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1. Curative therapies are superior to standard of care (transarterial chemoembolization) for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Pecorelli A, Lenzi B, Gramenzi A, Garuti F, Farinati F, Giannini EG, Ciccarese F, Piscaglia F, Rapaccini GL, Di Marco M, Caturelli E, Zoli M, Borzio F, Sacco R, Cabibbo G, Felder M, Morisco F, Gasbarrini A, Baroni GS, Foschi FG, Biasini E, Masotto A, Virdone R, Bernardi M, Trevisani F, Bolondi L, Biselli M, Bucci L, Caraceni P, Cucchetti A, Domenicali M, Venerandi L, Giacomin A, Maddalo G, Pozzan C, Vani V, Poggio PD, Olmi S, Balsamo C, Vavassori E, Benvegnù L, Cappelli A, Golfieri R, Mosconi C, Renzulli M, Bosco G, Roselli P, Dell'Isola S, Ialungo AM, Bruzzone L, Picciotto A, Marenco S, Risso D, Sammito G, Savarino V, Cammà C, Maida M, Costantino A, Barcellona MR, Affronti A, Mega A, Rinninella E, Mismas V, Cappa FM, Dall'Aglio AC, Feletti V, Lanzi A, Neri E, Stefanini GF, Tamberi S, Missale G, Porro E, Guarino M, Gemini S, Schiadà L, for the Italian LiverCancer (ITA. LI. CA) group, Donatella Magalotti, Carla Serra, Pecorelli A, Lenzi B, Gramenzi A, Garuti F, Farinati F, Giannini EG, Ciccarese F, Piscaglia F, Rapaccini GL, Di Marco M, Caturelli E, Zoli M, Borzio F, Sacco R, Cabibbo G, Felder M, Morisco F, Gasbarrini A, Baroni GS, Foschi FG, Biasini E, Masotto A, Virdone R, Bernardi M, Trevisani F, Bolondi L, Biselli M, Bucci L, Caraceni P, Cucchetti A, Domenicali M, Magalotti D, Serra C, Venerandi L, Giacomin A, Maddalo G, Pozzan C, Vani V, Poggio PD, Olmi S, Balsamo C, Vavassori E, Benvegnù L, Cappelli A, Golfieri R, Mosconi C, Renzulli M, Bosco G, Roselli P, Dell'Isola S, Ialungo AM, Bruzzone L, Picciotto A, Marenco S, Risso D, Sammito G, Savarino V, Cammà C, Maida M, Costantino A, Barcellona MR, Affronti A, Mega A, Rinninella E, Mismas V, Cappa FM, Dall'Aglio AC, Feletti V, Lanzi A, Neri E, Stefanini GF, Tamberi S, Missale G, Porro E, Guarino M, Gemini S, Schiadà L, Pecorelli, A., Lenzi, B., Gramenzi, A., Garuti, F., Farinati, F., Giannini, E. G., Ciccarese, F., Piscaglia, F., Rapaccini, G. L., Di Marco, M., Caturelli, E., Zoli, M., Borzio, F., Sacco, R., Cabibbo, G., Felder, M., Morisco, F., Gasbarrini, A., Baroni, G. S., Foschi, F. G., Biasini, E., Masotto, A., Virdone, R., Bernardi, M., Trevisani, F., Bolondi, L., Biselli, M., Bucci, L., Caraceni, P., Cucchetti, A., Domenicali, M., Magalotti, D., Serra, C., Venerandi, L., Giacomin, A., Maddalo, G., Pozzan, C., Vani, V., Poggio, P. D., Olmi, S., Balsamo, C., Vavassori, E., Benvegnu, L., Cappelli, A., Golfieri, R., Mosconi, C., Renzulli, M., Bosco, G., Roselli, P., Dell'Isola, S., Ialungo, A. M., Bruzzone, L., Picciotto, A., Marenco, S., Risso, D., Sammito, G., Savarino, V., Camma, C., Maida, M., Costantino, A., Barcellona, M. R., Affronti, A., Mega, A., Rinninella, E., Mismas, V., Cappa, F. M., Dall'Aglio, A. C., Feletti, V., Lanzi, A., Neri, E., Stefanini, G. F., Tamberi, S., Missale, G., Porro, E., Guarino, M., Gemini, S., Schiada, L., Pecorelli, Anna, Lenzi, Barbara, Gramenzi, Annagiulia, Garuti, Francesca, Farinati, Fabio, Giannini, Edoardo G, Ciccarese, Francesca, Piscaglia, Fabio, Rapaccini, Gian Lodovico, Di Marco, Maria, Caturelli, Eugenio, Zoli, Marco, Borzio, Franco, Sacco, Rodolfo, Cabibbo, Giuseppe, Felder, Martina, Morisco, Filomena, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Baroni, Gianluca Svegliati, Foschi, Francesco G, Biasini, Elisabetta, Masotto, Alberto, Virdone, Roberto, Bernardi, Mauro, and Trevisani, Franco

Subjects
Sorafenib, Male, Niacinamide, medicine.medical_specialty, Standard of care, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Antineoplastic Agents, Gastroenterology, Intermediate stage, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, HCC, BCLC-B, Treatment, Hepatology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Chemoembolization, Therapeutic, Propensity Score, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, intermediate stage, treatment, business.industry, Patient Selection, Phenylurea Compounds, Liver Neoplasms, Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA, Standard of Care, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Propensity score matching, Multivariate Analysis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Liver function, Liver cancer, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background and aims the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer intermediate stage (BCLC-B) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) includes extremely heterogeneous patients in terms of tumor burden and liver function. Transarterial-chemoembolization (TACE) is the first-line treatment for these patients although it may be risky/useless for someone, while others could undergo curative treatments. This study assesses the treatment type performed in a large cohort of BCLC-B patients and its outcome. Methods retrospective analysis of 485 consecutive BCLC-B patients from the ITA.LI.CA database diagnosed with naive HCC after 1999. Patients were stratified by treatment. Results 29 patients (6%) were lost to follow-up before receiving treatment. Treatment distribution was: TACE (233, 51.1%), curative treatments (145 patients, 31.8%), sorafenib (18, 3.9%), other (39, 8.5%), best supportive care (BSC) (21, 4.6%). Median survival (95% CI) was 45 months (37.4-52.7) for curative treatments, 30 (24.7-35.3) for TACE, 14 (10.5-17.5) for sorafenib, 14 (5.2-22.7) for other treatments and 10 (6.0-14.2) for BSC (p

Published
2017

2. Laser ablation is superior to TACE in large-sized hepatocellular carcinoma: A pilot case-control study

Author

Morisco, Filomena, Camera, Silvia, Guarino, Maria, Tortora, Raffaella, Cossiga, Valentina, Vitiello, Anna, Cordone, Gabriella, Caporaso, Nicola, Di Costanzo, Giovan Giuseppe, Zoli, M., Garuti, F., Neri, A., Piscaglia, F., Lenzi, B., Valente, M., Trevisani, F., Bolondi, L., Biselli, M., Caraceni, P., Cucchetti, A., Domenicali, M., Gramenzi, A., Magalotti, D., Serra, C., Venerandi, L., Cappelli, A., Golfieri, R., Mosconi, C., Renzulli, M., Giannini, E. G., Brunacci, M., Moscatelli, A., Pellegatta, G., Savarino, V., Caturelli, E., Roselli, P., Lauria, V., Pelecca, G., Dell'Isola, S., Ialungo, A. M., Rastrelli, E., Cabibbo, G., Cammà, C., Attardo, S., Rossi, M., Cavani, G., Virdone, R., Affronti, A., Nardone, G., Felder, M., Mega, A., Ciccarese, F., Del Poggio, P., Olmi, S., Foschi, F. G., Bevilacqua, V., Dall'Aglio, A. C., Ercolani, G., Fiorini, E., Casadei Gardini, A., Lanzi, A., Mirici Cappa, F., Sacco, R., Mismas, V., Svegliati Barone, G., Schiadà, L., Farinati, F., Gazzola, A., Murer, F., Pozzan, C., Vanin, V., Rapaccini, G. L., de Matthaeis, N., Gasbarrini, A., Rinninella, E., Olivani, A., Missale, G., Biasini, E., Di Marco, M., Balsamo, C., Vavassori, E., Masotto, A., Marchetti, F., Valerio, M., Marra, F., Aburas, S., Campani, C., Dragoni, G., Borzio, F., Benvegnù, L., Festi, D., Marasco, Giovanni, Ravaioli, Federico, Morisco, Filomena, Camera, Silvia, Guarino, Maria, Tortora, Raffaella, Cossiga, Valentina, Vitiello, Anna, Cordone, Gabriella, Caporaso, Nicola, Di Costanzo, Giovan Giuseppe, Zoli, M., Garuti, F., Neri, A., Piscaglia, F., Lenzi, B., Valente, M., Trevisani, F., Bolondi, L., Biselli, M., Caraceni, P., Cucchetti, A., Domenicali, M., Gramenzi, A., Magalotti, D., Serra, C., Venerandi, L., Cappelli, A., Golfieri, R., Mosconi, C., Renzulli, M., Giannini, E.G., Brunacci, M., Moscatelli, A., Pellegatta, G., Savarino, V., Caturelli, E., Roselli, P., Lauria, V., Pelecca, G., Dell'Isola, S., Ialungo, A.M., Rastrelli, E., Cabibbo, G., Cammà, C., Attardo, S., Rossi, M., Cavani, G., Virdone, R., Affronti, A., Nardone, G., Felder, M., Mega, A., Ciccarese, F., Del Poggio, P., Olmi, S., Foschi, F.G., Bevilacqua, V., Dall'Aglio, A.C., Ercolani, G., Fiorini, E., Casadei Gardini, A., Lanzi, A., Mirici Cappa, F., Sacco, R., Mismas, V., Svegliati Barone, G., Schiadà, L., Farinati, F., Gazzola, A., Murer, F., Pozzan, C., Vanin, V., Rapaccini, G.L., de Matthaeis, N., Gasbarrini, A., Rinninella, E., Olivani, A., Missale, G., Biasini, E., Di Marco, M., Balsamo, C., Vavassori, E., Masotto, A., Marchetti, F., Valerio, M., Marra, F., Aburas, S., Campani, C., Dragoni, G., Borzio, F., Benvegnù, L., Festi, D., Marasco, Giovanni, Ravaioli, Federico, Giannini, E. G., Ialungo, A. M., Foschi, F. G., Dall'Aglio, A. C., Rapaccini, G. L., Garuti, Franca, Venerandi, Laura, Mega, Angela, Fiorini, Elisabetta, Lanzi, Andrea, and Balsamo, Carlo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Large HCC, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Survival rate, Laser ablation, TACE, Univariate analysis, business.industry, Standard treatment, Large HCC, Laser ablation, TACE, Oncology, Cancer, Hepatology, medicine.disease, BCLC Stage, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Liver cancer, business, Research Paper
Abstract

// Filomena Morisco 1 , Silvia Camera 1 , Maria Guarino 1 , Raffaella Tortora 2 , Valentina Cossiga 1 , Anna Vitiello 1 , Gabriella Cordone 2 , Nicola Caporaso 1 , Giovan Giuseppe Di Costanzo 2 and Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) group 1 Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy 2 Hepatology Unit, “Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy Correspondence to: Filomena Morisco, email: filomena.morisco@unina.it Keywords: large HCC; laser ablation; TACE Received: December 13, 2017 Accepted: February 27, 2018 Published: April 03, 2018 ABSTRACT Background: Limited therapies are available for large (≥40 mm) unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, the standard treatment with transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is unsatisfactory with high recurrence rate and limited effect on survival. Laser Ablation (LA) has emerged as a relatively new technique characterized by high efficacy and good safety. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LA in comparison to TACE in patients with large HCC. Methods: Eighty-two patients with a single HCC nodule ≥40 mm (BCLC stage A or B) were enrolled in this case-control study. Forty-one patients were treated with LA and 41 patients were treated with TACE. Response to therapy was evaluated according to the mRECIST criteria. Survival was calculated with Kaplan-Meier from the time of cancer diagnosis to death with values censored at the date of the last follow-up. Results: Twenty-six (63.4%) and 8 (19.5%) patients had a complete response after LA and TACE, respectively ( p 60 mm. LA resulted superior to TACE especially in nodules ranging between 51 and 60 mm in diameter, with a complete response rate post-LA and post-TACE of 75% and 14.3%, respectively ( p = 0.0133). The 36 months cumulative survival rate in patients treated with LA and TACE was 55.4% and 48.8%, respectively. The disease recurrence rates after LA and TACE were 19.5% and 75.0%, respectively. Conclusions: LA is a more effective therapeutic option than TACE in patients with solitary large HCC.

Published
2018

6. Clinical patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A multicenter prospective study

Author

Piscaglia, Fabio, Svegliati Baroni, Gianluca, Barchetti, Andrea, Pecorelli, Anna, Marinelli, Sara, Tiribelli, Claudio, Bellentani, Stefano, Bernardi M, Biselli M, Bernardi M, Biselli M, Caraceni P, Domenicali M, Garuti F, Gramenzi A, Lenzi B, Magalotti D, Cescon M, Ravaioli M, Del Poggio P, Olmi S, Rapaccini GL, Balsamo C, Di Nolfo MA, Vavassori E, Alberti A, Benvegnù L, Gatta A, Giacomin A, Vanin V, Pozzan C, Maddalo G, Giampalma E, Cappelli A, Golfieri R, Mosconi C, Renzulli M, Roselli P, Dell'Isola S, Ialungo AM, Risso D, Marenco S, Sammito G, Bruzzone L, Bosco G, Grieco A, Pompili M, Rinninella E, Siciliano M, Chiaramonte M, Guarino M, Cammà C, Maida M, Costantino A, Barcellona MR, Schiadà L, Gemini S, Lanzi A, Stefanini GF, Dall'Aglio AC, Cappa FM, Suzzi A, Mussetto A, Treossi O, Missale G, Porro E, Mismas V, Vivaldi C, Bolondi L, Zoli M, Granito A, Malagotti D, Tovoli F, Trevisani F, Venerandi L, Brandi G, Cucchetti A, Bugianesi E, Vanni E, Mezzabotta L, Cabibbo G, Petta S, Fracanzani A, Fargion S, Marra F, Fani B, Biasini E, Sacco R, CAPORASO, NICOLA, Colombo M, D'Ambrosio R, Crocè LS, Patti R, Giannini EG, Loria P, Lonardo A, Baldelli E, Miele L, Farinati F, Borzio M, Dionigi E, Soardo G, Caturelli E, Ciccarese F, Virdone R, Affronti A, Foschi FG, Borzio F., MORISCO, FILOMENA, Piscaglia, Fabio, Svegliati Baroni, Gianluca, Barchetti, Andrea, Pecorelli, Anna, Marinelli, Sara, Tiribelli, Claudio, Bellentani, Stefano, Bernardi M, Biselli M, Bernardi, M, Biselli, M, Caraceni, P, Domenicali, M, Garuti, F, Gramenzi, A, Lenzi, B, Magalotti, D, Cescon, M, Ravaioli, M, Del Poggio, P, Olmi, S, Rapaccini, Gl, Balsamo, C, Di Nolfo, Ma, Vavassori, E, Alberti, A, Benvegnù, L, Gatta, A, Giacomin, A, Vanin, V, Pozzan, C, Maddalo, G, Giampalma, E, Cappelli, A, Golfieri, R, Mosconi, C, Renzulli, M, Roselli, P, Dell'Isola, S, Ialungo, Am, Risso, D, Marenco, S, Sammito, G, Bruzzone, L, Bosco, G, Grieco, A, Pompili, M, Rinninella, E, Siciliano, M, Chiaramonte, M, Guarino, M, Cammà, C, Maida, M, Costantino, A, Barcellona, Mr, Schiadà, L, Gemini, S, Lanzi, A, Stefanini, Gf, Dall'Aglio, Ac, Cappa, Fm, Suzzi, A, Mussetto, A, Treossi, O, Missale, G, Porro, E, Mismas, V, Vivaldi, C, Bolondi, L, Zoli, M, Granito, A, Malagotti, D, Tovoli, F, Trevisani, F, Venerandi, L, Brandi, G, Cucchetti, A, Bugianesi, E, Vanni, E, Mezzabotta, L, Cabibbo, G, Petta, S, Fracanzani, A, Fargion, S, Marra, F, Fani, B, Biasini, E, Sacco, R, Morisco, Filomena, Caporaso, Nicola, Colombo, M, D'Ambrosio, R, Crocè, L, Patti, R, Giannini, Eg, Loria, P, Lonardo, A, Baldelli, E, Miele, L, Farinati, F, Borzio, M, Dionigi, E, Soardo, G, Caturelli, E, Ciccarese, F, Virdone, R, Affronti, A, Foschi, Fg, Borzio, F., Fabio Piscagliaxxx, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni, Andrea Barchetti, Anna Pecorellixxx, Sara Marinellixxx, Claudio Tiribelli, and, Stefano Bellentani, on behalf of the HCC-NAFLD Italian Study Group [, Mauro Bernardi, Maurizio Biselli, Paolo Caraceni, Marco Domenicali, Francesca Garuti, Annagiulia Gramenzi, Barbara Lenzi, Donatella Magalotti, Matteo Cescon, Matteo Ravaioli, Emanuela Giampalma, Rita Golfieri, Cristina Mosconi, Luigi Bolondi, Marco Zoli, Alessandro Granito, Francesco Tovoli, Franco Trevisani, Laura Venerandi, Giovanni Brandi, Alessandro Cucchetti, ], DIPARTIMENTO DI MEDICINA SPECIALISTICA, DIAGNOSTICA E SPERIMENTALE, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE MEDICHE E CHIRURGICHE, Facolta' di MEDICINA e CHIRURGIA, AREA MIN. 06 - Scienze mediche, Da definire, Croce', Saveria, and HCC NAFLD Italian Study, Group

Subjects
Male, Cirrhosis, Survival, Chronic liver disease, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 80 and over, Prospective Studies, Chronic, Prospective cohort study, Aged, 80 and over, Medicine (all), Liver Neoplasms, hepatocellular carcinoma, Middle Aged, Hepatitis C, Liver Neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Competing risk analysi, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Non Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis=NASH, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Aged, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Humans, Hepatology, Competing risk analysis, Milan criteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Survival rate, business.industry, Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA, Carcinoma, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Hepatocellular, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, clinical patterns, business, clinical patterns
Abstract

none 31 no Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and may evolve into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Only scanty clinical information is available on HCC in NAFLD. The aim of this multicenter observational prospective study was to assess the clinical features of patients with NAFLD-related HCC (NAFLD-HCC) and to compare them to those of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC. A total of 756 patients with either NAFLD (145) or HCV-related chronic liver disease (611) were enrolled in secondary care Italian centers. Survival was modeled according to clinical parameters, lead-time bias, and propensity analysis. Compared to HCV, HCC in NAFLD patients had a larger volume, showed more often an infiltrative pattern, and was detected outside specific surveillance. Cirrhosis was present in only about 50% of NAFLD-HCC patients, in contrast to the near totality of HCV-HCC. Regardless of tumor stage, survival was significantly shorter (P = 0.017) in patients with NAFLD-HCC, 25.5 months (95% confidence interval 21.9-29.1), than in those with HCV-HCC, 33.7 months (95% confidence interval 31.9-35.4). To eliminate possible confounders, a propensity score analysis was performed, which showed no more significant difference between the two groups. Additionally, analysis of patients within Milan criteria submitted to curative treatments did not show any difference in survival between NAFLD-HCC and HCV-HCC (respectively, 38.6 versus 41.0 months, P = nonsignificant) CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD-HCC is more often detected at a later tumor stage and could arise also in the absence of cirrhosis, but after patient matching, it has a similar survival rate compared to HCV infection; a future challenge will be to identify patients with NAFLD who require more stringent surveillance in order to offer the most timely and effective treatment. Fabio Piscagliaxxx; Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni; Andrea Barchetti; Anna Pecorellixxx; Sara Marinellixxx; Claudio Tiribelli; and; Stefano Bellentani; on behalf of the HCC-NAFLD Italian Study Group [;Mauro Bernardi; Maurizio Biselli; Paolo Caraceni; Marco Domenicali; Francesca Garuti; Annagiulia Gramenzi; Barbara Lenzi; Donatella Magalotti; Matteo Cescon; Matteo Ravaioli; Emanuela Giampalma; Rita Golfieri; Cristina Mosconi; Luigi Bolondi; Marco Zoli; Alessandro Granito; Francesco Tovoli; Franco Trevisani; Laura Venerandi; Giovanni Brandi; Alessandro Cucchetti;] Fabio Piscagliaxxx; Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni; Andrea Barchetti; Anna Pecorellixxx; Sara Marinellixxx; Claudio Tiribelli; and; Stefano Bellentani; on behalf of the HCC-NAFLD Italian Study Group [;Mauro Bernardi; Maurizio Biselli; Paolo Caraceni; Marco Domenicali; Francesca Garuti; Annagiulia Gramenzi; Barbara Lenzi; Donatella Magalotti; Matteo Cescon; Matteo Ravaioli; Emanuela Giampalma; Rita Golfieri; Cristina Mosconi; Luigi Bolondi; Marco Zoli; Alessandro Granito; Francesco Tovoli; Franco Trevisani; Laura Venerandi; Giovanni Brandi; Alessandro Cucchetti;]

Published
2016

8. Estimation of lead-time bias and its impact on the outcome of surveillance for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Cucchetti A., Trevisani F., Pecorelli A., Erroi V., Farinati F., Ciccarese F., Rapaccini G. L., Di Marco M., Caturelli E., Giannini E. G., Zoli M., Borzio F., Cabibbo G., Felder M., Gasbarrini A., Sacco R., Foschi F. G., Missale G., Morisco F., Baroni G. S., Virdone R., Bernardi M., Pinna A. D., Bolondi L., Biselli M., Caraceni P., Garuti F., Gramenzi A., Lenzi B., Magalotti D., Piscaglia F., Serra C., Ravaioli M., Venerandi L., Del Poggio P., Olmi S., Balsamo C., Di Nolfo M. A., Vavassori E., Alberti A., Benvegnu L., Gatta A., Giacomin A., Vanin V., Pozzan C., Maddalo G., Giampalma E., Cappelli A., Golfieri R., Mosconi C., Renzulli M., Dell'Isola S., Ialungo A. M., Roselli P., Risso D., Marenco S., Sammito G., Bruzzone L., Bosco G., Grieco A., Pompili M., Rinninella E., Siciliano M., Chiaramonte M., Guarino M., Camma C., Maida M., Di Martino A., Barcellona M. R., Schiada L., Gemini S., Biasini E., Porro E., del Ricambio M., Mismas V., Vivaldi C., Cucchetti, A, Trevisani, F, Pecorelli, A, Erroi, V, Farinati, F, Ciccarese, F, Rapaccini, Gl, Di Marco, M, Caturelli, E, Giannini, Eg, Zoli, M, Borzio, F, Cabibbo, G, Felder, M, Gasbarrini, A, Sacco, R, Foschi, Fg, Missale, G, Morisco, Filomena, Baroni, G, Virdone, R, Bernardi, M, Pinna, Ad, Italian Liver Cancer, Group, Alessandro, Cucchetti, Franco, Trevisani, Anna, Pecorelli, Virginia, Erroi, Fabio, Farinati, Francesca, Ciccarese, Gian, Lodovico Rapaccini, Mariella Di, Marco, Eugenio, Caturelli, Edoardo, G. Giannini, Marco, Zoli, Franco, Borzio, Giuseppe, Cabibbo, Martina, Felder, Antonio, Gasbarrini, Rodolfo, Sacco, Francesco, Giuseppe Foschi, Gabriele, Missale, Filomena, Morisco, Gianluca, Svegliati Baroni, Roberto, Virdone, Mauro, Bernardi, Antonio D., Pinna, for the Italian Liver Cancer Group [.., Bolondi, Luigi, Maurizio, Biselli, Piscaglia, Fabio, ]., Cucchetti, A., Trevisani, F., Pecorelli, A., Erroi, V., Farinati, F., Ciccarese, F., Rapaccini, G. L., Di Marco, M., Caturelli, E., Giannini, E. G., Zoli, M., Borzio, F., Cabibbo, G., Felder, M., Gasbarrini, A., Sacco, R., Foschi, F. G., Missale, G., Morisco, F., Baroni, G. S., Virdone, R., Bernardi, M., Pinna, A. D., Bolondi, L., Biselli, M., Caraceni, P., Garuti, F., Gramenzi, A., Lenzi, B., Magalotti, D., Piscaglia, F., Serra, C., Ravaioli, M., Venerandi, L., Del Poggio, P., Olmi, S., Balsamo, C., Di Nolfo, M. A., Vavassori, E., Alberti, A., Benvegnu, L., Gatta, A., Giacomin, A., Vanin, V., Pozzan, C., Maddalo, G., Giampalma, E., Cappelli, A., Golfieri, R., Mosconi, C., Renzulli, M., Dell'Isola, S., Ialungo, A. M., Roselli, P., Risso, D., Marenco, S., Sammito, G., Bruzzone, L., Bosco, G., Grieco, A., Pompili, M., Rinninella, E., Siciliano, M., Chiaramonte, M., Guarino, M., Camma, C., Maida, M., Di Martino, A., Barcellona, M. R., Schiada, L., Gemini, S., Biasini, E., Porro, E., del Ricambio, M., Mismas, V., and Vivaldi, C.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Time Factors, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, Disease, Gastroenterology, Bias, Internal medicine, Overall survival, medicine, Humans, Early Detection of Cancer, Aged, Estimation, Surveillance, Hepatology, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Lead time bias, Cirrhosis, Female, business, Lead-time bias, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Lead-time is the time by which diagnosis is anticipated by screening/surveillance with respect to the symptomatic detection of a disease. Any screening program, including surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is subject to lead-time bias. Data regarding lead-time for HCC are lacking. Aims of the present study were to calculate lead-time and to assess its impact on the benefit obtainable from the surveillance of cirrhotic patients. Background & Aims: Lead-time is the time by which diagnosis is anticipated by screening/surveillance with respect to the symptomatic detection of a disease. Any screening program, including surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is subject to lead-time bias. Data regarding lead-time for HCC are lacking. Aims of the present study were to calculate lead-time and to assess its impact on the benefit obtainable from the surveillance of cirrhotic patients. Methods: One-thousand three-hundred and eighty Child–Pugh class A/B patients from the ITA.LI.CA database, in whom HCC was detected during semiannual surveillance (n = 850), annual surveillance (n = 234) or when patients came when symptomatic (n = 296), were selected. Lead-time was estimated by means of appropriate formulas and Monte Carlo simulation, including 1000 patients for each arm. Results: The 5-year overall survival after HCC diagnosis was 32.7% in semiannually surveilled patients, 25.2% in annually surveilled patients, and 12.2% in symptomatic patients (p

Published
2014

11. Rapid, marked wash out at contrast-enhanced ultrasound in nodules in cirrhosis should raise the suspicion of cholangiocarcinoma

Author

Galassi M, Piscaglia F, Lucidi V, Renzulli M, Cescon M, Venerandi L, Corbelli J, Vasuri F, Golfieri R, Bolondi L, and Galassi M, Piscaglia F, Lucidi V, Renzulli M, Cescon M, Venerandi L, Corbelli J, Vasuri F, Golfieri R, Bolondi L

Subjects
Cholangiocarcinoma, misdiagnosing, CEUS, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, HCC, CCC
Published
2011

15. Appearance of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis at contrast enhanced imaging techniques

Author

Sagrini, E., primary, Iavarone, M., additional, Vavassori, S., additional, Stefanini, F., additional, Maggioni, M., additional, Renzulli, M., additional, Venerandi, L., additional, Galassi, M., additional, Pettinari, I., additional, Pecorelli, A., additional, Colombo, M., additional, Bolondi, L., additional, and Piscaglia, F., additional

Published
2014
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20. 109 CLINICAL VALIDATION OF A SUB-STAGING PROPOSAL OF PATIENTS WITH INTERMEDIATE HCC (BCLC-B)

Author

Piscaglia, F., primary, Pecorelli, A., additional, Venerandi, L., additional, Farinati, F., additional, Del Poggio, P., additional, Rapaccini, G., additional, Di Nolfo, M.A., additional, Benvegnù, L., additional, Zoli, M., additional, Borzio, F., additional, Giannini, E.G., additional, Caturelli, E., additional, Chiaramonte, M., additional, Trevisani, F., additional, and Bolondi, L., additional

Published
2013
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22. OC-15 Clinical validation of a sub-staging proposal of patients with intermediate HCC (BCLC-B)

Author

Pecorelli, A., primary, Piscaglia, F., additional, Venerandi, L., additional, Farinati, F., additional, Del Poggio, P., additional, Rapaccini, G.L., additional, Di Nolfo, M.A., additional, Benvegnù, L., additional, Zoli, M., additional, Borzio, F., additional, Giannini, E.G., additional, Caturelli, E., additional, Chiaramonte, M., additional, Trevisani, F., additional, and Bolondi, L., additional

Published
2013
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24. 614 SPLENIC STIFFNESS ASSESSED BY ARFI (ACOUSTIC RADIATION FORCE IMAGING) CORRELATES WITH PORTAL PRESSURE IN CIRRHOSIS

Author

Borghi, A., primary, Piscaglia, F., additional, Venerandi, L., additional, Palama, C., additional, Salvatore, V., additional, Renzulli, M., additional, Mosconi, C., additional, Schiumerini, R., additional, Zappoli, P., additional, Carolina, T., additional, Ricciardiello, L., additional, Pecorelli, A., additional, Collecchia, A., additional, Festi, D., additional, Andreone, P., additional, and Bolondi, L., additional

Published
2012
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25. T-23 Splenic stiffness assessed by ARFI (acoustic radiation force impulse) correlates with portal pressure in liver cirrhosis

Author

Borghi, A., primary, Venerandi, L., additional, Palamà, C., additional, Salvatore, V., additional, Schiumerini, R., additional, Renzulli, M., additional, Mosconi, C., additional, Zappoli, P., additional, Tiani, C., additional, Ricciardiello, L., additional, Collecchia, A., additional, Andreone, P., additional, Festi, D., additional, Bolondi, L., additional, and Piscaglia, F., additional

Published
2012
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27. Use of VEGFR-2 Targeted Ultrasound Contrast Agent for the Early Evaluation of Response to Sorafenib in a Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Fabio Piscaglia, Maddalena Milazzo, Marco Baron Toaldo, C. Palamà, Veronica Salvatore, Mario Cipone, Sara Marinelli, Luigi Bolondi, L. Venerandi, Luca Croci, Baron Toaldo M, Salvatore V, Marinelli S, Palamà C, Milazzo M, Croci L, Venerandi L, Cipone M, Bolondi L, and Piscaglia F

Subjects
Niacinamide, Oncology, Sorafenib, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Contrast Media, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Placebo, Neovascularization, Mice, Random Allocation, Targeted ultrasonographic contrast media Hepatocellular carcinoma BR55 Xenograft model Sorafenib Response to treatment, Cell Line, Tumor, Internal medicine, Carcinoma, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Ultrasonography, Microbubbles, Neovascularization, Pathologic, business.industry, Phenylurea Compounds, Liver Neoplasms, Ultrasound, medicine.disease, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2, digestive system diseases, Treatment Outcome, Hepatocellular carcinoma, medicine.symptom, business, Neoplasm Transplantation, Software, medicine.drug, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Abstract

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the early response to sorafenib using ultrasound molecular imaging in a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PROCEDURES: A xenograft model of HCC was established. Then, mice were divided in two groups and received treatment (sorafenib) or placebo for 14 days. The treatment group was further divided into non-responders and responders according to the degree of growth. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed using VEGFR-2 targeted microbubbles (BR55, Bracco Suisse SA, Geneva, Switzerland). Dedicated software was used to quantify the amount of bound microbubbles in the tumor as a numerical value (differential targeted enhancement (dTE)). Tumors were then excised and western blot analysis performed. RESULTS: The dTE values decreased from day 0 to day +14 both in the treatment and control groups, but were lower in the former. The non-responder group had higher dTE levels at day 2 compared to responders (p = 0.019). CONCLUSION: BR55 appears to be useful in the prediction of response to sorafenib in a xenograft model of HCC.

Published
2014
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28. Early Prediction of Treatment Response to Sorafenib with Elastosonography in a Mice Xenograft Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Author

M. Baron Toaldo, Maddalena Milazzo, Fabio Piscaglia, Veronica Salvatore, Sara Marinelli, Luigi Bolondi, L. Venerandi, Mario Cipone, C. Palamà, Salvatore V, Baron Toaldo M, Marinelli S, Milazzo M, Palamà C, Venerandi L, Cipone M, Bolondi L, and Piscaglia F

Subjects
Niacinamide, Sorafenib, medicine.medical_specialty, Treatment response, Pathology, Urology, Antineoplastic Agents, Tumor response, Mice, Liver Neoplasms, Experimental, Early prediction, Animals, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA, neoplasms, Tumor size, business.industry, Phenylurea Compounds, Ultrasound, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Tumor Burden, Disease Models, Animal, Treatment Outcome, Liver, antiangiogenic therapy, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Heterografts, Experimental pathology, Female, Elastography, business, Neoplasm Transplantation, medicine.drug
Abstract

Purpose: Sorafenib is the reference therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is no method for predicting in the early period subsequent individual response. Starting from the clinical experience in humans that subcutaneous metastases may rapidly change consistency under sorafenib and that elastosonography allows assessment of tissue elasticity, we investigated the role of this ultrasound-based technique in the early prediction of tumor response to sorafenib in a HCC mice model.Materials and Methods: HCC subcutaneous xenografting in mice was utilized. Mice were randomized to vehicle (17 mice) or treatment with sorafenib (19 mice). Strain elastosonography (Esaote, Italy) of the tumor mass was performed at different time points (day 0, + 2 and + 14 from treatment start) until the mice were sacrificed (day + 14). At the same time points, the volume was calculated with ultrasonography.Results: Sorafenib-treated mice showed a smaller increase in tumor size on day + 14 in comparison to vehicle-treated mice (tumor volume increase + 175 % vs. + 382 %, p = 0.009). The median tumor elasticity increased in both groups on day + 2 (+ 5.65 % and + 3.86 %, respectively) and decreased on day + 14 (-3.86 % and -3.63 %, respectively). However, among Sorafenib-treated tumors, 13 mice with a growth percentage delta < 200 % (considered as good treatment response) showed an increase in elasticity on day + 2 (+ 8.9 %, range -12.6 - + 64) while the other 6 with a growth percentage delta > 300 % (considered as poor treatment response) showed a decrease in elasticity (-17 %, range -30.2 - + 15.3) (p = 0.044).Conclusion: Elastosonography appears to be a promising noninvasive new technique for the early treatment prediction of HCC tumor response to sorafenib. Specifically, an early increase in tumor elasticity (corresponding to tumors becoming softer) is associated with a good response.

Published
2013
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29. Years of life that could be saved from prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Andrea Costantino, Marcello Maida, Fabio Farinati, Laura Schiadà, Stefano Tamberi, Alessandro Moscatelli, Elena Rastrelli, Maria Chiaramonte, Paolo Poggio, Gianluca Svegliati Baroni, Matteo Renzulli, Fabio Piscaglia, Filomena Morisco, Paola Roselli, Roberto Virdone, Anna Maria Lalungo, Matteo Ravaioli, E.G. Giannini, Anna Chiara Dall’Aglio, Antonio Daniele Pinna, Elena Vavassori, Fabiana Marchetti, Eugenio Caturelli, Marco Domenicali, Calogero Cammà, Giulia Bosco, Carla Serra, Claudia Balsamo, Donatella Magalotti, Gian Ludovico Rapaccini, Valeria Mismas, S. Gemini, Stefano Olmi, Alberto Masotto, V. Feletti, Francesca Murer, Gaia Pellegatta, Maria Rosa Barcellona, A. Gazzola, Andrea Mega, Luigi Bolondi, Paolo Caraceni, Laura Bucci, Rita Golfieri, Annagiulia Gramenzi, Francesca Ciccarese, Rodolfo Sacco, Cristina Mosconi, Franco Borzio, Emanuele Rinninella, M. Di Marco, Alberta Cappelli, Marco Zoli, V. Vanin, Luisa Benvegnù, Mauro Bernardi, Emanuela Porro, Matteo Valerio, A. Pecorelli, Antonino Picciotto, Federica Mirici Cappa, Martina Felder, Elisabetta Biasini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Biselli, Alessandro Cucchetti, Gabriele Missale, L. Venerandi, Serena Dell'Isola, Franco Trevisani, Elga Neri, Vincenzo Savarino, Maria Guarino, C. Pozzan, Giuseppe Cabibbo, F.G. Foschi, Giuseppe Francesco Stefanini, Arianna Lanzi, Andrea Affronti, Cucchetti, A, Trevisani, F, Bucci, L, Ravaioli, M, Farinati, F, Giannini, E. G, Ciccarese, F, Piscaglia, F, Rapaccini, G. L, Di Marco, M, Caturelli, E, Zoli, M, Borzio, F, Sacco, R, Maida, M, Felder, M, Morisco, Filomena, Gasbarrini, A, Gemini, S, Foschi, F. G, Missale, G, Masotto, A, Affronti, A, Bernardi, M, Pinna, A. D., Giannini, Eg, Rapaccini, Gl, Morisco, F, Foschi, Fg, Pinna, AD, Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA.) Group, Bolondi, L, Biselli, M, Caraceni, P, Domenicali, M, Gramenzi, A., Cucchetti, A., Trevisani, F., Bucci, L., Ravaioli, M., Farinati, F., Giannini, E. G., Ciccarese, F., Piscaglia, F., Rapaccini, G. L., Di Marco, M., Caturelli, E., Zoli, M., Borzio, F., Sacco, R., Maida, M., Felder, M., Morisco, F., Gasbarrini, A., Gemini, S., Foschi, F. G., Missale, G., Masotto, A., Affronti, A., Bernardi, M., Bolondi, L., Biselli, M., Caraceni, P., Domenicali, M., Magalotti, D., Pecorelli, A., Serra, C., Venerandi, L., Gazzola, A., Murer, F., Pozzan, C., Vanin, V., Del Poggio, P., Olmi, S., Balsamo, C., Vavassori, E., Benvegnu, L., Cappelli, A., Golfieri, R., Mosconi, C., Renzulli, M., Bosco, G., Roselli, P., Dell'Isola, S., Lalungo, A. M., Rastrelli, E., Moscatelli, A., Pellegatta, G., Picciotto, A., Savarino, V., Barcellona, M. R., Camma, C., Cabibbo, G., Costantino, A., Virdone, R., Mega, A., Rinninella, E., Mismas, V., Dall'Aglio, A. C., Feletti, V., Lanzi, A., Cappa, F. M., Neri, E., Stefanini, G. F., Tamberi, S., Biasini, E., Porro, E., Guarino, M., Baroni, G. S., Schiada, L., Chiaramonte, M., Marchetti, F., and Valerio, M.

Subjects
Registrie, Male, Pediatrics, Databases, Factual, Hepatocellular carcinoma, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, 80 and over, Secondary Prevention, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Registries, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, Secondary prevention, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Liver Neoplasms, Gastroenterology, Disease Management, Middle Aged, Primary Prevention, diagnosi, Italy, Liver Neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Adolescent, Population, life expentancy, Milan criteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Databases, Young Adult, Life Expectancy, medicine, Humans, Aged, education, Factual, Hepatology, business.industry, Carcinoma, Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA, Hepatocellular, medicine.disease, Surgery, Prospective Studie, Years of potential life lost, Life expectancy, business
Abstract

Summary Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes premature death and loss of life expectancy worldwide. Its primary and secondary prevention can result in a significant number of years of life saved. Aim To assess how many years of life are lost after HCC diagnosis. Methods Data from 5346 patients with first HCC diagnosis were used to estimate lifespan and number of years of life lost after tumour onset, using a semi-parametric extrapolation having as reference an age-, sex- and year-of-onset-matched population derived from national life tables. Results Between 1986 and 2014, HCC lead to an average of 11.5 years-of-life lost for each patient. The youngest age-quartile group (18–61 years) had the highest number of years-of-life lost, representing approximately 41% of the overall benefit obtainable from prevention. Advancements in HCC management have progressively reduced the number of years-of-life lost from 12.6 years in 1986–1999, to 10.7 in 2000–2006 and 7.4 years in 2007–2014. Currently, an HCC diagnosis when a single tumour

Published
2016

30. Field practice studies on sorafenib: lessons in systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Fabio Piscaglia, L. Venerandi, Veronica Salvatore, Piscaglia F, Salvatore V, and Venerandi L

Subjects
Oncology, Sorafenib, Male, Niacinamide, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, MEDLINE, Antineoplastic Agents, Systemic therapy, Liver disease, Field practice, Internal medicine, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA, Stage (cooking), Hepatology, business.industry, Phenylurea Compounds, Liver Neoplasms, Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, antiangiogenic therapy, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Since 2008 systemic therapy with Sorafenib became the tandard of care for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) n the advanced (BCLC-C) or earlier stages (BCLC-B or -A), who were on-eligible or refractory to surgical or locoregional therapies [1]. vidence for this indication came from two registration trials, one un in Western countries and prematurely stopped for excess of enefit [2]. The question of whether the survival and safety findngs reported by the registration trials could be reproduced in real ife practice, where patients more often suffer from comorbidities nd may be significantly less fit than those matching the inclusion nd exclusion criteria of trials, was immediately raised. Given the thical unacceptability to run further placebo-controlled randomzed trials at present, such information could come only from field ractice studies. Indeed, the regulatory agencies requested obserational data from clinical practice to confirm safety, corresponding o the still unpublished worldwide GIDEON study (NCT00812175). hile awaiting for the results of this huge dataset to be released, arious smaller field practice study investigated efficacy of HCC reatment with Sorafenib. The study by Woerms and coworkers published in the present ssue of Digestive and Liver Disease [3] reports a single centre large xperience of consecutive patients treated with Sorafenib for HCC. hen considering the group of patients with a condition similar o those included in the registration trials (Child-Pugh A, most in dvanced stage), overall survival in real life (10.5 months) was pracically superimposable to that reported in the Western registration rial (10.7 months) [2] and in line with a few other studies, includng a couple of recent large Italian multicenter experiences (293 atients, 88% Child-Pugh A patients, 10.5 months; [4] 116 patients, 3% in Child-Pugh A, 13.0 months) [5]. Not only was overall surival almost superimposable in German and Italian field practice ata for Child-Pugh A patients; also the time on Sorafenib treatment respectively 4.0 and 4.2 months) when reported, was similar [3,4]. espite such confirmations highlight the overall beneficial role of orafenib, it is also well known from daily clinical experience, that ome patients benefit enormously from treatment with Sorafenib

Published
2013

31. Contrast enhanced CT-scan to diagnose intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with cirrhosis

Author

Rita Golfieri, Massimo Iavarone, M. Galassi, Sara Vavassori, Laura Forzenigo, Angelo Sangiovanni, Fabio Piscaglia, Massimo Colombo, L. Venerandi, Luigi Bolondi, Iavarone M, Piscaglia F, Vavassori S, Galassi M, Sangiovanni A, Venerandi L, Forzenigo LV, Golfieri R, Bolondi L, and Colombo M

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Contrast Media, Gastroenterology, Cholangiocarcinoma, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, CIRRHOSIS, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Magnetic resonance imaging, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Radiographic Image Enhancement, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Bile Duct Neoplasms, Hepatocellular carcinoma, CA19-9, Female, Radiology, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, business, Alpha-fetoprotein, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT-scan) is a standard of care for the radiological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis. This technique, however, is not validated to exclude intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) which may develop in patients with cirrhosis, as well. METHODS: To assess the features of contrast CT-scan in the diagnosis of ICC, we reviewed all CT-scan films obtained in cirrhotic patients with a histologically documented ICC, taking in consideration the pattern and dynamics of the arterial, portal venous and delayed phases of contrast uptake. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients had 40 nodules of ICC (22 male; median age 62years; 13 hepatitis C) that were identified either during surveillance with abdominal ultrasound (21 patients, 66%) or incidentally (11 patients, 34%). ICC was either multifocal or ≥ 30 mm in 11 of the former and 10 of the latter group (52% vs. 91%, p

Published
2012

32. Patterns of appearance and risk of misdiagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis at contrast enhanced ultrasound

Author

Simona Leoni, Simona Bota, Fabio Piscaglia, Massimo Iavarone, Mirella Fraquelli, Alessandro Granito, Angelo Sangiovanni, Massimo Colombo, Rita Golfieri, L. Venerandi, Sara Marinelli, Laura Conde de la Rosa, Sara Vavassori, M. Galassi, Letizia Veronese, Sandro Rossi, Luigi Bolondi, Galassi M, Iavarone M, Rossi S, Bota S, Vavassori S, Rosa L, Leoni S, Venerandi L, Marinelli S, Sangiovanni A, Veronese L, Fraquelli M, Granito A, Golfieri R, Colombo M, Bolondi L, and Piscaglia F

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Milan criteria, Statistics, Nonparametric, Cholangiocarcinoma, Diagnosis, Differential, Medicine, Humans, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinomas, Stage (cooking), CIRRHOSIS, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonography, CONTRAST ENHANCED ULTRASONOGRAPHY, Hepatology, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Bile Duct Neoplasms, Italy, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Female, Radiology, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Arterial phase
Abstract

AIM: Primary aim was to validate the percentage of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICC) which have a contrast vascular pattern at contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at risk of misdiagnosis with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and, secondary aim, to verify if any characteristics in the CEUS pattern helps to identify ICC. METHODS: All ICC on cirrhosis seen in three Italian centres (Bologna, Milan and Pavia) between 2003 and 2011, in which CEUS and at least another imaging technique (CT or MRI) had been performed, were retrospectively identified. Those patients with ICC size comparable to the early HCC stage (Milan criteria, considered as small ICC) were enrolled for this study. The enhancement pattern at CEUS was analysed and compared with CT or MRI. RESULTS: A total of 25 small ICC made this study group. CEUS was at risk of misdiagnosis of ICC for HCC in a significantly higher number of cases than in CT (performed in 24 ICC) (52% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.009) and MRI (11 ICC) (52% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.02). A different contrast pattern among all techniques was found in 6 of 10 ICC lesions submitted to the three imaging methods. In the arterial phase, ICC lacked global hyperenhacement in approximately 50% of cases at CEUS and the degree of intensity of wash-out in the late phase was marked in 24% of nodules. CONCLUSIONS: CEUS misdiagnosed as HCC a significantly higher number of ICC lesions in cirrhotic patients than CT and MRI. However, some CEUS contrast features can help suspect ICC, especially in some cases with inconclusive CT or MRI.

Published
2012

33. Circulating microRNAs, miR-939, miR-595, miR-519d and miR-494, Identify Cirrhotic Patients with HCC.

Author

Fornari F, Ferracin M, Trerè D, Milazzo M, Marinelli S, Galassi M, Venerandi L, Pollutri D, Patrizi C, Borghi A, Foschi FG, Stefanini GF, Negrini M, Bolondi L, and Gramantieri L

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cluster Analysis, Exosomes, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis blood, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Male, MicroRNAs blood, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, ROC Curve, Reproducibility of Results, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular etiology, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Liver Cirrhosis genetics, Liver Neoplasms etiology, MicroRNAs genetics
Abstract

The performance of circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is sub-optimal. In this study we tested circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for HCC in cirrhotic patients by performing a two stage study: a discovery phase conducted by microarray and a validation phase performed by qRT-PCR in an independent series of 118 patients. Beside miRNAs emerged from the discovery phase, miR-21, miR-221, miR-519d were also tested in the validation setting on the basis of literary and tissue findings. Deregulated microRNAs were assayed in HCC-derived cells in the intracellular compartment, cell culture supernatant and exosomal fraction. Serum and tissue microRNA levels were compared in 14 patients surgically treated for HCC. From the discovery study, it emerged that seven circulating microRNAs were differentially expressed in cirrhotic patients with and without HCC. In the validation set, miR-939, miR-595 and miR-519d were shown to differentiate cirrhotic patients with and without HCC. MiR-939 and miR-595 are independent factors for HCC. ROC curves of miR-939, miR-595 and miR-519d displayed that AUC was higher than AFP. An exosomal secretion of miR-519d, miR-21, miR-221 and miR-1228 and a correlation between circulating and tissue levels of miR-519d, miR-494 and miR-21 were found in HCC patients. Therefore, we show that circulating microRNAs deserve attention as non-invasive biomarkers in the diagnostic setting of HCC and that exosomal secretion contributes to discharging a subset of microRNAs into the extracellular compartment.

Published
2015
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34. Metronomic capecitabine as second-line treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma after sorafenib failure.

Author

Granito A, Marinelli S, Terzi E, Piscaglia F, Renzulli M, Venerandi L, Benevento F, and Bolondi L

Subjects
Administration, Metronomic, Aged, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular mortality, Female, Humans, Liver Neoplasms mortality, Male, Middle Aged, Niacinamide therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Sorafenib, Survival Analysis, Treatment Failure, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Capecitabine therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms drug therapy, Niacinamide analogs & derivatives, Phenylurea Compounds therapeutic use
Abstract

Background: No standard second-line treatments are available for hepatocellular carcinoma patients who fail sorafenib therapy. We assessed the safety and efficacy of metronomic capecitabine after first-line sorafenib failure., Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving metronomic capecitabine between January 2012 and November 2014. The primary end-point was safety, secondary end-point was efficacy, including time-to-progression and overall survival., Results: Twenty-six patients (80% Child-Pugh A, 80% Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C) received metronomic capecitabine (500 mg/bid). Median treatment duration was 3.2 months (range 0.6-31). Fourteen (53%) patients experienced at least one adverse event. The most frequent drug-related adverse events were bilirubin elevation (23%), fatigue (15%), anaemia (11%), lymphoedema (11%), and hand-foot syndrome (7.6%). Treatment was interrupted in 19 (73%) for disease progression, in 4 (15%) for liver deterioration, and in 1 (3.8%) for adverse event. Disease control was achieved in 6 (23%) patients. Median time-to-progression was 4 months (95% confidence interval 3.2-4.7). Median overall survival was 8 months (95% confidence interval 3.7-12.3)., Conclusions: Metronomic capecitabine was well tolerated in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who had been treated with sorafenib. Preliminary data show potential anti-tumour activity with long-lasting disease control in a subgroup of patients that warrants further evaluation in a phase III study., (Copyright © 2015 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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35. VEGF and VEGFR genotyping in the prediction of clinical outcome for HCC patients receiving sorafenib: the ALICE-1 study.

Author

Scartozzi M, Faloppi L, Svegliati Baroni G, Loretelli C, Piscaglia F, Iavarone M, Toniutto P, Fava G, De Minicis S, Mandolesi A, Bianconi M, Giampieri R, Granito A, Facchetti F, Bitetto D, Marinelli S, Venerandi L, Vavassori S, Gemini S, D'Errico A, Colombo M, Bolondi L, Bearzi I, Benedetti A, and Cascinu S

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular mortality, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Genotype, Humans, Liver Neoplasms mortality, Lymphangiogenesis drug effects, Male, Middle Aged, Neovascularization, Pathologic drug therapy, Niacinamide therapeutic use, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Sorafenib, Treatment Outcome, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C genetics, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 genetics, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 genetics, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm genetics, Liver Neoplasms drug therapy, Niacinamide analogs & derivatives, Phenylurea Compounds therapeutic use, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A antagonists & inhibitors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A genetics, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 genetics
Abstract

Although new treatment modalities changed the global approach to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), this disease still represents a medical challenge. Currently, the therapeutic stronghold is sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Previous observations suggested that polymorphisms of VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR) genes may regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and thus tumour growth control. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of VEGF and VEGFR polymorphisms in determining the clinical outcome of HCC patients receiving sorafenib. From a multicentre experience 148 samples (tumour or blood samples) of HCC patients receiving sorafenib were tested for VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGFR-1,2,3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Patients' progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed. At univariate analysis VEGF-A alleles C of rs25648, T of rs833061, C of rs699947, C of rs2010963, VEGF-C alleles T of rs4604006, G of rs664393, VEGFR-2 alleles C of rs2071559, C of rs2305948 were significant predictors of PFS and OS. At multivariate analysis rs2010963, rs4604006 and BCLC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer) stage resulted to be independent factors influencing PFS and OS. Once prospectively validated, the analysis of VEGF and VEGFR SNPs may represent a clinical tool to better identify HCC patients more likely to benefit from sorafenib. On the other hand, the availability of more accurate predictive factors could help avoiding unnecessary toxicities to potentially resistant patients who may be optimal candidates for different treatments interfering with other tumour molecular pathways., (© 2014 UICC.)

Published
2014
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36. Evaluation of the impact of transient interruption of antiangiogenic treatment using ultrasound-based techniques in a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Author

Marinelli S, Salvatore V, Baron Toaldo M, Milazzo M, Croci L, Venerandi L, Pecorelli A, Palamà C, Diana A, Bolondi L, and Piscaglia F

Subjects
Angiogenesis Inhibitors administration & dosage, Animals, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Cell Line, Tumor, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Mice, Neovascularization, Pathologic drug therapy, Niacinamide administration & dosage, Niacinamide analogs & derivatives, Phenylurea Compounds administration & dosage, Sorafenib, Ultrasonography, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 chemistry, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Liver Neoplasms drug therapy
Abstract

Background: Development of escape pathways from antiangiogenic treatments was reported to be associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness and rebound effect was suggested after treatment stop. Aim of the study was to evaluate tumor response simulating different conditions of administration of antiangiogenic treatment (transient or definitive treatment stop) in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma., Methods: Subcutaneous tumors were created by inoculating 5 × 10(6) Huh7 cells into the right flank of 14 nude mice. When tumor size reached 5-10 mm, mice were divided in 3 groups: group 1 was treated with placebo, group 2 was treated with sorafenib (62 mg/kg via gavage) but temporarily suspended from day +5 to +9, whereas in group 3 sorafenib was definitively stopped at day +5. At day +13 all mice were sacrificed, collecting masses for Western-Blot analyses. Volume was calculated with B-mode ultrasonography at day 0, +5, +9, +11 and +13. VEGFR2-targeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound using BR55 (Bracco Imaging) was performed at day +5 and +13 and elastonosography (Esaote) at day +9 and +11 to assess tumor stiffness., Results: Median growth percentage delta at day +13 versus day 0 was 197% (115-329) in group 1, 81% (48-144) in group 2 and 111% (27-167) in group 3. Median growth delta at day +13 with respect to day +5 was 79% (48-127), 37% (-14128) and 81% (15-87) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Quantification of targeted-CEUS at day +13 showed higher values in group 3 (509 Arbitrary Units AI, range 293-652) than group 1 (275 AI, range 191-494) and group 2 (181 AI, range 63-318) (p=0.033). Western-Blot analysis demonstrated higher VEGFR2 expression in group 3 with respect to group 1 and 2., Conclusions: A transient interruption of antiangiogenic treatment does not impede restoration of tumor response, while a definitive interruption tends to stimulate a rebound of angiogenesis to higher level than without treatment.

Published
2014
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37. The role of ultrasound elastographic techniques in chronic liver disease: current status and future perspectives.

Author

Piscaglia F, Marinelli S, Bota S, Serra C, Venerandi L, Leoni S, and Salvatore V

Subjects
Elastic Modulus, Humans, Elasticity Imaging Techniques methods, End Stage Liver Disease diagnostic imaging, End Stage Liver Disease physiopathology, Forecasting, Image Enhancement methods
Abstract

This review illustrates the state of the art clinical applications and the future perspectives of ultrasound elastographic methods for the evaluation of chronic liver diseases, including the most widely used and validated technique, transient elastography, followed by shear wave elastography and strain imaging elastography. Liver ultrasound elastography allows the non-invasive evaluation of liver stiffness, providing information regarding the stage of fibrosis, comparable to liver biopsy which is still considered the gold standard; in this way, it can help physicians in managing patients, including the decision as to when to start antiviral treatment. The characterization of focal liver lesions and the prognostic role of the elastographic technique in the prediction of complications of cirrhosis are still under investigation., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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38. An explorative data-analysis to support the choice between hepatic resection and radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Author

Cucchetti A, Piscaglia F, Cescon M, Serra C, Colecchia A, Maroni L, Venerandi L, Ercolani G, and Pinna AD

Subjects
Age Factors, Aged, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Cohort Studies, Disease-Free Survival, End Stage Liver Disease, Female, Humans, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Monte Carlo Method, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary pathology, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Tumor Burden, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular surgery, Catheter Ablation methods, Decision Support Techniques, Hepatectomy methods, Liver Neoplasms surgery, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary surgery
Abstract

Background: Whether to prefer hepatic resection or radiofrequency ablation as first line therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma is a matter of debate., Aims: To compare outcomes of resection and ablation, in the treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma, through a decision-making analysis., Methods: Data of 388 cirrhotic patients undergoing resection and of 207 undergoing radiofrequency ablation were reviewed. Two distinct regression models were devised and used to perform sensitivity and probabilistic analyses, to overcome biases of covariate distributions., Results: Actuarial survival curves showed no difference between resection and ablation (P=0.270) despite the fact that ablated patients were older, with worse liver function and smaller, unifocal tumours (P<0.05), suggesting a complex, non-linear relationship between clinical, tumoral variables and treatments. Sensitivity and probabilistic analyses suggested that the superiority of resection over ablation decreased at higher Model for-End stage Liver Disease scores, and that ablation provided better results for smaller tumours and higher Model for-End stage Liver Disease scores. In patients with 2-3 tumours up to 3 cm, the two treatments produced opposite comparative results in relation to the Model for-End stage Liver Disease score., Conclusions: The superiority, or the equivalence, of resection and ablation depends on the non-linear relationship existing between treatment, tumour number, size and degree of liver dysfunction., (Copyright © 2013 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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39. The ART score is not effective to select patients for transarterial chemoembolization retreatment in an Italian series.

Author

Terzi E, Terenzi L, Venerandi L, Croci L, Renzulli M, Mosconi C, Allegretti G, Granito A, Golfieri R, Bolondi L, and Piscaglia F

Subjects
Analysis of Variance, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Cohort Studies, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intra-Arterial, Italy, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Male, Neoplasm Invasiveness pathology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local mortality, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology, Neoplasm Staging, Prognosis, Retreatment methods, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Statistics, Nonparametric, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular mortality, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Chemoembolization, Therapeutic methods, Liver Neoplasms mortality, Liver Neoplasms therapy, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local therapy, Patient Selection
Abstract

Background: The ART score (a point score for the assessment of retreatment with transarterial chemoembolization, TACE) has been recently developed in Austria to differentiate patients who may benefit from multiple sessions of TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. The primary aim of the study was to test the validity of the ART score in an Italian study cohort. The secondary aims were to evaluate overall survival (OS) and clinical determinants of improved survival in patients treated with multiple TACE sessions., Methods: The ART score and the clinical outcome of 51 consecutive patients with HCC submitted to multiple TACE sessions from April 2002 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed., Results: Median OS was 26.0 months (95% confidence interval 18.4-33.6) with 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of 75, 33 and 11%, respectively). Thirty-three patients had an ART score of 0-1.5 and in 18 it was ≥2.5, but in our patient series, the ART score was not found to be a predictor of survival (p = 0.173). At univariate analysis, tumor extent (uni- vs. bilobar: 34.0 vs. 9.0 months; p < 0.001), Child-Pugh score before the second TACE (A vs. B7 vs. B8-9: 26.0 vs. 16.0 vs. 5.0 months; p = 0.005) and Child-Pugh score increase between the first and second TACE (absent vs. + 1 point vs. + ≥2 points: 27.0 vs. 4.0 vs. 5.0 months; p < 0.001) were statistically related with survival. At multivariate analysis, only Child-Pugh score increase remained a significant predictor of worse survival (p = 0.001, hazard rate = 11.6)., Conclusions: The ART score was not found to work as an objective tool to guide TACE retreatment in our Italian patient series, only the Child-Pugh score increase was an independent predictor of a shorter survival.

Published
2014
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40. Contrast enhanced CT-scan to diagnose intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with cirrhosis.

Author

Iavarone M, Piscaglia F, Vavassori S, Galassi M, Sangiovanni A, Venerandi L, Forzenigo LV, Golfieri R, Bolondi L, and Colombo M

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bile Duct Neoplasms pathology, Cholangiocarcinoma pathology, Female, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis pathology, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Bile Duct Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Cholangiocarcinoma diagnostic imaging, Contrast Media, Liver Cirrhosis diagnostic imaging, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Radiographic Image Enhancement, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
Abstract

Background & Aims: Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT-scan) is a standard of care for the radiological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis. This technique, however, is not validated to exclude intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) which may develop in patients with cirrhosis, as well., Methods: To assess the features of contrast CT-scan in the diagnosis of ICC, we reviewed all CT-scan films obtained in cirrhotic patients with a histologically documented ICC, taking in consideration the pattern and dynamics of the arterial, portal venous and delayed phases of contrast uptake., Results: Thirty-two patients had 40 nodules of ICC (22 male; median age 62years; 13 hepatitis C) that were identified either during surveillance with abdominal ultrasound (21 patients, 66%) or incidentally (11 patients, 34%). ICC was either multifocal or ≥ 30 mm in 11 of the former and 10 of the latter group (52% vs. 91%, p<0.05). Two nodules (5%) escaped detection by CT-scan, while the remaining 38 showed a heterogeneous contrast enhancement pattern, being the arterial peripheral-rim enhancement present in 19 (50%) cases and a progressive homogeneous contrast uptake in 16 (42%) cases during the three vascular phases, with no relation to tumor size. Importantly, all nodules lacked the radiological hallmark of HCC, the only ICC nodule showing a homogeneous wash-in during the arterial phase followed by a wash-out in the delayed venous phase, however showing a homogeneous wash-in during the portal phase too., Conclusions: ICC in cirrhotic patients displays distinct vascular patterns at CT-scan that allow for differentiation from HCC., (Copyright © 2013 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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41. Patterns of appearance and risk of misdiagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis at contrast enhanced ultrasound.

Author

Galassi M, Iavarone M, Rossi S, Bota S, Vavassori S, Rosa L, Leoni S, Venerandi L, Marinelli S, Sangiovanni A, Veronese L, Fraquelli M, Granito A, Golfieri R, Colombo M, Bolondi L, and Piscaglia F

Subjects
Aged, Bile Duct Neoplasms, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Cholangiocarcinoma etiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Italy, Liver Neoplasms etiology, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Statistics, Nonparametric, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnostic imaging, Cholangiocarcinoma diagnostic imaging, Cholangiocarcinoma pathology, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Aim: Primary aim was to validate the percentage of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICC) which have a contrast vascular pattern at contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at risk of misdiagnosis with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and, secondary aim, to verify if any characteristics in the CEUS pattern helps to identify ICC., Methods: All ICC on cirrhosis seen in three Italian centres (Bologna, Milan and Pavia) between 2003 and 2011, in which CEUS and at least another imaging technique (CT or MRI) had been performed, were retrospectively identified. Those patients with ICC size comparable to the early HCC stage (Milan criteria, considered as small ICC) were enrolled for this study. The enhancement pattern at CEUS was analysed and compared with CT or MRI., Results: A total of 25 small ICC made this study group. CEUS was at risk of misdiagnosis of ICC for HCC in a significantly higher number of cases than in CT (performed in 24 ICC) (52% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.009) and MRI (11 ICC) (52% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.02). A different contrast pattern among all techniques was found in 6 of 10 ICC lesions submitted to the three imaging methods. In the arterial phase, ICC lacked global hyperenhacement in approximately 50% of cases at CEUS and the degree of intensity of wash-out in the late phase was marked in 24% of nodules., Conclusions: CEUS misdiagnosed as HCC a significantly higher number of ICC lesions in cirrhotic patients than CT and MRI. However, some CEUS contrast features can help suspect ICC, especially in some cases with inconclusive CT or MRI., (© 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S.)

Published
2013
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42. Field practice studies on sorafenib: lessons in systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Author

Piscaglia F, Salvatore V, and Venerandi L

Subjects
Female, Humans, Male, Niacinamide therapeutic use, Sorafenib, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular drug therapy, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular mortality, Liver Neoplasms drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms mortality, Niacinamide analogs & derivatives, Phenylurea Compounds therapeutic use
Published
2013
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43. Letter to the editor.

Author

Piscaglia F, Borghi A, Salvatore V, Marinelli S, Terzi E, Venerandi L, and Palamà C

Subjects
Female, Humans, Male, Elasticity Imaging Techniques methods, Hypertension, Portal diagnostic imaging, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Liver diagnostic imaging, Liver Cirrhosis diagnostic imaging, Liver Diseases diagnostic imaging, Spleen diagnostic imaging
Published
2012
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