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1. Personal radio use and cancer risks among 48,158 British police officers and staff from the Airwave Health Monitoring Study

Author: Gao, H, Aresu, M, Vergnaud, AC, McRobie, D, Spear, J, Heard, A, Kongsgard, HW, Singh, D, Muller, DC, Elliott, P, Wells, J, Home Office, Medical Research Council (MRC), National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, and UK DRI Ltd
Subjects: Oncology & Carcinogenesis, 1112 Oncology And Carcinogenesis
Abstract: Background Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) from mobile phones have been classified as potentially carcinogenic. No study has investigated use of Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA), a source of RF-EMF with wide occupational use, and cancer risks. Methods We investigated association of monthly personal radio use and risk of cancer using Cox proportional hazards regression among 48,518 police officers and staff of the Airwave Health Monitoring Study in Great Britain. Results During median follow-up of 5.9 years, 716 incident cancer cases were identified. Among users, the median of the average monthly duration of use in the year prior to enrolment was 30.5 min (inter-quartile range 8.1, 68.1). Overall, there was no association between personal radio use and risk of all cancers (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93, 1.03). For head and neck cancers HR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.30, 1.70) among personal radio users vs non-users, and among users it was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.23) per doubling of minutes of personal radio use. Conclusions With the limited follow-up to date, we found no evidence of association of personal radio use with cancer risk. Continued follow-up of the cohort is warranted.
Published: 2018

2. KLB is associated with alcohol drinking, and its gene product β-Klotho is necessary for FGF21 regulation of alcohol preference

Author: Schumann, G, Liu, C, O'Reilly, P, Gao, H, Song, P, Xu, B, Ruggeri, B, Amin, N, Jia, T, Preis, S, Lepe, MS, Akira, S, Barbieri, C, Baumeister, S, Cauchi, S, Clarke, TK, Enroth, S, Fischer, K, Hällfors, J, Harris, SE, Hieber, S, Hofer, E, Hottenga, JJ, Johansson, Å, Joshi, PK, Kaartinen, N, Laitinen, J, Lemaitre, R, Loukola, A, Luan, J, Lyytikäinen, LP, Mangino, M, Manichaikul, A, Mbarek, H, Milaneschi, Y, Moayyeri, A, Mukamal, K, Nelson, C, Nettleton, J, Partinen, E, Rawal, R, Robino, A, Rose, L, Sala, C, Satoh, T, Schmidt, R, Schraut, K, Scott, R, Smith, AV, Starr, JM, Teumer, A, Trompet, S, Uitterlinden, AG, Venturini, C, Vergnaud, AC, Verweij, N, Vitart, V, Vuckovic, D, Wedenoja, J, Yengo, L, Yu, B, Zhang, W, Zhao, JH, Boomsma, DI, Chambers, J, Chasman, DI, Daniela, T, De Geus, E, Deary, I, Eriksson, JG, Esko, T, and Eulenburg, V
Abstract: Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health problem worldwide. Although drinking habits are known to be inherited, few genes have been identified that are robustly linked to alcohol drinking. We conducted a genome-wide association metaanalysis and replication study among > 105,000 individuals of European ancestry and identified β-Klotho (KLB) as a locus associated with alcohol consumption (rs11940694; P = 9.2 × 10-12). β-Klotho is an obligate coreceptor for the hormone FGF21, which is secreted from the liver and implicated in macronutrient preference in humans. We show that brain-specific β-Klotho KO mice have an increased alcohol preference and that FGF21 inhibits alcohol drinking by acting on the brain. These data suggest that a liver-brain endocrine axis may play an important role in the regulation of alcohol drinking behavior and provide a unique pharmacologic target for reducing alcohol consumption.
Published: 2016

3. Polymorphisms of Helicobacter pylori signaling pathway genes and gastric cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer-eurgast cohort

Author: Companioni O, Bonet C, Mu?oz X, Weiderpass E, Tumino R, Palli D, Agnoli C, Vineis P, Boutron Ruault MC, Racine A, Clavel Chapelon F, Travis RC, Khaw KT, Riboli E, Murphy N, Vergnaud AC, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Trichopoulos D, Lund E, Johansen D, Lindkvist B, Johansson M, Sund M, Ardanaz E, S?nchez Cantalejo E, Huerta JM, Dorronsoro M, Ram?n Quir?s J, Tjonneland A, Mortensen LM, Overvad K, Chang Claude J, Rizzato C, Boeing H, de Mesquita HB, Siersema P, Peeters PH, Numans ME, Carneiro F, Licaj I, Freisling H, Sala N, Gonz?lez CA, PANICO, SALVATORE, Companioni, O, Bonet, C, Mu?oz, X, Weiderpass, E, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Palli, D, Agnoli, C, Vineis, P, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Racine, A, Clavel Chapelon, F, Travis, Rc, Khaw, Kt, Riboli, E, Murphy, N, Vergnaud, Ac, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Trichopoulos, D, Lund, E, Johansen, D, Lindkvist, B, Johansson, M, Sund, M, Ardanaz, E, S?nchez Cantalejo, E, Huerta, Jm, Dorronsoro, M, Ram?n Quir?s, J, Tjonneland, A, Mortensen, Lm, Overvad, K, Chang Claude, J, Rizzato, C, Boeing, H, de Mesquita, Hb, Siersema, P, Peeters, Ph, Numans, Me, Carneiro, F, Licaj, I, Freisling, H, Sala, N, and Gonz?lez, Ca
Subjects: digestive system diseases
Abstract: Helicobacter pylori is a recognized causal factor of noncardia gastric cancer (GC). Lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan of this bacterium are recognized by CD14, TLR4 and NOD2 human proteins, while NFKB1 activates the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines to elicit an immune response. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes have been associated with GC in different populations. We genotyped 30 SNPs of these genes, in 365 gastric adenocarcinomas and 1,284 matched controls from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort. The association with GC and its histological and anatomical subtypes was analyzed by logistic regression and corrected for multiple comparisons. Using a log-additive model, we found a significant association between SNPs in CD14, NOD2 and TLR4 with GC risk. However, after applying the multiple comparisons tests only the NOD2 region remained significant (p = 0.009). Analysis according to anatomical subtypes revealed NOD2 and NFKB1 SNPs associated with noncardia GC and CD14 SNPs associated with cardia GC, while analysis according to histological subtypes showed that CD14 was associated with intestinal but not diffuse GC. The multiple comparisons tests confirmed the association of NOD2 with noncardia GC (p = 0.0003) and CD14 with cardia GC (p = 0.01). Haplotype analysis was in agreement with single SNP results for NOD2 and CD14 genes. From these results, we conclude that genetic variation in NOD2 associates with noncardia GC while variation in CD14 is associated with cardia GC.
Published: 2014

4. Consumption of meat and fish and risk oflung cancer: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author: Linseisen J, Rohrmann S, Bueno de Mesquita B, Büchner FL, Boshuizen HC, Agudo A, Gram IT, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, Boeing H, Steffen A, Kaaks R, Lukanova A, Berrino F, Palli D, Tumino R, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Huerta JM, Rodríguez L, Sánchez MJ, Rasmuson T, Hallmans G, Manjer J, Wirfält E, Engeset D, Skeie G, Katsoulis M, Oikonomou E, Trichopoulou A, Peeters PH, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Allen N, Key T, Brennan P, Romieu I, Slimani N, Vergnaud AC, Xun WW, Vineis P, Riboli E., PANICO, SALVATORE, Linseisen, J, Rohrmann, S, Bueno de Mesquita, B, Büchner, Fl, Boshuizen, Hc, Agudo, A, Gram, It, Dahm, Cc, Overvad, K, Egeberg, R, Tjønneland, A, Boeing, H, Steffen, A, Kaaks, R, Lukanova, A, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Ardanaz, E, Dorronsoro, M, Huerta, Jm, Rodríguez, L, Sánchez, Mj, Rasmuson, T, Hallmans, G, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Engeset, D, Skeie, G, Katsoulis, M, Oikonomou, E, Trichopoulou, A, Peeters, Ph, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Allen, N, Key, T, Brennan, P, Romieu, I, Slimani, N, Vergnaud, Ac, Xun, Ww, Vineis, P, and Riboli, E.
Published: 2011

5. Sex differences in the relationship between work patterns and diet in British police force employees: a nested cross-sectional study

Author: Gibson, R., primary, Eriksen, R., additional, Chan, Q., additional, Vergnaud, AC., additional, Singh, D., additional, Heard, A., additional, Spear, J., additional, Aresu, M., additional, McRobie, D., additional, Elliott, P., additional, and Frost, G., additional
Published: 2016
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6. Adherence to the mediterranean diet and risk of breast cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort study

Author: Buckland, G, Travier, N, Cottet, V, Gonzalez, CA, Lujan-Barroso, L, Agudo, A, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Peeters, PH, May, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Duijnhoven, FJ Bvan, Key, TJ, Allen, N, Khaw, KT, Wareham, N, Romieu, I, McCormack, V, Boutron-Ruault, M, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Agnoli, C, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Amiano, P, Barricarte, A, Rodriguez, L, Sanchez, MJ, Chirlaque, MD, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Bergmann, MM, Overvad, K, Dahm, CC, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Manjer, J, Wirfalt, E, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Lund, E, Hjartaker, A, Skeie, G, Vergnaud, AC, Norat, T, Romaguera, D, Riboli, E, Buckland, G, Travier, N, Cottet, V, Gonzalez, CA, Lujan-Barroso, L, Agudo, A, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Peeters, PH, May, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Duijnhoven, FJ Bvan, Key, TJ, Allen, N, Khaw, KT, Wareham, N, Romieu, I, McCormack, V, Boutron-Ruault, M, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Panico, S, Agnoli, C, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Amiano, P, Barricarte, A, Rodriguez, L, Sanchez, MJ, Chirlaque, MD, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Bergmann, MM, Overvad, K, Dahm, CC, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Manjer, J, Wirfalt, E, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Lund, E, Hjartaker, A, Skeie, G, Vergnaud, AC, Norat, T, Romaguera, D, and Riboli, E
Abstract: Epidemiological evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet (MD) could reduce the risk of breast cancer (BC). As evidence from the prospective studies remains scarce and conflicting, we investigated the association between adherence to the MD and risk of BC among 335,062 women recruited from 1992 to 2000, in ten European countries, and followed for 11 years on average. Adherence to the MD was estimated through an adapted relative Mediterranean diet (arMED) score excluding alcohol. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used while adjusting for BC risk factors. A total of 9,009 postmenopausal and 1,216 premenopausal first primary incident invasive BC were identified (5,862 estrogen or progesterone receptor positive [ER+/PR+] and 1,018 estrogen and progesterone receptor negative [ER/PR]). The arMED was inversely associated with the risk of BC overall and in postmenopausal women (high vs. low arMED score; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.94 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88, 1.00] ptrend = 0.048, and HR = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.87, 0.99] ptrend = 0.037, respectively). The association was more pronounced in ER/PR tumors (HR = 0.80 [95% CI: 0.65, 0.99] ptrend = 0.043). The arMED score was not associated with BC in premenopausal women. Our findings show that adherence to a MD excluding alcohol was related to a modest reduced risk of BC in postmenopausal women, and this association was stronger in receptor-negative tumors. The results support the potential scope for BC prevention through dietary modification.
Published: 2013
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7. Variety in vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer in the European Prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author: Jeurnink, SM, Büchner, FL, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Siersema, PD, Boshuizen, HC, Numans, ME, Dahm, CC, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Roswall, N, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Morois, S, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Buijsse, B, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Zylis, D, Palli, D, Sieri, S, Vineis, P, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Ocké, MC, Peeters, PHM, Skeie, G, Brustad, M, Lund, E, Sánchez-Cantalejo, E, Navarro, C, Amiano, P, Ardanaz, E, Quirós, J Ramón, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, I, Lindkvist, B, Regnér, S, Khaw, KT, Wareham, N, Key, TJ, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Vergnaud, AC, Romaguera, D, Gonzalez, CA, Jeurnink, SM, Büchner, FL, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Siersema, PD, Boshuizen, HC, Numans, ME, Dahm, CC, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Roswall, N, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Morois, S, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Buijsse, B, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Zylis, D, Palli, D, Sieri, S, Vineis, P, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Ocké, MC, Peeters, PHM, Skeie, G, Brustad, M, Lund, E, Sánchez-Cantalejo, E, Navarro, C, Amiano, P, Ardanaz, E, Quirós, J Ramón, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, I, Lindkvist, B, Regnér, S, Khaw, KT, Wareham, N, Key, TJ, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Vergnaud, AC, Romaguera, D, and Gonzalez, CA
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diets high in vegetables and fruits have been suggested to be inversely associated with risk of gastric cancer. However, the evidence of the effect of variety of consumption is limited. We therefore investigated whether consumption of a variety of vegetables and fruit is associated with gastric and esophageal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS: Data on food consumption and follow-up on cancer incidence was available for 452,269 participants from 10 European countries. After a mean follow-up of 8.4 years, 475 cases of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas (180 non-cardia, 185 cardia, gastric esophageal junction and esophagus, 110 not specified) and 98 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were observed. Diet Diversity Scores (DDSs) were used to quantify the variety in vegetable and fruit consumption. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to calculate risk ratios. RESULTS: Independent from quantity of consumption, variety in the consumption of vegetables and fruit combined and of fruit consumption alone were statistically significantly inversely associated with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (continuous HR per 2 products increment 0.88; 95%CI 0.79-0.97 and 0.76; 95%CI 0.62-0.94, respectively) with the latter particularly seen in ever smokers. Variety in vegetable and/or fruit consumption was not associated with risk of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSION: Independent from quantity of consumption, more variety in vegetable and fruit consumption combined and in fruit consumption alone may decrease the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, residual confounding by lifestyle factors can not be excluded. © 2012 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2012
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8. Agreement between web-based and paper versions of a socio-demographic questionnaire in the NutriNet-Santé study.

Author: Vergnaud AC, Touvier M, Méjean C, Kesse-Guyot E, Pollet C, Malon A, Castetbon K, Hercberg S, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Touvier, Mathilde, Méjean, Caroline, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Pollet, Clothilde, Malon, Aurélie, Castetbon, Katia, and Hercberg, Serge
Published: 2011
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9. Low total and nonheme iron intakes are associated with a greater risk of hypertension.

Author: Galan P, Vergnaud AC, Tzoulaki I, Buyck JF, Blacher J, Czernichow S, Hercberg S, Galan, Pilar, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Buyck, Jean-François, Blacher, Jacques, Czernichow, Sébastien, and Hercberg, Serge
Abstract: The relationship between iron intake and blood pressure (BP) status has not been well established. Only 1 cross-sectional study has suggested an inverse association of dietary total iron intake and nonheme iron intake with BP. We investigated the relationship between total, heme, and nonheme iron intakes, markers of iron status, 5.4-y changes in BP, and the incidence of hypertension. A total of 2895 participants included in the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants cohort were followed up for 5.4 y. At least 3 repeated 24-h dietary records were performed at baseline and 5.4 y later. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations were assessed at baseline. Low nonheme iron intake at baseline was associated with a greater increase in systolic BP (SBP) and pulse pressure over time after adjustment for multiple possible confounding factors (P-trend = 0.002 and 0.0005, respectively). Conversely, participants in the 3rd tertile of nonheme iron intake at baseline had a 37% lower risk of hypertension after 5.4 y of follow-up compared with those in the first tertile (P-trend = 0.04). Heme iron intake was not associated with BP changes or risk of hypertension. Meat intake was positively associated with an increase in SBP (P-trend = 0.04). However, that relation became nonsignificant after adjusting for dietary pattern scores. Baseline hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations were not associated with changes in BP or incidental hypertension. Our data support a possible role of low nonheme iron intake, independent of heme iron intake, in the development of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2010
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10. Relationships between different types of fruit and vegetable consumption and serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins.

Author: Dauchet L, Péneau S, Bertrais S, Vergnaud AC, Estaquio C, Kesse-Guyot E, Czernichow S, Favier A, Faure H, Galan P, and Hercberg S
Published: 2008
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11. Relationship between iron status and dietary fruit and vegetables based on their vitamin C and fiber content.

Author: Péneau S, Dauchet L, Vergnaud AC, Estaquio C, Kesse-Guyot E, Bertrais S, Latino-Martel P, Hercberg S, and Galan P
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary fruits and vegetables may enhance iron status because of their high vitamin C content. The potential association between iron status and intakes of specific fruits and vegetables, according to sex and menopausal status, must be investigated. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the relation between dietary fruits, vegetables, and juices (FVJ) according to their vitamin C and fiber contents and serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentrations. DESIGN: A total of 4358 subjects, aged 35-60 y, of the Supplementation with Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals (SU.VI.MAX) cohort were selected. Subjects had completed at least six 24-h-dietary records over 2 y. The relation between serum ferritin and hemoglobin, measured at inclusion, and dietary FVJ according to their vitamin C and fiber contents was assessed by multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: In premenopausal women, serum ferritin was positively associated with intakes of fiber-poor FVJ (up to 10% higher serum ferritin in the third tertile compared with the first tertile). In the whole sample, hemoglobin was positively associated with fruits, vitamin C-rich FVJ, FVJ ascorbic acid, and fiber-poor FVJ categories (up to 1.5 g/L higher hemoglobin concentration). CONCLUSIONS: Intakes of fiber-poor FVJ were associated with higher serum ferritin concentrations in premenopausal women and with higher hemoglobin concentrations in the whole sample. Our results suggest that the fiber content of fruits and vegetables influences iron stores in premenopausal women but has no influence in groups in whom nonheme-iron absorption is limited because of high iron stores. Other mechanisms are likely to be involved in the case of hemoglobin. Copyright © 2008 American Society for Nutrition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2008
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12. From 'optimal' to 'borderline' blood pressure in subjects under chronic antihypertensive therapy.

Author: Vergnaud AC, Protogerou AD, Blacher J, and Safar ME
Published: 2008
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13. Meat consumption and mortality--results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author: Pietro Ferrari, Dagrun Engeset, Timothy J. Key, Kuanrong Li, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, José María Huerta, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Christine L. Parr, Guri Skeie, Pilar Amiano, Kay-Tee Khaw, Teresa Norat, Göran Hallmans, Anne C. Vergnaud, Isabelle Romieux, Fulvio Ricceri, M. Luisa Redondo, Dimitirios Trichopoulos, Rosario Tumino, Veronika Fedirko, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Elio Riboli, Androniki Naska, Rikke Egeberg, Nicholas J. Wareham, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Emily Sonestedt, Heiner Boeing, Aurelio Barricarte, Salvatore Panico, Max Leenders, Manuela M. Bergmann, Laura Nailler, Isabel Drake, Paula Jakszyn, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Domenico Palli, Sabine Rohrmann, Vittorio Krogh, Antonia Trichopoulou, María José Sánchez, Jakob Linseisen, Petra H.M. Peeters, Ingegerd Johansson, Francesca L. Crowe, Rudolf Kaaks, Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Zurich, Rohrmann, Sabine, [Rohrmann,S] Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Rohrmann,S., Li,K, Kaaks,R, Linseisen,J] Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany. [Overvad,K, Jakobsen,MU] Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.[Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Leenders,M] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Egeberg,R, Tjønneland,A] Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nailler,L, Boutron-Ruault,MC, Clavel-Chapelon,F] Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Nailler,L, Clavel-Chapelon,F] Paris South University, UMRS, Villejuif, France. [Krogh,V] Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. [Palli,D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy. [Panico,S] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, 'Civile - M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, Ragusa, Italy. [Ricceri,F] HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation - Torino, Torino, Italy. [Bergmann,MM, Boeing,H] Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany. [Khaw,KT] Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK. [Wareham,NJ] Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge UK. [Crowe,FL, Key,TJ] Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Naska,A, Trichopoulou,A] WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulou,A, Trichopoulos,D] Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulos,D] Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA, USA.Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. [Peeters,PHM] Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Peeters,PHM, Norat,T, Vergnaud,AC, Riboli,E] School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK. [Engeset,D, Skeie,G] Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. [Parr,CL] Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [Jakszyn,P] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain. [Sánchez,MJ, Huerta,JM] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. [Sánchez,MJ, Barricarte,A, Amiano,P] Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Spain. [Huerta,JM] Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain. [Redondo,ML] Public Health Directorate Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. [Barricarte,A] Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain. [Amiano,P] Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BIODonostia Research Institute, Department of Health of the Regional Government of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain. [Drake,I, Sonestedt,E] Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. [Hallmans,G] Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutrition Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Johansson,I] Department of Odontology, Cariology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Fedirko,V, Romieux,I, Ferrari,P] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. [Linseisen,J] Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany., Europe Against Cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, ISCIII RCESP exp. C03/09, Spain, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, United Kingdom, Stroke Association, United Kingdom, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, United Kingdom, Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom, the Hellenic Health Foundation and the Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian National Research Council, Fondazione-Istituto Banco Napoli, Italy, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skåne, Sweden, Nordforsk the Norwegian Cancer Society, French League against Cancer (LNCC), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), France, 3M Co, France, Gustave Roussy Institute (IGR), France, and General Councils of France, BMC, Ed., Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori - National Cancer Institute [Milan], Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Civile - M.P.Arezzo Hospital, HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation - Torino, Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Epidemiology Unit, Medical Research Council, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, University of Athens Medical School [Athens], Hellenic Health Foundation, Harvard School of Public Health, Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Julius Center, University Medical Center [Utrecht], School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Biostatistics [Oslo], Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [Oslo], Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Andalusian School of Public Health [Granada], Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia Regional Health Council, Public Health Directorate Asturias, Navarre Public Health Institute, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BIODonostia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Department of Odontology, Cariology, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, University of Oxford [Oxford], Rohrmann, S, Overvad, K, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Jakobsen, Mu, Egeberg, R, Tj?nneland, A, Nailler, L, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Clavel Chapelon, F, Krogh, V, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Bergmann, Mm, Boeing, H, Li, K, Kaaks, R, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, Nj, Crowe, Fl, Key, Tj, Naska, A, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Leenders, M, Peeters, Ph, Engeset, D, Parr, Cl, Skeie, G, Jakszyn, P, S?nchez, Mj, Huerta, Jm, Redondo, Ml, Barricarte, A, Amiano, P, Drake, I, Sonestedt, E, Hallmans, G, Johansson, I, Fedirko, V, Romieux, I, Ferrari, P, Norat, T, Vergnaud, Ac, Riboli, E, and Linseisen, J.
Subjects: Male, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Colorectal cancer, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Survival Analysis [Medical Subject Headings], Review, Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings], 2700 General Medicine, DISEASE, COLORECTAL-CANCER, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Nutrition: 811, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort Studies, Diet, Meat, Mortality, Cohort, Europe, Cardiovascular, Cancer, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Health Surveys::Nutrition Surveys [Medical Subject Headings], 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Medicine(all), RISK, CALIBRATION, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, cardiovascular, Diabetes, Hazard ratio, food and beverages, cohort, General Medicine, Diseases::Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Neoplasias, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Näringslära, Cardiovascular Diseases, Red meat, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Female, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Americas::North America::United States [Medical Subject Headings], CERTIFICATES, Research Article, Cohort study, Technology, Industry, Agriculture::Food and Beverages::Food::Meat [Medical Subject Headings], Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Processed meat, Estudios de cohortes, Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings], 610 Medicine & health, Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings], Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Feeding Behavior [Medical Subject Headings], VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Ernæring: 811, VEGETARIANS, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings], medicine, cancer, Humans, ddc:610, Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings], Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Oncology: 762, 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, mortality, Survival Analysis, United States, Surgery, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Onkologi: 762, RED MEAT, Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Commentary, 21-YEAR FOLLOW-UP, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract: Background Recently, some US cohorts have shown a moderate association between red and processed meat consumption and mortality supporting the results of previous studies among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with the risk of early death in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods Included in the analysis were 448,568 men and women without prevalent cancer, stroke, or myocardial infarction, and with complete information on diet, smoking, physical activity and body mass index, who were between 35 and 69 years old at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association of meat consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results As of June 2009, 26,344 deaths were observed. After multivariate adjustment, a high consumption of red meat was related to higher all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.28, 160+ versus 10 to 19.9 g/day), and the association was stronger for processed meat (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.66, 160+ versus 10 to 19.9 g/day). After correction for measurement error, higher all-cause mortality remained significant only for processed meat (HR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.25, per 50 g/d). We estimated that 3.3% (95% CI 1.5% to 5.0%) of deaths could be prevented if all participants had a processed meat consumption of less than 20 g/day. Significant associations with processed meat intake were observed for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and 'other causes of death'. The consumption of poultry was not related to all-cause mortality. Conclusions The results of our analysis support a moderate positive association between processed meat consumption and mortality, in particular due to cardiovascular diseases, but also to cancer.
Published: 2013

14. Novel Blood Pressure Locus and Gene Discovery Using Genome-Wide Association Study and Expression Data Sets from Blood and the Kidney

Author: Peter Vollenweider, Christophe Tzourio, Stefan Enroth, Cinzia Sala, Mark J. Caulfield, Murielle Bochud, Peter P. Pramstaller, Ozren Polasek, Paul Elliott, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Daniel I. Chasman, Christian Gieger, Harriëtte Riese, Rodney J. Scott, Cristina Menni, Anubha Mahajan, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Ilja M. Nolte, Priyanka Nandakumar, Tatijana Zemunik, Dragana Vuckovic, Tõnu Esko, Franco Giulianini, Michael Boehnke, Antonietta Robino, Anne U. Jackson, Roby Joehanes, Alanna C. Morrison, Kay-Tee Khaw, Alison Pattie, Peter J. van der Most, Mika Kähönen, Rick Jansen, Andrew D. Johnson, John M. Starr, Marcus Dörr, Anders Hamsten, Kenneth Rice, Alice Stanton, James F. Wilson, Nabi Shah, Weihua Zhang, Andrew A. Hicks, Jeffrey Damman, Jing Hua Zhao, Aarno Palotie, Veronique Vitart, Alan J. Gow, Caroline Hayward, Alan James, Ben A. Oostra, Janina S. Ried, John Beilby, David P. Strachan, Martin D. Tobin, Eco J. C. de Geus, Vilmundur Gudnason, Bruce M. Psaty, Zoltán Kutalik, Neil Poulter, Paul M. Ridker, Johan Sundström, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Eleftheria Zeggini, Christopher Oldmeadow, Borbala Mifsud, Giorgia Girotto, Aravinda Chakravarti, Jonathan Marten, Alexander Teumer, Joanne Knight, Robert A. Scott, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Paul F. O'Reilly, Marco Brumat, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Peter J. Munson, Olli T. Raitakari, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, He Gao, Massimo Mangino, Benjamin Lehne, J. Wouter Jukema, Paul Knekt, Catharina A. Hartman, Rona J. Strawbridge, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Jaspal S. Kooner, Nilesh J. Samani, Kristin L. Ayers, A. Mesut Erzurumluoglu, Joshua C. Bis, Archie Campbell, Dan E. Arking, Germaine C. Verwoert, John Attia, Samuli Ripatti, Yuri Milaneschi, Caterina Barbieri, Fabiola M. Del Greco, C M Lindgren, Peter K. Joshi, Helen R. Warren, Nicholas J. Wareham, Simon Thom, Seppo Koskinen, Tamara B. Harris, Ilaria Gandin, Kent D. Taylor, Andrew D. Morris, Anna Morgan, Chiara Batini, Terho Lehtimäki, Walter Palmas, David Conen, Harold Snieder, Martin H. de Borst, Sarah E. Harris, Igor Rudan, Ruth J. F. Loos, Claudia Langenberg, Anuj Goel, Christopher P. Nelson, Peter S. Braund, Rossella Sorice, Yasaman Saba, Oscar H. Franco, Yongmei Liu, Mattias Frånberg, David S. Siscovick, Patricia B. Munroe, Rainer Rettig, Michela Traglia, Daniel Levy, Li Lin, Michael R. Barnes, Elin Org, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Andres Metspalu, Stéphanie Debette, Yusuf Demirkale, John M. C. Connell, Jian'an Luan, Paolo Gasparini, Tim D. Spector, Marina Ciullo, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Ian J. Deary, Teemu J. Niiranen, Marty Larson, Heather J. Cordell, Jerome I. Rotter, Sekar Kathiresan, Teresa Nutile, Andrew P. Morris, Denis C. Shields, Alan F. Wright, Lorna M. Lopez, Aki S. Havulinna, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Edith Hofer, Siim Sõber, Sébastien Thériault, Ahmad Vaez, Albert Hofman, Gonneke Willemsen, Lynda M. Rose, John C. Chambers, Peter S. Sever, Maryam Abedi, André G. Uitterlinden, François Mach, Massimiliano Cocca, Sarah H Wild, Reinhold Schmidt, Jaume Marrugat, Marc A. Seelen, Maris Laan, Aude Saint Pierre, David C. Liewald, Pim van der Harst, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Martin Farrall, Georg Ehret, Albert V. Smith, Quang Tri Nguyen, Ulf Gyllensten, Helena Schmidt, Ganesh Chauhan, Jennifer E. Huffman, Morris A. Swertz, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Louise V. Wain, Meixia Ren, Erwin P. Bottinger, Roberto Elosua, Ivana Kolcic, Veikko Salomaa, Stella Trompet, Bernard Keavney, Claudia P. Cabrera, Bram P. Prins, Jennie Hui, Uwe Völker, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Evangelos Evangelou, Pekka Jousilahti, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, Shih-Jen Hwang, Jie Yao, Francis S. Collins, Chrysovalanto Mamasoula, Kati Kristiansson, Markus Perola, Renée de Mutsert, Xiuqing Guo, Antti Jula, Daniela Toniolo, Ruifang Li-Gao, Åsa Johansson, Nick Shrine, Teresa Ferreira, Lars Lind, David J. Stott, Tineka Blake, Daniela Ruggiero, Mike A. Nalls, Erik Ingelsson, Colin N. A. Palmer, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Guillaume Paré, Joris Deelen, Morris Brown, Gail Davies, Annette Peters, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Alex S. F. Doney, Najaf Amin, Lenore J. Launer, Hugh Watkins, Yingchang Lu, Wain, Lv, Vaez, A, Jansen, R, Joehanes, R, van der Most, Pj, Erzurumluoglu, Am, O'Reilly, Pf, Cabrera, Cp, Warren, Hr, Rose, Lm, Verwoert, Gc, Hottenga, Jj, Strawbridge, Rj, Esko, T, Arking, De, Hwang, Sj, Guo, X, Kutalik, Z, Trompet, S, Shrine, N, Teumer, A, Ried, J, Bis, Jc, Smith, Av, Amin, N, Nolte, Im, Lyytikäinen, Lp, Mahajan, A, Wareham, Nj, Hofer, E, Joshi, Pk, Kristiansson, K, Traglia, M, Havulinna, A, Goel, A, Nalls, Ma, Sõber, S, Vuckovic, Dragana, Luan, J, Del Greco, M. F, Ayers, Kl, Marrugat, J, Ruggiero, D, Lopez, Lm, Niiranen, T, Enroth, S, Jackson, Au, Nelson, Cp, Huffman, Je, Zhang, W, Marten, J, Gandin, I, Harris, Se, Zemunik, T, Lu, Y, Evangelou, E, Shah, N, de Borst, Mh, Mangino, M, Prins, Bp, Campbell, A, Li Gao, R, Chauhan, G, Oldmeadow, C, Abecasis, G, Abedi, M, Barbieri, Cm, Barnes, Mr, Batini, C, Beilby, J, Blake, T, Boehnke, M, Bottinger, Ep, Braund, P, Brown, M, Brumat, M, Campbell, H, Chambers, Jc, Cocca, M, Collins, F, Connell, J, Cordell, Hj, Damman, Jj, Davies, G, de Geus, Ej, de Mutsert, R, Deelen, J, Demirkale, Y, Doney, Asf, Dörr, M, Farrall, M, Ferreira, T, Frånberg, M, Gao, H, Giedraitis, V, Gieger, C, Giulianini, F, Gow, Aj, Hamsten, A, Harris, Tb, Hofman, A, Holliday, Eg, Hui, J, Jarvelin, Mr, Johansson, Å, Johnson, Ad, Jousilahti, P, Jula, A, Kähönen, M, Kathiresan, S, Khaw, Kt, Kolcic, I, Koskinen, S, Langenberg, C, Larson, M, Launer, Lj, Lehne, B, Liewald, Dcm, Lin, L, Lind, L, Mach, F, Mamasoula, C, Menni, C, Mifsud, B, Milaneschi, Y, Morgan, Anna, Morris, Ad, Morrison, Ac, Munson, Pj, Nandakumar, P, Nguyen, Qt, Nutile, T, Oldehinkel, Aj, Oostra, Ba, Org, E, Padmanabhan, S, Palotie, A, Paré, G, Pattie, A, Penninx, Bwjh, Poulter, N, Pramstaller, Pp, Raitakari, Ot, Ren, M, Rice, K, Ridker, Pm, Riese, H, Ripatti, S, Robino, A, Rotter, Ji, Rudan, I, Saba, Y, Saint Pierre, A, Sala, Cf, Sarin, Ap, Schmidt, R, Scott, R, Seelen, Ma, Shields, Dc, Siscovick, D, Sorice, R, Stanton, A, Stott, Dj, Sundström, J, Swertz, M, Taylor, Kd, Thom, S, Tzoulaki, I, Tzourio, C, Uitterlinden, Ag, Völker, U, Vollenweider, P, Wild, S, Willemsen, G, Wright, Af, Yao, J, Thériault, S, Conen, D, Attia, J, Sever, P, Debette, S, Mook Kanamori, Do, Zeggini, E, Spector, Td, van der Harst, P, Palmer, Cna, Vergnaud, Ac, Loos, Rjf, Polasek, O, Starr, Jm, Girotto, Giorgia, Hayward, C, Kooner, J, Lindgren, Cm, Vitart, V, Samani, Nj, Tuomilehto, J, Gyllensten, U, Knekt, P, Deary, Ij, Ciullo, M, Elosua, R, Keavney, Bd, Hicks, Aa, Scott, Ra, Gasparini, Paolo, Laan, M, Liu, Y, Watkins, H, Hartman, Ca, Salomaa, V, Toniolo, D, Perola, M, Wilson, Jf, Schmidt, H, Zhao, Jh, Lehtimäki, T, van Duijn, Cm, Gudnason, V, Psaty, Bm, Peters, A, Rettig, R, James, A, Jukema, Jw, Strachan, Dp, Palmas, W, Metspalu, A, Ingelsson, E, Boomsma, Di, Franco, Oh, Bochud, M, Newton Cheh, C, Munroe, Pb, Elliott, P, Chasman, Di, Chakravarti, A, Knight, J, Morris, Ap, Levy, D, Tobin, Md, Snieder, H, Caulfield, Mj, Ehret, G. b., Home Office, Medical Research Council (MRC), National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, British Heart Foundation, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Vascular Ageing Programme (VAP), Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Epidemiology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical Genetics, Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC other, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Epidemiology and Data Science, Division 6, APH - Mental Health, APH - Digital Health, Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, and APH - Methodology
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, cardiovascular risk, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), hypertension, NETHERLANDS, Sistema cardiovascular -- Malalties, GWAS, blood pressure, complex traits, eSNP, Locus (genetics), Genome-wide association study, Disease, Biology, PERIPHERAL-BLOOD, 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genetic variation, Internal Medicine, Journal Article, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, 1000 Genomes Project, Gene, CENTRIC ARRAY, METAANALYSIS, Genetics, ddc:616, Kardiologi, PULSE PRESSURE, COMMON VARIANTS, 1103 Clinical Sciences, ta3121, 3. Good health, INDIVIDUALS, 030104 developmental biology, Blood pressure, TARGET, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, complex trait, GWAS, blood pressure, cardiovascular risk, complex traits, eSNP, hypertension, Hipertensió, Imputation (genetics), TRAITS
Abstract: Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has a substantial genetic contribution. Genetic variation influencing blood pressure has the potential to identify new pharmacological targets for the treatment of hypertension. To discover additional novel blood pressure loci, we used 1000 Genomes Project–based imputation in 150 134 European ancestry individuals and sought significant evidence for independent replication in a further 228 245 individuals. We report 6 new signals of association in or near HSPB7 , TNXB , LRP12 , LOC283335 , SEPT9 , and AKT2 , and provide new replication evidence for a further 2 signals in EBF2 and NFKBIA . Combining large whole-blood gene expression resources totaling 12 607 individuals, we investigated all novel and previously reported signals and identified 48 genes with evidence for involvement in blood pressure regulation that are significant in multiple resources. Three novel kidney-specific signals were also detected. These robustly implicated genes may provide new leads for therapeutic innovation.
Published: 2017

15. Is concordance with World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines for cancer prevention related to subsequent risk of cancer? Results from the EPIC study

Author: Elio Riboli, Mazda Jenab, Kim Overvad, Carla H. van Gils, Doris S. M. Chan, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Rudolf Kaaks, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, Giovanna Masala, Aurelio Barricarte, María José Sánchez, Heiner Boeing, Nicholas J. Wareham, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Carmen Navarro, Christina C. Dahm, Pietro Ferrari, Guri Skeie, Anne Von Rüsten, Christina Bamia, Anne M. May, Christine L. Parr, Birgit Teucher, Frederike L. Büchner, Jonas Manjer, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Miren Dorronsoro, José Ramón Quirós, Göran Hallmans, Guy Fagherazzi, Paolo Vineis, Sabina Sieri, Teresa Norat, Nadia Slimani, Kristin Benjaminsen Borch, Carlos González, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Isabelle Romieu, Dora Romaguera, Rosario Tumino, Anne Tjønneland, Florence Perquier, Kay-Tee Khaw, Petra H.M. Peeters, Ingegerd Johansson, Francesca L. Crowe, Timothy J. Key, Anja Olsen, Romaguera, D, Vergnaud, Ac, Peeters, Ph, van Gils, Ch, Chan, D, Ferrari, P, Romieu, I, Jenab, M, Slimani, N, Clavel Chapelon, F, Fagherazzi, G, Perquier, F, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, von R?sten, A, Tj?nneland, A, Olsen, A, Dahm, Cc, Overvad, K, Quir?s, Jr, Gonzalez, Ca, S?nchez, Mj, Navarro, C, Barricarte, A, Dorronsoro, M, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, Nj, Crowe, Fl, Key, Tj, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Bamia, C, Masala, G, Vineis, P, Tumino, R, Sieri, S, Panico, Salvatore, May, Am, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, B?chner, Fl, Wirf?lt, E, Manjer, J, Johansson, I, Hallmans, G, Skeie, G, Benjaminsen Borch, K, Parr, Cl, Riboli, E, and Norat, T.
Subjects: Adult, Male, Risk, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, Organizations, Nonprofit, Medicine (miscellaneous), Guidelines as Topic, Health Promotion, Motor Activity, Nutrition Policy, Cohort Studies, Breast cancer, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Stomach cancer, Life Style, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cancer prevention, business.industry, Incidence, International Agencies, Cancer, Middle Aged, Overweight, medicine.disease, Diet, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, Cancer research, Patient Compliance, Female, business, Breast feeding
Abstract: Background: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute of Cancer Research (AICR) issued 8 recommendations (plus 2 special recommendations) on diet, physical activity, and weight management for cancer prevention on the basis of the most comprehensive collection of available evidence. Objective: We aimed to investigate whether concordance with the WCRF/AICR recommendations was related to cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Design: The present study included 386,355 EPIC participants from 9 European countries. At recruitment, dietary, anthropometric, and lifestyle information was collected. A score was constructed based on the WCRF/AICR recommendations on weight management, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods, alcoholic drinks, and breastfeeding for women; the score range was 0-6 for men and 0-7 for women. Higher scores indicated greater concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations. The association between the score and cancer risk was estimated by using multivariable Cox regression models. Results: Concordance with the score was significantly associated with decreased risk of cancer. A 1-point increment in the score was associated with a risk reduction of 5% (95% Cl: 3%, 7%) for total cancer, 12% (95% CI: 9%, 16%) for colorectal cancer, and 16% (95% CI: 9%, 22%) for stomach cancer. Significant associations were also observed for cancers of the breast, endometrium, lung, kidney, upper aerodigestive tract, liver, and esophagus but not for prostate, ovarian, pancreatic, and bladder cancers. Conclusion: Adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations for cancer prevention may lower the risk of developing most types of cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96:150-63.
Published: 2012

16. Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author: Leenders, M., Leufkens, A.M., Siersema, P.D., Duijnhoven, F.J.B. van, Vrieling, A., Hulshof, P.J., Gils, C.H. van, Overvad, K., Roswall, N., Kyro, C., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Fagerhazzi, G., Cadeau, C., Kuhn, T., Johnson, T., Boeing, H., Aleksandrova, K., Trichopoulou, A., Klinaki, E., Androulidaki, A., Palli, D., Grioni, S., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Bakker, M.F., Skeie, G., Weiderpass, E., Jakszyn, P., Barricarte, A., Huerta, J. Maria, Molina-Montes, E., Arguelles, M., Johansson, I., Ljuslinder, I., Key, T.J., Bradbury, K.E., Khaw, K.T., Wareham, N.J., Ferrari, P., Duarte-Salles, T., Jenab, M., Gunter, M.J., Vergnaud, A.C., Wark, P.A., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Leenders, M, Leufkens, Am, Siersema, Pd, van Duijnhoven, Fj, Vrieling, A, Hulshof, Pj, van Gils, Ch, Overvad, K, Roswall, N, Kyr?, C, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Fagerhazzi, G, Cadeau, C, K?hn, T, Johnson, T, Boeing, H, Aleksandrova, K, Trichopoulou, A, Klinaki, E, Androulidaki, A, Palli, D, Grioni, S, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Bakker, Mf, Skeie, G, Weiderpass, E, Jakszyn, P, Barricarte, A, Mar?a Huerta, J, Molina Montes, E, Arg?elles, M, Johansson, I, Ljuslinder, I, Key, Tj, Bradbury, Ke, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, Nj, Ferrari, P, Duarte Salles, T, Jenab, M, Gunter, Mj, Vergnaud, Ac, Wark, Pa, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), IRAS RATIA2, and Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents
Subjects: Adult, Male, Ascorbic Acid, Antioxidants, Fruits and vegetables, Body Mass Index, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Odds Ratio, Humans, Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Aged, Rectal Neoplasms, Incidence, Vitamins, Middle Aged, Colorectal cancer, Carotenoids, Diet, Europe, Oxidative Stress, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Case-Control Studies, Colonic Neoplasms, Multivariate Analysis, Female
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext Carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E are possibly associated with a reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through antioxidative properties. The association of prediagnostic plasma concentrations and dietary consumption of carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E with the risk of colon and rectal cancer was examined in this case-control study, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids (alpha- and beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin) and vitamins A (retinol), C and E (alpha-, beta- and gamma- and delta-tocopherol) and dietary consumption of beta-carotene and vitamins A, C and E were determined in 898 colon cancer cases, 501 rectal cancer cases and 1,399 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were performed to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An association was observed between higher prediagnostic plasma retinol concentration and a lower risk of colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.87, p for trend = 0.01), most notably proximal colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.77, p for trend = 0.01). Additionally, inverse associations for dietary beta-carotene and dietary vitamins C and E with (distal) colon cancer were observed. Although other associations were suggested, there seems little evidence for a role of these selected compounds in preventing CRC through their antioxidative properties.
Published: 2014

17. Adherence to the mediterranean diet and risk of breast cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort study

Author: Eiliv Lund, Pilar Amiano, M. C. Boutron-Ruault, Rudolf Kaaks, M-D Chirlaque, Teresa Norat, Ingegerd Johansson, Anette Hjartåker, Aurelio Barricarte, Anne Tjønneland, Guri Skeie, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Naomi E. Allen, F J Bvan Duijnhoven, Kay-Tee Khaw, Leila Lujan-Barroso, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, María José Sánchez, Elio Riboli, Antonio Agudo, Isabelle Romieu, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, L. Rodríguez, Domenico Palli, C. A. Gonzalez, A. Olsen, Heiner Boeing, H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, Göran Hallmans, Kim Overvad, Pagona Lagiou, Genevieve Buckland, Antonia Trichopoulou, Noémie Travier, B Teucher, Vanessa Cottet, Jonas Manjer, F. Clavel-Chapelon, Nicholas J. Wareham, Christina C. Dahm, Valerie McCormack, Claudia Agnoli, Dora Romaguera, Rosario Tumino, A. M. May, Timothy J. Key, Paolo Vineis, Petra H.M. Peeters, Michael Bergmann, Buckland, G, Travier, N, Cottet, V, Gonz?lez, Ca, Luj?n Barroso, L, Agudo, A, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Peeters, Ph, May, A, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Bvan Duijnhoven, Fj, Key, Tj, Allen, N, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Romieu, I, Mccormack, V, Boutron Ruault, M, Clavel Chapelon, F, Panico, Salvatore, Agnoli, C, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Amiano, P, Barricarte, A, Rodr?guez, L, Sanchez, Mj, Chirlaque, Md, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Bergmann, Mm, Overvad, K, Dahm, Cc, Tj?nneland, A, Olsen, A, Manjer, J, Wirf?lt, E, Hallmans, G, Johansson, I, Lund, E, Hjart?ker, A, Skeie, G, Vergnaud, Ac, Norat, T, Romaguera, D, and Riboli, E.
Subjects: Oncology, Questionnaires, Cancer Research, validity, Mediterranean diet, Nutrition and Disease, population, postmenopausal women, Diet, Mediterranean, 0302 clinical medicine, Voeding en Ziekte, Surveys and Questionnaires, estrogen, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, education.field_of_study, Incidence, Hazard ratio, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Menopause, Europe, Receptors, Estrogen, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, fatty-acid, Receptors, Progesterone, Cohort study, metaanalysis, rationale, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Breast Neoplasms, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, patterns, education, Life Style, VLAG, Gynecology, disease, business.industry, medicine.disease, calibration, business
Abstract: Epidemiological evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet (MD) could reduce the risk of breast cancer (BC). As evidence from the prospective studies remains scarce and conflicting, we investigated the association between adherence to the MD and risk of BC among 335,062 women recruited from 1992 to 2000, in ten European countries, and followed for 11 years on average. Adherence to the MD was estimated through an adapted relative Mediterranean diet (arMED) score excluding alcohol. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used while adjusting for BC risk factors. A total of 9,009 postmenopausal and 1,216 premenopausal first primary incident invasive BC were identified (5,862 estrogen or progesterone receptor positive [ER+/PR+] and 1,018 estrogen and progesterone receptor negative [ER-/PR-]). The arMED was inversely associated with the risk of BC overall and in postmenopausal women (high vs. low arMED score; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.94 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88, 1.00] ptrend = 0.048, and HR = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.87, 0.99] ptrend = 0.037, respectively). The association was more pronounced in ER-/PR- tumors (HR = 0.80 [95% CI: 0.65, 0.99] ptrend = 0.043). The arMED score was not associated with BC in premenopausal women. Our findings show that adherence to a MD excluding alcohol was related to a modest reduced risk of BC in postmenopausal women, and this association was stronger in receptor-negative tumors. The results support the potential scope for BC prevention through dietary modification. What's new? Many factors can affect susceptibility to breast cancer, including menopausal status and diet. This study investigated the association between breast cancer and an adapted version of the "Mediterranean diet," excluding alcohol. They found that the diet reduced the risk of breast cancer by 6% overall, and by 7% in postmenopausal women. For tumors lacking the estrogen or progesterone receptors, however, the diet reduced risk by 20% in postmenopausal women. Copyright © 2012 UICC.
Published: 2013

18. Macronutrient Composition of the Diet and Prospective Weight Change in Participants of the EPIC-PANACEA Study

Author: Göran Hallmans, Tonje Braaten, Anne M. May, Rudolf Kaaks, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Androniki Naska, Heinz Freisling, Amalia Mattiello, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Florence Perquier, Anne Tjønneland, Emily Sonestedt, Petra H.M. Peeters, Heiner Boeing, Jytte Halkjær, Birgit Teucher, Kay-Tee Khaw, Dora Romaguera, Eiliv Lund, Aurelio Barricarte, Rosario Tumino, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Nadia Slimani, Antonia Trichopoulou, Francesca L. Crowe, Pilar Amiano, Nicholas J. Wareham, Laudina Rodríguez, Kim Overvad, Fulvio Ricceri, María Dolores Chirlaque, Isabel Drake, Franco Berrino, Elio Riboli, Domenico Palli, Esther Molina-Montes, Philippos Orfanos, Guri Skeie, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Traci Mouw, Teresa Norat, Daphne L. van der A, Antonio Agudo, Isabelle Romieu, Ingeged Johansson, Brian Buijsse, [Vergnaud,AC, Norat,T, Mouw,T, Romaguera,D, Riboli,E, Peeters,PHM] Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. [May,AM, Peeters,PHM] Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [May,AM, Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB, van der A,HD] National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Agudo,A] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain. [Wareham,N] Medical Research Council, Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Khaw,KT] Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Romieu,I, Freisling,H, Slimani,N] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France. [Perquier,F, Boutron-Ruault,MC, Clavel-Chapelon,F] Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Villejuif, France. Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Palli,D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, CSPO-Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy. [Berrino,F] Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, IRCCS Foundation, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy. [Mattiello,A] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘‘Civile M.p.Arezzo’’ Hospital, Ragusa, Italy. [Ricceri,F] Human Genetics Foundation, HuGeF, Turin, Italy. [Rodríguez,L] Public Health and Participation Directorate, Health and Health Care Services Council, Asturias, Spain. [Molina-Montes,E] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. [Amiano,P] Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain and Biodonostia [sic]. [Barricarte,A] Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain. [Molina-Montes,E, Amiano,P, Barricarte,A, Chirlaque,MD] Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Spain. [Chirlaque,MD] Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain. [Crowe,FL] Cancer Epidemiology Unit Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. [Orfanos,P, Naska,A, Trichopoulou,A] WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece. [Teucher,B, Kaaks,R] Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. [Boeing,H, Buijsse,B] Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany. [Johansson,I] Department of Odontology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. [Hallmans,G] Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. [Drake,I, Sonestedt,E] Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Nutrition Epidemiology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. [Jakobsen, MU, Overvad,K] Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. [Overvad,K] Department of Cardiology Center for Cardiovascular Research Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. [Tjønneland,A, Halkjær,J] Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Skeie,G, Braaten,T, Lund,E] Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway., This publication arises from the project PANACEA, which has received funding from the European Union, in the framework of the Public Health Programme (project number: 2005328). The work was further financially supported by the European Commission: Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate 1993–2004, Research Directorate-General 2005-.’’, Ligue contre le Cancer, Societe´ 3M, Mutuelle Ge´ne´ rale de l9Education Nationale, Institut National de la Sante´ et de la Recherche Me´dicale (INSERM) (France), German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Danish Cancer Society (Denmark), Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, The participating regional governments and institutions (Spain), Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, Stroke Association, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, Food Standards Agency, the Wellcome Trust (United Kingdom), Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, Hellenic Health Foundation and Stavros Niarchos Foundation (Greece), Italian Association for Research on Cancer, National Research Council (Italy), Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Ministry of Health, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) (The Netherlands), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skane and Va¨sterbotten (Sweden), and Norwegian Research Council (Norway).
Subjects: PROTEIN-INTAKE, Non-Clinical Medicine, Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Body Weight::Body Weight Changes::Weight Gain [Medical Subject Headings], Obesidad, Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Weight Gain, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Proteínas en la Dieta, Ingestión de Energía, Body Mass Index, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Nutrition: 811, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Morbid obesity, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Aumento de Peso, Medicine, Poisson Distribution, Prospective Studies, Cuestionarios, lcsh:Science, Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Body Weight::Overweight [Medical Subject Headings], LOW-FAT DIET, 0303 health sciences, Anthropometry, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings], Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings], LOW-CARBOHYDRATE, Humanos, 3. Good health, Näringslära, Carbohidratos en la Dieta, Cohort, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Dieta, Dietary Proteins, Factores de riesgo, Anciano, Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Dietary Carbohydrates [Medical Subject Headings], Obesitat mòrbida, CONTROLLED-TRIAL, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Ernæring: 811, 03 medical and health sciences, Dietary Carbohydrates, Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings], Humans, Aged, Survey Research, Science & Technology, MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES, lcsh:R, Weight change, medicine.disease, Obesity, Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings], ENERGY-INTAKE, Anthropology, Linear Models, RISK-FACTORS, lcsh:Q, Physiological Processes, Body mass index, EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, Demography, Índice de Masa Corporal, Gerontology, Anatomy and Physiology, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, lcsh:Medicine, Overweight, Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Dietary Proteins [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort Studies, Mediana Edad, Risk Factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, Multidisciplinary, Adulto, Estudios Prospectivos, Middle Aged, Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Energy Intake [Medical Subject Headings], Europe, Glycemic index, Distribución de Poisson, medicine.symptom, Europa, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Statistical Distributions::Poisson Distribution [Medical Subject Headings], GLYCEMIC-INDEX, Research Article, Adult, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Clinical Research Design, Modelos Lineales, UNITED-STATES, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings], Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings], Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models, Statistical::Linear Models [Medical Subject Headings], Nutrition, Health Care Policy, business.industry, Health Risk Analysis, Diet, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Sobrepeso, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, business, Weight gain
Abstract: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; BACKGROUND The effect of the macronutrient composition of the usual diet on long term weight maintenance remains controversial. METHODS 373,803 subjects aged 25-70 years were recruited in 10 European countries (1992-2000) in the PANACEA project of the EPIC cohort. Diet was assessed at baseline using country-specific validated questionnaires and weight and height were measured at baseline and self-reported at follow-up in most centers. The association between weight change after 5 years of follow-up and the iso-energetic replacement of 5% of energy from one macronutrient by 5% of energy from another macronutrient was assessed using multivariate linear mixed-models. The risk of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to initial Body Mass Index. RESULTS A higher proportion of energy from fat at the expense of carbohydrates was not significantly associated with weight change after 5 years. However, a higher proportion of energy from protein at the expense of fat was positively associated with weight gain. A higher proportion of energy from protein at the expense of carbohydrates was also positively associated with weight gain, especially when carbohydrates were rich in fibre. The association between percentage of energy from protein and weight change was slightly stronger in overweight participants, former smokers, participants ≥60 years old, participants underreporting their energy intake and participants with a prudent dietary pattern. Compared to diets with no more than 14% of energy from protein, diets with more than 22% of energy from protein were associated with a 23-24% higher risk of becoming overweight or obese in normal weight and overweight subjects at baseline. CONCLUSION Our results show that participants consuming an amount of protein above the protein intake recommended by the American Diabetes Association may experience a higher risk of becoming overweight or obese during adult life. Yes
Published: 2013

19. Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines and risk of death in Europe: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer cohort study1,4

Author: Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Romaguera, Dora, Peeters, Petra H, van Gils, Carla H, Chan, Doris S M, Romieu, Isabelle, Freisling, Heinz, Ferrari, Pietro, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Fagherazzi, Guy, Dartois, Laureen, Li, Kuanrong, Tikk, Kaja, Bergmann, Manuela M, Boeing, Heiner, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina Catherine, Redondo, Maria Luisa, Agudo, Antonio, Sánchez, María-José, Amiano, Pilar, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick J, Crowe, Francesca, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Orfanos, Philippos, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, May, Anne, Wirfält, Elisabet, Sonestedt, Emily, Johansson, Ingegerd, Hallmans, Göran, Lund, Eiliv, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Parr, Christine L, Riboli, Elio, Norat, Teresa, Vergnaud, Ac, Romaguera, D, Peeters, Ph, van Gils, Ch, Chan, D, Romieu, I, Freisling, H, Ferrari, P, Clavel Chapelon, F, Fagherazzi, G, Dartois, L, Li, K, Tikk, K, Bergmann, Mm, Boeing, H, Tj?nneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Dahm, Cc, Redondo, Ml, Agudo, A, S?nchez, Mj, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, Md, Ardanaz, E, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, Nj, Crowe, F, Trichopoulou, A, Orfanos, P, Trichopoulos, D, Masala, G, Sieri, S, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Ros, Mm, May, A, Wirf?lt, E, Sonestedt, E, Johansson, I, Hallmans, G, Lund, E, Weiderpass, E, Parr, Cl, Riboli, E, and Norat, T.
Subjects: Adult, Male, Questionnaires, European Continental Ancestry Group, Guidelines as Topic, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Nutrition Surveys, Diet, Cohort Studies, Europe, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, Humans, Patient Compliance, Female, Prospective Studies, Energy Intake, Life Style, Aged, Follow-Up Studies, Proportional Hazards Models, Molecular epidemiology Aetiology, screening and detection [NCEBP 1]
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: In 2007, the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) issued recommendations on diet, physical activity, and weight management for cancer prevention on the basis of the most comprehensive collection of available evidence. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations is related to risk of death. DESIGN: The current study included 378,864 participants from 9 European countries enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. At recruitment (1992-1998), dietary, anthropometric, and lifestyle information was collected. A WCRF/AICR score, which incorporated 6 of the WCRF/AICR recommendations for men [regarding body fatness, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods, and alcoholic drinks (score range: 0-6)] and 7 WCRF/AICR recommendations for women [plus breastfeeding (score range: 0-7)], was constructed. Higher scores indicated greater concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations. Associations between the WCRF/AICR score and risks of total and cause-specific death were estimated by using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: After a median follow-up time of 12.8 y, 23,828 deaths were identified. Participants within the highest category of the WCRF/AICR score (5-6 points in men; 6-7 points in women) had a 34% lower hazard of death (95% CI: 0.59, 0.75) compared with participants within the lowest category of the WCRF/AICR score (0-2 points in men; 0-3 points in women). Significant inverse associations were observed in all countries. The WCRF/AICR score was also significantly associated with a lower hazard of dying from cancer, circulatory disease, and respiratory disease. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that following WCRF/AICR recommendations could significantly increase longevity.
Published: 2013

20. Meat and heme iron intake and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aero-digestive tract in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author: Ulrika Ericson, Petra H.M. Peeters, J. Ramón Quirós, Domenico Palli, Alessio Naccarati, Peter D. Siersema, Ingegerd Johansson, María Dolores Chirlaque, Heiner Boeing, Francesca L. Crowe, H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, Manuela M. Bergmann, Isabelle Romieu, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Pietro Ferrari, Signe Borgquist, Göran Hallmanns, Salvatore Panico, Despoina Oikonomidou, Vittorio Krogh, Pilar Amiano, Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea, Kim Overvad, Veronika Fedirko, Kay-Tee Khaw, Traci Mouw, Menelaos Pantzalis, Nicholas J. Wareham, Paula Jakszyn, Verena A. Grote, Teresa Norat, María José Sánchez, Rosario Tumino, Anne Tjønneland, Rikke Egeberg, Guri Skeie, Naomi E. Allen, Annika Steffen, Kuanrong Li, Antonia Trichopoulou, Steffen, A, Bergmann, Mm, S?nchez, Mj, Chirlaque, Md, Jakszyn, P, Amiano, P, Quir?s, Jr, Barricarte Gurrea, A, Ferrari, P, Romieu, I, Fedirko, V, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Siersema, Pd, Peeters, Ph, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Allen, Ne, Crowe, Fl, Skeie, G, Hallmanns, G, Johansson, I, Borgquist, S, Ericson, U, Egeberg, R, Tj?nneland, A, Overvad, K, Grote, V, Li, K, Trichopoulou, A, Oikonomidou, D, Pantzalis, M, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Palli, D, Krogh, V, Naccarati, A, Mouw, T, Vergnaud, Ac, Norat, T, and Boeing, H.
Subjects: Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Meat, Epidemiology, Heme iron, Heme, EPIC, Gastroenterology, Risk Assessment, Article, Cohort Studies, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Basal cell, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Laryngeal Neoplasms, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Feeding Behavior, Middle Aged, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, stomatognathic diseases, Oncology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Digestive tract, Female, Risk assessment, business, Iron, Dietary, Cohort study
Abstract: Background: Evidence from prospective studies on intake of meat and fish and risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) is scarce. We prospectively investigated the association of meat and fish intake with risk of SCC of the UADT and the possible mechanism via heme iron in the large multicenter European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Methods: Multivariable proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) of SCC of the UADT in relation to intake of total meat, as well as subtypes of meat, fish, and heme iron among 348,738 individuals from 7 European countries. Results: During an average follow-up of 11.8 years, a total of 682 incident cases of UADT SCC were accrued. Intake of processed meat was positively associated with risk of SCC of the UADT in the total cohort [highest vs. lowest quintile: RR = 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.94], however, in stratified analyses, this association was confined to the group of current smokers (highest vs. lowest quintile: RR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.22–2.93). Red meat, poultry, fish, and heme iron were not consistently related to UADT SCC. Conclusion: Higher intake of processed meat was positively associated with SCC of the UADT among smokers. Although this finding was stable in various sensitivity analyses, we cannot rule out residual confounding by smoking. Confirmation in future studies and identification of biologic mechanisms is warranted. Impact: Smokers may further increase their risk for SCC of the UADT if they additionally consume large amounts of processed meat. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(12); 2138–48. ©2012 AACR.
Published: 2012

21. Variety in vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author: Guri Skeie, Hendriek C. Boshuizen, H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, Frederike L. Büchner, F. Clavel-Chapelon, Göran Hallmans, M. C. Boutron-Ruault, J. Ramón Quirós, Rudolf Kaaks, R. Tumino, Dora Romaguera, Sabina Sieri, Kay-Tee Khaw, Björn Lindkvist, Birgit Teucher, Salvatore Panico, Teresa Norat, P. H. M. Peeters, Peter D. Siersema, Antonia Trichopoulou, Paolo Vineis, S. Regnér, Dimosthenis Zylis, Domenico Palli, Clicerio Gonzalez, Emilio Sánchez-Cantalejo, C. Navarro, Vassiliki Benetou, Brian Buijsse, Eva Ardanaz, Kim Overvad, Eiliv Lund, Timothy J. Key, Sophie Morois, M. E. Numans, N. Roswall, Ingegerd Johansson, Anne Tjønneland, Heiner Boeing, Nadia Slimani, Magritt Brustad, Christina C. Dahm, Nicholas J. Wareham, Suzanne M. Jeurnink, Pilar Amiano, Marga C. Ocké, A. C. Vergnaud, Jeurnink, Sm, B?chner, Fl, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Siersema, Pd, Boshuizen, Hc, Numans, Me, Dahm, Cc, Overvad, K, Tj?nneland, A, Roswall, N, Clavel Chapelon, F, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Morois, S, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Buijsse, B, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Zylis, D, Palli, D, Sieri, S, Vineis, P, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Ock?, Mc, Peeters, Ph, Skeie, G, Brustad, M, Lund, E, S?nchez Cantalejo, E, Navarro, C, Amiano, P, Ardanaz, E, Ram?n Quir?s, J, Hallmans, G, Johansson, I, Lindkvist, B, Regn?r, S, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Key, Tj, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Vergnaud, Ac, Romaguera, D, and Gonzalez, Ca
Subjects: Male, Oncology, Cancer Research, Esophageal Neoplasms, Nutrition and Disease, Gastroenterology, Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris, 0302 clinical medicine, Voeding en Ziekte, diet diversity, Vegetables, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, physical-activity, 2. Zero hunger, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, Esophageal cancer, epic-eurgast, PE&RC, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Adenocarcinoma, Female, vitamin-c, stomach, metaanalysis, Adult, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, cereal fiber, adenocarcinomas, epidemiologic evidence, 03 medical and health sciences, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Esophagus, Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Proportional Hazards Models, Global Nutrition, Wereldvoeding, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Cancer, medicine.disease, Fruit, Relative risk, helicobacter-pylori, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diets high in vegetables and fruits have been suggested to be inversely associated with risk of gastric cancer. However, the evidence of the effect of variety of consumption is limited. We therefore investigated whether consumption of a variety of vegetables and fruit is associated with gastric and esophageal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS: Data on food consumption and follow-up on cancer incidence was available for 452,269 participants from 10 European countries. After a mean follow-up of 8.4 years, 475 cases of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas (180 non-cardia, 185 cardia, gastric esophageal junction and esophagus, 110 not specified) and 98 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were observed. Diet Diversity Scores (DDSs) were used to quantify the variety in vegetable and fruit consumption. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to calculate risk ratios. RESULTS: Independent from quantity of consumption, variety in the consumption of vegetables and fruit combined and of fruit consumption alone were statistically significantly inversely associated with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (continuous HR per 2 products increment 0.88; 95%CI 0.79-0.97 and 0.76; 95%CI 0.62-0.94, respectively) with the latter particularly seen in ever smokers. Variety in vegetable and/or fruit consumption was not associated with risk of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSION: Independent from quantity of consumption, more variety in vegetable and fruit consumption combined and in fruit consumption alone may decrease the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, residual confounding by lifestyle factors can not be excluded. © 2012 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2012

22. Determinants of non- response to a second assessment of lifestyle factors and body weight in the EPIC-PANACEA study

Author: Dora Romaguera, Rosario Tumino, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Heiner Boeing, Carlos González, Elizabeth A Spencer, Silke Hermann, Kim Overvad, Androniki Naska, Veronica Hellstrom, Antonio Agudo, Anne Tjønneland, Jytte Halkjær, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Miren Dorronsoro, Tonje Braaten, Jonas Manjer, José María Huerta, Bo Hedblad, Nadia Slimani, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Amalia Mattiello, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Traci Mouw, Petra H.M. Peeters, Teresa Norat, Daphne L. van der A, Aurelio Barricarte, Nicholas J. Wareham, Timothy J. Key, Domenico Palli, Valeria Pala, Eiliv Lund, Elio Riboli, Anne M. May, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Laudina Rodríguez, Lotte E. Adema, Maria J. Sánchez, Philippos Orfanos, Ulf Ekelund, Antonia Trichopoulou, Annika Steffen, Sabine Rohrmann, Manuela M. Bergmann, Sabina Rinaldi, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), Epidemiology Unit, Medical Research Council, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Hellenic Health Foundation, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Department of Epidemiology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Department of Surgery, Lund University [Lund]-Malmø University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø (UiT), Nutrition, hormones et cancer: épidémiologie et prévention (E3N), Epidémiologie, sciences sociales, santé publique (IFR 69), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Health and Health Care Services Council, Andalusian School of Public Health [Granada], Epidemiology and Health Information, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Public Health Institute of Navarra, Epidemiology Department, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-Council of Health and Consumer Affairs, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Research and Prevention Institute, Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-IRCCS Foundation, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universita di Napoli, Cancer Registry, Civile - M.P.Arezzo Hospital, This work was supported by the European Union, in the framework of the Public Health Programme (project number: 2005328). The work was further financially supported by the European Commission: Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate 1993-2004, Research Directorate-General 2005-.', Ligue contre le Cancer, Societé 3 M, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France), German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Danish Cancer Society (Denmark), Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, The participating regional governments and institutions and the ISCIII of the Spanish Ministry of Health (RETICC DR06/0020) (Spain), Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, Stroke Association, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, Food Standards Agency, the Wellcome Trust (United Kingdom), Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, Hellenic Health Foundation and Stavros Niarchos Foundation (Greece), Italian Association for Research on Cancer, National Research Council (Italy), Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Dutch Ministry of Health, Dutch Prevention Funds, LK Research Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) (the The Netherlands), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skane (Sweden), Norwegian Cancer Society (Norway)., BMC, Ed., [May,AM, Adema,LE, Peeters,PHM] Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University,Utrecht, The Netherlands. [May,AM, van der Daphne,A, Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. [Romaguera,D, Vergnaud,AC, Mouw,T, Norat,T, Riboli,E, Peeters,PHM] Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. [Agudo,A, Gonzalez,C] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain. [Ekelund,U, Wareham,NJ] Medical Research Council, Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Steffen,A, Boeing,H, Bergmann,MM] German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbrücke, Heidelberg, Germany. [Orfanos,P, Naska,A, Trichopoulou,A] Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece AND Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. [Slimani,N, Rinaldi,S] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France. [Rohrmann,S, Hermann,S] Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. [Jakobsen,MU, Overvad,K] Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. [Overvad,K] Department of Cardiology, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. [Tjonneland,A, Halkjaer,J] Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Key,TJ, Spencer,EA] Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. [Hellstrom,V] Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine,Nutritional Research, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. [Manjer,J] Department of Surgery, Malmø University Hospital, Lund University, Malmø, Sweden. [Hedblad,B] Department of Clinical Science, Malmø University Hospital, Lund University, Malmø, Sweden. [Lund,E, Braaten,T] Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. [Clavel-Chapelon,F, Boutron-Ruault,MC] Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale(INSERM), Villejuif, France. [Clavel-Chapelon,F, Boutron-Ruault,MC] Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Rodriguez,L] Public Health and Participation Directorate, Health and Health Care Services Council, Asturias, Spain. [Sanchez,MJ] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, and CIBER de Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain. [Dorronsoro,M] Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain. [Barricarte,A] Public Health Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. [Huerta,JM] Epidemiology Department, Council of Health and Consumer Affairs, Murcia & CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain. [Palli,D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Research and Prevention Institute, Florence, Italy.[Pala,V] Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Foundation, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy. [Mattiello,A] Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy.[Tumino,R] Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Civile M.P.Arezzo', Ragusa, Italy., This work was supported by the European Union, in the framework of the Public Health Programme (project number: 2005328). The work was further financially supported by the European Commission: Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate 1993–2004, Ligue contre le Cancer, Societé 3 M, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France), University of Oxford [Oxford], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Zurich, and May, Anne M
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Restaurants, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Epidemiologi medisinsk og odontologisk statistikk: 803, Lost-to-follow-up, Weight Gain, Non-participation, Body Mass Index, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, PREDICTORS, Prospective cohort study, Workplace, Nonresponse bias, POPULATION, 2718 Health Informatics, lcsh:R5-920, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Anthropometry, Follow-up, Participation, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, HEALTH SURVEY, cohort, Middle Aged, Health survey, HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES, 3. Good health, Näringslära, Europe, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Epidemiology medical and dental statistics: 803, Cohort, Female, lcsh:Medicine (General), Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Estilo de Vida, Cohort study, Research Article, Adult, Estils de vida, representativeness, Non-response, PARTICIPATION, Population, Lifestyles, Pes corporal, 610 Medicine & health, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Health Informatics, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Attrition, Humans, COHORT, Obesity, education, REPRESENTATIVENESS, Aged, Selection bias, SELECTION BIAS, Science & Technology, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Health Surveys [Medical Subject Headings], business.industry, Predictors, Body Weight, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology, Social::Life Style [Medical Subject Headings], 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), Odds ratio, Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy, Encuestas epidemiológicas, Body weight, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, NONRESPONSE BIAS, ATTRITION, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, FOLLOW-UP, business, Energy Intake, Body mass index, 2713 Epidemiology
Abstract: Background This paper discusses whether baseline demographic, socio-economic, health variables, length of follow-up and method of contacting the participants predict non-response to the invitation for a second assessment of lifestyle factors and body weight in the European multi-center EPIC-PANACEA study. Methods Over 500.000 participants from several centers in ten European countries recruited between 1992 and 2000 were contacted 2–11 years later to update data on lifestyle and body weight. Length of follow-up as well as the method of approaching differed between the collaborating study centers. Non-responders were compared with responders using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results Overall response for the second assessment was high (81.6%). Compared to postal surveys, centers where the participants completed the questionnaire by phone attained a higher response. Response was also high in centers with a short follow-up period. Non-response was higher in participants who were male (odds ratio 1.09 (confidence interval 1.07; 1.11), aged under 40 years (1.96 (1.90; 2.02), living alone (1.40 (1.37; 1.43), less educated (1.35 (1.12; 1.19), of poorer health (1.33 (1.27; 1.39), reporting an unhealthy lifestyle and who had either a low (25, 1.08 (1.06; 1.10); especially ≥30 kg/m2, 1.26 (1.23; 1.29)). Conclusions Cohort studies may enhance cohort maintenance by paying particular attention to the subgroups that are most unlikely to respond and by an active recruitment strategy using telephone interviews.
Published: 2012

23. Lower educational level is a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes in European countries: the EPIC-InterAct study

Author: Timothy J. Key, Benedetta Bendinelli, Carmen Navarro, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Valentina Gallo, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Peter M. Nilsson, Carlos González, Elio Riboli, Birgit Teucher, Rosario Tumino, Larraitz Arriola, Kay-Tee Khaw, Isabelle Romieu, Claudia Langenberg, Paolo Vineis, Edith J. M. Feskens, Silvia Polidoro, Ivonne Sluijs, Stephen J. Sharp, Salvatore Panico, Olov Rolandsson, Rudolf Kaaks, Anne-Kathrin Illner, Ileana Baldi, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Fulvio Ricceri, Daphne L. van der A, J. Ramón Quirós, Jytte Halkjær, Joline W.J. Beulens, Eva Ardanaz, Valeria Pala, Carlotta Sacerdote, Annemieke M.W. Spijkerman, Nita G. Forouhi, Patrik Wennberg, Kim Overvad, María Dolores Chirlaque, Nicholas J. Wareham, Francesca L. Crowe, Anne Tjønneland, Susanne Oksbjerg Dal Ton, Heiner Boeing, Nadia Slimani, Paul W. Franks, Beverley Balkau, Domenico Palli, María José Sánchez, Manuela M. Bergmann, Epidemiology and Data Science, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Sacerdote, C, Ricceri, F, Rolandsson, O, Baldi, I, Chirlaque, Md, Feskens, E, Bendinelli, B, Ardanaz, E, Arriola, L, Balkau, B, Bergmann, M, Beulens, Jw, Boeing, H, Clavel Chapelon, F, Crowe, F, de Lauzon Guillain, B, Forouhi, N, Franks, Pw, Gallo, V, Gonzalez, C, Halkj?r, J, Illner, Ak, Kaaks, R, Key, T, Khaw, Kt, Navarro, C, Nilsson, Pm, Dal Ton, So, Overvad, K, Pala, V, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Polidoro, S, Quir?s, Jr, Romieu, I, S?nchez, Mj, Slimani, N, Sluijs, I, Spijkerman, A, Teucher, B, Tj?nneland, A, Tumino, R, van der A., D, Vergnaud, Ac, Wennberg, P, Sharp, S, Langenberg, C, Riboli, E, Vineis, P, and Wareham, N.
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, endocrine system diseases, Nutrition and Disease, Epidemiology, social-class, cardiovascular-disease, Type 2 diabetes, 3rd national-health, nutrition examination survey, adult mortality, life-style factors, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Voeding en Ziekte, Surveys and Questionnaires, Global health, Medicine, Humans, risk-factors, Socioeconomic status, VLAG, Demography, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Relative index of inequality, Incidence, course socioeconomic position, Age Factors, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Europe, of-the-literature, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Socioeconomic Factors, Case-Control Studies, Educational Status, Female, business, data-collection, Cohort study
Abstract: Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. In high-income countries, low socioeconomic status seems to be related to a high incidence of T2DM, but very little is known about the intermediate factors of this relationship. Method: We performed a case-cohort study in eight Western European countries nested in the EPIC study (n = 340 234, 3.99 million person-years of follow-up). A random sub-cohort of 16 835 individuals and a total of 12 403 incident cases of T2DM were identified. Crude and multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were estimated for each country and pooled across countries using meta-analytical methods. Age-, gender- and country-specific relative indices of inequality (RII) were used as the measure of educational level and RII tertiles were analysed. Results: Compared with participants with a high educational level (RII tertile 1), participants with a low educational level (RII tertile 3) had a higher risk of T2DM [HR: 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.69-1.85; P-trend < 0.01]. The HRs adjusted for physical activity, smoking status and propensity score according to macronutrient intake were very similar to the crude HR (adjusted HR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.52-1.83 in men; HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.73-2.05 in women). The HRs were attenuated only when they were further adjusted for BMI (BMI-adjusted HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.23-1.51 in men; HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.20-1.45 in women). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the inequalities in the risk of T2DM in Western European countries, with an inverse relationship between educational level and risk of T2DM that is only partially explained by variations in BMI. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association
Published: 2012

24. Meat consumption and prospective weight change in participants of the EPIC-PANACEA study

Author: Claudia Agnoli, Eiliv Lund, Jytte Halkjær, Paolo Vineis, Nadia Slimani, Laudina Rodríguez, Ingegerd Johansson, Anne M. May, Pilar Amiano, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, José María Huerta, Dagrun Engeset, Anne Tjønneland, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Heiner Boeing, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Dora Romaguera, Rosario Tumino, Traci Mouw, Androniki Naska, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Nicholas J. Wareham, Elisabeth Couto, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Frederike L. Büchner, Teresa Norat, Kim Overvad, Philippos Orfanos, Silke Hermann, Timothy J. Key, Vanessa Cottet, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, Jian'an Luan, Antonia Trichopoulou, Veronica Hellstrom, Aurelio Barricarte, Antonio Agudo, Sabina Rinaldi, Jonas Manjer, Noémie Travier, Andreani D. Odysseos, Domenico Palli, Brian Buijsse, María José Sánchez, Tonje Braaten, Sabine Rohrmann, Petra H.M. Peeters, Elio Riboli, E. A. Spencer, Vergnaud, Ac, Norat, T, Romaguera, D, Mouw, T, May, Am, Travier, N, Luan, J, Wareham, N, Slimani, N, Rinaldi, S, Couto, E, Clavel Chapelon, F, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Cottet, V, Palli, D, Agnoli, C, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Agudo, A, Rodriguez, L, Sanchez, Mj, Amiano, P, Barricarte, A, Huerta, Jm, Key, Tj, Spencer, Ea, Bueno de Mesquita, B, Büchner, Fl, Orfanos, P, Naska, A, Trichopoulou, A, Rohrmann, S, Hermann, S, Boeing, H, Buijsse, B, Johansson, I, Hellstrom, V, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Jakobsen, Mu, Overvad, K, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Lund, E, Braaten, T, Engeset, D, Odysseos, A, Riboli, E, and Peeters, Ph
Subjects: Adult, Male, Calorie, Meat, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Overweight, Weight Gain, Diet Surveys, Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Weight management, medicine, Humans, Food science, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Weight change, Smoking, food and beverages, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Diet, Red meat, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Energy Intake, Weight gain, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 87610.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: Meat intake may be related to weight gain because of its high energy and fat content. Some observational studies have shown that meat consumption is positively associated with weight gain, but intervention studies have shown mixed results. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the association between consumption of total meat, red meat, poultry, and processed meat and weight gain after 5 y of follow-up, on average, in the large European population who participated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home and Obesity (EPIC-PANACEA) project. DESIGN: A total of 103,455 men and 270,348 women aged 25-70 y were recruited between 1992 and 2000 in 10 European countries. Diet was assessed at baseline with the use of country-specific validated questionnaires. A dietary calibration study was conducted in a representative subsample of the cohort. Weight and height were measured at baseline and self-reported at follow-up in most centers. Associations between energy from meat (kcal/d) and annual weight change (g/y) were assessed with the use of linear mixed models, controlled for age, sex, total energy intake, physical activity, dietary patterns, and other potential confounders. RESULTS: Total meat consumption was positively associated with weight gain in men and women, in normal-weight and overweight subjects, and in smokers and nonsmokers. With adjustment for estimated energy intake, an increase in meat intake of 250 g/d (eg, one steak at approximately 450 kcal) would lead to a 2-kg higher weight gain after 5 y (95% CI: 1.5, 2.7 kg). Positive associations were observed for red meat, poultry, and processed meat. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a decrease in meat consumption may improve weight management. 01 augustus 2010
Published: 2010

25. Variety in Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Risk of Lung Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author: Sabina Sieri, Antonio Agudo, Petra H.M. Peeters, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Kim Overvad, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Timothy J. Key, Elio Riboli, Louise Hansen, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, María José Sánchez, Paolo Vineis, Ute Nöthlings, Nerea Larrañaga, Dimosthenis Zylis, Domenico Palli, Wei W. Xun, Rosario Tumino, Eva Ardanaz, Torgny Rasmuson, Carla H. van Gils, Kay-Tee Khaw, Martine M. Ros, Inger T. Gram, Sabine Rohrmann, Marcial Argüelles, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, Tonje Braaten, Carmen Navarro, Frederike L. Büchner, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Vardis Dilis, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Eiliv Lund, Marina Touillaud, Rudolf Kaaks, Jonas Manjer, Göran Hallmans, Nicholas J. Wareham, Heiner Boeing, Nadia Slimani, Antonia Trichopoulou, Anne Tjønneland, Christina C. Dahm, Büchner, Fl, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Ros, Mm, Overvad, K, Dahm, Cc, Hansen, L, Tjønneland, A, Clavel Chapelon, F, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Touillaud, M, Kaaks, R, Rohrmann, S, Boeing, H, Nöthlings, U, Trichopoulou, A, Zylis, D, Dilis, V, Palli, D, Sieri, S, Vineis, P, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Ph, van Gils, Ch, Lund, E, Gram, It, Braaten, T, Sánchez, Mj, Agudo, A, Larrañaga, N, Ardanaz, E, Navarro, C, Argüelles, Mv, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Hallmans, G, Rasmuson, T, Key, Tj, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Slimani, N, Vergnaud, Ac, Xun, Ww, Kiemeney, La, and Riboli, E.
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Environmental health, Vegetables, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Risk factor, Lung cancer, Prospective cohort study, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Cancer, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, medicine.disease, Diet, Surgery, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, Oncology, Quartile, Fruit, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, business
Abstract: Background: We investigated whether a varied consumption of vegetables and fruits is associated with lower lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Methods: After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,613 of 452,187 participants with complete information were diagnosed with lung cancer. Diet diversity scores (DDS) were used to quantify the variety in fruit and vegetable consumption. Multivariable proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between DDS and lung cancer risk. All models were adjusted for smoking behavior and the total consumption of fruit and vegetables. Results: With increasing variety in vegetable subgroups, risk of lung cancer decreases [hazard ratios (HR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64-0.94 highest versus lowest quartile; P trend = 0.02]. This inverse association is restricted to current smokers (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.93 highest versus lowest quartile; P trend = 0.03). In continuous analyses, in current smokers, lower risks were observed for squamous cell carcinomas with more variety in fruit and vegetable products combined (HR/two products, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.95), vegetable subgroups (HR/subgroup, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.97), vegetable products (HR/two products, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.96), and fruit products (HR/two products, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97). Conclusion: Variety in vegetable consumption was inversely associated with lung cancer risk among current smokers. Risk of squamous cell carcinomas was reduced with increasing variety in fruit and/or vegetable consumption, which was mainly driven by the effect in current smokers. Impact: Independent from quantity of consumption, variety in fruit and vegetable consumption may decrease lung cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2278–86. ©2010 AACR.
Published: 2010

26. Publisher Correction: Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals.

Author: Surendran P, Feofanova EV, Lahrouchi N, Ntalla I, Karthikeyan S, Cook J, Chen L, Mifsud B, Yao C, Kraja AT, Cartwright JH, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Tragante V, Thorleifsson G, Liu DJ, Prins BP, Stewart ID, Cabrera CP, Eales JM, Akbarov A, Auer PL, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Braithwaite VS, Brody JA, Daw EW, Warren HR, Drenos F, Nielsen SF, Faul JD, Fauman EB, Fava C, Ferreira T, Foley CN, Franceschini N, Gao H, Giannakopoulou O, Giulianini F, Gudbjartsson DF, Guo X, Harris SE, Havulinna AS, Helgadottir A, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Kanoni S, Kontto J, Larson MG, Li-Gao R, Lindström J, Lotta LA, Lu Y, Luan J, Mahajan A, Malerba G, Masca NGD, Mei H, Menni C, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mosen-Ansorena D, Müller-Nurasyid M, Paré G, Paul DS, Perola M, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Richard M, Richardson TG, Sepúlveda N, Sim X, Smith AV, Smith JA, Staley JR, Stanáková A, Sulem P, Thériault S, Thorsteinsdottir U, Trompet S, Varga TV, Velez Edwards DR, Veronesi G, Weiss S, Willems SM, Yao J, Young R, Yu B, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Zhao W, Evangelou E, Aeschbacher S, Asllanaj E, Blankenberg S, Bonnycastle LL, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Braund PS, Burgess S, Cho K, Christensen C, Connell J, Mutsert R, Dominiczak AF, Dörr M, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Gaziano JM, Grarup N, Grove ML, Hallmans G, Hansen T, Have CT, Heiss G, Jørgensen ME, Jousilahti P, Kajantie E, Kamat M, Käräjämäki A, Karpe F, Koistinen HA, Kovesdy CP, Kuulasmaa K, Laatikainen T, Lannfelt L, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Linneberg A, Martin LW, Moitry M, Nadkarni G, Neville MJ, Palmer CNA, Papanicolaou GJ, Pedersen O, Peters J, Poulter N, Rasheed A, Rasmussen KL, Rayner NW, Mägi R, Renström F, Rettig R, Rossouw J, Schreiner PJ, Sever PS, Sigurdsson EL, Skaaby T, Sun YV, Sundstrom J, Thorgeirsson G, Esko T, Trabetti E, Tsao PS, Tuomi T, Turner ST, Tzoulaki I, Vaartjes I, Vergnaud AC, Willer CJ, Wilson PWF, Witte DR, Yonova-Doing E, Zhang H, Aliya N, Almgren P, Amouyel P, Asselbergs FW, Barnes MR, Blakemore AI, Boehnke M, Bots ML, Bottinger EP, Buring JE, Chambers JC, Chen YI, Chowdhury R, Conen D, Correa A, Davey Smith G, Boer RA, Deary IJ, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Di Angelantonio E, Elliott P, Felix SB, Ferrières J, Ford I, Fornage M, Franks PW, Franks S, Frossard P, Gambaro G, Gaunt TR, Groop L, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hennig BJ, Herzig KH, Ingelsson E, Tuomilehto J, Järvelin MR, Jukema JW, Kardia SLR, Kee F, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Launer LJ, Lind L, Loos RJF, Majumder AAS, Laakso M, McCarthy MI, Melander O, Mohlke KL, Murray AD, Nordestgaard BG, Orho-Melander M, Packard CJ, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Polasek O, Porteous DJ, Prentice AM, Province MA, Relton CL, Rice K, Ridker PM, Rolandsson O, Rosendaal FR, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sattar N, Sheu WH, Smith BH, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Starr JM, Sebert S, Taylor KD, Lakka TA, Timpson NJ, Tobin MD, van der Harst P, van der Meer P, Ramachandran VS, Verweij N, Virtamo J, Völker U, Weir DR, Zeggini E, Charchar FJ, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Tomaszewski M, Butterworth AS, Caulfield MJ, Danesh J, Edwards TL, Holm H, Hung AM, Lindgren CM, Liu C, Manning AK, Morris AP, Morrison AC, O'Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Saleheen D, Stefansson K, Boerwinkle E, Chasman DI, Levy D, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB, and Howson JMM
Published: 2021
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27. Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals.

Author: Surendran P, Feofanova EV, Lahrouchi N, Ntalla I, Karthikeyan S, Cook J, Chen L, Mifsud B, Yao C, Kraja AT, Cartwright JH, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Tragante V, Thorleifsson G, Liu DJ, Prins BP, Stewart ID, Cabrera CP, Eales JM, Akbarov A, Auer PL, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Braithwaite VS, Brody JA, Daw EW, Warren HR, Drenos F, Nielsen SF, Faul JD, Fauman EB, Fava C, Ferreira T, Foley CN, Franceschini N, Gao H, Giannakopoulou O, Giulianini F, Gudbjartsson DF, Guo X, Harris SE, Havulinna AS, Helgadottir A, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Kanoni S, Kontto J, Larson MG, Li-Gao R, Lindström J, Lotta LA, Lu Y, Luan J, Mahajan A, Malerba G, Masca NGD, Mei H, Menni C, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mosen-Ansorena D, Müller-Nurasyid M, Paré G, Paul DS, Perola M, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Richard M, Richardson TG, Sepúlveda N, Sim X, Smith AV, Smith JA, Staley JR, Stanáková A, Sulem P, Thériault S, Thorsteinsdottir U, Trompet S, Varga TV, Velez Edwards DR, Veronesi G, Weiss S, Willems SM, Yao J, Young R, Yu B, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Zhao W, Evangelou E, Aeschbacher S, Asllanaj E, Blankenberg S, Bonnycastle LL, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Braund PS, Burgess S, Cho K, Christensen C, Connell J, Mutsert R, Dominiczak AF, Dörr M, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Gaziano JM, Grarup N, Grove ML, Hallmans G, Hansen T, Have CT, Heiss G, Jørgensen ME, Jousilahti P, Kajantie E, Kamat M, Käräjämäki A, Karpe F, Koistinen HA, Kovesdy CP, Kuulasmaa K, Laatikainen T, Lannfelt L, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Linneberg A, Martin LW, Moitry M, Nadkarni G, Neville MJ, Palmer CNA, Papanicolaou GJ, Pedersen O, Peters J, Poulter N, Rasheed A, Rasmussen KL, Rayner NW, Mägi R, Renström F, Rettig R, Rossouw J, Schreiner PJ, Sever PS, Sigurdsson EL, Skaaby T, Sun YV, Sundstrom J, Thorgeirsson G, Esko T, Trabetti E, Tsao PS, Tuomi T, Turner ST, Tzoulaki I, Vaartjes I, Vergnaud AC, Willer CJ, Wilson PWF, Witte DR, Yonova-Doing E, Zhang H, Aliya N, Almgren P, Amouyel P, Asselbergs FW, Barnes MR, Blakemore AI, Boehnke M, Bots ML, Bottinger EP, Buring JE, Chambers JC, Chen YI, Chowdhury R, Conen D, Correa A, Davey Smith G, Boer RA, Deary IJ, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Di Angelantonio E, Elliott P, Felix SB, Ferrières J, Ford I, Fornage M, Franks PW, Franks S, Frossard P, Gambaro G, Gaunt TR, Groop L, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hennig BJ, Herzig KH, Ingelsson E, Tuomilehto J, Järvelin MR, Jukema JW, Kardia SLR, Kee F, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Launer LJ, Lind L, Loos RJF, Majumder AAS, Laakso M, McCarthy MI, Melander O, Mohlke KL, Murray AD, Nordestgaard BG, Orho-Melander M, Packard CJ, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Polasek O, Porteous DJ, Prentice AM, Province MA, Relton CL, Rice K, Ridker PM, Rolandsson O, Rosendaal FR, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sattar N, Sheu WH, Smith BH, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Starr JM, Sebert S, Taylor KD, Lakka TA, Timpson NJ, Tobin MD, van der Harst P, van der Meer P, Ramachandran VS, Verweij N, Virtamo J, Völker U, Weir DR, Zeggini E, Charchar FJ, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Tomaszewski M, Butterworth AS, Caulfield MJ, Danesh J, Edwards TL, Holm H, Hung AM, Lindgren CM, Liu C, Manning AK, Morris AP, Morrison AC, O'Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Saleheen D, Stefansson K, Boerwinkle E, Chasman DI, Levy D, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB, and Howson JMM
Subjects: GATA5 Transcription Factor genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Mutation genetics, Phospholipase C beta genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics, Blood Pressure genetics, Gene Frequency genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Hypertension genetics
Abstract: Genetic studies of blood pressure (BP) to date have mainly analyzed common variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05). In a meta-analysis of up to ~1.3 million participants, we discovered 106 new BP-associated genomic regions and 87 rare (minor allele frequency ≤ 0.01) variant BP associations (P < 5 × 10 -8 ), of which 32 were in new BP-associated loci and 55 were independent BP-associated single-nucleotide variants within known BP-associated regions. Average effects of rare variants (44% coding) were ~8 times larger than common variant effects and indicate potential candidate causal genes at new and known loci (for example, GATA5 and PLCB3). BP-associated variants (including rare and common) were enriched in regions of active chromatin in fetal tissues, potentially linking fetal development with BP regulation in later life. Multivariable Mendelian randomization suggested possible inverse effects of elevated systolic and diastolic BP on large artery stroke. Our study demonstrates the utility of rare-variant analyses for identifying candidate genes and the results highlight potential therapeutic targets.
Published: 2020
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28. Use of TETRA personal radios and sickness absence in the Airwave Health Monitoring Study of the British police forces.

Author: Elliott P, Aresu M, Gao H, Vergnaud AC, Heard A, McRobie D, Spear J, Singh D, Kongsgård HW, Mbema C, and Muller DC
Subjects: Humans, Occupational Exposure statistics & numerical data, Radio Waves adverse effects, Police statistics & numerical data, Radio statistics & numerical data, Sick Leave statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Background: Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) is used for radiocommunications among the British police forces., Objectives: To investigate association of personal radio use and sickness absence among police officers and staff from the Airwave Health Monitoring Study., Methods: Participant-level sickness absence records for 26 forces were linked with personal radio use for 32,102 participants. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyse TETRA usage in year prior to enrolment and sickness absence (lasting more than 7 or 28 consecutive days) in the following year and a zero-inflated negative binomial model for analyses of number of sickness absence episodes of any duration ('spells') over the same period. In secondary analyses, we looked at an extended period of observation among a sub-cohort with linked data over time, using Cox proportional hazards regression., Results: Median personal radio use (year prior to enrolment) was 29.7 min per month (interquartile range 7.5, 64.7) among users. In the year following enrolment there were 25,655 sickness absence spells among 15,248 participants. There were similar risks of sickness absence lasting more than seven days among users and non-users, although among users risk was higher with greater use, odds ratio = 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 1.06) per doubling of radio use. There was no association for sickness absence of more than 28 days. For sickness absence spells, risk was lower among users than non-users (incidence rate ratio = 0.91; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.11), again with higher risk among users for greater radio use. There was no association between radio use and sickness absence in secondary analyses., Discussion: There were similar or lower risks of sickness absence in TETRA radio users compared with non-users. Among users, the higher risk of sickness absence with greater radio use may reflect working pattern differences among police personnel rather than effects of radiofrequency exposure., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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29. Personal radio use and cancer risks among 48,518 British police officers and staff from the Airwave Health Monitoring Study.

Author: Gao H, Aresu M, Vergnaud AC, McRobie D, Spear J, Heard A, Kongsgård HW, Singh D, Muller DC, and Elliott P
Subjects: Cell Phone, Ethnicity, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms etiology, Humans, Male, Police, United Kingdom epidemiology, Electromagnetic Fields adverse effects, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Head and Neck Neoplasms epidemiology, Radio Waves adverse effects
Abstract: Background: Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) from mobile phones have been classified as potentially carcinogenic. No study has investigated use of Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA), a source of RF-EMF with wide occupational use, and cancer risks., Methods: We investigated association of monthly personal radio use and risk of cancer using Cox proportional hazards regression among 48,518 police officers and staff of the Airwave Health Monitoring Study in Great Britain., Results: During median follow-up of 5.9 years, 716 incident cancer cases were identified. Among users, the median of the average monthly duration of use in the year prior to enrolment was 30.5 min (inter-quartile range 8.1, 68.1). Overall, there was no association between personal radio use and risk of all cancers (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93, 1.03). For head and neck cancers HR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.30, 1.70) among personal radio users vs non-users, and among users it was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.23) per doubling of minutes of personal radio use., Conclusions: With the limited follow-up to date, we found no evidence of association of personal radio use with cancer risk. Continued follow-up of the cohort is warranted.
Published: 2019
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30. A cross-sectional investigation into the occupational and socio-demographic characteristics of British police force employees reporting a dietary pattern associated with cardiometabolic risk: findings from the Airwave Health Monitoring Study.

Author: Gibson R, Eriksen R, Singh D, Vergnaud AC, Heard A, Chan Q, Elliott P, and Frost G
Subjects: Adult, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, England epidemiology, Female, Food Quality, Health Behavior, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Assessment, Occupational Health, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Scotland epidemiology, Waist Circumference, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Diet, Hypertension epidemiology, Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology, Police, Socioeconomic Factors
Abstract: Purpose: The aims of this study were to (1) determine the association between diet quality using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and cardiometabolic risk in a British working population and (2) identify employee characteristics associated with reporting a poorer quality dietary pattern., Methods: British police employees enrolled (2007-2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study (n = 5527) were included for sex-specific cross-sectional analyses. Dietary intakes were measured using 7-day food records. DASH score was calculated to determine diet quality. Logistic regression evaluated associations between (1) diet quality and increased cardiometabolic risk (defined as ≥ 3 risk markers: dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure, waist circumference, CRP or HbA1c), and (2) poor diet quality (lowest fifth of DASH score distribution) and employee characteristics., Results: Employees recording a poor diet quality had greater odds (OR) of increased cardiometabolic risk independent of established risk factors (demographic, lifestyle and occupational) and BMI: men OR 1.50 (95% CI 1.12-2.00), women: OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.19-2.97) compared to the healthiest diet group. Characteristics associated with reporting a poor quality diet were employment in Scotland vs. England: men OR 1.88 (95% CI 1.53-2.32), women: OR 1.49 (95% CI 1.11-2.00), longer working hours (≥ 49 vs. ≤40 h) men: OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.21-1.92) women: OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.12-2.09). For men, job strain (high vs. low) was associated with reporting a poor diet quality OR 1.66 (95% CI 1.30-2.12)., Conclusions: The general population disparities in diet quality between England and Scotland were reflected in British police employees. The association of longer working hours and job strain with diet quality supports the targeting of workplace nutritional interventions.
Published: 2018
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31. Publisher Correction: Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.

Author: Evangelou E, Warren HR, Mosen-Ansorena D, Mifsud B, Pazoki R, Gao H, Ntritsos G, Dimou N, Cabrera CP, Karaman I, Ng FL, Evangelou M, Witkowska K, Tzanis E, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Velez Edwards DR, Sun YV, Cho K, Gaziano JM, Wilson PWF, Tsao PS, Kovesdy CP, Esko T, Mägi R, Milani L, Almgren P, Boutin T, Debette S, Ding J, Giulianini F, Holliday EG, Jackson AU, Li-Gao R, Lin WY, Luan J, Mangino M, Oldmeadow C, Prins BP, Qian Y, Sargurupremraj M, Shah N, Surendran P, Thériault S, Verweij N, Willems SM, Zhao JH, Amouyel P, Connell J, de Mutsert R, Doney ASF, Farrall M, Menni C, Morris AD, Noordam R, Paré G, Poulter NR, Shields DC, Stanton A, Thom S, Abecasis G, Amin N, Arking DE, Ayers KL, Barbieri CM, Batini C, Bis JC, Blake T, Bochud M, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brumat M, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chakravarti A, Chambers JC, Chauhan G, Ciullo M, Cocca M, Collins F, Cordell HJ, Davies G, de Borst MH, de Geus EJ, Deary IJ, Deelen J, Del Greco M F, Demirkale CY, Dörr M, Ehret GB, Elosua R, Enroth S, Erzurumluoglu AM, Ferreira T, Frånberg M, Franco OH, Gandin I, Gasparini P, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Girotto G, Goel A, Gow AJ, Gudnason V, Guo X, Gyllensten U, Hamsten A, Harris TB, Harris SE, Hartman CA, Havulinna AS, Hicks AA, Hofer E, Hofman A, Hottenga JJ, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Ingelsson E, James A, Jansen R, Jarvelin MR, Joehanes R, Johansson Å, Johnson AD, Joshi PK, Jousilahti P, Jukema JW, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kathiresan S, Keavney BD, Khaw KT, Knekt P, Knight J, Kolcic I, Kooner JS, Koskinen S, Kristiansson K, Kutalik Z, Laan M, Larson M, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Liewald DCM, Lin L, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Liu Y, Loos RJF, Lopez LM, Lu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Mahajan A, Mamasoula C, Marrugat J, Marten J, Milaneschi Y, Morgan A, Morris AP, Morrison AC, Munson PJ, Nalls MA, Nandakumar P, Nelson CP, Niiranen T, Nolte IM, Nutile T, Oldehinkel AJ, Oostra BA, O'Reilly PF, Org E, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Palotie A, Pattie A, Penninx BWJH, Perola M, Peters A, Polasek O, Pramstaller PP, Nguyen QT, Raitakari OT, Ren M, Rettig R, Rice K, Ridker PM, Ried JS, Riese H, Ripatti S, Robino A, Rose LM, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Ruggiero D, Saba Y, Sala CF, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sarin AP, Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Shrine N, Siscovick D, Smith AV, Snieder H, Sõber S, Sorice R, Starr JM, Stott DJ, Strachan DP, Strawbridge RJ, Sundström J, Swertz MA, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Tobin MD, Tomaszewski M, Toniolo D, Traglia M, Trompet S, Tuomilehto J, Tzourio C, Uitterlinden AG, Vaez A, van der Most PJ, van Duijn CM, Vergnaud AC, Verwoert GC, Vitart V, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Vuckovic D, Watkins H, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wright AF, Yao J, Zemunik T, Zhang W, Attia JR, Butterworth AS, Chasman DI, Conen D, Cucca F, Danesh J, Hayward C, Howson JMM, Laakso M, Lakatta EG, Langenberg C, Melander O, Mook-Kanamori DO, Palmer CNA, Risch L, Scott RA, Scott RJ, Sever P, Spector TD, van der Harst P, Wareham NJ, Zeggini E, Levy D, Munroe PB, Newton-Cheh C, Brown MJ, Metspalu A, Hung AM, O'Donnell CJ, Edwards TL, Psaty BM, Tzoulaki I, Barnes MR, Wain LV, Elliott P, and Caulfield MJ
Abstract: In the version of this article originally published, the name of author Martin H. de Borst was coded incorrectly in the XML. The error has now been corrected in the HTML version of the paper.
Published: 2018
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32. Estimation of TETRA radio use in the Airwave Health Monitoring Study of the British police forces.

Author: Vergnaud AC, Aresu M, Kongsgård HW, McRobie D, Singh D, Spear J, Heard A, Gao H, Carpenter JR, and Elliott P
Subjects: Female, Humans, Male, Self Report, United Kingdom, Data Accuracy, Occupational Exposure, Police, Radio Waves
Abstract: Background: The Airwave Health Monitoring Study aims to investigate the possible long-term health effects of Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) use among the police forces in Great Britain. Here, we investigate whether objective data from the network operator could be used to correct for misreporting in self-reported data and expand the radio usage availability in our cohort., Methods: We estimated average monthly usage of personal radio in the 12 months prior to enrolment from a missing value imputation model and evaluated its performance against objective and self-reported data. Factors associated with TETRA radio usage variables were investigated using Chi-square tests and analysis of variance., Results: The imputed data were better correlated with objective than self-reported usage (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.72 vs. 0. 52 and kappa 0.56 [95% confidence interval 0.55, 0.56] vs. 0.46 [0.45, 0.47]), although the imputation model tended to under-estimate use for higher users. Participants with higher personal radio usage were more likely to be younger, men vs. women and officer vs. staff. The median average monthly usage level for the entire cohort was estimated to be 29.3 min (95% CI: [7.2, 66.6])., Conclusion: The availability of objective personal radio records for a large proportion of users allowed us to develop a robust imputation model and hence obtain personal radio usage estimates for ~50,000 participants. This substantially reduced exposure misclassification compared to using self-reported data and will allow us to carry out analyses of TETRA usage for the entire cohort in future work., (Crown Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2018
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33. Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.

Author: Evangelou E, Warren HR, Mosen-Ansorena D, Mifsud B, Pazoki R, Gao H, Ntritsos G, Dimou N, Cabrera CP, Karaman I, Ng FL, Evangelou M, Witkowska K, Tzanis E, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Velez Edwards DR, Sun YV, Cho K, Gaziano JM, Wilson PWF, Tsao PS, Kovesdy CP, Esko T, Mägi R, Milani L, Almgren P, Boutin T, Debette S, Ding J, Giulianini F, Holliday EG, Jackson AU, Li-Gao R, Lin WY, Luan J, Mangino M, Oldmeadow C, Prins BP, Qian Y, Sargurupremraj M, Shah N, Surendran P, Thériault S, Verweij N, Willems SM, Zhao JH, Amouyel P, Connell J, de Mutsert R, Doney ASF, Farrall M, Menni C, Morris AD, Noordam R, Paré G, Poulter NR, Shields DC, Stanton A, Thom S, Abecasis G, Amin N, Arking DE, Ayers KL, Barbieri CM, Batini C, Bis JC, Blake T, Bochud M, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brumat M, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chakravarti A, Chambers JC, Chauhan G, Ciullo M, Cocca M, Collins F, Cordell HJ, Davies G, de Borst MH, de Geus EJ, Deary IJ, Deelen J, Del Greco M F, Demirkale CY, Dörr M, Ehret GB, Elosua R, Enroth S, Erzurumluoglu AM, Ferreira T, Frånberg M, Franco OH, Gandin I, Gasparini P, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Girotto G, Goel A, Gow AJ, Gudnason V, Guo X, Gyllensten U, Hamsten A, Harris TB, Harris SE, Hartman CA, Havulinna AS, Hicks AA, Hofer E, Hofman A, Hottenga JJ, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Ingelsson E, James A, Jansen R, Jarvelin MR, Joehanes R, Johansson Å, Johnson AD, Joshi PK, Jousilahti P, Jukema JW, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kathiresan S, Keavney BD, Khaw KT, Knekt P, Knight J, Kolcic I, Kooner JS, Koskinen S, Kristiansson K, Kutalik Z, Laan M, Larson M, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Liewald DCM, Lin L, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Liu Y, Loos RJF, Lopez LM, Lu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Mahajan A, Mamasoula C, Marrugat J, Marten J, Milaneschi Y, Morgan A, Morris AP, Morrison AC, Munson PJ, Nalls MA, Nandakumar P, Nelson CP, Niiranen T, Nolte IM, Nutile T, Oldehinkel AJ, Oostra BA, O'Reilly PF, Org E, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Palotie A, Pattie A, Penninx BWJH, Perola M, Peters A, Polasek O, Pramstaller PP, Nguyen QT, Raitakari OT, Ren M, Rettig R, Rice K, Ridker PM, Ried JS, Riese H, Ripatti S, Robino A, Rose LM, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Ruggiero D, Saba Y, Sala CF, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sarin AP, Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Shrine N, Siscovick D, Smith AV, Snieder H, Sõber S, Sorice R, Starr JM, Stott DJ, Strachan DP, Strawbridge RJ, Sundström J, Swertz MA, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Tobin MD, Tomaszewski M, Toniolo D, Traglia M, Trompet S, Tuomilehto J, Tzourio C, Uitterlinden AG, Vaez A, van der Most PJ, van Duijn CM, Vergnaud AC, Verwoert GC, Vitart V, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Vuckovic D, Watkins H, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wright AF, Yao J, Zemunik T, Zhang W, Attia JR, Butterworth AS, Chasman DI, Conen D, Cucca F, Danesh J, Hayward C, Howson JMM, Laakso M, Lakatta EG, Langenberg C, Melander O, Mook-Kanamori DO, Palmer CNA, Risch L, Scott RA, Scott RJ, Sever P, Spector TD, van der Harst P, Wareham NJ, Zeggini E, Levy D, Munroe PB, Newton-Cheh C, Brown MJ, Metspalu A, Hung AM, O'Donnell CJ, Edwards TL, Psaty BM, Tzoulaki I, Barnes MR, Wain LV, Elliott P, and Caulfield MJ
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases genetics, Cells, Cultured, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing methods, Genetics, Population methods, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells, Humans, Hypertension genetics, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Blood Pressure genetics, Quantitative Trait Loci
Abstract: High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
Published: 2018
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34. Nutrient profiling and adherence to components of the UK national dietary guidelines association with metabolic risk factors for CVD and diabetes: Airwave Health Monitoring Study.

Author: Eriksen R, Gibson R, Lamb K, McMeel Y, Vergnaud AC, Spear J, Aresu M, Chan Q, Elliott P, and Frost G
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose metabolism, Body Mass Index, Cholesterol blood, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Diet Records, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Triglycerides blood, United Kingdom, Waist Circumference, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Nutrition Policy, Patient Compliance
Abstract: CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide. Diet is a key modifiable component in the development of CVD. No official UK diet quality index exists for use in UK nutritional epidemiological studies. The aims of this study are to: (i) develop a diet quality index based on components of UK dietary reference values (DRV) and (ii) determine the association between the index, the existing UK nutrient profile (NP) model and a comprehensive range of cardiometabolic risk markers among a British adult population. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Airwave Health Monitoring Study (n 5848). Dietary intake was measured by 7-d food diary and metabolic risk using waist circumference, BMI, blood lipid profile, glycated Hb (HbA1c) and blood pressure measurements. Diet quality was assessed using the novel DRV index and NP model. Associations between diet and cardiometabolic risk were analysed via multivariate linear models and logistic regression. A two-point increase in NP score was associated with total cholesterol (β -0·33 mmol/l, P<0·0001) and HbA1c (β -0·01 %, P<0·0001). A two-point increase in DRV score was associated with waist circumference (β -0·56 cm, P<0·0001), BMI (β -0·15 kg/m2, P<0·0001), total cholesterol (β -0·06 mmol/l, P<0·0001) and HbA1c (β -0·02 %, P=0·002). A one-point increase in DRV score was associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (OR 0·94, P=0·01) and obesity (OR 0·95, P<0·0001). The DRV index is associated with overall diet quality and risk factors for CVD and T2D, supporting its application in nutritional epidemiological studies investigating CVD risk in a UK population.
Published: 2018
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35. New Blood Pressure-Associated Loci Identified in Meta-Analyses of 475 000 Individuals.

Author: Kraja AT, Cook JP, Warren HR, Surendran P, Liu C, Evangelou E, Manning AK, Grarup N, Drenos F, Sim X, Smith AV, Amin N, Blakemore AIF, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Farmaki AE, Fava C, Ferreira T, Herzig KH, Giri A, Giulianini F, Grove ML, Guo X, Harris SE, Have CT, Havulinna AS, Zhang H, Jørgensen ME, Käräjämäki A, Kooperberg C, Linneberg A, Little L, Liu Y, Bonnycastle LL, Lu Y, Mägi R, Mahajan A, Malerba G, Marioni RE, Mei H, Menni C, Morrison AC, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Rayner NW, Riaz M, Rice K, Richard MA, Smith JA, Southam L, Stančáková A, Stirrups KE, Tragante V, Tuomi T, Tzoulaki I, Varga TV, Weiss S, Yiorkas AM, Young R, Zhang W, Barnes MR, Cabrera CP, Gao H, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Chambers JC, Connell JM, Christensen CK, de Boer RA, Deary IJ, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Dominiczak AF, Dörr M, Joehanes R, Edwards TL, Esko T, Fornage M, Franceschini N, Franks PW, Gambaro G, Groop L, Hallmans G, Hansen T, Hayward C, Heikki O, Ingelsson E, Tuomilehto J, Jarvelin MR, Kardia SLR, Karpe F, Kooner JS, Lakka TA, Langenberg C, Lind L, Loos RJF, Laakso M, McCarthy MI, Melander O, Mohlke KL, Morris AP, Palmer CNA, Pedersen O, Polasek O, Poulter NR, Province MA, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sever PJ, Skaaby T, Stafford JM, Starr JM, van der Harst P, van der Meer P, van Duijn CM, Vergnaud AC, Gudnason V, Wareham NJ, Wilson JG, Willer CJ, Witte DR, Zeggini E, Saleheen D, Butterworth AS, Danesh J, Asselbergs FW, Wain LV, Ehret GB, Chasman DI, Caulfield MJ, Elliott P, Lindgren CM, Levy D, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB, and Howson JMM
Subjects: Antiporters genetics, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal genetics, Databases, Factual, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Microfilament Proteins genetics, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing genetics, Blood Pressure genetics, Genetic Loci
Abstract: Background: Genome-wide association studies have recently identified >400 loci that harbor DNA sequence variants that influence blood pressure (BP). Our earlier studies identified and validated 56 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with BP from meta-analyses of exome chip genotype data. An additional 100 variants yielded suggestive evidence of association., Methods and Results: Here, we augment the sample with 140 886 European individuals from the UK Biobank, in whom 77 of the 100 suggestive SNVs were available for association analysis with systolic BP or diastolic BP or pulse pressure. We performed 2 meta-analyses, one in individuals of European, South Asian, African, and Hispanic descent (pan-ancestry, ≈475 000), and the other in the subset of individuals of European descent (≈423 000). Twenty-one SNVs were genome-wide significant ( P <5×10 - 8 ) for BP, of which 4 are new BP loci: rs9678851 (missense, SLC4A1AP ), rs7437940 ( AFAP1 ), rs13303 (missense, STAB1 ), and rs1055144 ( 7p15.2 ). In addition, we identified a potentially independent novel BP-associated SNV, rs3416322 (missense, SYNPO2L ) at a known locus, uncorrelated with the previously reported SNVs. Two SNVs are associated with expression levels of nearby genes, and SNVs at 3 loci are associated with other traits. One SNV with a minor allele frequency <0.01, (rs3025380 at DBH ) was genome-wide significant., Conclusions: We report 4 novel loci associated with BP regulation, and 1 independent variant at an established BP locus. This analysis highlights several candidate genes with variation that alter protein function or gene expression for potential follow-up., (© 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.)
Published: 2017
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36. Novel Blood Pressure Locus and Gene Discovery Using Genome-Wide Association Study and Expression Data Sets From Blood and the Kidney.

Author: Wain LV, Vaez A, Jansen R, Joehanes R, van der Most PJ, Erzurumluoglu AM, O'Reilly PF, Cabrera CP, Warren HR, Rose LM, Verwoert GC, Hottenga JJ, Strawbridge RJ, Esko T, Arking DE, Hwang SJ, Guo X, Kutalik Z, Trompet S, Shrine N, Teumer A, Ried JS, Bis JC, Smith AV, Amin N, Nolte IM, Lyytikäinen LP, Mahajan A, Wareham NJ, Hofer E, Joshi PK, Kristiansson K, Traglia M, Havulinna AS, Goel A, Nalls MA, Sõber S, Vuckovic D, Luan J, Del Greco M F, Ayers KL, Marrugat J, Ruggiero D, Lopez LM, Niiranen T, Enroth S, Jackson AU, Nelson CP, Huffman JE, Zhang W, Marten J, Gandin I, Harris SE, Zemunik T, Lu Y, Evangelou E, Shah N, de Borst MH, Mangino M, Prins BP, Campbell A, Li-Gao R, Chauhan G, Oldmeadow C, Abecasis G, Abedi M, Barbieri CM, Barnes MR, Batini C, Beilby J, Blake T, Boehnke M, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brown M, Brumat M, Campbell H, Chambers JC, Cocca M, Collins F, Connell J, Cordell HJ, Damman JJ, Davies G, de Geus EJ, de Mutsert R, Deelen J, Demirkale Y, Doney ASF, Dörr M, Farrall M, Ferreira T, Frånberg M, Gao H, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Giulianini F, Gow AJ, Hamsten A, Harris TB, Hofman A, Holliday EG, Hui J, Jarvelin MR, Johansson Å, Johnson AD, Jousilahti P, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kathiresan S, Khaw KT, Kolcic I, Koskinen S, Langenberg C, Larson M, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Liewald DCM, Lin L, Lind L, Mach F, Mamasoula C, Menni C, Mifsud B, Milaneschi Y, Morgan A, Morris AD, Morrison AC, Munson PJ, Nandakumar P, Nguyen QT, Nutile T, Oldehinkel AJ, Oostra BA, Org E, Padmanabhan S, Palotie A, Paré G, Pattie A, Penninx BWJH, Poulter N, Pramstaller PP, Raitakari OT, Ren M, Rice K, Ridker PM, Riese H, Ripatti S, Robino A, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Saba Y, Saint Pierre A, Sala CF, Sarin AP, Schmidt R, Scott R, Seelen MA, Shields DC, Siscovick D, Sorice R, Stanton A, Stott DJ, Sundström J, Swertz M, Taylor KD, Thom S, Tzoulaki I, Tzourio C, Uitterlinden AG, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Wild S, Willemsen G, Wright AF, Yao J, Thériault S, Conen D, Attia J, Sever P, Debette S, Mook-Kanamori DO, Zeggini E, Spector TD, van der Harst P, Palmer CNA, Vergnaud AC, Loos RJF, Polasek O, Starr JM, Girotto G, Hayward C, Kooner JS, Lindgren CM, Vitart V, Samani NJ, Tuomilehto J, Gyllensten U, Knekt P, Deary IJ, Ciullo M, Elosua R, Keavney BD, Hicks AA, Scott RA, Gasparini P, Laan M, Liu Y, Watkins H, Hartman CA, Salomaa V, Toniolo D, Perola M, Wilson JF, Schmidt H, Zhao JH, Lehtimäki T, van Duijn CM, Gudnason V, Psaty BM, Peters A, Rettig R, James A, Jukema JW, Strachan DP, Palmas W, Metspalu A, Ingelsson E, Boomsma DI, Franco OH, Bochud M, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB, Elliott P, Chasman DI, Chakravarti A, Knight J, Morris AP, Levy D, Tobin MD, Snieder H, Caulfield MJ, and Ehret GB
Abstract: Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has a substantial genetic contribution. Genetic variation influencing blood pressure has the potential to identify new pharmacological targets for the treatment of hypertension. To discover additional novel blood pressure loci, we used 1000 Genomes Project-based imputation in 150 134 European ancestry individuals and sought significant evidence for independent replication in a further 228 245 individuals. We report 6 new signals of association in or near HSPB7 , TNXB , LRP12 , LOC283335 , SEPT9 , and AKT2 , and provide new replication evidence for a further 2 signals in EBF2 and NFKBIA . Combining large whole-blood gene expression resources totaling 12 607 individuals, we investigated all novel and previously reported signals and identified 48 genes with evidence for involvement in blood pressure regulation that are significant in multiple resources. Three novel kidney-specific signals were also detected. These robustly implicated genes may provide new leads for therapeutic innovation.
Published: 2017
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37. Dietary assessment of British police force employees: a description of diet record coding procedures and cross-sectional evaluation of dietary energy intake reporting (The Airwave Health Monitoring Study).

Author: Gibson R, Eriksen R, Lamb K, McMeel Y, Vergnaud AC, Spear J, Aresu M, Chan Q, Elliott P, and Frost G
Subjects: Adult, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Obesity prevention & control, Prospective Studies, United Kingdom epidemiology, Diet Records, Energy Intake, Exercise physiology, Nutrition Assessment, Obesity epidemiology, Police, Self Report
Abstract: Objectives: Dietary intake is a key aspect of occupational health. To capture the characteristics of dietary behaviour that is affected by occupational environment that may affect disease risk, a collection of prospective multiday dietary records is required. The aims of this paper are to: (1) collect multiday dietary data in the Airwave Health Monitoring Study, (2) describe the dietary coding procedures applied and (3) investigate the plausibility of dietary reporting in this occupational cohort., Design: A dietary coding protocol for this large-scale study was developed to minimise coding error rate. Participants (n 4412) who completed 7-day food records were included for cross-sectional analyses. Energy intake (EI) misreporting was estimated using the Goldberg method. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to determine participant characteristics associated with EI misreporting., Setting: British police force employees enrolled (2007-2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study., Results: The mean code error rate per food diary was 3.7% (SD 3.2%). The strongest predictors of EI under-reporting were body mass index (BMI) and physical activity. Compared with participants with BMI<25 kg/m 2 , those with BMI>30 kg/m 2 had increased odds of being classified as under-reporting EI (men OR 5.20 95% CI 3.92 to 6.89; women OR 2.66 95% CI 1.85 to 3.83). Men and women in the highest physical activity category compared with the lowest were also more likely to be classified as under-reporting (men OR 3.33 95% CI 2.46 to 4.50; women OR 4.34 95% CI 2.91 to 6.55)., Conclusions: A reproducible dietary record coding procedure has been developed to minimise coding error in complex 7-day diet diaries. The prevalence of EI under-reporting is comparable with existing national UK cohorts and, in agreement with previous studies, classification of under-reporting was biased towards specific subgroups of participants., (Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.)
Published: 2017
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38. KLB is associated with alcohol drinking, and its gene product β-Klotho is necessary for FGF21 regulation of alcohol preference.

Author: Schumann G, Liu C, O'Reilly P, Gao H, Song P, Xu B, Ruggeri B, Amin N, Jia T, Preis S, Segura Lepe M, Akira S, Barbieri C, Baumeister S, Cauchi S, Clarke TK, Enroth S, Fischer K, Hällfors J, Harris SE, Hieber S, Hofer E, Hottenga JJ, Johansson Å, Joshi PK, Kaartinen N, Laitinen J, Lemaitre R, Loukola A, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Mangino M, Manichaikul A, Mbarek H, Milaneschi Y, Moayyeri A, Mukamal K, Nelson C, Nettleton J, Partinen E, Rawal R, Robino A, Rose L, Sala C, Satoh T, Schmidt R, Schraut K, Scott R, Smith AV, Starr JM, Teumer A, Trompet S, Uitterlinden AG, Venturini C, Vergnaud AC, Verweij N, Vitart V, Vuckovic D, Wedenoja J, Yengo L, Yu B, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Boomsma DI, Chambers J, Chasman DI, Daniela T, de Geus E, Deary I, Eriksson JG, Esko T, Eulenburg V, Franco OH, Froguel P, Gieger C, Grabe HJ, Gudnason V, Gyllensten U, Harris TB, Hartikainen AL, Heath AC, Hocking L, Hofman A, Huth C, Jarvelin MR, Jukema JW, Kaprio J, Kooner JS, Kutalik Z, Lahti J, Langenberg C, Lehtimäki T, Liu Y, Madden PA, Martin N, Morrison A, Penninx B, Pirastu N, Psaty B, Raitakari O, Ridker P, Rose R, Rotter JI, Samani NJ, Schmidt H, Spector TD, Stott D, Strachan D, Tzoulaki I, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Marques-Vidal P, Vollenweider P, Wareham NJ, Whitfield JB, Wilson J, Wolffenbuttel B, Bakalkin G, Evangelou E, Liu Y, Rice KM, Desrivières S, Kliewer SA, Mangelsdorf DJ, Müller CP, Levy D, and Elliott P
Subjects: Animals, Behavior, Animal physiology, Brain physiopathology, Emotions physiology, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Klotho Proteins, Liver physiopathology, Male, Membrane Proteins deficiency, Membrane Proteins physiology, Mice, Mice, 129 Strain, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alcohol Drinking genetics, Alcohol Drinking physiopathology, Fibroblast Growth Factors physiology, Membrane Proteins genetics
Abstract: Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health problem worldwide. Although drinking habits are known to be inherited, few genes have been identified that are robustly linked to alcohol drinking. We conducted a genome-wide association metaanalysis and replication study among >105,000 individuals of European ancestry and identified β-Klotho (KLB) as a locus associated with alcohol consumption (rs11940694; P = 9.2 × 10 -12 ). β-Klotho is an obligate coreceptor for the hormone FGF21, which is secreted from the liver and implicated in macronutrient preference in humans. We show that brain-specific β-Klotho KO mice have an increased alcohol preference and that FGF21 inhibits alcohol drinking by acting on the brain. These data suggest that a liver-brain endocrine axis may play an important role in the regulation of alcohol drinking behavior and provide a unique pharmacologic target for reducing alcohol consumption., Competing Interests: B. Psaty serves on the Data and Safety Monitoring Board for a clinical trial funded by the manufacturer (Zoll LifeCor) and the Steering Committee of the Yale Open Data Access project funded by Johnson & Johnson. D.J.M. serves on the scientific advisory board of Metacrine. The other authors report no competing financial interests.
Published: 2016
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39. Trans-ancestry meta-analyses identify rare and common variants associated with blood pressure and hypertension.

Author: Surendran P, Drenos F, Young R, Warren H, Cook JP, Manning AK, Grarup N, Sim X, Barnes DR, Witkowska K, Staley JR, Tragante V, Tukiainen T, Yaghootkar H, Masca N, Freitag DF, Ferreira T, Giannakopoulou O, Tinker A, Harakalova M, Mihailov E, Liu C, Kraja AT, Fallgaard Nielsen S, Rasheed A, Samuel M, Zhao W, Bonnycastle LL, Jackson AU, Narisu N, Swift AJ, Southam L, Marten J, Huyghe JR, Stančáková A, Fava C, Ohlsson T, Matchan A, Stirrups KE, Bork-Jensen J, Gjesing AP, Kontto J, Perola M, Shaw-Hawkins S, Havulinna AS, Zhang H, Donnelly LA, Groves CJ, Rayner NW, Neville MJ, Robertson NR, Yiorkas AM, Herzig KH, Kajantie E, Zhang W, Willems SM, Lannfelt L, Malerba G, Soranzo N, Trabetti E, Verweij N, Evangelou E, Moayyeri A, Vergnaud AC, Nelson CP, Poveda A, Varga TV, Caslake M, de Craen AJ, Trompet S, Luan J, Scott RA, Harris SE, Liewald DC, Marioni R, Menni C, Farmaki AE, Hallmans G, Renström F, Huffman JE, Hassinen M, Burgess S, Vasan RS, Felix JF, Uria-Nickelsen M, Malarstig A, Reily DF, Hoek M, Vogt T, Lin H, Lieb W, Traylor M, Markus HF, Highland HM, Justice AE, Marouli E, Lindström J, Uusitupa M, Komulainen P, Lakka TA, Rauramaa R, Polasek O, Rudan I, Rolandsson O, Franks PW, Dedoussis G, Spector TD, Jousilahti P, Männistö S, Deary IJ, Starr JM, Langenberg C, Wareham NJ, Brown MJ, Dominiczak AF, Connell JM, Jukema JW, Sattar N, Ford I, Packard CJ, Esko T, Mägi R, Metspalu A, de Boer RA, van der Meer P, van der Harst P, Gambaro G, Ingelsson E, Lind L, de Bakker PI, Numans ME, Brandslund I, Christensen C, Petersen ER, Korpi-Hyövälti E, Oksa H, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, Blakemore AI, Franks S, Jarvelin MR, Husemoen LL, Linneberg A, Skaaby T, Thuesen B, Karpe F, Tuomilehto J, Doney AS, Morris AD, Palmer CN, Holmen OL, Hveem K, Willer CJ, Tuomi T, Groop L, Käräjämäki A, Palotie A, Ripatti S, Salomaa V, Alam DS, Shafi Majumder AA, Di Angelantonio E, Chowdhury R, McCarthy MI, Poulter N, Stanton AV, Sever P, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Blankenberg S, Ferrières J, Kee F, Kuulasmaa K, Müller-Nurasyid M, Veronesi G, Virtamo J, Deloukas P, Elliott P, Zeggini E, Kathiresan S, Melander O, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Padmanabhan S, Porteous D, Hayward C, Scotland G, Collins FS, Mohlke KL, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Boehnke M, Stringham HM, Frossard P, Newton-Cheh C, Tobin MD, Nordestgaard BG, Caulfield MJ, Mahajan A, Morris AP, Tomaszewski M, Samani NJ, Saleheen D, Asselbergs FW, Lindgren CM, Danesh J, Wain LV, Butterworth AS, Howson JM, and Munroe PB
Subjects: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Blood Pressure genetics, Genetic Variation, Hypertension genetics
Abstract: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature death. However, there is limited knowledge on specific causal genes and pathways. To better understand the genetics of blood pressure, we genotyped 242,296 rare, low-frequency and common genetic variants in up to 192,763 individuals and used ∼155,063 samples for independent replication. We identified 30 new blood pressure- or hypertension-associated genetic regions in the general population, including 3 rare missense variants in RBM47, COL21A1 and RRAS with larger effects (>1.5 mm Hg/allele) than common variants. Multiple rare nonsense and missense variant associations were found in A2ML1, and a low-frequency nonsense variant in ENPEP was identified. Our data extend the spectrum of allelic variation underlying blood pressure traits and hypertension, provide new insights into the pathophysiology of hypertension and indicate new targets for clinical intervention., Competing Interests: Conflict of interests N. P. has received financial support from several pharmaceutical companies that manufacture either blood pressure lowering or lipid lowering agents, or both, and consultancy fees. S. K. has received Research Grant-Merck, Bayer, Aegerion; SAB-Catabasis, Regeneron Genetics Center, Merck, Celera; Equity-San Therapeutics, Catabasis; Consulting-Novartis, Aegerion, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Alnylam. P. Sever has received research awards from Pfizer Inc. A. Malarstig and M. Uria-Nickelsen are full time employees of Pfizer. D. Reily and M. Hoek are full time employees of Merck and co Inc. M.J. Caulfield is Chief Scientist for Genomics England a UK Government company. The authors declare no competing financial interest.
Published: 2016
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40. Main nutrient patterns are associated with prospective weight change in adults from 10 European countries.

Author: Freisling H, Pisa PT, Ferrari P, Byrnes G, Moskal A, Dahm CC, Vergnaud AC, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fagherazzi G, Cadeau C, Kühn T, Neamat-Allah J, Buijsse B, Boeing H, Halkjær J, Tjonneland A, Hansen CP, Quirós JR, Travier N, Molina-Montes E, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Barricarte A, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Key TJ, Romaguera D, Lu Y, Lassale CM, Naska A, Orfanos P, Trichopoulou A, Masala G, Pala V, Berrino F, Tumino R, Ricceri F, de Magistris MS, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Ocké MC, Sonestedt E, Ericson U, Johansson M, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Braaten T, Peeters PH, and Slimani N
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Ascorbic Acid administration & dosage, Calcium, Dietary administration & dosage, Dietary Fiber administration & dosage, Dietary Proteins administration & dosage, Europe, Female, Folic Acid administration & dosage, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Assessment, Phosphorus, Dietary administration & dosage, Prospective Studies, Riboflavin administration & dosage, Surveys and Questionnaires, beta Carotene administration & dosage, Diet, Weight Gain
Abstract: Purpose: Various food patterns have been associated with weight change in adults, but it is unknown which combinations of nutrients may account for such observations. We investigated associations between main nutrient patterns and prospective weight change in adults., Methods: This study includes 235,880 participants, 25-70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 in 10 European countries. Intakes of 23 nutrients were estimated from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires using the harmonized EPIC Nutrient DataBase. Four nutrient patterns, explaining 67 % of the total variance of nutrient intakes, were previously identified from principal component analysis. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The relationship between nutrient patterns and annual weight change was examined separately for men and women using linear mixed models with random effect according to center controlling for confounders., Results: Mean weight gain was 460 g/year (SD 950) and 420 g/year (SD 940) for men and women, respectively. The annual differences in weight gain per one SD increase in the pattern scores were as follows: principal component (PC) 1, characterized by nutrients from plant food sources, was inversely associated with weight gain in men (-22 g/year; 95 % CI -33 to -10) and women (-18 g/year; 95 % CI -26 to -11). In contrast, PC4, characterized by protein, vitamin B2, phosphorus, and calcium, was associated with a weight gain of +41 g/year (95 % CI +2 to +80) and +88 g/year (95 % CI +36 to +140) in men and women, respectively. Associations with PC2, a pattern driven by many micro-nutrients, and with PC3, a pattern driven by vitamin D, were less consistent and/or non-significant., Conclusions: We identified two main nutrient patterns that are associated with moderate but significant long-term differences in weight gain in adults.
Published: 2016
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41. Exome Genotyping Identifies Pleiotropic Variants Associated with Red Blood Cell Traits.

Author: Chami N, Chen MH, Slater AJ, Eicher JD, Evangelou E, Tajuddin SM, Love-Gregory L, Kacprowski T, Schick UM, Nomura A, Giri A, Lessard S, Brody JA, Schurmann C, Pankratz N, Yanek LR, Manichaikul A, Pazoki R, Mihailov E, Hill WD, Raffield LM, Burt A, Bartz TM, Becker DM, Becker LC, Boerwinkle E, Bork-Jensen J, Bottinger EP, O'Donoghue ML, Crosslin DR, de Denus S, Dubé MP, Elliott P, Engström G, Evans MK, Floyd JS, Fornage M, Gao H, Greinacher A, Gudnason V, Hansen T, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hernesniemi J, Highland HM, Hirschhorn JN, Hofman A, Irvin MR, Kähönen M, Lange E, Launer LJ, Lehtimäki T, Li J, Liewald DC, Linneberg A, Liu Y, Lu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Mägi R, Mathias RA, Melander O, Metspalu A, Mononen N, Nalls MA, Nickerson DA, Nikus K, O'Donnell CJ, Orho-Melander M, Pedersen O, Petersmann A, Polfus L, Psaty BM, Raitakari OT, Raitoharju E, Richard M, Rice KM, Rivadeneira F, Rotter JI, Schmidt F, Smith AV, Starr JM, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Thuesen BH, Torstenson ES, Tracy RP, Tzoulaki I, Zakai NA, Vacchi-Suzzi C, van Duijn CM, van Rooij FJ, Cushman M, Deary IJ, Velez Edwards DR, Vergnaud AC, Wallentin L, Waterworth DM, White HD, Wilson JG, Zonderman AB, Kathiresan S, Grarup N, Esko T, Loos RJ, Lange LA, Faraday N, Abumrad NA, Edwards TL, Ganesh SK, Auer PL, Johnson AD, Reiner AP, and Lettre G
Subjects: Black or African American genetics, Allelic Imbalance, Erythrocyte Indices, Erythrocytes metabolism, Gene Frequency, Hematocrit, Hemoglobins genetics, Humans, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Erythrocytes cytology, Erythropoiesis genetics, Exome genetics, Genetic Pleiotropy, Genetic Variation genetics, Genotype
Abstract: Red blood cell (RBC) traits are important heritable clinical biomarkers and modifiers of disease severity. To identify coding genetic variants associated with these traits, we conducted meta-analyses of seven RBC phenotypes in 130,273 multi-ethnic individuals from studies genotyped on an exome array. After conditional analyses and replication in 27,480 independent individuals, we identified 16 new RBC variants. We found low-frequency missense variants in MAP1A (rs55707100, minor allele frequency [MAF] = 3.3%, p = 2 × 10(-10) for hemoglobin [HGB]) and HNF4A (rs1800961, MAF = 2.4%, p < 3 × 10(-8) for hematocrit [HCT] and HGB). In African Americans, we identified a nonsense variant in CD36 associated with higher RBC distribution width (rs3211938, MAF = 8.7%, p = 7 × 10(-11)) and showed that it is associated with lower CD36 expression and strong allelic imbalance in ex vivo differentiated human erythroblasts. We also identified a rare missense variant in ALAS2 (rs201062903, MAF = 0.2%) associated with lower mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p < 8 × 10(-9)). Mendelian mutations in ALAS2 are a cause of sideroblastic anemia and erythropoietic protoporphyria. Gene-based testing highlighted three rare missense variants in PKLR, a gene mutated in Mendelian non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia, associated with HGB and HCT (SKAT p < 8 × 10(-7)). These rare, low-frequency, and common RBC variants showed pleiotropy, being also associated with platelet, white blood cell, and lipid traits. Our association results and functional annotation suggest the involvement of new genes in human erythropoiesis. We also confirm that rare and low-frequency variants play a role in the architecture of complex human traits, although their phenotypic effect is generally smaller than originally anticipated., (Copyright © 2016 American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2016
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42. Large-Scale Exome-wide Association Analysis Identifies Loci for White Blood Cell Traits and Pleiotropy with Immune-Mediated Diseases.

Author: Tajuddin SM, Schick UM, Eicher JD, Chami N, Giri A, Brody JA, Hill WD, Kacprowski T, Li J, Lyytikäinen LP, Manichaikul A, Mihailov E, O'Donoghue ML, Pankratz N, Pazoki R, Polfus LM, Smith AV, Schurmann C, Vacchi-Suzzi C, Waterworth DM, Evangelou E, Yanek LR, Burt A, Chen MH, van Rooij FJ, Floyd JS, Greinacher A, Harris TB, Highland HM, Lange LA, Liu Y, Mägi R, Nalls MA, Mathias RA, Nickerson DA, Nikus K, Starr JM, Tardif JC, Tzoulaki I, Velez Edwards DR, Wallentin L, Bartz TM, Becker LC, Denny JC, Raffield LM, Rioux JD, Friedrich N, Fornage M, Gao H, Hirschhorn JN, Liewald DC, Rich SS, Uitterlinden A, Bastarache L, Becker DM, Boerwinkle E, de Denus S, Bottinger EP, Hayward C, Hofman A, Homuth G, Lange E, Launer LJ, Lehtimäki T, Lu Y, Metspalu A, O'Donnell CJ, Quarells RC, Richard M, Torstenson ES, Taylor KD, Vergnaud AC, Zonderman AB, Crosslin DR, Deary IJ, Dörr M, Elliott P, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Kähönen M, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Slater AJ, Dehghan A, White HD, Ganesh SK, Loos RJ, Esko T, Faraday N, Wilson JG, Cushman M, Johnson AD, Edwards TL, Zakai NA, Lettre G, Reiner AP, and Auer PL
Subjects: Blood Cell Count, Humans, Quality Control, Exome genetics, Genetic Loci genetics, Genetic Pleiotropy, Genome-Wide Association Study, Immune System Diseases genetics, Leukocytes cytology
Abstract: White blood cells play diverse roles in innate and adaptive immunity. Genetic association analyses of phenotypic variation in circulating white blood cell (WBC) counts from large samples of otherwise healthy individuals can provide insights into genes and biologic pathways involved in production, differentiation, or clearance of particular WBC lineages (myeloid, lymphoid) and also potentially inform the genetic basis of autoimmune, allergic, and blood diseases. We performed an exome array-based meta-analysis of total WBC and subtype counts (neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, and eosinophils) in a multi-ancestry discovery and replication sample of ∼157,622 individuals from 25 studies. We identified 16 common variants (8 of which were coding variants) associated with one or more WBC traits, the majority of which are pleiotropically associated with autoimmune diseases. Based on functional annotation, these loci included genes encoding surface markers of myeloid, lymphoid, or hematopoietic stem cell differentiation (CD69, CD33, CD87), transcription factors regulating lineage specification during hematopoiesis (ASXL1, IRF8, IKZF1, JMJD1C, ETS2-PSMG1), and molecules involved in neutrophil clearance/apoptosis (C10orf54, LTA), adhesion (TNXB), or centrosome and microtubule structure/function (KIF9, TUBD1). Together with recent reports of somatic ASXL1 mutations among individuals with idiopathic cytopenias or clonal hematopoiesis of undetermined significance, the identification of a common regulatory 3' UTR variant of ASXL1 suggests that both germline and somatic ASXL1 mutations contribute to lower blood counts in otherwise asymptomatic individuals. These association results shed light on genetic mechanisms that regulate circulating WBC counts and suggest a prominent shared genetic architecture with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases., (Copyright © 2016 American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2016
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43. Platelet-Related Variants Identified by Exomechip Meta-analysis in 157,293 Individuals.

Author: Eicher JD, Chami N, Kacprowski T, Nomura A, Chen MH, Yanek LR, Tajuddin SM, Schick UM, Slater AJ, Pankratz N, Polfus L, Schurmann C, Giri A, Brody JA, Lange LA, Manichaikul A, Hill WD, Pazoki R, Elliot P, Evangelou E, Tzoulaki I, Gao H, Vergnaud AC, Mathias RA, Becker DM, Becker LC, Burt A, Crosslin DR, Lyytikäinen LP, Nikus K, Hernesniemi J, Kähönen M, Raitoharju E, Mononen N, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Cushman M, Zakai NA, Nickerson DA, Raffield LM, Quarells R, Willer CJ, Peloso GM, Abecasis GR, Liu DJ, Deloukas P, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Erdmann J, Fornage M, Richard M, Tardif JC, Rioux JD, Dube MP, de Denus S, Lu Y, Bottinger EP, Loos RJ, Smith AV, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, Velez Edwards DR, Torstenson ES, Liu Y, Tracy RP, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Highland HM, Boerwinkle E, Li J, Lange E, Wilson JG, Mihailov E, Mägi R, Hirschhorn J, Metspalu A, Esko T, Vacchi-Suzzi C, Nalls MA, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Engström G, Orho-Melander M, Melander O, O'Donoghue ML, Waterworth DM, Wallentin L, White HD, Floyd JS, Bartz TM, Rice KM, Psaty BM, Starr JM, Liewald DC, Hayward C, Deary IJ, Greinacher A, Völker U, Thiele T, Völzke H, van Rooij FJ, Uitterlinden AG, Franco OH, Dehghan A, Edwards TL, Ganesh SK, Kathiresan S, Faraday N, Auer PL, Reiner AP, Lettre G, and Johnson AD
Subjects: Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Count, Blood Platelets metabolism, Exome genetics, Genetic Variation genetics
Abstract: Platelet production, maintenance, and clearance are tightly controlled processes indicative of platelets' important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets are common targets for primary and secondary prevention of several conditions. They are monitored clinically by complete blood counts, specifically with measurements of platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV). Identifying genetic effects on PLT and MPV can provide mechanistic insights into platelet biology and their role in disease. Therefore, we formed the Blood Cell Consortium (BCX) to perform a large-scale meta-analysis of Exomechip association results for PLT and MPV in 157,293 and 57,617 individuals, respectively. Using the low-frequency/rare coding variant-enriched Exomechip genotyping array, we sought to identify genetic variants associated with PLT and MPV. In addition to confirming 47 known PLT and 20 known MPV associations, we identified 32 PLT and 18 MPV associations not previously observed in the literature across the allele frequency spectrum, including rare large effect (FCER1A), low-frequency (IQGAP2, MAP1A, LY75), and common (ZMIZ2, SMG6, PEAR1, ARFGAP3/PACSIN2) variants. Several variants associated with PLT/MPV (PEAR1, MRVI1, PTGES3) were also associated with platelet reactivity. In concurrent BCX analyses, there was overlap of platelet-associated variants with red (MAP1A, TMPRSS6, ZMIZ2) and white (PEAR1, ZMIZ2, LY75) blood cell traits, suggesting common regulatory pathways with shared genetic architecture among these hematopoietic lineages. Our large-scale Exomechip analyses identified previously undocumented associations with platelet traits and further indicate that several complex quantitative hematological, lipid, and cardiovascular traits share genetic factors., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2016
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44. Validation of objective records and misreporting of personal radio use in a cohort of British Police forces (the Airwave Health Monitoring Study).

Author: Vergnaud AC, Aresu M, McRobie D, Singh D, Spear J, Heard A, and Elliott P
Subjects: Adult, Algorithms, Bias, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, United Kingdom, Occupational Exposure, Police statistics & numerical data, Radio statistics & numerical data, Radio Waves, Self Report
Abstract: Background: Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) is a digital communication system progressively adopted by Police Forces in Great Britain since 2001. In 2000, the UK Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones suggested that exposure to TETRA-like signal modulation might have adverse effects on health. The Airwave Health Monitoring Study was established to investigate possible long-term effects of TETRA use on health. This requires estimation of TETRA use among Police Force employees participating in the study., Methods: We investigated TETRA usage among 42,112 Police officers and staff. An algorithm was created to link each personal radio user to his/her objective radio usage records for the 26,035 participants with available data. We linked 16,577 personal radio users to their objective radio usage records and compared self-reported usage with data from the TETRA operator for those individuals., Results: For weekly usage, the correlation between self-reported and operator-derived personal radio usage was r=0.69 for number and r=0.59 for the duration of calls. Compared with objective data, participants under-reported the number of calls and over-reported the duration of calls by a factor of around 4 and 1.6 respectively. Correlations were lower and bias higher when looking at daily usage., Conclusion: Where both objective and self-reported information were available, our study showed substantial misreporting in self-reported TETRA usage. Successful linkage of large numbers of TETRA users to objective data on their personal radios will allow objective assessment of TETRA radio usage for these participants and development of algorithms to correct bias in self-reported data for the remainder., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2016
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45. Power Analysis and Sample Size Determination in Metabolic Phenotyping.

Author: Blaise BJ, Correia G, Tin A, Young JH, Vergnaud AC, Lewis M, Pearce JT, Elliott P, Nicholson JK, Holmes E, and Ebbels TM
Subjects: Animals, Caenorhabditis elegans, Datasets as Topic statistics & numerical data, Humans, Models, Statistical, Preliminary Data, Sample Size, Metabolome, Metabolomics statistics & numerical data, Multivariate Analysis
Abstract: Estimation of statistical power and sample size is a key aspect of experimental design. However, in metabolic phenotyping, there is currently no accepted approach for these tasks, in large part due to the unknown nature of the expected effect. In such hypothesis free science, neither the number or class of important analytes nor the effect size are known a priori. We introduce a new approach, based on multivariate simulation, which deals effectively with the highly correlated structure and high-dimensionality of metabolic phenotyping data. First, a large data set is simulated based on the characteristics of a pilot study investigating a given biomedical issue. An effect of a given size, corresponding either to a discrete (classification) or continuous (regression) outcome is then added. Different sample sizes are modeled by randomly selecting data sets of various sizes from the simulated data. We investigate different methods for effect detection, including univariate and multivariate techniques. Our framework allows us to investigate the complex relationship between sample size, power, and effect size for real multivariate data sets. For instance, we demonstrate for an example pilot data set that certain features achieve a power of 0.8 for a sample size of 20 samples or that a cross-validated predictivity QY(2) of 0.8 is reached with an effect size of 0.2 and 200 samples. We exemplify the approach for both nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data from humans and the model organism C. elegans.
Published: 2016
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46. Healthy lifestyle and risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort study.

Author: McKenzie F, Ferrari P, Freisling H, Chajès V, Rinaldi S, de Batlle J, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Baglietto L, Dartois L, Dossus L, Lagiou P, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Krogh V, Panico S, Tumino R, Rosso S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, May A, Peeters PH, Weiderpass E, Buckland G, Sanchez MJ, Navarro C, Ardanaz E, Andersson A, Sund M, Ericson U, Wirfält E, Key TJ, Travis RC, Gunter M, Riboli E, Vergnaud AC, and Romieu I
Subjects: Alcohol Drinking psychology, Anthropometry, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Diet psychology, Exercise psychology, Female, Health Status, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Postmenopause psychology, White People psychology, Women's Health
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and prevention strategies are needed to reduce incidence worldwide. A healthy lifestyle index score (HLIS) was generated to investigate the joint effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on postmenopausal breast cancer risk. The study included 242,918 postmenopausal women from the multinational European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, with detailed information on diet and lifestyle assessed at baseline. The HLIS was constructed from five factors (diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and anthropometry) by assigning scores of 0-4 to categories of each component, for which higher values indicate healthier behaviours. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by Cox proportional regression models. During 10.9 years of median follow-up, 7,756 incident breast cancer cases were identified. There was a 3% lower risk of breast cancer per point increase of the HLIS. Breast cancer risk was inversely associated with a high HLIS when fourth versus second (reference) categories were compared [adjusted HR = 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-0.83]. The fourth versus the second category of the HLIS was associated with a lower risk for hormone receptor double positive (adjusted HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.98) and hormone receptor double negative breast cancer (adjusted HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40-0.90). Findings suggest having a high score on an index of combined healthy behaviours reduces the risk of developing breast cancer among postmenopausal women. Programmes which engage women in long term health behaviours should be supported., (© 2014 UICC.)
Published: 2015
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47. Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients: a cohort study.

Author: Romaguera D, Ward H, Wark PA, Vergnaud AC, Peeters PH, van Gils CH, Ferrari P, Fedirko V, Jenab M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Dossus L, Dartois L, Hansen CP, Dahm CC, Buckland G, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Navarro C, Barricarte A, Key TJ, Trichopoulou A, Tsironis C, Lagiou P, Masala G, Pala V, Tumino R, Vineis P, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Siersema PD, Ohlsson B, Jirström K, Wennberg M, Nilsson LM, Weiderpass E, Kühn T, Katzke V, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Tjønneland A, Boeing H, Quirós JR, Gunter MJ, Riboli E, and Norat T
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Diet, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, White People, Colorectal Neoplasms mortality, Life Style, Patient Compliance statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Background: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for cancer prevention. Previous studies have demonstrated that higher concordance with these recommendations measured using an index score (the WCRF/AICR score) was associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients., Methods: The association between the WCRF/AICR score (score range 0-6 in men and 0-7 in women; higher scores indicate greater concordance) assessed on average 6.4 years before diagnosis and CRC-specific (n = 872) and overall mortality (n = 1,113) was prospectively examined among 3,292 participants diagnosed with CRC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (mean follow-up time after diagnosis 4.2 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality., Results: The HRs (95% CIs) for CRC-specific mortality among participants in the second (score range in men/women: 2.25-2.75/3.25-3.75), third (3-3.75/4-4.75), and fourth (4-6/5-7) categories of the score were 0.87 (0.72-1.06), 0.74 (0.61-0.90), and 0.70 (0.56-0.89), respectively (P for trend <0.0001), compared to participants with the lowest concordance with the recommendations (category 1 of the score: 0-2/0-3). Similar HRs for overall mortality were observed (P for trend 0.004). Meeting the recommendations on body fatness and plant food consumption were associated with improved survival among CRC cases in mutually adjusted models., Conclusions: Greater concordance with the WCRF/AICR recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness prior to CRC diagnosis is associated with improved survival among CRC patients.
Published: 2015
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48. Meat and fish consumption and the risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.

Author: Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Overvad K, Lund Würtz AM, Roswall N, Tjonneland A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Racine A, Bastide N, Palli D, Agnoli C, Panico S, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Weikert S, Steffen A, Kühn T, Li K, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Bradbury KE, Peppa E, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Hjartåker A, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Jakszyn P, Dorronsoro M, Barricarte A, Santiuste de Pablos C, Molina-Montes E, de la Torre RA, Ericson U, Sonestedt E, Johansson M, Ljungberg B, Freisling H, Romieu I, Cross AJ, Vergnaud AC, Riboli E, and Boeing H
Subjects: Adult, Animals, Carcinoma, Renal Cell epidemiology, Europe epidemiology, Feeding Behavior, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Kidney Neoplasms epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Carcinoma, Renal Cell etiology, Fishes, Kidney Neoplasms etiology, Meat adverse effects
Abstract: Renal cell cancer (RCC) incidence varies worldwide with a higher incidence in developed countries and lifestyle is likely to contribute to the development of this disease. We examined whether meat and fish consumption were related to the risk of RCC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). The analysis included 493,179 EPIC participants, recruited between 1992 and 2000. Until December 2008, 691 RCC cases have been identified. Meat and fish consumption was assessed at baseline using country-specific dietary assessment instruments; 24-hour recalls were applied in an 8% subsample for calibration purposes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Women with a high consumption of red meat (HR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.14-1.62; calibrated, per 50 g/day) and processed meat (HR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.05-3.03; calibrated, per 50 g/day) had a higher risk of RCC, while no association existed in men. For processed meat, the association with RCC incidence was prominent in premenopausal women and was lacking in postmenopausal women (p interaction = 0.02). Neither poultry nor fish consumption were statistically significantly associated with the risk of RCC. The results show a distinct association of red and processed meat consumption with incident RCC in women but not in men. A biological explanation for these findings remains unclear., (© 2014 UICC.)
Published: 2015
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49. Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author: Leenders M, Leufkens AM, Siersema PD, van Duijnhoven FJ, Vrieling A, Hulshof PJ, van Gils CH, Overvad K, Roswall N, Kyrø C, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fagerhazzi G, Cadeau C, Kühn T, Johnson T, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K, Trichopoulou A, Klinaki E, Androulidaki A, Palli D, Grioni S, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Panico S, Bakker MF, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Jakszyn P, Barricarte A, María Huerta J, Molina-Montes E, Argüelles M, Johansson I, Ljuslinder I, Key TJ, Bradbury KE, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Ferrari P, Duarte-Salles T, Jenab M, Gunter MJ, Vergnaud AC, Wark PA, and Bueno-de-Mesquita HB
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Antioxidants chemistry, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Colonic Neoplasms diagnosis, Europe, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Oxidative Stress, Rectal Neoplasms diagnosis, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Ascorbic Acid blood, Carotenoids blood, Colonic Neoplasms blood, Diet, Rectal Neoplasms blood, Vitamin A blood, Vitamin E blood
Abstract: Carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E are possibly associated with a reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through antioxidative properties. The association of prediagnostic plasma concentrations and dietary consumption of carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E with the risk of colon and rectal cancer was examined in this case-control study, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids (α- and β-carotene, canthaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin) and vitamins A (retinol), C and E (α-, β- and γ- and δ-tocopherol) and dietary consumption of β-carotene and vitamins A, C and E were determined in 898 colon cancer cases, 501 rectal cancer cases and 1,399 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were performed to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An association was observed between higher prediagnostic plasma retinol concentration and a lower risk of colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.87, p for trend = 0.01), most notably proximal colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.77, p for trend = 0.01). Additionally, inverse associations for dietary β-carotene and dietary vitamins C and E with (distal) colon cancer were observed. Although other associations were suggested, there seems little evidence for a role of these selected compounds in preventing CRC through their antioxidative properties., (© 2014 UICC.)
Published: 2014
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50. Consumption of predefined 'Nordic' dietary items in ten European countries - an investigation in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Author: Roswall N, Olsen A, Boll K, Christensen J, Halkjær J, Sørensen TI, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Cottet V, Teucher B, Kaaks R, Boeing H, von Ruesten A, Trichopoulou A, Oikonomou E, Vasilopoulou E, Pala V, Sacerdote C, Mattiello A, Masala G, Peeters PH, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Engeset D, Skeie G, Asli LA, Amiano P, Jakszyn P, Ardanaz E, Huerta JM, Quirós JR, Molina-Montes E, Nilsson LM, Johansson I, Wirfält E, Drake I, Mulligan AA, Khaw KT, Romaguera D, Vergnaud AC, Key T, Riboli E, and Tjønneland A
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet Surveys, Europe, Female, Food, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Scandinavian and Nordic Countries, Diet, Feeding Behavior
Abstract: Objective: Health-beneficial effects of adhering to a healthy Nordic diet index have been suggested. However, it has not been examined to what extent the included dietary components are exclusively related to the Nordic countries or if they are part of other European diets as well, suggesting a broader preventive potential. The present study describes the intake of seven a priori defined healthy food items (apples/pears, berries, cabbages, dark bread, shellfish, fish and root vegetables) across ten countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and examines their consumption across Europe., Design: Cross-sectional study. A 24 h dietary recall was administered through a software program containing country-specific recipes. Sex-specific mean food intake was calculated for each centre/country, as well as percentage of overall food groups consumed as healthy Nordic food items. All analyses were weighted by day and season of data collection., Setting: Multi-centre, European study., Subjects: Persons (n 36 970) aged 35-74 years, constituting a random sample of 519 978 EPIC participants., Results: The highest intakes of the included diet components were: cabbages and berries in Central Europe; apples/pears in Southern Europe; dark bread in Norway, Denmark and Greece; fish in Southern and Northern countries; shellfish in Spain; and root vegetables in Northern and Central Europe. Large inter-centre variation, however, existed in some countries., Conclusions: Dark bread, root vegetables and fish are strongly related to a Nordic dietary tradition. Apples/pears, berries, cabbages, fish, shellfish and root vegetables are broadly consumed in Europe, and may thus be included in regional public health campaigns.
Published: 2014
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