42 results on '"Vestimentifera"'
Search Results
2. Annelids and Mollusks from Chemosynthetic Environments of the Pacific Ocean
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McCowin, Marina Frances
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Biological oceanography ,Bathymodiolus ,chemosymbiotic ,Lamellibrachia ,Thermiphione ,Vestimentifera - Abstract
This dissertation utilized molecular methods to reveal new species of annelids and mollusks from chemosynthetic environments in the Pacific Ocean and examined their biogeography and evolutionary history. Sanger sequencing revealed three new species of Bathymodiolus mussels that are partially restricted by depth at seeps along the Costa Rica Margin, and confirmed the presence of B. thermophilus at a seep with molecular data for the first time. New species of the iphionid Thermiphione and vestimentiferan tube worm Lamellibrachia are also described using a combination of Sanger-sequenced molecular data and morphological data. The close relationship of the new Lamellibrachia species with relatives across the Panama Isthmus suggests a vicariant event post-radiation of Lamellibrachia into the Atlantic. Sanger-sequencing also revealed two putative new species of the vestimentiferan tube worm Alaysia. High-throughput sequencing and mitochondrial genome skimming provided the data necessary to place these new species, as well as the vestimentiferan genera Alaysia and Arcovestia into the phylogeny of Vestimentifera for the first time. Additional sequencing of whole mitochondrial genomes in this group provided the data necessary to generate the most complete mitogenomic phylogeny of Vestimentifera to date. The resulting topology suggests the most recent common ancestor of Vestimentifera was a vent-inhabitant of the Pacific Ocean.
- Published
- 2022
3. Geochemistry drives the allometric growth of the hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila (Annelida: Siboglinidae).
- Author
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Rimskaya-Korsakova, Nadezhda, Fontaneto, Diego, Galkin, Sergey, Malakhov, Vladimir, and Martínez, Alejandro
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HYDROTHERMAL vents , *ANNELIDA , *GEOCHEMISTRY , *CARBON dioxide , *SULFIDES , *SUBMARINE volcanoes - Abstract
The tubeworm Riftia pachyptila is a key primarily producer in hydrothermal vent communities due to the symbiosis with sulphur-oxidizing bacteria, which provide nourishment to the worm from sulphides, oxygen and carbon dioxide. These substances diffuse from the vent water into the bloodstream of the worm through their tentacular crowns, and then to the bacteria, hosted in a specialized organ of the worm, called a trophosome. The uptake rates of these substances depend on the surface/volume relationship of the tentacles. We here describe two morphotypes, 'fat' and 'slim', respectively, from the basalt sulphide-rich vents at 9 °N and 21 °N at the East Pacific Rise, and the highly sedimented, sulphide-poor vents at 27 °N in the Guaymas Basin. The 'fat' morphotype has a thicker body and tube, longer trunk and smaller tentacular crowns, whereas the 'slim' morphotype has shorter trunk, thinner body and tube, and presents longer tentacular crowns and has a higher number of tentacular lamellae. Given the dependence on sulphides for the growth of R. pachyptila , as well as high genetic connectivity of the worm's populations along the studied localities, we suggest that such morphological differences are adaptive and selected to keep the sulphide uptake near to the optimum values for the symbionts. 'Fat' and 'slim' morphotypes are also found in the vestimentiferan Ridgeia piscesae in similar sulphide-rich and poor environments in the northern Pacific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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4. Postembryonic Development of the Hydrothermal Vestimentiferan Oasisia alvinae Jones, 1985 (Annelida, Siboglinidae).
- Author
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Gantsevich, M. M., Karaseva, N. P., Rimskaya-Korsakova, N. N., and Malakhov, V. V.
- Abstract
Allometric growth in post-embryonic development was studied in the hydrothermal vestimentiferan Oasisia alvinae Jones, 1985. In the process of growth, the length of the trunk region increases relative to the total body length from 51 to 83.4%, whereas the relative sizes of the obturacular region, vestimental region, and the opisthosoma decrease. This is connected with a strong development of the trophosome and gonads in the trunk region. It is suggested that the predominant growth of the trunk region during ontogeny is a common pattern for all vestimentiferans. We discuss the differences in body proportions of vestimentiferans that live in hydrothermal vents and vestimentiferans of cold hydrocarbon seeps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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5. Genetics and Evolution of Deep-Sea Chemosynthetic Bacteria and Their Invertebrate Hosts
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Vrijenhoek, Robert C. and Kiel, Steffen, editor
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- 2010
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6. Updated phylogeny of Vestimentifera (Siboglinidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) based on mitochondrial genomes, with a new species.
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McCowin, Marina F., Collins, Patrick C., and Rouse, Greg W.
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MITOCHONDRIA , *PHYLOGENY , *ANNELIDA , *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA , *SPECIES , *POLYCHAETA , *GENOMES , *MOLECULAR phylogeny - Abstract
[Display omitted] • Siboglinid tubeworms are found at chemosynthetic environments worldwide. • The Vestimentifera clade is well known within Siboglinidae for their reliance on bacterial symbionts. • This study provides new complete mitochondrial genomes for ten Vestimentifera. • This study provides phylogenetic analyses combining fifteen mitochondrial genes and nuclear 18S rRNA. • A new species of Alaysia is described from the Manus Basin. Siboglinid tubeworms are found at chemosynthetic environments worldwide and the Vestimentifera clade is particularly well known for their reliance on chemoautotrophic bacterial symbionts for nutrition. The mitochondrial genomes have been published for nine vestimentiferan species to date. This study provides new complete mitochondrial genomes for ten further Vestimentifera, including the first mitochondrial genomes sequenced for Alaysia spiralis , Arcovestia ivanovi , Lamellibrachia barhami , Lamellibrachia columna , Lamellibrachia donwalshi , and unnamed species of Alaysia and Oasisia. Phylogenetic analyses combining fifteen mitochondrial genes and the nuclear 18S rRNA gene recovered Lamellibrachia as sister to the remaining Vestimentifera and Riftia pachyptila as separate from the other vent-endemic taxa. Implications and auxiliary analyses regarding differing phylogenetic tree topologies, substitution saturation, ancestral state reconstruction, and divergence estimates are also discussed. Additionally, a new species of Alaysia is described from the Manus Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Molecular phylogeny of siboglinid annelids (a.k.a. pogonophorans): a review
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Halanych, Kenneth M., Martens, K., editor, Bartolomaeus, T., editor, and Purschke, G., editor
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- 2005
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8. Pogonophora (Annelida): form and function
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Southward, Eve C., Schulze, Anja, Gardiner, Stephen L., Martens, K., editor, Bartolomaeus, T., editor, and Purschke, G., editor
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- 2005
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9. Dispersal at hydrothermal vents: a summary of recent progress
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Tyler, Paul A., Young, Craig M., Martens, K., editor, Jones, M. B., editor, Ingólfsson, A., editor, Ólafsson, E., editor, Helgason, G. V., editor, Gunnarsson, K., editor, and Svavarsson, J., editor
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- 2003
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10. Siboglinid evolution shaped by habitat preference and sulfide tolerance
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Schulze, Anja, Halanych, Kenneth M., Dumont, H. J., editor, Sigvaldadóttir, Elín, editor, Mackie, Andrew S. Y., editor, Helgason, Guðmundur V., editor, Reish, Donald J., editor, Svavarsson, Jörundur, editor, Steingrímsson, Sigmar A., editor, and Guðmundsson, Guðmundur, editor
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- 2003
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11. Obturacula of Vestimentifera (Annelida, Siboglinidae) Are Homological to the Dorsal Lips of the Polychaete of the Family Sabellidae.
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Karaseva, N. P., Rimskaya-Korsakova, N. N., Gantsevich, M. M., and Malakhov, V. V.
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We have conducted comparative analysis of the structure of the dorsal lips of the polychaete Eudistylia polymorpha from the family Sabellidae and the obturacula of Oasisia alvinae (Vestimentifera). It has been concluded that the obturacula of Vestimentifera are homologs of the dorsal lips of Polychaete from the family Sabellidae. It has been suggested that the head lobe of siboglinids of the subfamily Frenulata is homologous to the fused obturacula of Vestimentifera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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12. Taxonomy, geographical and bathymetric distribution of vestimentiferan tubeworms (Annelida, Siboglinidae).
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Malakhov, V., Karaseva, N., Rimskaya-Korsakova, N., and Galkin, S.
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TUBE worms , *POGONOPHORA , *ZOOGEOGRAPHY , *TOPOGRAPHIC maps , *TAXONOMY , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
A review of the taxonomy and distribution of vestimentiferan tubeworms has been performed. The subfamily Vestimentifera comprises three infrafamilies: Lamellibrachiinae, Escarpiinae, and Tevniinae. The complete descriptions and illustrations of 19 vestimentiferan species known to date are given. Comparative tables of the morphological characteristics of all vestimentiferan genera have been compiled. Lamellibrachiinae appear to be the most eurybathic group, representatives of which inhabit depths of 82-3200 m. Most representatives of Tevniinae reside deeper than 1500 m (except A. spiralis, which can be found at a depth of 750 m). Tevniinae live exclusively on the rocky substrate of hydrothermal vents. Lamellibrachiinae and Escarpiinae inhabit both soft and rocky substrates of cold seeps and the periphery of hydrothermal vents. Tevniinae occur only in the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific Ocean. Escarpiinae are found in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Lamellibrachiinae is the most widespread group that inhabits the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, including the Mediterranean Sea. The hypothesis on the Pacific origin on vestimentiferan tubeworms has been discussed. The eurybathic Lamellibrachiinae and Escarpiinae penetrated into the Atlantic Ocean through shallow-water basins of the Tethys Ocean and channels in the place of Mesoamerica, while the deep-sea Tevniinae were not able to do that. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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13. A new record of Lamellibrachia columna (Siboglinidae, Annelida) from cold seeps off New Zealand, and an assessment of its presence in the western Pacific Ocean
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McCowin, Marina F., Rowden, Ashley A., and Rouse, Greg W.
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- 2019
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14. Progress and perspectives in the discovery of polychaete worms (Annelida) of the world
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Pamungkas, Joko, Glasby, Christopher J., Read, Geoffrey B., Wilson, Simon P., and Costello, Mark J.
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- 2019
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15. In memoriam Dr Jacob van der Land (1935-2011), late marine biologist at the Leiden Museum (1964-2000).
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van Bruggen, A. C. and Hoeksema, B. W.
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MARINE biologists ,OBITUARIES - Abstract
Dr Jacob van der Land (1935-2011), curator of Vermes and chief marine biologist (1964-2000) in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden (initially Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, now part of Naturalis Biodiversity Center) acted as leader of several major marine expeditions in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and in Indonesia. He was also involved in the national and international organisation of marine research. In the museum he made a name as a helminthologist (working and publishing on Protista, Platyhelminthes, Priapulida, Annelida, Vestimentifera, and Tardigrada) and computer pioneer. One of his other major achievements was organizing the move of the museum from the old building in the centre of Leiden to the newly erected complex on the edge of the city. This concise obituary features a list of Van der Land's publications after 2000, which were not included in an earlier description of his life (Van Bruggen, 2001), as well as lists of new taxa described by Van der Land and of eponyms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
16. The morphology and anatomy of the vestimentiferan worm Oasisia alvinae Jones, 1985 (Annelida: Siboglinidae). III. Coelomic cavity, trophosome and blood, excretory and reproductive systems.
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Karaseva, N., Malakhov, V., and Galkin, S.
- Abstract
This study deals with the organization of the coelom in the all the parts of the body of the vestimentiferan Oasisia alvinae. The localization of the dissepiment between the vestimental and trunk regions in males and females differs. The histological structure and anatomy of the trophosome and the vascular, excretory, and reproductive systems is described. Three cell types are distinguishable in each trophosome lobe. Up to four bacteriocytes could be found in a row from the central blood vessel to the surface of the organ. The main blood vessels in almost all parts of the body have a well-developed muscle sheath and an endothelium that is expressed in varying degrees. In the trunk region, an intravasal body, which is represented by two modifications, is observed in the dorsal blood vessel. The excretory tree is located under the brain. The reproductive system is symmetrical in males and dissymmetrical in females. The gonoducts of females are extensive; in males, they are short and open in the front part of the reproductive coelom. The genital coeloms of both sexes perform the functions of gamete production and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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17. Simultaneous 16S and 18S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on LR White sections demonstrated in Vestimentifera (Siboglinidae) tubeworms
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Schimak, Mario P., Toenshoff, Elena R., and Bright, Monika
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POGONOPHORA , *SIBOGLINIDAE , *TUBE worms , *RIBOSOMAL RNA , *FLUORESCENCE , *MORPHOLOGY , *INVERTEBRATES - Abstract
Abstract: Traditional morphological identification of invertebrate marine species is limited in early life history stages for many taxa. In this study, we demonstrate, by example of Vestimentiferan tubeworms (Siboglinidae, Polychaeta), that the simultaneous fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of both eukaryotic host and bacterial symbiont cells is possible on a single semi-thin (1μm) section. This allows the identification of host specimens to species level as well as offering visualization of bacteria distributed within the host tissue. Previously published 18S rRNA host-specific oligonucleotide probes for Riftia pachyptila, Tevnia jerichonana and a newly designed Oasisia alvinae probe, as well as a 16S rRNA probe targeting symbionts found in all host species, were applied. A number of standard fixation and hybridization parameters were tested and optimized for the best possible signal intensity and cellular resolution. Ethanol conserved samples embedded in LR White low viscosity resin yielded the best results with regard to both signal intensity and resolution. We show that extended storage times of specimens does not affect the quality of signals attained by FISH and use our protocol to identify morphologically unidentifiable tubeworm individuals from a small data set, conforming to previous findings in succession studies of the Siboglinidae family. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2012
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18. The morphology and anatomy of the vestimentiferan worm Oasisia alvinae Jones, 1985 (Annelida: Siboglinidae). II. Integument, nervous system and musculature.
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Karaseva, N., Malakhov, V., and Galkin, S.
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The histological structure of the epidermis, nervous system, and musculature of the vestimentiferan worm Oasisia alvinae is examined. The differentiation of the integument of different regions of the body and the histological structure of the pyriform glands and papillae with cuticular plaques are described. All the main elements of the nervous system lie in the thickness of the epidermis. The brain structure is examined and an attempt is made to homologize parts of the vestimentiferan brain with the polychaete brain. Part of the vestimentiferan brain above the intrabrain channel corresponds to the supraesophageal ganglion of polychaetes, while part of the vestimentiferan brain under the channel corresponds to the subesophageal ganglion. Two commissures are located in the brain region that corresponds to the supraesophageal ganglion. These commissures could be related to the ventral and dorsal roots of the circumesophageal connectives of sedentary polychaetes. Bundles of fiber occur, which presumably correspond to the circumesophageal connectives and the transverse commissure inside the subesophageal ganglion. The musculature differentiation in the trunk region is a characteristic feature of O. alvinae, i.e., feather-like muscles that occur only in the anterior part of the trunk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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19. First record of a Vestimentifera (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae) from chemosynthetic habitats in the western Mediterranean Sea—Biogeographical implications and future exploration
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Hilário, A., Comas, M.C., Azevedo, L., Pinheiro, L., Ivanov, M.K., and Cunha, M.R.
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POGONOPHORA , *POLYCHAETA , *SIBOGLINIDAE , *MARINE habitats , *BIOGEOGRAPHY , *CYTOCHROMES , *BIOTIC communities - Abstract
Abstract: A new population of vestimentiferan tubeworms was discovered during a recent expedition to a mud volcano field in the Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean Sea. Morphological data and mitochondrial cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences show that the Alboran tubeworm is essentially identical to Lamellibrachia sp. found in the eastern Mediterranean. This is the first record of a vestimentiferan species in the western basin of the Mediterranean, an area with direct connection to the Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar and therefore of great importance to the study of distributional patterns and evolution of Mediterranean species. We examine the current hypotheses on the biogeographic distribution of vestimentiferan species in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea and conclude that independently of when Lamellibrachia colonized the Mediterranean, neither the present hydrological settings of both Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, nor vestimentiferans reproductive biology are impeditive to the presence of the Mediterranean species of Lamellibrachia in the NE Atlantic. The West African and Lusitanian margins are the most likely places to find living populations of this species in the NE Atlantic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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20. Record of Lamellibrachia sp. (Annelida: Siboglinidae: Vestimentifera) from a deep shipwreck in the western Mediterranean Sea (Italy).
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Gambi, Maria Cristina, Schulze, Anja, and Amato, Ezio
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ANNELIDA , *SHIPWRECKS , *OILSEEDS , *DNA analysis , *WORKING class , *ENCHYTRAEIDAE - Abstract
The siboglinid tubeworm, Lamellibrachia sp. (Annelida: Vestimentifera) has recently been described and reported from various sites in the eastern basin and in a single site in the western basin of the Mediterranean Sea. Here we report a further record of Lamellibrachia sp. in the western Mediterranean, where these giant worms were sampled—by the grabbers of a working class ROV—from the shipwreck of the liner 'Catania', sunk in 1917 at 490 m depth off the coast of Cetraro (Calabria, southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Twenty-seven entire tubes were collected ranging from 23 to 60 cm in length and from 0.6 to 13 mm in diameter. Clear annulations were present near the tube openings. Only two of the tubes contained specimens of Lamellibrachia, both lacking most of the posterior portion (including the opisthosoma); the obturaculum was 13 mm long in both specimens; three sheath lamellae and eight branchial lamellae occurred in one specimen, and six and 14 in the other. DNA analysis through COI sequencing suggests a close similarity with specimens collected in the eastern Mediterranean (GenBank EU046616) and belonging to a new species recently described. It needs still to be clarified which type of energy source the obligate symbiotic bacteria of these worms may use for nutrition, since no sulphur emissions can be documented on and around the shipwreck. The 'Catania' contained some wooden structures and was transporting cotton balls and oil seeds, so the symbiotic bacteria may rely on degradation of these materials. This record stresses the importance of shipwreck as a possible stepping stone habitat for the large scale dispersion of Vestimentifera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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21. Epizooic metazoan meiobenthos associated with tubeworm and mussel aggregations from cold seeps of the northern Gulf of Mexico
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Bright, M., Plum, C., Riavitz, L.A., Nikolov, N., Martinez Arbizu, P., Cordes, E.E., and Gollner, S.
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MEIOFAUNA , *COPEPODA , *NEMATODES , *POGONOPHORA , *BENTHOS , *SEEPAGE , *HYDROCARBONS , *HYDROTHERMAL vents - Abstract
Abstract: The abundance and higher taxonomic composition of epizooic metazoan meiobenthic communities associated with mussel and tubeworm aggregations of hydrocarbon seeps at Green Canyon, Atwater Valley, and Alaminos Canyon in depths between 1400 and 2800m were studied and compared to the infaunal community of non-seep sediments nearby. Epizooic meiofaunal abundances of associated meiobenthos living in tubeworm bushes and mussel beds at seeps were extremely low (usually <100ind. 10cm−2), similar to epizooic meiofauna at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, and the communities were composed primarily of nematodes, copepods, ostracods, and halacarids. In contrast, epizooic meiobenthic abundance is lower than previous studies have reported for infauna from seep sediments. Interestingly, non-seep sediments contained higher abundances and higher taxonomic diversity than epizooic seep communities, although in situ primary production is restricted to seeps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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22. Influence of foundation species, depth, and location on diversity and community composition at Gulf of Mexico lower-slope cold seeps
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Cordes, Erik E., Becker, Erin L., Hourdez, Stephane, and Fisher, Charles R.
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SEEPAGE , *BIODIVERSITY , *DEEP-sea ecology , *BIOTIC communities , *BIOGEOGRAPHY , *POGONOPHORA , *MUSSELS - Abstract
Abstract: Efforts to understand and preserve the seep communities of the deep Gulf of Mexico (GOM) begin with a comprehensive survey of the biodiversity of these communities. Previous studies have provided a conceptual model of the physiology, population, and community ecology of upper continental slope seeps. However, seeps at water depths below 1000m in the Gulf of Mexico remain relatively unknown. In this study, data from 47 samples of tubeworm- and mussel-associated communities at depths of 1005–2750m are examined. Other than tubeworms and mussels, 66 taxa of macro- and megafauna were collected, 43 of which appear to be restricted to water depths of over 1000m, and 39 that have not been reported previously from the Gulf of Mexico. Diversity in mussel beds was highest at mid-slope depths, but tubeworm-associated communities did not show clear bathymetric trends in diversity. Diversity was higher in tubeworm aggregations at the alpha level (per sample), but higher in mussel beds at the beta level (species turnover among collections). Although both community types were often numerically dominated by the endemic shrimp Alvinocaris muricola, broad differences in the communities hosted by tubeworm aggregations and mussel beds were apparent. The most important factors explaining community similarity within community type were the depth, relative abundance of different mussel species in a bed, and the average size of tubeworms in an aggregation. The high proportion of deep-seep species that were found for the first time in the Gulf of Mexico emphasizes the importance of conservation efforts for these patchy communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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23. Dynamics of cell proliferation and apoptosis reflect different life strategies in hydrothermal vent and cold seep vestimentiferan tubeworms.
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Pflugfelder, Bettina, Cary, S., and Bright, Monika
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CELL proliferation , *CELL division , *CELL cycle , *APOPTOSIS , *CELL death , *HOMEOSTASIS , *HABITATS , *SYMBIOSIS - Abstract
Deep-sea vestimentiferan tubeworms, which live in symbiosis with bacteria, exhibit different life strategies according to their habitat. At unstable and relatively short-lived hydrothermal vents, they grow extremely fast, whereas their close relatives at stable and long-persisting cold seeps grow slowly and live up to 300 years. Growth and age differences are thought to occur because of ecological and physiological adaptations. However, the underlying mechanisms of cell proliferation and death, which are closely linked to homeostasis, growth, and longevity, are unknown. Here, we show by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural cell cycle analyses that cell proliferation activities of the two species studied are higher than in any other characterized invertebrate, being only comparable with tumor and wound-healing processes. The slow growth in Lamellibrachia luymesi from cold seeps results from balanced activities of proliferation and apoptosis in the epidermis. In contrast, Riftia pachyptila from hydrothermal vents grows fast because apoptosis is down-regulated in this tissue. The symbiont-housing organ, the trophosome, exhibits a complex cell cycle and terminal differentiation pattern in both species, and growth is regulated by proliferation. These mechanisms have similarities to the up- and down-regulation of proliferation or apoptosis in various types of tumor, although they occur in healthy animals in this study, thus providing significant insights into the underlying mechanisms of growth and longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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24. Progress in systematics: from Siboglinidae to Pogonophora and Vestimentifera and back to Siboglinidae
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Pleijel, Fredrik, Dahlgren, Thomas G., and Rouse, Greg W.
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ANIMAL classification , *SIBOGLINIDAE , *POGONOPHORA , *SPECIES diversity , *POLYCHAETA , *MOLECULAR evolution , *EMBRYOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: We review the taxonomic history of pogonophores (frenulates and vestimentiferans), from the species in first described 1914 to the recently described bone-eating worm Osedax. Previous systematists have referred both groups to the rank of phylum, and the animals have been treated as deuterostomes with a dorsal nerve cord. Further knowledge on their embryology, the discovery of the previously overlooked posterior, segmented part provided with chaetae, and access to molecular data, have completely changed earlier views on their affinities. They are now referred to as a single family of polychaete annelids, Siboglinidae. To cite this article: F. Pleijel et al., C. R. Biologies 332 (2009). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
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25. A new method to determine the reproductive condition in female tubeworms tested in Seepiophila jonesi (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae: Vestimentifera).
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Hilário, Ana, Tyler, Paul A., and Pond, David W.
- Abstract
Vestimentiferan tubeworms are significant members of deep-sea chemosynthetically-driven communities, including hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The reproductive condition in this taxon is rarely studied because of sampling constraints inherent to these environments, and the lack of a simple methodology to quantify gonad development in vestimentiferans.We demonstrate that the amount of gonad found in the first 10 mm of trunk can be used as representative of the reproductive condition of the individual, and we establish a linear relationship between the amount of gonad and the proportion of wax ester in the trunk of female vestimentiferans. This relationship represents a new method for the determination of the reproductive condition in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2008
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26. Bacterial Endosymbioses of Gutless Tube-Dwelling Worms in Nonhydrothermal Vent Habitats.
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Naganuma, Takeshi, Elsaied, Hosam E., Hoshii, Daiki, and Kimura, Hiroyuki
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WORMS ,ENDOSYMBIOSIS ,HABITATS ,POGONOPHORA - Abstract
Gutless tube-dwelling worms of pogonophorans (also known as frenulates) and vestimentiferans depend on primary production of endosymbiotic bacteria. The endosymbionts include thiotrophs that oxidize sulfur for autotrophic production and methanotrophs that oxidize and assimilate methane. Although most of the pogonophoran and vestimentiferan tube worms possess single thiotrophic 16S rRNA genes (16S rDNA) related to γ-proteobacteria, some pogonohorans are known to bear single methanotroph species or even dual symbionts of thiotrophs and methanotrophs. The vestimentiferan Lamellibrachia sp. L1 shows symbiotic 16S rDNA sequences of α-, β-, γ-, and ε-proteobacteria, varying among specimens, with RuBisCO form II gene ( cbbM) sequences related to β-proteobacteria. An unidentified pogonophoran from the world’s deepest cold seep, 7326-m deep in the Japan Trench, hosts a symbiotic thiotroph based on 16S rDNA with the RuBisCO form I gene ( cbbL). In contrast, a shallow-water pogonophoran ( Oligobrachia mashikoi) in coastal Japan Sea has a methanotrophic 16S rDNA and thiotrophic cbbL, which may suggest the feature of type X methanotrophs. These observations demonstrate that pogonophoran and vestimentiferan worms have higher plasticity in bacterial symbioses than previously suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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27. Epidermal ultrastructure and implications for sulfide tolerance in six species of deep-sea polychaetes.
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Menon, Jaishri, Willsie, Julia K., Tauscher, Andrew, and Arp, Alissa J.
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POLYCHAETA , *TUBE worms , *EPIDERMIS , *ANIMAL morphology , *MORPHOGENESIS , *MITOCHONDRIA - Abstract
Ultrastructural characteristics of the epidermis of 5 deep-sea vestimentiferan tube worms and an orbiniid worm were similar to those described from other organisms inhabiting sulfidic environments. The integument was composed of a simple or pseudostratified layer of columnar or cuboidal cells, covered by a cuticle of varying thickness, and rested on an extra-cellular matrix. Unusual mitochondrial morphology was observed in the peripheral region of the epidermis, characterized by an electron-dense matrix and granules. The abnormal size, shape, and reduced array of cristae in these mitochondria may have resulted from environmental stress. Mitochondria in the inner epidermal layers, where they are more protected from sulfide exposure, displayed normal morphology. The seep vestimentiferans (Seepiophila jonesi and Lamellibrachia cf. luymesi) exhibited numerous electron-dense organelles, similar in morphology to cytolysosomes and previously described as sulfide oxidizing bodies, while in the 3 vent vestimentiferans (Riftia pachyptila, Tevnia jerichonana, and Oasisia alvinae) and the seep or- biniid Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata, fewer of these organelles were observed. Energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis of these electron-dense organelles indicated the presence of sulfur, iron, zinc, and copper, as well as lesser amounts of other elements. We propose that these epidermal cytolysosomes are morphologically similar to previously described sulfide oxidizing bodies that have been hypothesized to play a role in maintaining aerobically poised animal metabolism in sulfide-enriched habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Habitat, growth and physiological ecology of a basaltic community of Ridgeia piscesae from the Juan de Fuca Ridge
- Author
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Urcuyo, Istvan A., Massoth, Gary J., Julian, David, and Fisher, Charles R.
- Subjects
- *
HYDROTHERMAL vents , *MARINE organisms - Abstract
The vestimentiferan tubeworm Ridgeia piscesae is an ecosystem-structuring organism in the hydrothermal vent environments of the Northeast Pacific. During this study, a single representative aggregation of the long-skinny morphotype of R. piscesae from the main endeavor segment was monitored for 3 yr before being collected in its entirety with a hydraulically actuated collection device manipulated in situ by a research vehicle. Vestimentiferan growth rates in this aggregation were determined by staining the exterior of the tubes and measuring newly deposited tube sections. The average growth rate of R. piscesae in this aggregation was very low in both years of the growth study (3.2 mm yr−1). Although the incidence of plume damage from partial predation was very high (>95%), mortality was very low (<4% yr−1). The distribution and the very tight clustering of recently recruited individuals indicated gregarious settlement behavior that is hypothesized to be partly due to biotic cues from settled larvae. Coupled measurements of vent fluid sulfide concentration and temperature were used to calculate the exposure of the vestimentiferans to sulfide from short- and long-term temperature monitoring. Plume-level temperature records indicate that most of the time individuals in this aggregation were exposed to extremely low levels of vent fluid, and therefore sulfide (<0.1 μM), while their posterior sections were consistently exposed to sulfide concentrations in the 100 μM range. A rootball-like structure formed the common base of the aggregation. In contrast to the anterior sections of the tubeworm tubes, the portions of the tubes within the “rootball” were freely permeable to sulfide. The results of this study show that R. piscesae, unlike vestimentiferans from the East Pacific Rise, can survive and grow in areas of low diffuse vent flow with very low plume-level exposure to sulfide. We propose that this morphotype of R. piscesae has the ability to acquire sulfide from sources near their posterior ends, similar to some species of cold seep vestimentiferans from the Gulf of Mexico. The ability of this single species of vestimentiferan to survive low exposure to vent flow with low mortality coupled with sulfide uptake across posterior tube sections may help explain the occurrence of a single vent vestimentiferan species in a wide variety of habitat conditions at hydrothermal vent sites in the Northeast Pacific. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Vestimentiferans (Pogonophora) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans: a new genus from Lihir Island (Papua New Guinea) and the Java Trench, with the first report of Arcovestia ivanovi from the North Fiji Basin.
- Author
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Southward, Eve C., Schulze, Anja, and Tunnicliffe, Verena
- Subjects
- *
POGONOPHORA , *TUBE worms - Abstract
Explorations by the German Research Vessel Sonne in the fore-arc and back-arc basins of the western Pacific Ocean have collected vestimentiferan tube worms from both warm vent and cold seep sites. Edison Seamount is a small volcanic cone on the southern flank of Lihir Island, in the Tabar-Feni island chain. Beds of vesicomyid clams on the summit (1450 m depth) are associated with hydrothermal effluent, whereas an uplifted scarp (1600 m depth) nearby is covered by low temperature gas-rich sediments. A methane anomaly has been detected in the water column above the scarp. The benthic fauna includes vestimentiferan tubeworms and bathymodiolid mussels. Bottom photographs show that the vestimentiferans occur singly or in small groups. Four specimens were collected by TV-guided grab. They are described as a new species of a new genus, related to the cold-seep genus Escarpia, of the family Escarpiidae. A single specimen obtained from the landward slope of the Java Trench (1500m) is identified as the same species, extending its area of distribution by some 6000 km westward. Arcovestia ivanovi, already known from hydrothermal vents in the Manus Basin, has now been obtained from a hydrothermal site in the North Fiji Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Ultrastructure of opisthosomal chaetae in Vestimentifera (Pogonophora, Obturata) and implications for phylogeny.
- Author
-
Schulze, Anja
- Subjects
- *
POGONOPHORA , *PHYLOGENY , *ZOOLOGY - Abstract
AbstractSchulze, A. 2000. Ultrastructure of opisthosomal chaetae in Vestimentifera (Pogonophora, Obturata) and implications for phylogeny. — Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 82: 127–135 The posterior segmented body region of Vestimentifera bears rows of uncini that function to anchor the animal within its tube. SEM studies of five vestimentiferan species reveal intraspecific and interspecific variation in the number of chaetigerous segments and the arrangement of uncini within a given segment. The portion of an uncinus that extends beyond the epidermis comprises two opposing groups of teeth that probably correspond to the capitium and subrostral process of polychaete uncini, and a distinct protuberance between them, interpreted as a rostrum. In Ridgeia piscesae, the uncini are formed by chaetal follicles, consisting of a chaetoblast, a follicle cell and an epidermis cell. The chaetal shaft is elongate and composed of up to 40 hollow cylinders that are invaded at their base by microvilli from the apical part of the chaetoblast. Opisthosomal chaetae in perviate Pogonophora are usually restricted to four per segment and are of a rod-shaped type. It is hypothesized that the rod-shaped chaetae represent reduced hooked chaetae probably derived from a condition such as found in Monilifera. Uncini of Pogonophora, Sabellida, Terebellida and Oweniida are considered homologous but details of chaetal design may be due to functional adaptations and thus do not represent reliable characters for phylogenetic studies on higher taxonomic levels than genera or potentially families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Close phylogenetic relationship between vestimentifera (tube worms) and annelida revealed by the amino acid sequence of elongation factor-lα.
- Author
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Kojima, Shigeaki, Hashimoto, Tetsuo, Hasegawa, Masami, Murata, Shigenori, Ohta, Suguru, Seki, Humitake, and Okada, Norihiro
- Abstract
To clarify the phylogenetic position of Vestimentifera (tube worms), 346-bp fragments of the elongation factor-lα (EF-lα) gene (939-1286 according to the numbering of the human gene) of a vestimentiferan, Lamellibrachia sp., a sternaspid polychaete, Sternaspis scutata, an earthworm, Pheretima sp., and a gastropod, Alviniconcha hessleri, were sequenced. From the amino acid sequences of these EF-lα, and those of two other vertebrates and two arthropods, phylogenetic relationships were deduced by the maximum likelihood (ML) method, by which the phylogenetic tree can be inferred without assuming constancy of the molecular evolutionary rate. For the ML tree and all of seven alternative trees, whose log-likelihoods could not be discriminated from that of the ML tree by the criterion of the standard error, the vestimentiferan, the polychaete, and the oligochaete formed a clade, excluding the arthropods and the gastropod as outgroups. This result is convincing evidence that Vestimentifera are protostomes that are closely related to Annelida. The ML tree suggests that Vestimentifera are more closely related to Polychaeta than to Oligochaeta, though the data were not sufficient to discriminate these three groups at a significant level. From recent evidence such as morphological characteristics and molecular information, it may safely be said that vestimentiferans should be included in the Annelida provided this phylum contains polychaetes and oligochaetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Characterization of 9 polymorphic microsatellite loci in Lamellibrachia sp. 2, a tubeworm found at deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps.
- Author
-
Jacobson, Alixandra, Plouviez, Sophie, Thaler, Andrew, and Dover, Cindy
- Abstract
Lamellibrachia sp. 2 is a deep-sea vestimentiferan tubeworm found at hydrothermal vents on the Mid-Cayman Spreading Center and at hydrocarbon seeps in the Gulf of Mexico and off the coast of Barbados. Nine selectively neutral and unlinked polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for this species. Eight of these loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Average observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.14 to 0.92. Microsatellites developed for Lamellibrachia sp. 2 are being deployed to study connectivity and gene flow among populations of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Isolated bacteriocyte cell suspensions from the hydrothermal-vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila, a potent tool for cellular physiology in a chemoautotrophic symbiosis
- Author
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Isabelle C. Biegala, M.-C. de Cian, Jean-Claude Caprais, Ann C. Andersen, François H. Lallier, J.-Y. Toullec, Bruce Shillito, Centre d'études d'océanographie et de biologie marine (CEOBM), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protéines: Biochimie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Equipe Biogenèse des Peptides Isomères, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (LBD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M)
- Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,030310 physiology ,ATPase ,Trophosome ,JONES ,PROTEIN ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,SULFIDE-BINDING ,Carbonic anhydrase ,Extracellular ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,[INFO.INFO-BT]Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,INORGANIC CARBON ,0303 health sciences ,Ecology ,[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering ,[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology ,Bacteriocyte ,WORM ,[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology ,Metabolism ,VESTIMENTIFERA ,ANHYDRASE ,TRANSPORT ,Cytosol ,AUTOTROPHIC CARBON FIXATION ,Biochemistry ,biology.protein ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,DIOXIDE ,Intracellular ,[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis - Abstract
The hydrothermal-vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila relies entirely on its intracellular chemoauto- trophic symbionts to sustain its metabolism. The host must therefore provide them with inorganic metabolites, including carbon. This study describes a tool for studying cell processes occurring in a bacteria-contain- ing cell by the dissociation of trophosome cell types. The physiological assays performed on cell preparations fo- cused on carbon dioxide conversion and transport pro- cesses. Trophosome tissue was mechanically dissociated, resulting in cell suspensions enriched in small (7-20 lm) bacteriocytes, which were viable for several hours. In addition, medium-term cell cultures were also attempted. As a start to the understanding of the CO2 metabo- lism of these cells, we were interested in evidence of carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms, ATPases and chlo- ride exchangers. Variations in intracellular and extra- cellular pH, and in intracellular concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride, were followed after addition of selective inhibitors. The data presented here suggest the occurrence of potential cytosolic and mem- brane-associated carbonic anhydrase isoforms in the bacteriocytes, proton-driven sodium-ATPases and a well represented anion transporter exchanging intracellular chloride against extracellular anions.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Community study of tubeworm-associated epizooic meiobenthos from deep-sea cold seeps and hot vents
- Author
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Monika Bright, Sabine Gollner, Ann Vanreusel, Christoph Plum, Renate Degen, and Laura Riavitz
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Meiofauna ,Meiobenthos ,GULF-OF-MEXICO ,COPEPODA ,HARPACTICOIDA ,Aquatic Science ,ECOLOGY ,Cold seep ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Deep sea ,Vestimentifera ,Community study ,14. Life underwater ,Harpacticoida ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Vestimentiferans ,Gulf of Mexico ,Ecology ,biology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,SPECIES-DIVERSITY ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Hydrothermal vent ,Biodiversity ,biology.organism_classification ,EAST PACIFIC RISE ,NORTH-ATLANTIC ,VESTIMENTIFERAN AGGREGATIONS ,Oceanography ,CONTINENTAL MARGINS - Abstract
The permanent metazoan meiofauna associated with vestimentiferan tubeworm aggregations from hydrocarbon seeps of the upper Louisiana slope in the Green Canyon (similar to 550 m) and the lower slope in Atwater Valley (similar to 2200 m) of the Gulf of Mexico was characterized. Meiofauna abundance, diversity, and community composition at genus level were compared between these seep sites, and with those of tubeworms from hydrothermal vents of the East Pacific Rise (Gollner et al. 2007; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 337: 39-49). The abundance was not significantly different between the 2 seep sites, and was also similar to those found at vents. A total of 150 meiobenthic genera were identified from the cold seep sites. While no significant difference in univariate measurements of diversity was detected, a shift in community composition between the shallow and the deep seep site was found. The hot vent communities included a total of only 17 genera and the diversity measurements were significantly lower at vents than at seeps. Also, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity was 97% between the meiobenthic communities from seeps and vents. The genera richness was negatively correlated with maximum temperature and maximum sulfide concentration, and positively correlated with minimum pH value. We conclude that the harsh conditions tubeworms experience at vents compared to the moderate conditions at cold seeps, as well as the longevity of cold seeps surrounded by sedimented deep-sea plains but short-lived vents on basaltic mid-ocean ridges, might explain the contrasting diversity patterns.
- Published
- 2012
35. Influence of foundation species, depth, and location on diversity and community composition at Gulf of Mexico lower-slope cold seeps
- Author
-
Stéphane Hourdez, Erik E. Cordes, Charles R. Fisher, Erin L. Becker, Adaptation et Biologie des Invertébrés en Conditions Extrêmes (ABICE), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), US Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) [0105CT39187], and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Ocean Exploration (NOAA OE)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Escarpia ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Population ,Bathymodiolus ,Biodiversity ,Biology ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,Vestimentifera ,Lamellibrachia ,14. Life underwater ,education ,Relative species abundance ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Community ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Rarefaction curves ,biology.organism_classification ,Cold seep ,Petroleum seep ,Biogeography ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Foundation species - Abstract
International audience; Efforts to understand and preserve the seep communities of the deep Gulf of Mexico (GOM) begin with a comprehensive survey of the biodiversity of these communities. Previous studies have provided a conceptual model of the physiology, population, and community ecology of upper continental slope seeps. However, seeps at water depths below 1000 m in the Gulf of Mexico remain relatively unknown. In this study, data from 47 samples of tubeworm- and mussel-associated communities at depths of 1005-2750 m are examined. Other than tubeworms and mussels, 66 taxa of macro- and megafauna were collected, 43 of which appear to be restricted to water depths of over 1000 m, and 39 that have not been reported previously from the Gulf of Mexico. Diversity in mussel beds was highest at mid-slope depths, but tubeworm-associated communities did not show clear bathymetric trends in diversity. Diversity was higher in tubeworm aggregations at the alpha level (per sample), but higher in mussel beds at the beta level (species turnover among collections). Although both community types were often numerically dominated by the endemic shrimp Alvinocaris muricola, broad differences in the communities hosted by tubeworm aggregations and mussel beds were apparent. The most important factors explaining community similarity within community type were the depth, relative abundance of different mussel species in a bed, and the average size of tubeworms in an aggregation. The high proportion of deep-seep species that were found for the first time in the Gulf of Mexico emphasizes the importance of conservation efforts for these patchy communities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A new method to determine the reproductive condition in female tubeworms tested in Seepiophila jonesi (Polychaeta : Siboglinidae : Vestimentifera)
- Author
-
Paul A. Tyler, Ana Hilário, and David W. Pond
- Subjects
Gonad ,biology ,Reproductive condition ,Ecology ,Siboglinidae ,Seepiophila jonesi ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Wax esters ,Vestimentifera ,Cold seep ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Taxon ,medicine ,Chemosynthetic ecosystems ,Reproduction ,Development of the gonads ,media_common ,Hydrothermal vent - Abstract
Vestimentiferan tubeworms are significant members of deep-sea chemosynthetically-driven communities, including hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The reproductive condition in this taxon is rarely studied because of sampling constraints inherent to these environments, and the lack of a simple methodology to quantify gonad development in vestimentiferans.We demonstrate that the amount of gonad found in the first 10 mm of trunk can be used as representative of the reproductive condition of the individual, and we establish a linear relationship between the amount of gonad and the proportion of wax ester in the trunk of female vestimentiferans. This relationship represents a new method for the determination of the reproductive condition in this group.
- Published
- 2008
37. Dr Jacob van der Land, marine biologist extraordinary
- Subjects
Priapulida ,National Museum of Natural History/Leiden ,biography ,Tardigrada ,history of biology ,bibliography ,marine biology ,Turbellaria ,Oligochaeta ,Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie/Leiden ,Vermes ,Vestimentifera - Abstract
This contribution is an attempt to sketch the life and works of Dr Jacob van der Land, curator of worms and chief marine biologist of the National Museum of Natural History, on the occasion of his official retirement. Born in 1935, Jacob van der Land read biology at Leiden University (1958-1964), where he obtained his Ph.D. in 1970 on a treatise on the Priapulida under the supervision of Prof. Dr L.D. Brongersma. In 1964 he was appointed curator of worms in the museum. Later on he took over leadership of the invertebrate section (excluding insects) of the museum and was also placed in charge of all marine research. Initially, Van der Land organized field trips for biology students of Leiden University to Scandinavia, who were able to sample seagoing studies from a research vessel. From the early seventies on he conducted a number of smaller and larger marine expeditions mainly in the tropics (particularly in SE. Asia). His talent for organisation, management and leadership in the field was outstanding and led to the complete success of these undertakings. In an interim period in the museum’s history he also participated in the general management. Subsequently his talents were severely tested when in 1996-1998 he was asked to supervise the almost traumatic move of the museum from the old premises in the Raamsteeg to the purpose- built new complex in the Darwinweg elsewhere in Leiden. Apart from having made a significant impact on the study of various groups of worms and worm-like animals (Turbellaria, Priapulida, Oligochaeta, Tardigrada, Vestimentifera), Van der Land also greatly influenced marine research in the Netherlands by participating in scientific management on a national scale. A list of his publications until early 2000 is attached.
- Published
- 2001
38. Dr Jacob van der Land, marine biologist extraordinary
- Author
-
Bruggen, A.C. (Dolf) van and Bruggen, A.C. (Dolf) van
- Abstract
This contribution is an attempt to sketch the life and works of Dr Jacob van der Land, curator of worms and chief marine biologist of the National Museum of Natural History, on the occasion of his official retirement. Born in 1935, Jacob van der Land read biology at Leiden University (1958-1964), where he obtained his Ph.D. in 1970 on a treatise on the Priapulida under the supervision of Prof. Dr L.D. Brongersma. In 1964 he was appointed curator of worms in the museum. Later on he took over leadership of the invertebrate section (excluding insects) of the museum and was also placed in charge of all marine research. Initially, Van der Land organized field trips for biology students of Leiden University to Scandinavia, who were able to sample seagoing studies from a research vessel. From the early seventies on he conducted a number of smaller and larger marine expeditions mainly in the tropics (particularly in SE. Asia). His talent for organisation, management and leadership in the field was outstanding and led to the complete success of these undertakings. In an interim period in the museum’s history he also participated in the general management. Subsequently his talents were severely tested when in 1996-1998 he was asked to supervise the almost traumatic move of the museum from the old premises in the Raamsteeg to the purpose- built new complex in the Darwinweg elsewhere in Leiden. Apart from having made a significant impact on the study of various groups of worms and worm-like animals (Turbellaria, Priapulida, Oligochaeta, Tardigrada, Vestimentifera), Van der Land also greatly influenced marine research in the Netherlands by participating in scientific management on a national scale. A list of his publications until early 2000 is attached.
- Published
- 2001
39. Gene organization and evolution of mitochondrial genomes from two invertebrate phyla : Vestimentifera and Chaetognatha
- Author
-
Wei, Yuewang
- Subjects
Invertebrates -- Genetics ,Chaetognatha ,Vestimentifera - Published
- 1992
40. Endosymbionts escape dead hydrothermal vent tubeworms to enrich the free-living population.
- Author
-
Klose J, Polz MF, Wagner M, Schimak MP, Gollner S, and Bright M
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria ultrastructure, Bacterial Load, Cell Death, Environmental Microbiology, Host-Pathogen Interactions, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Larva microbiology, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Polychaeta genetics, Polychaeta ultrastructure, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Seawater microbiology, Bacteria growth & development, Hydrothermal Vents parasitology, Polychaeta microbiology, Symbiosis
- Abstract
Theory predicts that horizontal acquisition of symbionts by plants and animals must be coupled to release and limited dispersal of symbionts for intergenerational persistence of mutualisms. For deep-sea hydrothermal vent tubeworms (Vestimentifera, Siboglinidae), it has been demonstrated that a few symbiotic bacteria infect aposymbiotic host larvae and grow in a newly formed organ, the trophosome. However, whether viable symbionts can be released to augment environmental populations has been doubtful, because (i) the adult worms lack obvious openings and (ii) the vast majority of symbionts has been regarded as terminally differentiated. Here we show experimentally that symbionts rapidly escape their hosts upon death and recruit to surfaces where they proliferate. Estimating symbiont release from our experiments taken together with well-known tubeworm density ranges, we suggest a few million to 1.5 billion symbionts seeding the environment upon death of a tubeworm clump. In situ observations show that such clumps have rapid turnover, suggesting that release of large numbers of symbionts may ensure effective dispersal to new sites followed by active larval colonization. Moreover, release of symbionts might enable adaptations that evolve within host individuals to spread within host populations and possibly to new environments.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Siboglinid-bacteria endosymbiosis: A model system for studying symbiotic mechanisms.
- Author
-
Thornhill DJ, Fielman KT, Santos SR, and Halanych KM
- Abstract
Siboglinid worms are a group of gutless marine annelids which are nutritionally dependent upon endosymbiotic bacteria.1,2 Four major groups of siboglinids are known including vestimentiferans, Osedax spp., frenulates and moniliferans.3-5 Very little is known about the diversity of bacterial endosymbionts associated with frenulate or monoliferan siboglinids. This lack of knowledge is surprising considering the global distribution of siboglinids; this system is likely among the most common symbioses in the deep sea. At least three distinct clades of endosymbiotic gamma-proteobacteria associate with siboglinid annelids.6 Frenulates harbor a clade of gamma-proteobacteria that are divergent from both the thiotrophic bacteria of vestimentiferans and monoliferans as well as the heterotrophic bacteria of Osedax spp.6,7 We also discuss priorities for future siboglinid research and the need to move beyond descriptive studies. A promising new method, laser-capture microdissection (LCM), allows for the precise excision of tissue regions of interest.8 This method, when used in concert with molecular and genomic techniques, such as Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) surveys using pyrosequencing technology, will likely enable investigations into physiological processes and mechanisms in these symbioses. Furthermore, adopting a comparative approach using different siboglinid groups, such as worms harboring thiotrophic versus methanotrophic endosymbionts, may yield considerable insight into the ecology and evolution of the Siboglinidae.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Chaetopterid Tubes from Vent and Seep Sites: Implications for Fossil Record and Evolutionary History of Vent and Seep Annelids
- Author
-
Kiel, Steffen and Dando, Paul R.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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