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ABSTRACT: Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are of particular economic importance in the highlands of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, by virtue of the number of breweries in the region. However, since the cultivars currently available in the country present poor qualitative attributes and low cone productivity, there is considerable demand for improved genotypes. The results of diallel crossing experiments help to increase our understanding of inheritance processes and the mechanisms controlling the transfer of alleles with additive or non-additive action, thereby allowing breeders to explore the benefits of heterosis. The present study evaluated the general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) of four hop genotypes and to obtain F1 hybrids with agronomic traits superior to those of the parents and the ability to adapt to the environmental conditions in the Santa Catarina highlands. Partial diallel crosses were performed using a randomized complete block design involving 14 treatments, namely two male parents (Cascade and Hallertauer), four female parents (Columbus, Chinook, Cascade and Hallertauer) and eight hybrid combinations, with three repetitions each. The results showed that SCA was the predominant controlling mechanism for the manifestation in hybrids of the traits length of the lateral branch, height of insertion of the first cone, plant green mass and cone productivity. Some parental combinations also exhibited high GCA, indicating the presence of favorable alleles with additive action. The best combination was Hallertauer × Cascade, a finding that highlights the importance of choosing parents from different gene pools (American × European) to obtain genetically enhanced hybrids.

ABSTRACT: Studies on the improvement of hops (Humulus lupulus) in Brazil are recent and seek to establish self-sufficiency in production. Knowledge of the variability of genotypes available in the country is of fundamental importance for the development of a hop improvement program. The objective of the research was to characterize and identify hop parents with agronomic and brewing potential for the Planalto Catarinense region, Brazil. The randomized block design arranged in a 3x4 factorial scheme was used with 12 treatments: (Factor 1: three years of cultivation (2019, 2020 and 2021) and combined with factor: four genotypes (Cascade, Chinook, Columbus and Hallertau). The characters evaluated were fresh mass of plants (MFP, g), green mass of cones (MTV, g), dry mass of cones (MSC, g), alpha-acid content (ALFA, %) and production (PROD, g per plant). The Hallertauer genotype showed better performance and differentiated behavior for the characters of fresh mass of plants, dry mass of cones and production, when compared to the others. Thus, from these results it was observed that there is variation available for the genetic improvement of hops for these characters, a factor that will allow obtaining productive gains in the development of new cultivars, based on this promising genotype.

Resumo: Relatado caso de Púrpura Trombocitopênica Trombótica (PTT) em paciente com diagnóstico recente de infecção Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). Caso clínico: Paciente masculino, 27 anos, com relato de HIV diagnosticado há 30 dias, sem tratamento, internado por rebaixamento de consciência há 1 dia, desvio de rima e parestesia em membros superiores. Na admissão em nosso serviço, realizada entubação orotraqueal pelo quadro neurológico. Levantada a hipótese de PTT diante do quadro clínico-laboratorial suspeito: apresentava anemia com hemoglobina de 5,5g/dL, reticulócitos e DHL aumentados, esquizócitos em sangue periférico e plaquetopenia de 50.000 mm3. Na ocasião, indisponível a dosagem de ADAMTS13. Iniciados plasmaférese e metilprednisolona. Testes para criptococo, citomegalovírus e toxoplasmose foram negativos. Tomografia de crânio sem lesões significativas. O paciente foi extubado após melhora clínica e laboratorial. No sétimo dia, houve melhora dos sintomas e espaçamento das sessões de plasmaferese. A TARV foi iniciada, transicionado corticóide para via oral, e alta hospitalar no 14º dia com plaquetas em ascensão e esquizócitos raros.Retorno ambulatorial após 10 dias, em uso de corticoterapia, TARV e profilaxias, com hemoglobina de 12 g/dL e 210 mil plaquetas. Segue acompanhamento, sem novos eventos e retirada gradual de corticoterapia. Discussão: PTT é uma microangiopatia trombótica potencialmente fatal, caracterizada por anemia hemolítica microangiopática, trombocitopenia grave e isquemia de órgãos ligada a trombos ricos em plaquetas. Está relacionada à deficiência grave de ADAMTS13, protease específica de clivagem do fator de von Willebrand e o único marcador biológico específico para PTT. Inicialmente o diagnóstico de PTT era definido por uma pêntade: febre, anemia hemolítica, lesão cutânea (púrpura) ou outro sangramento relacionado à trombocitopenia, anormalidades neurológicas e disfunção renal. Hoje, a combinação de trombocitopenia com anemia microangiopática hemolítica é suficiente para presumir PTT. PTT secundária pode ocorrer por doenças autoimunes ou infecções virais, onde a disfunção endotelial e a ativação do sistema imunológico promovem um estado de hipercoagulabilidade. Estudos observacionais, especialmente na África, associaram a infecção por HIV à PTT, mostrando boa evolução com terapia de substituição plasmática, apesar do acesso limitado à TARV nestes países. A infecção pelo HIV não altera o prognóstico da PTT, e a resposta à terapia, bem como as taxas de remissão e sobrevida são comparáveis. Esses pacientes, portanto, se beneficiam das medidas usuais no manejo da PTT, junto à terapia antirretroviral. É crucial que os profissionais relacionados ao atendimento de tais pacientes estejam cientes da associação HIV-PTT e atentos aos sinais e sintomas dessa síndrome potencialmente fatal.

ABSTRACT: The maternal diet and egg incubation temperature are some of the factors that can influence the embryonic development and performance of the newly chicks at 15 d of age. This study evaluated the effects of adding a blend of organic acids, essential oils, curcumin, tannins, vitamin E, and zinc microencapsulated in to the diet of female quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on their productive, reproductive performance and redox parameters of their eggs and the interaction of maternal diet × incubation temperature on embryo (E16 and E18) and chicks development. At 98 d of age, 64 female quails with a mean body weight of 150 g ± 0.5 were distributed into two treatments: a Basal diet or a diet supplemented with blend (Sannimix). The eggs from each female were incubated at 37.5°C (Control) and 38.5°C (High Temperature) throughout the incubation period. After hatching, chicks were distributed in a 2 (maternal diet) × 2 (incubation temperature) factorial design. Female quails supplemented with Sannimix showed better productive and reproductive performance and produced higher-quality embryos. Their offspring had greater weight at hatch and at 15 d of age. The eggs and offspring of supplemented with Sannimix female quails showed better oxidative stability. At E16 and E18, High Temperature increased yolk sac utilization and gene expression of the growth hormone receptor (GHR). At E16, embryos from supplemented with Sannimix female quail had higher expression of insulin-like growth factor type I (IGFI) and heat shock protein 70 kDa genes. At 15 d of age, highest expression of the GHR and IGFI genes was observed in chicks from female quails fed the Sannimix diet, regardless of incubation temperature. Regarding the maternal diet × incubation temperature an improved result was observed for chicks from female quails fed with Sannimix even when eggs are exposed to High Temperature during the incubation. The supplementation of quail diets with blend Sannimix improves productive and reproductive performance, egg quality and their embryos, as well as their offspring quality.

Abstract Background Lifestyle choices, metformin, and dietary supplements may prevent GDM, but the effect of intervention characteristics has not been identified. This review evaluated intervention characteristics to inform the implementation of GDM prevention interventions. Methods Ovid, MEDLINE/PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework was used to examine intervention characteristics (who, what, when, where, and how). Subgroup analysis was performed by intervention characteristics. Results 116 studies involving 40,940 participants are included. Group-based physical activity interventions (RR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.95) reduce the incidence of GDM compared with individual or mixed (individual and group) delivery format (subgroup p-value = 0.04). Physical activity interventions delivered at healthcare facilities reduce the risk of GDM (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.49, 0.72) compared with home-based interventions (subgroup p-value = 0.03). No other intervention characteristics impact the effectiveness of all other interventions. Conclusions Dietary, physical activity, diet plus physical activity, metformin, and myoinositol interventions reduce the incidence of GDM compared with control interventions. Group and healthcare facility-based physical activity interventions show better effectiveness in preventing GDM than individual and community-based interventions. Other intervention characteristics (e.g. utilization of e-health) don’t impact the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions, and thus, interventions may require consideration of the local context.

Abstract Background Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a routinely monitored aspect of pregnancy health, yet critical gaps remain about optimal GWG in pregnant people from socially marginalized groups, or with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) in the lower or upper extremes. The PROMISE study aims to determine overall and trimester-specific GWG associated with the lowest risk of adverse birth outcomes and detrimental infant and child growth in these underrepresented subgroups. This paper presents methods used to construct the PROMISE cohort using electronic health record data from a network of community-based healthcare organizations and characterize the cohort with respect to baseline characteristics, longitudinal data availability, and GWG. Methods We developed an algorithm to identify and date pregnancies based on outpatient clinical data for patients 15 years or older. The cohort included pregnancies delivered in 2005–2020 with gestational age between 20 weeks, 0 days and 42 weeks, 6 days; and with known height and adequate weight measures needed to examine GWG patterns. We linked offspring data from birth records and clinical records. We defined study variables with attention to timing relative to pregnancy and clinical data collection processes. Descriptive analyses characterize the sociodemographic, baseline, and longitudinal data characteristics of the cohort, overall and within BMI categories. Results The cohort includes 77,599 pregnancies: 53% had incomes below the federal poverty level, 82% had public insurance, and the largest race and ethnicity groups were Hispanic (56%), non-Hispanic White (23%) and non-Hispanic Black (12%). Pre-pregnancy BMI groups included 2% underweight, 34% normal weight, 31% overweight, and 19%, 8%, and 5% Class I, II, and III obesity. Longitudinal data enable the calculation of trimester-specific GWG; e.g., a median of 2, 4, and 6 valid weight measures were available in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Weekly rate of GWG was 0.00, 0.46, and 0.51 kg per week in the first, second, and third trimesters; differences in GWG between BMI groups were greatest in the second trimester. Conclusions The PROMISE cohort enables characterization of GWG patterns and estimation of effects on child growth in underrepresented subgroups, ultimately improving the representativeness of GWG evidence and corresponding guidelines.

Generalized anxiety disorder is a highly prevalent mental disorder. Previous data indicate that more than 18 million Brazilians suffer from this condition. Traditionally, generalized anxiety disorder has been considered a mild mental health disorder, despite its links to lower life expectancy, cardiovascular disease, and suicide. The aim of this article is to combine elements of systematic and critical reviews to produce a synthesis of the best evidence about generalized anxiety disorder treatment. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials were included. The descriptor used in the search was “generalized anxiety disorder,” which resulted in 4,860 articles and seven other studies, of which 59 were selected. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines were indicated, as was pregabalin, and atypical antipsychotics, such as quetiapine, have been studied. Individual cognitive behavior therapy (third wave) has proven effective. There is extensive literature on many effective treatments for generalized anxiety disorder. The present review summarizes the therapeutic possibilities, emphasizing those available in Brazil. Further studies are needed to compare other available medications, assess psychotherapies and new treatments in greater depth, as well as to assess the ideal duration of therapy. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42021288323.

Introduction Given the increasing prevalence of both obesity and pre-diabetes in pregnant adults, there is growing interest in identifying hyperglycaemia in early pregnancy to optimise maternal and perinatal outcomes. Multiple organisations recommend first-trimester diabetes screening for individuals with risk factors; however, the benefits and drawbacks of detecting glucose abnormalities more mild than overt diabetes in early gestation and the best screening method to detect such abnormalities remain unclear.Methods and analysis The goal of the Glycemic Observation and Metabolic Outcomes in Mothers and Offspring study (GO MOMs) is to evaluate how early pregnancy glycaemia, measured using continuous glucose monitoring and oral glucose tolerance testing, relates to the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) at 24–28 weeks’ gestation (maternal primary outcome) and large-for-gestational-age birth weight (newborn primary outcome). Secondary objectives include relating early pregnancy glycaemia to other adverse pregnancy outcomes and comprehensively detailing longitudinal changes in glucose over the course of pregnancy. GO MOMs enrolment began in April 2021 and will continue for 3.5 years with a target sample size of 2150 participants.Ethics and dissemination GO MOMs is centrally overseen by Vanderbilt University’s Institutional Review Board and an Observational Study Monitoring Board appointed by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. GO MOMs has potential to yield data that will improve understanding of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy, elucidate better approaches for early pregnancy GDM screening, and inform future clinical trials of early GDM treatment.Trial registration number NCT04860336.

This study evaluated the effects of isolated or combined prebiotics blended with sodium butyrate and zinc proteinate on performance, intestinal morphometry, and expression of genes associated with nutrient transport and immune response in broilers. 1,400 birds were randomly assigned to 5 treatments (Negative control (NC) without antibiotic; Positive control (PC) with antibiotic; Prebiotic (Prebio) composed of mannan fractions; Blend, composed of sodium butyrate, hydrolysed yeast cell wall and zinc proteinate; and the combination Prebio + Blend), with eight replications and 35 birds per experimental unit. The PC led to higher weight gain (WG) and lowered feed conversion (FCR) from 1 to 7 days of life than the other treatments. The use of prebio and blend resulted in high WG from 22 to 42 days (1773; 1768.9 g, respectively). However, the combination of prebio + blend was similar to PC and NC treatments. The additives resulted in longer duodenal villi when administered alone and in ileal villi (p = 0.001) combined, with no effect on jejunal villi. Crypt depth and duodenal villus: crypt ratio was higher for both additives types. A significant difference among treatments in the expression of the sodium-dependent glucose transporter gene (SGLT1) was noted, with greater expression in birds that received NC. There was higher expression of the neutral and cationic amino acid transporter gene (y + LAT-2) with the prebio and blend, either alone or in combination. The prebio blend with sodium butyrate and zinc proteinate additives used separately in broiler diets supported beneficial changes in intestinal morphometry, nutrient absorption, and performance, indicating their value in antibiotic-free broiler production systems.

The whole development of the Italian commons implied since the early stages some kind of dialogue between communities of activists who have at heart the future of public property and local administrations experimenting with varied forms of dialogue with citizens. As elsewhere, the Italian commons movements do not come out of nowhere. They are instead deeply rooted in a context and history of civic and political activism within social movements and the third sector. Also dialog with institutions take place in the wake of a highly institutionalized tradition of interactions between state and civil society, which in Italy dates back to the early 1980s. Through two case studies – in Bologna and Naples – the paper shows two different ways of conceiving the commons. The first on the outcomes of the convergence between public administrations and commons movements in terms of services delivered, the second on the political process through which the commons is realised.

ABSTRACT Peanuts are mainly grown in sandy soils with low boron content, which may limit the crop yield, especially runner-type cultivars that have high-yields. Boron deficiency causes hollow heart in peanut seeds, reducing yield and seed quality, but the best strategy to supply boron to peanut is still not known. This study aimed to evaluate peanuts nutrition, yield, and seed quality as a function of boron rate, source, and application form. The study was conducted for two years in sandy soils with low boron in southeastern Brazil. Treatments included application of boron via soil: control (boron unfertilized), boric acid at 1.5 kg ha-1 of B, Ulexite (1.5 and 3.0 kg ha-1 of B), and sodium tetraborate (1.5 and 3.0 kg ha-1 of B) combined with foliar fertilization (sub-plots): 0, 400, 800 and 1200 g ha-1 of B (boric acid) with four replicates. Boron fertilization via soil and foliar increased peanuts yield by 20 % (1100 kg ha-1) and 14 % (700 kg ha-1) - the average of the two crops, respectively. Combined use of soil and foliar fertilizer was justified only in years with water deficit and when the rate applied via soil was low (

BACKGROUND: Excessive gestational weight gain has been associated with increased total body fat (TBF), metabolic syndrome, and abdominal obesity. However, little is known about the relationship of gestational weight gain with changes in metabolically active visceral or ectopic (hepatic and skeletal muscle) lipid stores. OBJECTIVES: In a prospective study of 50 healthy, pregnant women, we assessed whether changes in weight were associated with changes in total, visceral, and ectopic lipid stores. METHODS: Participants (ages 19-39) were primarily White (84%). The mean preconception BMI was 25.8 kg/m2 (SD, 4.5 kg/m2; min-max, 17.1-35.9 kg/m2). Measurements were completed at visits 1 and 2 at means of 16 and 34 weeks gestation, respectively, and included TBF using BOD POD; abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using MRI; and intrahepatic lipids (IHL), intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), and extramyocellular lipids (EMCL) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We used paired t-tests to examine changes in adipose tissue and Pearsons correlation to examine associations of adipose tissue changes and weight changes. We also examined whether changes in adipose tissue stores differed by preconception BMI (normal, overweight, and obese), using 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS: The TBF (mean change, +3.5 kg; 95% CI: 2.4-4.6 kg), SAT (mean change, +701 cm3; 95% CI: 421-981 cm3), VAT (mean change, +275 cm3; 95% CI: 170-379 cm3), and IHL (percentage water peak; median, +0.15; IQR = -0.01 to 0.32) values increased significantly; the IMCL and EMCL values did not change. Changes varied by BMI strata, with the least increase (or, for SAT, net loss) among women with obesity. Weight change was positively correlated with changes in TBF (r = 0.83; P

Abstract Background Precision prevention involves using the unique characteristics of a particular group to determine their responses to preventive interventions. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the participant characteristics associated with responses to interventions in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Pubmed to identify lifestyle (diet, physical activity, or both), metformin, myoinositol/inositol and probiotics interventions of GDM prevention published up to May 24, 2022. Results From 10347 studies, 116 studies (n = 40940 women) are included. Physical activity results in greater GDM reduction in participants with a normal body mass index (BMI) at baseline compared to obese BMI (risk ratio, 95% confidence interval: 0.06 [0.03, 0.14] vs 0.68 [0.26, 1.60]). Combined diet and physical activity interventions result in greater GDM reduction in participants without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than those with PCOS (0.62 [0.47, 0.82] vs 1.12 [0.78–1.61]) and in those without a history of GDM than those with unspecified GDM history (0.62 [0.47, 0.81] vs 0.85 [0.76, 0.95]). Metformin interventions are more effective in participants with PCOS than those with unspecified status (0.38 [0.19, 0.74] vs 0.59 [0.25, 1.43]), or when commenced preconception than during pregnancy (0.21 [0.11, 0.40] vs 1.15 [0.86–1.55]). Parity, history of having a large-for-gestational-age infant or family history of diabetes have no effect on intervention responses. Conclusions GDM prevention through metformin or lifestyle differs according to some individual characteristics. Future research should include trials commencing preconception and provide results disaggregated by a priori defined participant characteristics including social and environmental factors, clinical traits, and other novel risk factors to predict GDM prevention through interventions.

Abstract Cas12a, a CRISPR-associated protein complex, has an inherent ability to cleave DNA substrates and is utilized in diagnostic tools to identify DNA molecules. We demonstrate that multiple orthologs of Cas12a activate trans-cleavage in the presence of split activators. Specifically, the PAM-distal region of the crRNA recognizes RNA targets provided that the PAM-proximal seed region has a DNA target. Our method, Split Activator for Highly Accessible RNA Analysis (SAHARA), detects picomolar concentrations of RNA without sample amplification, reverse-transcription, or strand-displacement by simply supplying a short DNA sequence complementary to the seed region. Beyond RNA detection, SAHARA outperforms wild-type CRISPR-Cas12a in specificity towards point-mutations and can detect multiple RNA and DNA targets in pooled crRNA/Cas12a arrays via distinct PAM-proximal seed DNAs. In conclusion, SAHARA is a simple, yet powerful nucleic acid detection platform based on Cas12a that can be applied in a multiplexed fashion and potentially be expanded to other CRISPR-Cas enzymes.

Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é averiguar se o uso do orçamento diagnóstico ou interativo, moderado por comportamentos heurísticos, influencia às competências profissionais dos controllers. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho quantitativo, realizada por meio de levantamento com 109 indivíduos que exercem a função de controller. Para atender ao objetivo de pesquisa, além do diagnóstico dos dados por meio de contagem das respostas, foi utilizado um modelo de regressão logística, escolhido pelo método Retroceder de Wald. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados na pesquisa, indicam que há predominância das competências atreladas ao perfil bean counter nas funções laborais dos controllers. Quanto ao uso do orçamento verificou-se que o uso do orçamento interativo para comunicar metas às suas equipes de trabalho é característico de controllers cujas competências profissionais pertencem ao perfil business partner e apresentam comportamento influenciado por heurísticas, e independentemente de serem influenciados por heurísticas, utilizam o orçamento interativo para discussão de ações; enquanto o uso do orçamento diagnóstico para o planejamento gerencial é característico dos bean counters. Constatou-se também que há presença de heurísticas no comportamento dos controllers, com destaque para as de Ancoragem e Disponibilidade, porém não puderam ser atreladas diretamente às competências profissionais destes indivíduos. Contribuições do estudo: As contribuições teóricas do estudo esclarecem a respeito da relação entre os usos específicos dos orçamentos diagnóstico ou interativo influenciados por comportamento heurístico e as competências profissionais da Controladoria. A pesquisa amplia o debate da função do controller que predomina no Brasil.

A pesquisa objetivou verificar a existência de influência do valor recebido pelo ICMS Ecológico e a efetividade da gestão ambiental dos municípios paranaenses, sob a ótica do desenvolvimento sustentável medido pelo IEGM Ambiental, no período de 2019 a 2021. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, documental e de abordagem quantitativa e desenvolvido um modelo de regressão linear com dados em painel. A variável dependente foi o IEGM Ambiental; a variável independente, o ICMS Ecológico, e os dados demonstraram que o ICMS Ecológico foi estatisticamente significativo e exerce influência no IEGM Ambiental. Nessa ótica, é possível que o ICMS Ecológico paranaense tenda a ampliar os benefícios tributários aos Municípios e que o Pagamento por Serviço Ambiental (PSA) porque tem potencial para constituir-se numa das mais atrativas modalidades de incentivo às RPPN ao gerar benefícios financeiros diretos. Abstract: This study, aimed to measure the participation of the credit cooperative’s solidary interaction in the operationalization resources, hired by family farming in the municipality of, in the period from 2015 to 2019. The research can be characterized as exploratory, descriptive, field and case study, conducted over a qualitative and quantitative approach. Secondary data was based on bibliographic and documentary data, and primary data was collected from the cooperative through interviews with leaders and direct observation. With a prominent presence of cooperatives, the municipality has its main economic and social base related to family farming. Rural credit for family farming plays a decisive role in stimulating production, generating jobs and income, including and promoting sustainable development. With the increase of cooperative participation, it is possible to better understand the importance of credit, the qualification of public policies and the importance of cooperative actions.

Objetivo: evidenciar as populações-chave ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana abordadas em estudos científicos de enfermagem. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bibliotecas National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde; nas bases de dados Embase, Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Web of Science e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde. Resultados: identificados 1.059 artigos, dos quais 18 foram incluídos. Os achados foram agrupados conforme as dimensões da vulnerabilidade (individual, social e programática). Conclusão: o papel da enfermagem diante das dimensões individuais, sociais e programáticas da vulnerabilidade, foi importante para identificar as especificidades dessas populações e para a compreensão dos aspectos que tornam estes indivíduos vulnerabilizados ao HIV/aids. Verifica-se a intervenção direta da enfermagem por meio de ações de promoção e prevenção de modo a contribuir para as boas práticas de cuidado.