimetric, ED-XRF, and multi-wavelength absorption techniques. The results show that PM2.5 concentrations were substantially higher than the European annual limit value and WHO Air Quality Guidelines annual average value, with an average of 90.9 ± 68.5 μg m−3 . The PMF application identified eight sources of pollution that influenced PM2.5 concentration levels in the area. Coal burning (21.3%) and biomass burning (22.3%) were the dominant sources during the winter, while vehicular traffic (7.7%) contributed more during the warm season. Power plant emissions (17.5%) showed enhanced contributions during the warm months, likely due to high energy demand. Cement industry emissions (6.9%) exhibited significant contribution during the cold period of 2018–2019, while soil dust (11.3%) and secondary sulphates (11.5%) displayed increased contribution during the warm and cold months, respectively. Finally, waste burning (1.5%) displayed the lowest contribution, with no significant temporal variation. Our results highlight the significant impact of anthropogenic activities, and especially the use of coal burning for energy production (both in power plants and for residential heating), and the significant contribution of biomass burning during both warm and cold seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Analysis of Black Carbon Concentrations in PM<sub>2.5-10 </sub>and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Fractions by MABI Instrument in Two Urban Areas of Dakar, Senegal
- Author
-
Traore, Alassane, primary, Kebe, Moustapha, additional, Sow, Malick, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Sadikhe Ndao, Ababacar, additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Aerosol microphysics and chemistry reveal the COVID19 lockdown impact on urban air quality
- Author
-
Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Gini, Maria I., Diapouli, Evangelia, Vratolis, Stergios, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Fetfatzis, Prodromos, and Manousakas, Manousos I.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Author Correction: Aerosol microphysics and chemistry reveal the COVID19 lockdown impact on urban air quality
- Author
-
Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Gini, Maria I., Diapouli, Evangelia, Vratolis, Stergios, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Fetfatzis, Prodromos, and Manousakas, Manousos I.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Air Quality Challenges in Central Asian Urban Areas: A Pm2.5 Source Apportionment Analysis in Dushanbe, Tajikistan
- Author
-
Papagiannis, Stefanos, primary, Abdullaev, Sabur, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, and Diapouli, Evangelia, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. PM2.5 Source Apportionment and Implications for Particle Hygroscopicity at an Urban Background Site in Athens, Greece
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, primary, Fetfatzis, Prodromos, additional, Panteliadis, Pavlos, additional, Spitieri, Christina, additional, Gini, Maria I., additional, Papagiannis, Stefanos, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Evaluation of the Simulated Atmospheric Particulate Matter Chemical Composition in Athens: Organic Aerosols Formation Sensitivity Tests.
- Author
-
Poupkou, Anastasia, Kontos, Serafim, Liora, Natalia, Tsiaousidis, Dimitrios, Kapsomenakis, Ioannis, Solomos, Stavros, Liakakou, Eleni, Athanasopoulou, Eleni, Grivas, Georgios, Diapouli, Evangelia, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Papagiannis, Stefanos, Progiou, Athena, Kalabokas, Pavlos, Melas, Dimitrios, Gerasopoulos, Evangelos, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, and Zerefos, Christos
- Subjects
AIR quality ,PARTICULATE matter ,ATMOSPHERIC aerosols ,OXIDATION - Abstract
Air quality simulations were performed for the Greater Athens Area in very high spatial resolution using the modeling system WRF-CAMx. Sensitivity runs were performed using the SOAP and VBS schemes for organic gas-aerosol partitioning and oxidation. In January 2019, OA-VBS decreased compared to OA-SOAP because of POA reduction. In July 2019, the OA-VBS increased with respect to OA-SOAP as a result of the increase in SOA levels exceeding the decrease in POA ones. The comparison of the WRF-CAMx results against PM
10 , PM2.5 , and OC surface measurements provides the first indications for improved CAMx performance with the VBS scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. PM 2.5 Source Apportionment and Implications for Particle Hygroscopicity at an Urban Background Site in Athens, Greece.
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, Fetfatzis, Prodromos, Panteliadis, Pavlos, Spitieri, Christina, Gini, Maria I., Papagiannis, Stefanos, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos
- Subjects
MINERAL dusts ,POLLUTION source apportionment ,HEAVY oil ,BIOMASS burning ,SEA salt ,AEROSOLS - Abstract
Aerosol hygroscopicity is a key aerosol property, influencing a number of other physical properties, and the impacts of PM pollution on the environment, climate change, and health. The present work aims to provide insight into the contribution of major PM sources to aerosol hygroscopicity, focusing on an urban background site, with a significant impact from both primary and secondary sources. The EPA PMF 5.0 model was applied to PM
2.5 chemical composition and hygroscopicity data collected from August 2016 to July 2017 in Athens, Greece. Source apportionment analysis resulted in six major sources, including four anthropogenic sources (vehicular exhaust and non-exhaust, heavy oil combustion, and a mixed source of secondary aerosol formation and biomass burning) and two natural sources (mineral dust and aged sea salt). The mixed source was found to be the main contributor to PM2.5 levels (44%), followed by heavy oil combustion (26%) and vehicular traffic exhaust and non-exhaust emissions (15%). The aerosol hygroscopic growth factor (GF) was found to be mainly associated with the mixed source (by 36%) and heavy oil combustion (by 24%) and, to a lesser extent, with vehicle exhaust (by 19%), aged sea salt (by 14%), and vehicle non-exhaust (by 6%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Radiative Effect and Mixing Processes of a Long-Lasting Dust Event over Athens, Greece, during the COVID-19 Period
- Author
-
Kokkalis, Panagiotis, primary, Soupiona, Ourania, additional, Papanikolaou, Christina-Anna, additional, Foskinis, Romanos, additional, Mylonaki, Maria, additional, Solomos, Stavros, additional, Vratolis, Stergios, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Kralli, Eleni, additional, Anagnou, Dimitra, additional, and Papayannis, Alexandros, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Investigation of an Intense Dust Outbreak in the Mediterranean Using XMed-Dry Network, Multiplatform Observations, and Numerical Modeling
- Author
-
Rizza, Umberto, primary, Kandler, Konrad, additional, Eknayan, Melanie, additional, Passerini, Giorgio, additional, Mancinelli, Enrico, additional, Virgili, Simone, additional, Morichetti, Mauro, additional, Nolle, Michael, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, and Ielpo, Pierina, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Source Apportionment and Assessment of Air Quality Index of PM2.5–10 and PM2.5 in at Two Different Sites in Urban Background Area in Senegal
- Author
-
Kebe, Moustapha, primary, Traore, Alassane, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Ndao, Ababacar Sadikhe, additional, Wague, Ahmadou, additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Identification of the major contributing sources to ambient PM2.5 oxidative potential in Athens, Greece
- Author
-
Taghvaee, Sina, primary, Sowlat, Mohammad H., additional, Diapouli, Evangelia, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Eleftheriadis, Kostas, additional, and Sioutas, Constantinos, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Source apportionment of the oxidative potential of fine ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) in Athens, Greece
- Author
-
Taghvaee, Sina, primary, Sowlat, Mohammad H., additional, Diapouli, Evangelia, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Eleftheriadis, Kostas, additional, and Sioutas, Constantinos, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Long Term Flux of Saharan Dust to the Aegean Sea around the Attica Region, Greece
- Author
-
Vasilatou Vasiliki, Manousakas Manousos, Gini Maria, Scoullos Michael, and Eleftheriadis Konstantinos
- Subjects
complex mixtures ,respiratory tract diseases - Abstract
In this study, Particulate Matter (PM) samples, collected during 2 summer and 2 winter months over a long-term period (1984–2012) at a suburban site in Athens (Greece), were used in order to examine the connection between Sahara dust long range transport events and mass concentrations of the aerosol mineral component, as well as the relative abundance of specific crustal components. As a result, the average deposition flux of dust to the Aegean Sea around the Attica Region, during days with Sahara dust transport events, was calculated. The elemental concentration of aerosol samples was determined by means of ET-AAS, ED-XRF. Mineral dust was chemically reconstructed by using the elemental concentrations of the crustal species based on their common oxides. Two different air mass transport models (HYSPLIT and FLEXTRA) were used for the identification of the days with dust transport events. The dust deposition velocity of the particles was calculated by using Stokes drag law, while the dust deposition flux was calculated taking into account the mean particle size of the aerosol coarse size fraction, which is dominated by the transported crustal component during Sahara dust intrusions. The mineral dust contribution was higher in summer, when dry weather conditions prevail. The Ca/Fe ratio was examined for all years, since this ratio is often used for the identification of Saharan dust events. For the years 1996 and 1998 the Ca/Fe ratio indicates an influence by local urban generated dust. The dust deposition flux per day of a Sahara intrusion event varied from 61 to 199 μg/m2 with an average value of 131 ± 41 μg/m2. The total dust deposition over the 4 month measuring period ranged from 237 to 2935 μg/m2
- Published
- 2017
17. AIRUSE-LIFE +: Estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM10 and PM2. 5 concentrations in southern Europe - Implications to compliance with limit values
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Vratolis, Stergios, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Pateraki, St, Bairachtari, Kyriaki A., Querol, Xavier, Amato, Fulvio, Alastuey, Andrés, Karanasiou, Angeliki, Lucarelli, Franco, Nava, Silvia, Calzolai, Giulia, Gianelle, Vorne L., Colombi, Cristina, Alves, Célia Anjos, Custódio, Danilo, Pio, Casimiro, Spyrou, Christos, Kallos, George B., Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, and European Commission
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,PM10 ,PM2. 5 ,Urban ambient ,complex mixtures - Abstract
The contribution of natural sources to ambient air particulate matter (PM) concentrations is often not considered; however, it may be significant for certain areas and during specific periods of the year. In the framework of the AIRUSE-LIFE+ project, state-of-the-art methods have been employed for assessing the contribution of major natural sources (African dust, sea salt and forest fires) to PM concentrations, in southern European urban areas. 24h measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 mass and chemical composition were performed over the course of a year in five cities: Porto, Barcelona, Milan, Florence and Athens. Net African dust and sea-salt concentrations were calculated based on the methodologies proposed by the EC (SEC 2011/208). The contribution of uncontrolled forest fires was calculated through receptor modelling. Sensitivity analysis with respect to the calculation of African dust was also performed, in order to identify major parameters affecting the estimated net dust concentrations. African dust contribution to PM concentrations was more pronounced in the eastern Mediterranean, with the mean annual relative contribution to PM10 decreasing from 21% in Athens, to 5% in Florence, and around 2% in Milan, Barcelona and Porto. The respective contribution to PM2. 5 was calculated equal to 14% in Athens and from 1.3 to 2.4% in all other cities. High seasonal variability of contributions was observed, with dust transport events occurring at different periods in the western and eastern Mediterranean basin. Sea salt was mostly related to the coarse mode and also exhibited significant seasonal variability. Sea-salt concentrations were highest in Porto, with average relative contributions equal to 12.3% for PM10. Contributions from uncontrolled forest fires were quantified only for Porto and were low on an annual basis (1.4 and 1.9% to PM10 and PM2. 5, respectively); nevertheless, contributions were greatly increased during events, reaching 20 and 22% of 24h PM10 and PM2. 5 concentrations, respectively. © Author(s) 2017., The authors gratefully acknowledge (i) the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website (http://www.ready.noaa.gov); (ii) the Barcelona Supercomputing Centre for the provision of the BSC-DREAM8b (Dust REgional Atmospheric Model) model (http://www.bsc.es/projects/earthscience/ BSC-DREAM/); and (iii) Andreas Stohl (NILU), Gerhard Wotawa and Petra Seibert (Institute of Meteorology and Geophysics, Vienna) and ECMWF (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast) for the provision of FLEXTRA model. This work was funded by the AIRUSE LIFE+ (ENV/ES/584) EU project. Financial support from the EnTeC FP7 Capacities programme (REGPOT-2012-2013-1, FP7, ID: 316173) projects is also acknowledged
- Published
- 2017
18. Διαχρονική μελέτη μεταλλικών στοιχείων στο ατμοσφαιρικό αερόλυμα της Αττικής
- Author
-
Vasilatou Vasiliki
- Subjects
Θετικές Επιστήμες ,Science - Abstract
Βασικός στόχος της παρούσας Διδακτορικής Διατριβής είναι η μελέτη της διακύμανσης της συγκέντρωσης στοιχείων που αποτελούν συστατικά του ατμοσφαιρικού αερολύματος της Αττικής τη χρονική περίοδο (1980-2012). Η μελέτη της διακύμανσης αυτής έχει ιδιαίτερη σημασία καθώς παρέχει πληροφορίες για τη διαφοροποίηση των χημικών αποτυπωμάτων των ανθρωπογενών πηγών ρύπανσης στο πέρασμα των ετών, τη συμβολή των φυσικών πηγών στις διαφοροποιήσεις της συγκέντρωσης του αερολύματος και κατ επέκταση στα στοιχεία που αποτελούν συστατικά του, τη σχέση ανθρωπογενών και φυσικών πηγών ρύπανσης, καθώς και την εποχική διακύμανσή τους. Επίσης, ελέγχθηκε η επίδραση της Αφρικανικής σκόνης στις συγκεντρώσεις των στοιχείων αλλά και στα Αιωρούμενα Σωματίδια, ΑΣ2.5. Οι στοιχειακές αναλύσεις των δειγμάτων αιωρούμενων σωματιδίων, οι οποίες χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τη δημιουργία των βάσεων δεδομένων που αξιοποιήθηκαν για τη μελέτη των προαναφερθέντων φαινομένων, πραγματοποιήθηκαν με τη μέθοδο της ατομικής απορρόφησης ηλεκτροθερμαινόμενου φούρνου γραφίτη (GF-AAS), με ατομική απορρόφηση φλόγας (Flame), με τη μέθοδο της Φθορισιμετρίας με Ακτίνες –Χ, ED-XRF (Χ-Ray Fluorescence), ενώ ο προσδιορισμός του μαύρου άνθρακα (ΜΑ), (black carbon, ΜΑ) έγινε με τη χρήση ανακλασίμετρου. Για τα έτη 2011-2012 αξιοποιήθηκαν τα αποτελέσματα μετρήσεων που είχαν πραγματοποιηθεί στο πλαίσιο του προγράμματος Accept-air. Η εργασία για ευκολότερη παρουσιασή της έχει χωριστεί σε 3 μέρη: Θεωρητικό, Πειραματικό και Αποτελέσματα. Το Θεωρητικό Μέρος της διατριβής αποτελείται από 2 κεφάλαια. Στο 1ο Κεφάλαιο γίνεται μία σύντομη περιγραφή του ορισμού των αιωρούμενων σωματιδίων, των πηγών τους και της επιδρασής τους στο κλίμα. Tο 2ο Κεφάλαιο αναφέρεται στους μηχανισμούς δειγματοληψίας των ΑΣ, τα είδη των φίλτρων και στις μεθόδους προσδιορισμού στοιχείων σε ΑΣ. Το Πειραματικό Μέρος της διατριβής περιλαμβάνει τα Κεφάλαια 3-7. Στο Κεφάλαιο 3 γίνεται η περιγραφή των στόχων της εργασίας και ο τρόπος που προσεγγίστηκαν επιστημονικά. Στο Κεφάλαιο 4 περιγράφεται η διαδικαδία συλλογής των δειγμάτων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, η τοποθεσία δειγματοληψίας και η χρονική περίοδος που πραγματοποιήθηκε η κάθε δειγματοληψία καθώς και διάρκειά της. Ενώ στο Κεφάλαιο 5 παρέχονται πληροφορίες που αφορούν τις στοιχειακές αναλύσεις, στις μεθόδους που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, στη βαθμονόμηση των οργάνων και στη διασφάλιση ποιότητας των μετρήσεων. Στο Κεφάλαιο 6, περιγράφεται ο υπολογισμός ορισμένων παραμέτρων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για την αξιολόγηση των δεδομένων και συγκεκριμένα του ρυθμού εναπόθεσης της σκόνης, του εδαφικού φορτίου και του παράγοντα εμπλουτισμού (EF). Στο κεφάλαιο 7, που είναι και το τελευταίο κεφάλαιο του Πειραματικού Μέρους, γίνεται περιγραφή των μοντέλων οπισθοτροχιών που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τη διερεύνηση και ταυτοποίηση των ημερών με δράση φαινομένων μεταφοράς σκόνης από την Αφρική. Το τρίτο μέρος της διατριβής αφιερώνεται στην παρουσίαση, συζήτηση και ερμηνεία των αποτελεσμάτων και περιλαμβάνει τα Κεφάλαια 8-12. Στο Κεφάλαιο 8 περιγράφεται και διευκρινίζεται ο τρόπος παρουσίασης των αποτελεσμάτων. Το Κεφάλαιο 9 περιλαμβάνει την παρουσίαση των αποτελεσμάτων των μετρήσεων που πραγματοποίηθηκαν για τα Ολικά Σωματίδια και ΑΣ10 τη χρονική περίοδο 1980-2012. Πιο συγκεκριμένα περιγράφεται η μακροχρόνια μελέτη των συγκεντρώσεων των στοιχείων και του ΜΑ και πως αυτές επηρεάζονται από τα διάφορα μετεωρολογικά φαινόμενα καθώς και η διαφοροποιήση των συγκεντρώσεων ανάλογα με το έτος και την εποχή δειγματοληψίας. Επίσης, στο κεφάλαιο αυτό παρουσιάζεται ο παράγοντας εμπλουτισμού ως μέσο διερεύνησης των πηγών προέλευσης των σωματιδίων. Η μακροχρόνια μελέτη των συγκεντρώσεων των στοιχείων έδειξε ότι η συγκέντρωση του Pb από το 1998 και μετά μειώνεται εμφανώς, γεγονός που αποδίδεται στην αντικατάσταση της βενζίνης με πρόσθετο μόλυβδο (γνωστή ως σούπερ), από αμόλυβδη βενζίνη. Ο παράγοντας εμπλουτισμού έδειξε ότι τα στοιχεία Al, Ti, Si, Mg και Na είναι φυσικής προέλευσης σε ποσοστό 100%, ενώ τα στοιχεία Zn, Pb και Cu κατά κύριο λόγο προέρχονται από ανθρωπογενείς δραστηριότητες (σε ποσοστό μεγαλύτερο από 63%),ενώ για τα στοιχεία Ni και V η πηγή προέλευσής τους είναι ανθρωπογενής σε ποσοστό 43 και 30% αντίστοιχα. Ο παράγοντας εμπλουτισμού για το Ca υποδεικνύει πως είναι φυσικής προέλευσης, με εξαίρεση τα έτη 1988-1996 όπου ήταν ανθρωπογενούς προέλευσης, γεγονός που πιθανώς σχετίζεται με την ανοικοδόμηση της περιοχής κατά την περίοδο αυτή. Στο Κεφάλαιο 10 παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα των μετρήσεων που πραγματοποιήθηκαν για ΑΣ2.5 την περίοδο 2008-12, προκειμένου να ελεγχθεί η επίδραση της οικονομικής κρίσης στις συγκεντρώσεις των σωματιδίων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα ελέγχθηκαν διαχρονικά οι συγκεντρώσεις των ΑΣ2.5, και προέκυψε ότι το 2008 η συγκέντρωση ήταν 16 ± 6 μg/m3 ενώ το 2012 ήταν 12 ± 9 μg/m3. Επίσης παρουσιάζεται η ετήσια και η εποχική διακύμανση των συγκεντρώσεων των στοιχείων. Άλλη μία παράμετρος που διερευνάται σε αυτό το κεφάλαιο είναι η συνεισφορά των διαφόρων πηγών στις συγκεντρώσεις των ΑΣ2.5 μεσω της χημικής ανασυγκρότησης (chemical reconstruction) πηγών και εξέταση του ισοζυγίου μάζας. Τέλος, υπολογίστηκε για τα δύο έτη ο λόγος ΑΣ2.5/10 για τις συγκεντρώσεις μάζας και για όλα τα προσδιορισθέντα στοιχεία. Το Κεφάλαιο 11 περιλαμβάνει την παρουσίαση της επίδρασης της Αφρικανικής σκόνης στα επίπεδα συγκέντρωσης των αιωρούμενων σωματιδίων, ενώ διερευνάται αν συγκεκριμένες τιμές των λόγων των στοιχείων Ca/Fe, Mn/Fe και Ti/Fe που έχουν προσδιοριστεί με την εξέταση δειγμάτων Αφρικανικής σκόνης, μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν ως δείκτες για το χαρακτηρισμό επεισοδίων σκόνης στην περιοχή μας. Από τα αποτελέσματα προκύπτει ότι το 25% περίπου των δειγμάτων που μελετήθηκε είχε επηρεαστεί από φαινόμενα μεταφοράς Αφρικανικής σκόνης. Στο Κεφάλαιο 12 παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της επίδρασης της σκόνης, τοπικής και μεταφερόμενης, στα ΑΣ. Επίσης, διερευνάται η διαφοροποίηση της συνεισφοράς της σκόνης στη συγκέντρωση των ΑΣ τις ημέρες με επίδραση και χωρίς επίδραση απο φαινόμενα μεταφοράς Αφρικανικής σκόνης., υπολογίζεται ο ρυθμός εναπόθεσης καθώς και η συνολική εναπόθεση της σκόνης κατά τις ημέρες που υπήρχε επίδραση από την Αφρικανική σκόνη τα έτη 1984-2012 και ο λόγος Ca/Fe την ίδα χρονική περίοδο στα ίδια δείγματα. Τα έτη 1996 και 1998 οι τιμή του λόγου Ca / Fe δείχνει την επιρροή και της τοπικής σκόνης. Ο ρυθμός εναπόθεσης της σκόνης ανά ημέρα για ημέρες με μεταφορά Αφρικανικής σκόνης κυμαίνεται από 61 -199 μg/m2 με μέση τιμή 131 ± 41 μg/m2. Η συνολική εναπόθεση σκόνης κατά τη διάρκεια της περιόδου μέτρησης των 4 μηνών ανά έτος κυμαινόταν από 237 έως 2935 μg m2. Στο Κεφάλαιο 13 παρουσιάζονται συνοπτικά τα συμπεράσματα της διατριβής και οι πιθανοί μελλοντικοί ερευνητικοί στόχοι. Μέρος των αποτελεσμάτων της παρούσας διατριβής έχει δημοσιευτεί στα περιοδικά Environmental Science and Pollution Research και Frontiers in Marine Science καθώς και έχει παρουσιαστεί στα συνέδρια EAC 2011, CEMEPE –SECOTOX 2013, EAC 2015, EAC 2016. The main target of the current thesis was the study of the variation of the elemental concentrations in the atmospheric aerosols of the Attica region, for the period 1980-2010. Studying these variations is of particular importance, as it provides information on the diversification of chemical fingerprints from anthropogenic sources of PM pollution over the years, the contribution of natural sources to this variance and the correlation between anthropogenic and natural sources of pollution, as well as the seasonal changes. Furthermore, the impact of African dust on the concentration of elements, but also on PM2.5 concentration levels, has been tested. The elemental analysis of particulate matter, which has provided the data used for studying the above-mentioned phenomena, were carried out using the following methods: Electro-thermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (Furnace graphite, flame) and ED- XRF (Χ-Ray Fluorescence). The determination of black carbon (BC), was made by a Reflectometer. For 2011-2012 the measurement results were used for the Accept-air project. This thesis is presented in three parts: theory, experimentation and results. The theoretical part consists of two chapters. In the first chapter, there is a brief description of the definition of particulate matter, its sources and its impact on climate. The second chapter refers to the sampling techniques, the type of filters and the methods for the determination of PM. The experimental part of the study is presented in chapters 3-7. In the third chapter there is a description of the aim and methodology approach of this work. Chapter 4 is referred to sample collection, the location and the sampling period. In Chapter 5 information is provided in relation to the elemental analysis, the methods used, the calibration of the instruments, and quality assurance of the measurements. Chapter 6, describes the calculation of certain parameters, the flux of dust deposition, the mineral dust and the Enrichment Factor (EF). In Chapter 7, which is the final chapter of the experimental part, there is a description of the back-trajectory models, that were used for the investigation and identification of days, on which there were phenomena of African dust transport. In the third part of the study is presented in the Chapters 8-12. In Chapter 8 the main goals of the study and the scientific approach to meet those goals are discussed. Chapter 9 presents the results of TSP and PM10 measurements, for the period of 1980-2012. More specifically it describes a long-term study on the concentrations of the elements and ΜΑ, the concentration influence from the meteorological data, the annual growth, and the diversity in concentration depending on the sampling season. In addition, this Chapter presents the Enrichment Factor for the investigation of the sources of particles. The long-term study of concentrations of elements showed that the concentration of Pb from 1998 onwards was reduced due to the use of unleaded gas. The EF showed that the elements Al, Ti, Si, Mg and Na are 100% of natural origin, while Zn, Pb and Cu mainly come from anthropogenic activities, and then Ni and V follow. The EF for Ca showed its natural origin, with the exception of years 1988-1996, in which the origin was anthropogenic, due to high construction activity on the region. Chapter 10 presents the results of measurements of PM2.5 over the period 2008-12. The measurement was carried out to verify the influence to PM concentrations levels due to the economical crisis. More specifically the concentration of PM2.5 was examined, where in 2008, the concentration was 16 ± 6 μg/m3, and in 2012 was 12 ± 9 μg/m3. Moreover, the annual and seasonal variation of concentrations of elements was investigated as well. Another parameter that was examined in this chapter was the contribution of sources to the concentrations of PM2.5, for the mass closure. Finally, the ratio PM2.5/10 was calculated for two years for the mass concentration, but also for each element. Chapter 11 presents the impact of African dust on the concentration levels of PM. Furthermore, it has been investigated whether the elemental ratios Ca/Fe, Mn/Fe and Ti/Fe can be used as tracers to identify dust incidents. After examining the results, it was found that approximately 25% of the samples were influenced by African dust phenomena. In Section 12 the impact of dust, local and transferred, on the PM has been calculated. Moreover, the contribution to mineral dust during days with African dust and days without was investigated. The rate and total deposition of dust on the days affected by the African dust between 1984-2012 were calculated, as well as the ratio Ca/Fe for the same period on the same samples. In 1996 and 1998 the ratio Ca/Fe was influenced by the local dust. The rate of dust deposition per day (on African dust days) ranged from 61 -199 mg/m2 at an average of 131 ± 41 mg/m2. The total dust deposition during the measuring period of 4 months per year ranged from 237 to 2935 mg m2. Chapter 13 summarises the findings of this study and presents potential future research plans. Part of the results has been published in ‘Environmental Science and Pollution Research’,‘Frontiers in Marine Science’ and the conferences EAC 2011, CEMEPE -SECOTOX 2013, EAC 2015, EAC 2016.
- Published
- 2017
19. Characterization of PM2.5 chemical composition at the Demokritos suburban station, in Athens Greece. The influence of Saharan dust
- Author
-
Vasilatou, Vasiliki, primary, Diapouli, Evangelia, additional, Abatzoglou, Dimitrios, additional, Bakeas, Evangelos B., additional, Scoullos, Michael, additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2. 5</sub> concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, primary, Manousakas, Manousos I., additional, Vratolis, Stergios, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Pateraki, Stella, additional, Bairachtari, Kyriaki A., additional, Querol, Xavier, additional, Amato, Fulvio, additional, Alastuey, Andrés, additional, Karanasiou, Angeliki A., additional, Lucarelli, Franco, additional, Nava, Silvia, additional, Calzolai, Giulia, additional, Gianelle, Vorne L., additional, Colombi, Cristina, additional, Alves, Célia, additional, Custódio, Danilo, additional, Pio, Casimiro, additional, Spyrou, Christos, additional, Kallos, George B., additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Long Term Flux of Saharan Dust to the Aegean Sea around the Attica Region, Greece
- Author
-
Vasilatou, Vasiliki, primary, Manousakas, Manousos, additional, Gini, Maria, additional, Diapouli, Evangelia, additional, Scoullos, Michael, additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Study on particulate matter air pollution, source origin, and human health risk based of PM10 metal content in Volos City, Greece
- Author
-
Emmanouil, Christina, primary, Drositi, Eumorfia, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Diapouli, Evangelia, additional, Krikonis, Konstantinos, additional, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional, and Kungolos, Athanasios, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. AIRUSE-LIFE +: Estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations in Southern Europe. Implications to compliance with limit values
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, primary, Manousakas, Manousos I., additional, Vratolis, Stergios, additional, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, additional, Pateraki, Stella, additional, Bairachtari, Kyriaki A., additional, Querol, Xavier, additional, Amato, Fulvio, additional, Alastuey, Andrés, additional, Karanasiou, Angeliki A., additional, Lucarelli, Franco, additional, Nava, Silvia, additional, Calzolai, Giulia, additional, Gianelle, Vorne L., additional, Colombi, Cristina, additional, Alves, Célia, additional, Custódio, Danilo, additional, Pio, Casimiro, additional, Spyrou, Chris, additional, Kallos, George B., additional, and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Study on particulate matter air pollution, source origin, and human health risk based of PM 10 metal content in Volos City, Greece.
- Author
-
Emmanouil, Christina, Drositi, Eumorfia, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Diapouli, Evangelia, Krikonis, Konstantinos, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, and Kungolos, Athanasios
- Subjects
PARTICULATE matter ,HEALTH risk assessment ,AIR pollution ,INDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
Investigations on the fluctuation in PM10air pollution in Volos, a medium-sized industrialized port city in the Mediterranean, are presented for the 5-year period between 2009 and 2014. The levels detected have been examined in relation to legislatively set limits, sampling year, and day of the week. A PM10spring sampling campaign has been performed in 2014 and metals and other elements in the PM10mass have been quantified. Source origin has been attempted for the latter sampling campaign and human health risk has been assessed. Results show compliance with the mean annual value of 40 μg m−3of 2008/50/EC for the city; however, exceedances of the daily quality standard of 50 μg m−3were frequently recorded. Shifts in PM10concentrations and in contributing sources have been recorded; nevertheless, longer duration data series are needed for safe deductions. Element measurements have enabled source identification for early summer of 2014, with Earth's crust minerals and anthropogenic sources being the main factors. Cumulative non-carcinogenic risk may exceed the threshold value of 1. Possible involvement of sea salt aerosol and desert dust long-range transport has also been assessed. These results may furnish databases on PM pollution of Greek cities as well as other Mediterranean urban centers with similar characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. AIRUSE-LIFE+: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in southern Europe - implications to compliance with limit values.
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, Manousakas, Manousos I., Vratolis, Stergios, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Pateraki, Stella, Bairachtari, Kyriaki A., Querol, Xavier, Amato, Fulvio, Alastuey, Andrés, Karanasiou, Angeliki A., Lucarelli, Franco, Nava, Silvia, Calzolai, Giulia, Gianelle, Vorne L., Colombi, Cristina, Alves, Célia, Custódio, Danilo, Pio, Casimiro, Spyrou, Christos, and Kallos, George B.
- Subjects
AMBIENT temperature ferrite process ,PARTICULATE matter ,SEA salt aerosols ,BIOCHEMISTRY ,DUST - Abstract
The contribution of natural sources to ambient air particulate matter (PM) concentrations is often not considered; however, it may be significant for certain areas and during specific periods of the year. In the framework of the AIRUSE-LIFEC project, state-of-the-art methods have been employed for assessing the contribution of major natural sources (African dust, sea salt and forest fires) to PM concentrations, in southern European urban areas. 24 h measurements of PM
10 and PM2.5 mass and chemical composition were performed over the course of a year in five cities: Porto, Barcelona, Milan, Florence and Athens. Net African dust and sea-salt concentrations were calculated based on the methodologies proposed by the EC (SEC 2011/208). The contribution of uncontrolled forest fires was calculated through receptor modelling. Sensitivity analysis with respect to the calculation of African dust was also performed, in order to identify major parameters affecting the estimated net dust concentrations. African dust contribution to PM concentrations was more pronounced in the eastern Mediterranean, with the mean annual relative contribution to PM10 decreasing from 21% in Athens, to 5% in Florence, and around 2% in Milan, Barcelona and Porto. The respective contribution to PM2.5 was calculated equal to 14% in Athens and from 1.3 to 2.4% in all other cities. High seasonal variability of contributions was observed, with dust transport events occurring at different periods in the western and eastern Mediterranean basin. Sea salt was mostly related to the coarse mode and also exhibited significant seasonal variability. Sea-salt concentrations were highest in Porto, with average relative contributions equal to 12.3% for PM10 . Contributions from uncontrolled forest fires were quantified only for Porto and were low on an annual basis (1.4 and 1.9% to PM10 and PM2.5 , respectively); nevertheless, contributions were greatly increased during events, reaching 20 and 22% of 24 h PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. AIRUSE-LIFE +: Estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Southern Europe. Implications to compliance with limit values.
- Author
-
Diapouli, Evangelia, Manousakas, Manousos I., Vratolis, Stergios, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Pateraki, Stella, Bairachtari, Kyriaki A., Xavier Querol, Fulvio Amato, Alastuey, Andrés, Karanasiou, Angeliki A., Lucarelli, Franco, Nava, Silvia, Calzolai, Giulia, Gianelle, Vorne L., Colombi, Cristina, Alves, Célia, Custódio, Danilo, Pio, Casimiro, Spyrou, Chris, and Kallos, George B.
- Abstract
Natural sources' contribution to ambient air particulate matter (PM) concentrations is often not considered; however, it may be significant for certain areas and during specific periods of the year. In the framework of the AIRUSE-LIFE+ project, state-of-the-art methods have been employed for assessing the contribution of major natural sources (African dust, sea salt and forest fires) to PM concentrations, in Southern European urban areas. 24 h measurements of PM
10 and PM2.5 mass and chemical composition were performed over the course of a year in five cities: Porto, Barcelona, Milan, Florence and Athens. Net African dust and sea salt concentrations were calculated based on the methodologies proposed by EC (SEC 2011/208). The contribution of uncontrolled forest fires was calculated through receptor modelling. Sensitivity analysis with respect to the calculation of African dust was also performed, in order to identify major parameters affecting the estimated net dust concentrations. African dust contribution to PM concentrations was more pronounced in Eastern Mediterranean, with the mean annual relative contribution to PM10 decreasing from 21% in Athens, to 5% in Florence, and around 2% in Milan, Barcelona and Porto. The respective contribution to PM2.5 was calculated equal to 14% in Athens and from 1.3 to 2.4% in all other cities. High seasonal variability of contributions was observed, with dust transport events occurring at different periods in the Western and Eastern Mediterranean basin. Sea salt was mostly related to the coarse mode and also exhibited significant seasonal variability. Sea salt concentrations were highest in Porto, with average relative contributions equal to 12.3% for PM10 . Contributions from uncontrolled forest fires were quantified only for Porto and were low on an annual basis (1.4% and 1.9% to PM10 and PM2.5 , respectively); nevertheless, contributions were greatly increased during events, reaching 20 and 22% of 24 h PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Source Apportionment and Assessment of Air Quality Index of PM 2.5–10 and PM 2.5 in at Two Different Sites in Urban Background Area in Senegal.
- Author
-
Kebe, Moustapha, Traore, Alassane, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Vasilatou, Vasiliki, Ndao, Ababacar Sadikhe, Wague, Ahmadou, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, and Alves, Célia
- Subjects
AIR quality indexes ,CITIES & towns ,PARTICULATE matter ,ATMOSPHERIC sciences ,DUST ,DESERTS ,MINERAL dusts - Abstract
Identifying the particulate matter (PM) sources is an essential step to assess PM effects on human health and understand PM's behavior in a specific environment. Information about the composition of the organic or/and inorganic fraction of PM is usually used for source apportionment studies. In this study that took place in Dakar, Senegal, the identification of the sources of two PM fractions was performed by utilizing data on the elemental composition and elemental carbon content. Four PM sources were identified using positive matrix factorization (PMF): Industrial emissions, mineral dust, traffic emissions, and sea salt/secondary sulfates. To assess the effect of PM on human health the air quality index (AQI) was estimated. The highest values of AQI are approximately 497 and 488, in Yoff and Hlm, respectively. The spatial location of the sources was investigated using potential source contribution function (PSCF). PSCF plots revealed the high effect of transported dust from the desert regions to PM concentration in the sampling site. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first source apportionment study on PM fractions published for Dakar, Senegal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Source apportionment of the oxidative potential of fine ambient particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in Athens, Greece.
- Author
-
Taghvaee S, Sowlat MH, Diapouli E, Manousakas MI, Vasilatou V, Eleftheriadis K, and Sioutas C
- Abstract
The main objective of this study was chemical characterization and source apportionment of the oxidative potential of ambient PM
2.5 samples collected in an urban background area in Athens, Greece. Ambient PM2.5 samples were collected during the summer (June-September) of 2017 and winter (February-March) of 2018 at a residential, urban background site in the outlying neighborhood of the Demokritos National Laboratory in Athens, Greece. The collected PM samples were analyzed for their chemical constituents including metals and trace elements, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC), and marker of biomass burning (i.e., levoglucosan). In addition, the DCFH in vitro assay was performed to determine the oxidative potential of the PM2.5 samples. We performed a series of statistical analyses, including Spearman rank-order correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and multi linear regression (MLR) to determine the most significant species (as source tracers) contributing to the oxidative potential of PM2.5 . Our findings revealed that the intrinsic (per PM mass) and extrinsic (per m3 of air volume) oxidative potentials of the collected ambient PM2.5 samples were significantly higher than those measured in many urban areas around the world. The results of the MLR analyses indicated that the major pollution sources contributing to the oxidative potential of ambient PM2.5 were vehicular emissions (characterized by EC) (44%), followed by secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation (characterized by WSOC) (16%), and biomass burning (characterized by levoglucosan) (9%). The oxidative potential of the collected ambient PM2.5 samples was also higher in summer compared to the winter, mainly due to higher concentrations of EC and WSOC during this season. Results from this study corroborate the impact of traffic and SOA on the oxidative potential of ambient PM2.5 in greater Athens area, and can be helpful in adopting appropriate public health policies regarding detrimental outcomes of exposure to PM2.5 ., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Characterization of PM 2.5 chemical composition at the Demokritos suburban station, in Athens Greece. The influence of Saharan dust.
- Author
-
Vasilatou V, Diapouli E, Abatzoglou D, Bakeas EB, Scoullos M, and Eleftheriadis K
- Subjects
- Africa, Northern, Greece, Humans, Particle Size, Particulate Matter, Air Pollutants analysis, Dust, Environmental Monitoring
- Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the atmospheric concentrations of selected major and trace elements and ions found in PM
2.5 , at a suburban site in Athens, Greece, and discuss on the impact of the different sources. Special focus is given to the influence of Saharan dust episodes. The seasonal variability in the metal and ion concentrations is also examined. The results show that PM2.5 mass concentrations are significantly influenced by Saharan dust events; it is observed that when the PM2.5 concentration is higher than 25 μg/m3 , five out of six times, the air mass crossed North Africa at an altitude within the boundary layer. Fe is found to be the element with the more significant seasonal variability, displaying much higher concentrations during cold period. The frequent Saharan dust intrusions in the cold period of this dataset may explain this result. Mineral dust and secondary aerosol are the main PM2.5 components (29 and 34%, respectively). During Saharan dust events, the concentration of mineral dust is increased by 35% compared to the days without dust intrusions, while an increase of 68% of the sea salt is also observed. During event days, PM2.5 concentrations are also increased by 14%. Anthropogenic components do not decrease during those days, while sulfate displays even a slight increase, suggesting enrichment of mineral dust with secondary sulfates. The results indicate that African dust intrusions add a rather significant PM pollution load even in the PM2.5 fraction, with implication to population exposure and human health.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.