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BACKGROUND While mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors have revolutionized the management of angiofibroma in tuberous sclerosis complex (TS), physical modalities such as laser are still indicated for recalcitrant lesions. OBJECTIVE The authors performed a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of laser treatment for TS-related facial angiofibroma. METHODS The electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science were searched from inception to October 10, 2023, for eligible records. RESULTS Forty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria, representing a total of 217 patients with TS-related facial angiofibroma who received laser treatment. Several lasers have been trialed in patients including carbon dioxide (n 5 95, 43.7%), pulsed dye (n 5 21, 9.7%), argon (n 5 16, 7.4%), neodymium-doped: yttrium aluminum garnet (n 5 12, 5.5%), copper vapor (n 5 9, 4.1%), potassium titanyl phosphate (n 5 7, 3.2%), erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet (n 5 2, 0.9%), lasers and various combination therapies (n 5 55, 25.3%). CONCLUSION Potassium titanyl phosphate, pulsed dye, and neodymium-dopsed:yttrium aluminum garnet lasers are better suited to manage the vascular components of angiofibroma while ablative lasers such as erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet and carbon dioxide lasers may present better options for lesions with a prominent fibrous component. While several lasers have been trialed with broadly favorable results, the low level of evidence precludes definitive conclusions, and no single laser appears superior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes a case of an older male patient with genetic history of transthyretin amyloidosis. Topics mentioned include the similarity of the disease with giant cell arteritis, the presence of ill-defined erythematous rash on the face with ecchymosis, the results of the routine blood tests, and the clinical manifestations of the amyloidosis.

This article discusses a case study of a 75-year-old woman with type 1 cryoglobulinaemia, a rare condition characterized by the presence of abnormal proteins in the blood. The woman initially presented with a vasculitic rash and polyarthritis, which progressed to skin ulcers and retinopathy. She was treated with various medications, including methylprednisone and cyclophosphamide, but experienced complications such as pancytopenia and pseudomonal septicaemia. The article emphasizes the importance of ongoing monitoring and multidisciplinary involvement in managing systemic manifestations of cryoglobulinaemia. [Extracted from the article]

Phrynoderma is an under-recognized condition that reflects nutritional deficiency. A 65-year-old man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome presented with a hyperkeratotic, scaly, pruritic eruption affecting his trunk and extremities. Despite previous treatment with topical corticosteroids, his condition worsened. A diagnosis of phrynoderma was confirmed based on clinical findings and severe nutritional deficiencies of vitamin A, vitamin D, and active vitamin B12. The patient was counseled on increasing his dietary intake and started on supplements, topical treatment, and phototherapy, resulting in improvement. Phrynoderma is associated with general malnutrition and can be seen in individuals with fat malabsorption or other underlying medical conditions. Prompt recognition and appropriate treatment are important in managing this condition. [Extracted from the article]

Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune subepithelial disease characterised by pruritus followed by urticarial plaques and finally bullae on the skin and mucosa. Drug-associated bullous pemphigoid (DABP) is a term used to describe instances of bullous pemphigoid demonstrating clinical, histological, or immunopathological features identical or similar to those of the idiopathic form of bullous pemphigoid, associated with the systemic ingestion, or topical application of particular drugs. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive search of the literature according to PRISMA guidelines and a total of 170 publications were included in the final qualitative analysis. In conclusion, 89 drugs were implicated in DABP. The strongest evidence for DABP is seen with gliptins, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, loop diuretics, penicillin and derivatives. An appreciation of the medications associated with bullous pemphigoid enables clinicians to identify potential cases of DABP earlier and cease the offending medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymphomatoid papulosis is a recurrent, papulonodular skin eruption that demonstrates histopathological features of CD30+ lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphomatoid papulosis is classified as a primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder, which also encompasses primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (pcALCL) and borderline or indeterminate cases.1 Lymphomatoid papulosis and pcALCL comprise a spectrum where indeterminate cases may exhibit similar clinical and histopathological features. These variants have been described extensively elsewhere with type A the most common (75%).1 Follicular lymphomatoid papulosis is characterised by perifollicular infiltrate of CD30+ atypical medium-to-large lymphoid cells, with variable degree of folliculotropism, follicular mucinosis and neutrophilic infiltrate of follicular infundibula (type F). [Extracted from the article]