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5. Microbiota and stress: a loop that impacts memory

Author

Kraimi, Narjis, Lormant, Flore, Calandreau, Ludovic, Kempf, Florent, Zemb, Olivier, Lemarchand, Julie, Constantin, Paul, Parias, Céline, Germain, Karine, Rabot, Sylvie, Philippe, Catherine, Foury, Aline, Moisan, Marie-Pierre, Carvalho, Anaïs Vitorino, Coustham, Vincent, Dardente, Hugues, Velge, Philippe, Chaumeil, Thierry, and Leterrier, Christine

Published
2022
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14. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Phage Collection against Avian-Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Author

Nicolas, Marianne, Trotereau, Angélina, Culot, Antoine, Moodley, Arshnee, Atterbury, Robert, Wagemans, Jeroen, Lavigne, Rob, Velge, Philippe, Schouler, Catherine, Nicolas, Marianne, Trotereau, Angélina, Culot, Antoine, Moodley, Arshnee, Atterbury, Robert, Wagemans, Jeroen, Lavigne, Rob, Velge, Philippe, and Schouler, Catherine

Abstract

The increase in antibiotic-resistant avian-pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), the causative agent of colibacillosis in poultry, warrants urgent research and the development of alternative therapies. This study describes the isolation and characterization of 19 genetically diverse, lytic coliphages, 8 of which were tested in combination for their efficacy in controlling in ovo APEC infections. Genome homology analysis revealed that the phages belong to nine different genera, one of them being a novel genus (Nouzillyvirus). One phage, REC, was derived from a recombination event between two Phapecoctavirus phages (ESCO5 and ESCO37) isolated in this study. Twenty-six of the 30 APEC strains tested were lysed by at least one phage. Phages exhibited varying infectious capacities, with narrow to broad host ranges. The broad host range of some phages could be partially explained by the presence of receptor-binding protein carrying a polysaccharidase domain. To demonstrate their therapeutic potential, a phage cocktail consisting of eight phages belonging to eight different genera was tested against BEN4358, an APEC O2 strain. In vitro, this phage cocktail fully inhibited the growth of BEN4358. In a chicken lethality embryo assay, the phage cocktail enabled 90% of phage-treated embryos to survive infection with BEN4358, compared with 0% of nontreated embryos, indicating that these novel phages are good candidates to successfully treat colibacillosis in poultry. IMPORTANCE Colibacillosis, the most common bacterial disease affecting poultry, is mainly treated by antibiotics. Due to the increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant avian-pathogenic Escherichia coli, there is an urgent need to assess the efficacy of alternatives to antibiotherapy, such as phage therapy. Here, we have isolated and characterized 19 coliphages that belong to nine phage genera. We showed that a combination of 8 of these phages was efficacious in vitro to control the growth of a clinical isolate of E

Published
2023

16. Inflammatory Responses Induced by the Monophasic Variant of Salmonella Typhimurium in Pigs Play a Role in the High Shedder Phenotype and Fecal Microbiota Composition

Author

Kempf, Florent, primary, Cordoni, Guido, additional, Chaussé, Anne-Marie, additional, Drumo, Rosanna, additional, Brown, Helen, additional, Horton, Daniel L., additional, Paboeuf, Frédéric, additional, Denis, Martine, additional, Velge, Philippe, additional, La Ragione, Roberto, additional, and Kerouanton, Annaëlle, additional

Published
2023
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17. The influences of microbial colonisation and germ-free status on the chicken TCRβ repertoire

Author

Dascalu, Stefan, primary, Preston, Stephen G., additional, Dixon, Robert J., additional, Flammer, Patrik G., additional, Fiddaman, Steven, additional, Boyd, Amy, additional, Sealy, Joshua E., additional, Sadeyen, Jean-Remy, additional, Kaspers, Bernd, additional, Velge, Philippe, additional, Iqbal, Munir, additional, Bonsall, Michael B., additional, and Smith, Adrian L., additional

Published
2023
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20. Comparative analysis of the caecal tonsil transcriptome in two chicken lines experimentally infected with Salmonella Enteritidis

Author

Cazals, Anaïs, primary, Rau, Andrea, additional, Estellé, Jordi, additional, Bruneau, Nicolas, additional, Coville, Jean-Luc, additional, Menanteau, Pierrette, additional, Rossignol, Marie-Noëlle, additional, Jardet, Deborah, additional, Bevilacqua, Claudia, additional, Bed’Hom, Bertrand, additional, Velge, Philippe, additional, and Calenge, Fanny, additional

Published
2022
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22. Comparative analysis of the caecal tonsil transcriptome in two hen lines experimentally infected withSalmonellaEnteritidis

Author

Cazals, Anaïs, primary, Rau, Andrea, additional, Estellé, Jordi, additional, Bruneau, Nicolas, additional, Coville, Jean-Luc, additional, Menanteau, Pierrette, additional, Rossignol, Marie-Noëlle, additional, Jardet, Deborah, additional, Bevilacqua, Claudia, additional, Bed’hom, Bertrand, additional, Velge, Philippe, additional, and Calenge, Fanny, additional

Published
2022
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23. Gut microbiota composition before infection determines the Salmonella super‐ and low‐shedder phenotypes in chicken

Author

Kempf, Florent, Menanteau, Pierrette, Rychlik, Ivan, Kubasová, Tereza, Trotereau, Jérôme, Virlogeux‐Payant, Isabelle, Schaeffer, Samantha, Schouler, Catherine, Drumo, Rosanna, Guitton, Edouard, Velge, Philippe, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Veterinary Research Institute [Brno] (VRI), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Transnational Emida project 'Difagh', Transnational Aniwha project 'AWAP', joint research program MoMIR-PPC ('One Health' European Joint Program), Czech Ministry of Education (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_025/0007404), and Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Bacterial Shedding, animal structures, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Biotechnology, Escherichia coli O157, digestive system, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Phenotype, Salmonella, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Animals, Chickens, Research Articles, Research Article
Abstract

Summary Heterogeneity of infection and extreme shedding patterns are common features of animal infectious diseases. Individual hosts that are super‐shedders are key targets for control strategies. Nevertheless, the mechanisms associated with the emergence of super‐shedders remain largely unknown. During chicken salmonellosis, a high heterogeneity of infection is observed when animal‐to‐animal cross‐contaminations and reinfections are reduced. We hypothesized that unlike super‐shedders, low‐shedders would be able to block the first Salmonella colonization thanks to a different gut microbiota. The present study demonstrates that (i) axenic and antibiotic‐treated chicks are more prone to become super‐shedders; (ii) super or low‐shedder phenotypes can be acquired through microbiota transfer; (iii) specific gut microbiota taxonomic features determine whether the chicks develop a low‐ and super‐shedder phenotype after Salmonella infection in isolator; (iv) partial protection can be conferred by inoculation of four commensal bacteria prior to Salmonella infection. This study demonstrates the key role plays by gut microbiota composition in the heterogeneity of infection and pave the way for developing predictive biomarkers and protective probiotics., The present study demonstrates that (i) axenic and antibiotic‐treated chicks are more prone to become super‐shedders; (ii) super or low‐shedder phenotypes can be acquired through microbiota transfer; (iii) specific gut microbiota taxonomic features determine whether the chicks develop a low‐ and super‐shedder phenotype after Salmonella infection in isolator; (iv) partial protection can be conferred by inoculation of four commensal bacteria prior to Salmonella infection. This study demonstrates the key role plays by gut microbiota composition in the heterogeneity of infection and pave the way for developing predictive biomarkers and protective probiotics.

Published
2020
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24. Two In Vivo Models to Study Salmonella Asymptomatic Carrier State in Chicks

Author

Velge, Philippe, Menanteau, Pierrette, Chaumeil, Thierry, Barilleau, Emilie, Trotereau, Jérôme, Virlogeux-Payant, Isabelle, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE, transnational Emida projects 'Healthy gut' and 'Difagh', Aniwha project 'AWAP', CASDAR E-Broilertrack n° 18ART1832, Ohad Gal-Mor, and European Project: 773830,H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,MoMIR-PPC (a component of European Joint Programme One Health) (2018)

Subjects
heterogeneity of infection, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, animal-animal transmission, carrier state, chicken models, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Salmonella infection
Abstract

chapitre 20; International audience; In chicken, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium, the two main serotypes isolated in human infections, can persist in the host organism for many weeks and up to many years without causing any symptoms. This persistence generally occurs after a short systemic infection that may either lead to death of very young birds or develop into cecal asymptomatic persistence, which is often accompanied by a high level of bacterial excretion, facilitating Salmonella transmission to counterparts. Here we describe two models of chick infection. The first model reproduces well the poultry infection in farm flocks. Numerous reinfections and animal-animal recontaminations occur leading to a high level of cecal colonization and fecal excretion in all chicks in the flock, over several weeks. In the second model, these animal reinfections and recontaminations are hampered leading to heterogeneity of infection characterized by the presence of low and super-shedders. This model allows for more mechanistic studies of Salmonella/chicks interactions as animal recontaminations are lowered.

Published
2022
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25. Tn-seq library, a tool to decrypt Salmonella gene function

Author

Trotereau, Jérôme, Jouan, Romain, Naquin, Delphine, Branger, Maxime, Velge, Philippe, Mergaert, P., Virlogeux-Payant, Isabelle, Chanteloup, Nathalie Katy, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Fédération de Recherche en Infectiologie (FéRI)

Subjects
[SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract

International audience; Numerous genomes are available in databases and one of the biggest challenges is to understand the function of each gene. In bacteria, transposon mutant libraries have long been used to identify genes important for bacterial survival, growth or virulence. Recent advances in high throughput sequencing now allow the screening of millions of mutants in a single or few experiments using methods such as TraDIS or Tn-seq. These methods are sensitive enough to detect small defects in mutant fitness and allow to study genes but also intergenic regions, promoter regions and essential protein domains in coding sequences if the library is saturated with transposon insertions. Here, we present the construction and the characterization of a saturated library in Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 virulent strain, which is commonly used in research laboratories. This library was obtained using the Himar1 transposon that randomly inserts into TA dinucleotides sites onto the genome. Transposon mutant library was sequenced with an Illumina NextSeq 500. After read mapping, further analyses were carried out with the TRANSIT software. These analyses confirmed saturation of the transposon mutant library both on the chromosome and the virulence plasmid. This allowed us to determine the essential genes and those providing advantage or disadvantage for bacterial growth. This Tn-seq library is now used in several research projects and is available to the scientific community through collaboration

Published
2022

26. DMP of the MoMIR-PPC project

Author

Velge Philippe

Subjects
modelling, chickens, MoMIR-PPC, microbiota, immune response, pigs, DMP
Abstract

JRP-MoMIR-PPC Final version of the DMP

Published
2021
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27. A genome scan for quantitative trait loci affecting the Salmonella carrier-state in the chicken

Author

Bumstead Nat, Baret Philippe V, Velge Philippe, Vignal Alain, Plisson-Petit Florence, Pitel Frédérique, Barrow Paul A, Marly José, Tilquin Pierre, and Beaumont Catherine

Subjects
fowl, genetic resistance, Salmonella, carrier-state, SLC11A1, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Selection for increased resistance to Salmonella colonisation and excretion could reduce the risk of foodborne Salmonella infection. In order to identify potential loci affecting resistance, differences in resistance were identified between the N and 61 inbred lines and two QTL research performed. In an F2 cross, the animals were inoculated at one week of age with Salmonella enteritidis and cloacal swabs were carried out 4 and 5 wk post inoculation (thereafter called CSW4F2 and CSW4F2) and caecal contamination (CAECF2) was assessed 1 week later. The animals from the (N × 61) × N backcross were inoculated at six weeks of age with Salmonella typhimurium and cloacal swabs were studied from wk 1 to 4 (thereafter called CSW1BC to CSW4BC). A total of 33 F2 and 46 backcross progeny were selectively genotyped for 103 and 135 microsatellite markers respectively. The analysis used least-squares-based and non-parametric interval mapping. Two genome-wise significant QTL were observed on Chromosome 1 for CSW2BC and on Chromosome 2 for CSW4F2, and four suggestive QTL for CSW5F2 on Chromosome 2, for CSW5F2 and CSW2BC on chromosome 5 and for CAECF2 on chromosome 16. These results suggest new regions of interest and the putative role of SAL1.

Published
2005
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28. The Salmonella containing vacuole is an environment adequate for the outer membrane protein PagN expression: PagN reveals its evasin function

Author

Holbert, Sébastien, Barilleau, Emilie, Koczerka, Michael, Grépinet, Olivier, Virlogeux-Payant, Isabelle, Velge, Philippe, Wiedemann, Agnès, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Société Française de Microbiologie, and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Evasin, Salmonella, PagN, Cytosolic replication, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract

International audience; Introduction and objectives: Salmonella Typhimurium is a facultative intracellular entero-pathogen that remains a risk to public health worldwide. The tools and strategies allowing it to invade and survive in host cells are numerous. Nowadays, it is the only pathogen able to invade host cells using both a trigger and a zipper mechanism, respectively depending on the Type 3 secretion system-1, encoded mainly on Salmonella pathogenicity island I, and of the two invasins Rck (Wiedemann et al. 2016) and PagN (Barilleau et al. 2021). Intracellularly, Salmonella are contained in a Salmonella containing vacuole (SCV) whose maturation leads to an acidic and low divalent-cation environment. Nevertheless, in the last decades several studies gave some evidence for a Salmonella escape from the early SCV, leading to cytosolic hyper replication of the pathogen. As PagN expression was previously shown to dependent on acidic pH and low divalent cation concentration (Lambert and Smith 2008), we explored the potential role of PagN in the SCV.Materials and methods: Gentamicin protection assays to determine adhesion, invasion and multiplication were performed in chinese hamster ovary epithelial cell line. PagN expression was evaluated at several time post-infection by western blot. SCV escaping was considered by two ways to discriminate cytosolic vs vacuolar Salmonella: 1) a gentamicine / chloroquine assay, 2) cytometry and microscopy based on a localization-reporting dual color fluorescent plasmidexpressed by Salmonella (Noster et al 2019). Salmonella wild-type, pagN mutant and the complemented strain were used. Lastly, intracellular expression of PagN was imaged through confocal microscopy.Results, discussion and conclusion: PagN is highly expressed by Salmonella Typhimurium in the SCV and a reduced escape of the pagN mutant was observed compared to the wild-type strain leading to a reduced replication of the mutant in the cytosol. The impact of these cytosolic replicative bacteria on reinfection in vivo remains to be evaluated as described recently (Chong et al 2021).

Published
2021

30. 16S rRNA microbial community analysis and relationship with Salmonella Super shedder status in pigs

Author

Cordoni, Guido, Horton, Daniel, Kerouanton, Annaëlle, Denis, Martine, Velge, Philippe, Kempf, Florent, Laroche, Béatrice, Brown, Holly, Kazakov, Dimitar, La Ragione, Roberto M, University of Surrey (UNIS), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES], Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dynamiques de populations multi-échelles pour des systèmes physiologiques (MUSCA), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cardiff University, Department of Computer Science [York], University of York [York, UK], This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 773830, European Project: 773830, H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,One Health EJP(2018), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Chanteloup, Nathalie Katy, and Promoting One Health in Europe through joint actions on foodborne zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance and emerging microbiological hazards. - One Health EJP - - H2020-SFS-2017-1 2018-01-01 - 2022-12-31 - 773830 - VALID

Subjects
Pig, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Salmonella, microbiota, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

31. Inoculation of four commensal bacteria in chicken has an impact on the gut microbiota composition, Salmonella colonisation and the immune response

Author

Kempf, Florent, Drumo, Rosanna, Chaussé, Anne-Marie, Kubasova, Tereza, Menanteau, Pierrette, Guitton, Edouard, Rychlik, Ivan, Velge, Philippe, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Veterinary Research Institute [Brno] (VRI), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, chicken, microbiota
Abstract

International audience; Aim: Many studies have revealed the importance of heterogeneous shedding levels in the context of infectious diseases. Individual hosts that excrete higher levels of pathogens (so-called super-shedders) are key targets for control strategies. However, the mechanisms associated with the emergence of super-shedders remain largely unknown. The development of a new infection model for chickens reared in isolator, where animal reinfections are greatly reduced, has allowed us to demonstrate that two main Salmonella Enteritidis shedding phenotypes can emerge within the same chicken genetic background. These phenotypes were designated as super- and low-shedder on the levels of Salmonella faecal excretion and caecal colonization. Methods and results: In this project, we analysed the parameters that could be responsible for these phenotypes, namely: 1- the modification of the virulence of the Salmonella strain during the asymptomatic carrier state ; 2- the faecal and caecal microbiota composition ; 3- the immune status of chicks measured in kinetic in blood. We also analysed the impact on these parameters of four commensal bacteria inoculated before infection. Conclusions: The data obtained showed the protective effect of the four commensal bacteria on Salmonella excretion and their major impact on gut microbiota composition and immune response.

Published
2021

35. Investigation of the role of the BAM complex and SurA chaperone in outer-membrane protein biogenesis and type III secretion system expression in Salmonella

Author

Fardini, Yann, Trotereau, Jerome, Bottreau, Elisabeth, Souchard, Charlene, Velge, Philippe, and Virlogeux-Payant, Isabelle

Subjects
Membrane proteins -- Physiological aspects, Membrane proteins -- Genetic aspects, Membrane proteins -- Research, Molecular chaperones -- Physiological aspects, Molecular chaperones -- Research, Salmonella -- Physiological aspects, Salmonella -- Genetic aspects, Salmonella -- Research, Secretion -- Physiological aspects, Secretion -- Genetic aspects, Secretion -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

In Escherichia coli, the assembly of outer-membrane proteins (OMP) requires the BAM complex and periplasmic chaperones, such as SurA or DegP. Previous work has suggested a potential link between OMP assembly and expression of the genes encoding type-III secretion systems. In order to test this hypothesis, we studied the role of the different lipoproteins of the BAM complex (i.e. BamB, BamC, BamD and BamE), and the periplasmic chaperones SurA and DegP, in these two phenotypes in Salmonella. Analysis of the corresponding deletion mutants showed that, as previously described with the [DELTA]bamB mutant, BamD, SurA and, to a lesser extent, BamE play a role in outer-membrane biogenesis in Salmonella Enteritidis, while the membrane was not notably disturbed in [DELTA]bamC and [DELTA]degP mutants. Interestingly, we found that BamD is not essential in Salmonella, unlike its homologues in Escherichia coil and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In contrast, BamD was the only protein required for full expression of T3SS-1 and flagella, as demonstrated by transcriptional analysis of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of these T3SSs. In line with this finding, bamD mutants showed a reduced secretion of effector proteins by these T3SSs, and a reduced ability to invade HT-29 cells. As [DELTA]surA and [DELTA]bamE mutants had lower levels of OMPs in their outer membrane, but showed no alteration in T3SS-1 and flagella expression, these results demonstrate the absence of a systematic link between an OMP assembly defect and the downregulation of T3SSs in Salmonella; therefore, this link appears to be related to a more specific mechanism that involves at least BamB and BamD.

Published
2009

37. Microbiota and stress: a loop that impacts memory

Author

Kraimi, Narjis, primary, Lormant, Flore, additional, Calandreau, Ludovic, additional, Kempf, Florent, additional, Zemb, Olivier, additional, Lemarchand, Julie, additional, Constantin, Paul, additional, Parias, Céline, additional, Germain, Karine, additional, Dupont, Christèle, additional, Rabot, Sylvie, additional, Philippe, Catherine, additional, Foury, Aline, additional, Moisan, Marie-Pierre, additional, Carvalho, Anaïs Vitorino, additional, Coustham, Vincent, additional, Dardente, Hugues, additional, Velge, Philippe, additional, Cousin, Patrice, additional, Chaumeil, Thierry, additional, and Leterrier, Christine, additional

Published
2021
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38. Faecal gut microbiota composition determines susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis primo-colonization

Author

Kempf, Florent, Menanteau, Pierrette, Rychlik, Ivan, Drumo, Rosanna, Caballero, Ignacio, Guitton, Edouard, Velge, Philippe, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Veterinary Research Institute [Brno] (VRI), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 773830, Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and European Project: 773830, H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,One Health EJP(2018)

Subjects
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract

International audience; The MoMIR-PPC project:The project aims to develop new approaches to predict, identify and prevent the appearance of animal and human super-shedders based on immune response and gut microbiota (GM) composition. The project focuses on four objectives. 1-Decipher why some animals become super-shedders or human become chronic carriers. 2-Identify immune and microbiota biomarkers to detect super-shedders and/ or prolonged carriers. 3-Define preventive and control measures by the characterisation of prebiotics, probiotics and nutraceutical products. 4-Develop mathematical models to provide new risk management tools and a pool of biosecurity measures at the farm levels. For this purpose, we have focused our research on Salmonella infections, which are an important economic and public health problem worldwide. Our INRA project:The development of a new infection model in isolator, where animal reinfections are greatly reduced, demonstrated that two main shedding phenotypes may emerge within a same chicken genetic background. Depending on the levels of Salmonella faecal excretion and caecal colonization levels, we may define the super- and low-shedder categories. In this project, we analysed the role of 1-gut microbiota, 2-immune status of chicks, 3-virulence of Salmonella strains.Metabarcoding characterization showed that GM composition before infection partly determined the levels of Salmonella colonization. Consistent with this idea, the transfer of GM, collected before infection from individuals that later developed the super-shedding syndrome yielded to the development of the super-shedder phenotype. In the same way, the transplantation of GM taken from adults, which are more resistant than chicks, can transfer resistance to Salmonella colonization. The analysis of GM composition before and after infection revealed significant differences among super and low-shedder chicks.In conclusion, some gut bacteria present before infection in low-shedder animals could be used as protective probiotics or as biomarkers. These results also suggest that Salmonella colonization is inhibited and/or promoted by a subset of microbes naturally found, before Salmonella colonization, in varying abundances within the GM.

Published
2020

39. Metagenomic analysis of the pig gut microbiota and association with Salmonella status

Author

Cordoni, Guido, Horton, Daniel, Brown, Helen, Chirullo, Barbara, Pasquali, Paolo, Kerouanton, Annaëlle, Denis, Martine, Alborali, Loris, Tonni, Matteo, Velge, Philippe, La Ragione, Roberto M, University of Surrey (UNIS), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES], Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 773830, H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,One Health EJP(2018), University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and European Project: 773830

Subjects
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

44. Impact of Host Genetics on Caecal Microbiota Composition and on Salmonella Carriage in Chicken

Author

Cazals, Anaïs, primary, ESTELLÉ, Jordi, additional, BRUNEAU, Nicolas, additional, COVILLE, Jean-Luc, additional, MENANTEAU, Pierrette, additional, ROSSIGNOL, Marie-Noëlle, additional, JARDET, Deborah, additional, BEVILACQUA, Claudia, additional, RAU, Andrea, additional, BED’HOM, Bertrand, additional, VELGE, Philippe, additional, and CALENGE, Fanny, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
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48. Microbiote et résistance du poulet aux salmonelles

Author

Velge, Philippe, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT)

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2019

49. Faecal gut microbiota composition of chicks can predict resistance to Salmonella Enteritidis colonization

Author

Kempf, Florent, Menanteau, Pierrette, Rychlik, Ivan, Guitton, Edouard, Trotereau, Jérôme, Virlogeux-Payant, Isabelle, Velge, Philippe, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Veterinary Research Institute, Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Gordon Research Conferences (GRC). USA., and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, microbiote, Salmonella, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, portage, super-excréteurs, poussins, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

50. Faecal gut microbiota composition of chicks can predict resistance to Salmonella Enteritidis colonization

Author

Velge, Philippe, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, and Intestinal Health Scientific Interest Group.

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

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