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2. Mutations in TOPORS cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa with perivascular retinal pigment epithelium atrophy.

Author

Chakarova, CF, Papaioannou, MG, Khanna, H, Lopez, I, Waseem, N, Shah, A, Theis, T, Friedman, J, Maubaret, C, Bujakowska, K, Veraitch, B, Abd El-Aziz, MM, Prescott, DQ, Parapuram, SK, Bickmore, WA, Munro, PMG, Gal, A, Hamel, CP, Marigo, V, Ponting, CP, Wissinger, B, Zrenner, E, Matter, K, Swaroop, A, Koenekoop, RK, Bhattacharya, SS, Chakarova, CF, Papaioannou, MG, Khanna, H, Lopez, I, Waseem, N, Shah, A, Theis, T, Friedman, J, Maubaret, C, Bujakowska, K, Veraitch, B, Abd El-Aziz, MM, Prescott, DQ, Parapuram, SK, Bickmore, WA, Munro, PMG, Gal, A, Hamel, CP, Marigo, V, Ponting, CP, Wissinger, B, Zrenner, E, Matter, K, Swaroop, A, Koenekoop, RK, and Bhattacharya, SS

Abstract

We report mutations in the gene for topoisomerase I-binding RS protein (TOPORS) in patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) linked to chromosome 9p21.1 (locus RP31). A positional-cloning approach, together with the use of bioinformatics, identified TOPORS (comprising three exons and encoding a protein of 1,045 aa) as the gene responsible for adRP. Mutations that include an insertion and a deletion have been identified in two adRP-affected families--one French Canadian and one German family, respectively. Interestingly, a distinct phenotype is noted at the earlier stages of the disease, with an unusual perivascular cuff of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, which was found surrounding the superior and inferior arcades in the retina. TOPORS is a RING domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase and localizes in the nucleus in speckled loci that are associated with promyelocytic leukemia bodies. The ubiquitous nature of TOPORS expression and a lack of mutant protein in patients are highly suggestive of haploinsufficiency, rather than a dominant negative effect, as the molecular mechanism of the disease and make rescue of the clinical phenotype amenable to somatic gene therapy.

Published
2007

4. Mutations in TOPORS cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa with perivascular retinal pigment epithelium atrophy.

Author

Chakarova CF, Papaioannou MG, Khanna H, Lopez I, Waseem N, Shah A, Theis T, Friedman J, Maubaret C, Bujakowska K, Veraitch B, Abd El-Aziz MM, Prescott de Q, Parapuram SK, Bickmore WA, Munro PM, Gal A, Hamel CP, Marigo V, Ponting CP, Wissinger B, Zrenner E, Matter K, Swaroop A, Koenekoop RK, and Bhattacharya SS

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Base Sequence, Child, Chromosomes, Human, DNA Mutational Analysis, Exons genetics, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Neoplasm Proteins metabolism, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Pedigree, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism, Genes, Dominant, Mutation genetics, Neoplasm Proteins genetics, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Pigment Epithelium of Eye blood supply, Pigment Epithelium of Eye pathology, Retinitis Pigmentosa genetics, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics
Abstract

We report mutations in the gene for topoisomerase I-binding RS protein (TOPORS) in patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) linked to chromosome 9p21.1 (locus RP31). A positional-cloning approach, together with the use of bioinformatics, identified TOPORS (comprising three exons and encoding a protein of 1,045 aa) as the gene responsible for adRP. Mutations that include an insertion and a deletion have been identified in two adRP-affected families--one French Canadian and one German family, respectively. Interestingly, a distinct phenotype is noted at the earlier stages of the disease, with an unusual perivascular cuff of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, which was found surrounding the superior and inferior arcades in the retina. TOPORS is a RING domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase and localizes in the nucleus in speckled loci that are associated with promyelocytic leukemia bodies. The ubiquitous nature of TOPORS expression and a lack of mutant protein in patients are highly suggestive of haploinsufficiency, rather than a dominant negative effect, as the molecular mechanism of the disease and make rescue of the clinical phenotype amenable to somatic gene therapy.

Published
2007
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