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7. Nitrogen mineralized in anaerobiosis as indicator of soil aggregate stability

Author

Guillermo Studdert, Rivero, Camila, Tourn, Santiago N., García, Gisela Vanesa, Videla, Cecilia, Domínguez, Germán, and Studdert, Guillermo Alberto

Subjects
Agronomy, chemistry, Monitoring soil, Agronomía, reproducción y protección de plantas, Sustainable agriculture, Environmental science, chemistry.chemical_element, Aggregate stability, Agronomy and Crop Science, Nitrogen, Soil aggregate stability
Abstract

Monitoring soil health status is imperative to pursue sustainable agriculture. Aggregate stability (AS) is fundamental to define several soil functions and, therefore, physical soil health. The objectives of thisworkwere to (i) evaluate the effect of contrasting cropping systems on AS, soil (SOC) and particulate (POC) organic carbon, and anaerobic nitrogen (AN) both in bulk soil and in macroaggregates (MA), and (ii) assess the relationship between AS and AN both in bulk soil and in MA to facilitate soil physical health monitoring. Aggregate stability, AN, SOC and POC were evaluated at three depths (0–5, 5–20, and 0–20 cm) in a Mollisol of the Southeastern Argentinean Pampas under a long-term experiment of cropping systems (crop-pasture rotations under conventional tillage [CT] and no-tillage [NT]). Bulk-soil SOC and POC contents and AN showed the effect of cropping systems, especially the effect of crop-pasture rotation and at 0–5 cm depth. However, NT did not lead to SOC sequestration except at 0–5 cm depth. In turn, pastures in the rotation and NT improved AS. Bulk-soil AN explained 75, 41, and 71% of AS at 0–5, 5–20, and 0–20 cm depths, respectively, and provides an indication of AS status. Instead, AN in MA did not explain bulk-soil AS changes as much as bulk-soil AN, except at 0–5 cm depth. Therefore, it is not worth determining AN in MA. However, routine bulk-soil AN determination at 0–20 cm depth by producers to diagnose nitrogen soil fertility would also provide an additional valuable indication of AS status.

Published
2020
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8. Evaluation of nitrous oxide emission by soybean inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strains commonly used as inoculants in South America

Author

Obando Melissa, Antonelli Cristian, Casanave Sheila, Maguire Vanina, Torres Daniela, Pérez Gabriela, Bailleres Matías, Donadío Florencia, Creus Cecilia, Videla Cecilia, Puente Mariana, Zilli Jerri, Alves Bruno, Ruiz Oscar, Bedmar Eulogio, Cassán Fabricio, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (Argentina), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Argentina)

Subjects
GHG emissions, Bioproducts, fungi, N2O, Denitrifcation, Soil Science, food and beverages, Plant Science, Rhizobia, Soybean crop
Abstract

Aims: The purpose of this work was to analyze the agronomic and environmental performance of soybean plants inoculated with the Bradyrhizobium strains widely used as soybean biofertilizers in South America and to determine if these strains possess any functional or taxonomic trait associated with the NO emission. Methods: Bradyrhizobium japonicum E109 and CPAC 15, B. diazoefficiens USDA 110 and CPAC 7, and B. elkanii SEMIA 5019 and SEMIA 587 were used to inoculate soybean seeds. The field experiment was carried out in a soil without history of soybean cultivation in the Argentinian Humid Pampa. The natural N abundance method was applied to estimate N-fixation, and NO production was evaluated using gas chromatography. Among other physiological parameters, shoot dry weight, shoot N content, and crop yield were estimated after harvest. Results: B. japonicum inoculation produced the greatest increases in soybean growth and crop yield but also led to higher NO emissions compared to all other inoculated treatments. Plants inoculated with B. diazoefficiens released the lowest amount of NO, and their growth and yield were the least affected. Inoculation with B. elkanii resulted in intermediate NO emission fluxes and crop yield compared with B. japonicum and B. diazoefficiens. Conclusions: We found that soybean inoculation with strains of B. japonicum and B. elkanii that lack the nosZ gene led to the highest NO emissions under field conditions, but also to the highest crop yield, while inoculation with strains that carry out complete denitrification, nosZ-containing B. diazoefficiens, showed lower NO emission and lower crop yield., To the Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas (INIAB); Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científcas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (FONCyT); Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). FC is Researcher of CONICET at the UNRC. DT and FD are Postdoc and PhD students at the UNRC granted by CONICET. MOC is a former PhD student at the UNRC granted by CONICET. To Mariano Cicchino from INTA Chascomús, who was in charge of sowing and yield estimation at R8. To Juan Pedro Ezquiaga from INTA Castelar, for their contribution to N2O measurements.

Published
2022

9. ECOLOGICAL INTENSIFICATION DECREASED YIELD-SCALED N2O EMISSIONS IN A SOYBEAN-BARLEY-MAIZE SEQUENCE.

Author

Casanave Ponti, Sheila Mailén, del Carmen Videla, Cecilia, Rizzalli, Roberto, Monterubbianesi, María Gloria, García, Fernando Oscar, Ortega, Facundo, and Andrade, Fernando Héctor

Subjects
*AGRICULTURAL intensification, *SOIL mineralogy, *AGRICULTURAL productivity, *CROP rotation, *AGRICULTURE, *SOYBEAN yield, *BARLEY yields, *REGRESSION trees, *CORN yields, *COVER crops, *NITROGEN oxides & the environment, *EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
Abstract

Agricultural challenge today is to maximize crop production reducing negative environmental impacts by efficiently use of resources and inputs. Objectives: i) to evaluate N2O emissions during a soybean-barley-maize rotation and their respective interperiods -chemical fallows (ChF) and cover crops (CC)-, and ii) to understand the relationships between N2O flow rates with soil mineral N content (Nmin), water-filled porous space (WFPS), and soil temperature (ST). N2O emissions were evaluated weekly under two management systems, ecological intensification (EI) and farmer current practices (FP). EI included higher N rates than FP, split N application, a cover crop (CC) after barley, among other management practices. Simultaneously to N2O emissions, Nmin, WFPS and ST were determined. The N2O fluxes were highest during crop periods (9-43, 6-61 and 4-104 µg N2O-N m-2 h-1, for soybean, barley and maize, respectively), intermediate during barley-maize interperiod (2-47 and 3-35 µg N2O-N m-2 h-1, for CC and ChF, respectively) and lowest during ChF of maize-soybean and soybean-barley interperiods (1-26 and 5-22 µg N2O-N m-2 h-1, respectively). Regression tree provided threshold splits for the effect of soil variables on emission rates: 7.4 mg N kg-1 for Nmin; 10.35 or 8.7°C for ST, depending on Nmin and WPFS values; 39.6 and 55.4 % for WPFS, both with high N. There were no significant differences in accumulated N2O emissions between management systems for the complete sequence (3050 and 3380 g N2O-N ha-1, for EI and FP, respectively). Yield-based N2O emissions for the complete sequence were lower for EI than for FP. EI decreased yield-scaled N2O emissions by 29% for soybean (p<0.05) and barley (ns) and by 30% for maize (p<0.05) compared with FP. In conclusion for the complete sequence, the EI system did not increase N2O emissions per unit area and reduced emissions per unit yield despite utilizing higher N rates and including a CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

10. Problemas de sustentabildiad en el sudeste bonaerense. El caso de la cuenca alta del arroyo Malacara

Author

Ligier, Hector Daniel, Auer, Alejandra Denise, Puricelli, Marino Marcelo, Borras, Graciela, and Videla, Cecilia

Subjects
Agricultura Sostenible, Sustainability, Natural Resources, Land Use Planning, Ordenamiento Territorial, Recursos Naturales, Sostenibilidad, Sustainable Agriculture
Abstract

El objetivo del trabajo es caracterizar y categorizar aspectos ambientales y conocer la visión de los productores sobre las problemáticas relacionadas a la sustentabilidad, en un sector de la cuenca alta del arroyo Malacara, e identificar situaciones críticas y/o alertas tempranas que contribuyan a una toma de decisiones orientada a un manejo más sustentable del territorio. EEA Balcarce Fil: Ligier, Héctor Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Fil: Auer, Alejandra Denise. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fil: Puricelli, Marino Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Fil: Borrás, Graciela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Fil: Videla, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.

Published
2020

12. ACTIVIDAD MICROBIOLÓGICA GLOBAL COMO INDICADOR DE SALUD EDÁFICA EN MOLISOLES DEL SUDESTE BONAERENSE.

Author

Néstor Tourn, Santiago, del Carmen Videla, Cecilia, and Alberto Studdert, Guillermo

Subjects
*ORGANIC farming, *SOIL dynamics, *CROPPING systems, *MOLLISOLS, *AGRICULTURAL intensification, *TILLAGE
Abstract

Soil biological activity (i.e. mineralized carbon (C) (Cmin)) is a crucial property to evaluate soil health and its changes due to soil use. In the southeastern Buenos Aires province (SEB) there is scarce information about how agriculture ecological intensification (IEA) affects soil global biological activity and the potentially mineralized C (C0) to improve the comprehension of the mechanisms that regulate soil C dynamics. It would be relevant to determine the adequate incubation time at which the determination of Cmin can predict C0 in soils from the SEB. Moreover, the Cmin determined in early incubation days has been proposed as a quick alternative to estimate C0. It has been hypothesized that it is necessary to run longer incubations to correctly evaluate C0 of soils of the SEB and that the CO2 emitted during short incubation periods is a good estimator of C0. Soil samples were taken (0-5 and 5-20 cm) from a long-term experiment on crop-pasture rotations on Mollisols at Balcarce with different levels of IEA under conventional tillage and no-tillage (SD). Total (COT), particulate (COP) and associated organic C were determined, as it was the Cmin from aerobic incubations under controlled conditions at 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 22, 28, and 63 days. The C0 was estimated from the Cmin at 22, 28, and 63 days. The Cmin and C0 showed similar patterns among cropping systems. The estimations of C0 from the Cmin at 63 days were the most trustable (mean of C0 466,9 and 517,8 mg C kg-1 from Cmin(28) and Cmin(63), respectively). Furthermore, the Cmin at a few days of incubation showed high correlation coefficients with C0 (r between 0.68 and 0.92 at 0-20 cm for 2 to 10 incubation days) and therefore short incubations would be promising to estimate C0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

14. CAMBIOS EN PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS Y BIOQUÍMICAS DEL SUELO ASOCIADOS AL REEMPLAZO DE PASTIZALES NATURALES POR PINUS RADIATA D. DON Y ROTACIONES AGRÍCOLAS

Author

Di Gerónimo, Paula Florencia, Videla, Cecilia, Fernández, María Elena, Zamuner, Ester Cristina, and Laclau, Pablo

Subjects
sistemas silvopastoriles, Acidity, soil carbon, silvopastoral systems, Acidez, carbono del suelo
Abstract

RESUMEN El reemplazo de vegetación nativa de pastizales por agricultura, o por forestación, genera cambios en las propiedades del suelo afectando su productividad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar los cambios en algunas propiedades edáficas generados por los siguientes cambios en el uso de la tierra: 1) Pastizal Natural (PN) a agricultura (AGR); 2) PN a forestación con pinos (MP); y 3) Franjas raleadas dentro de MP: pastizal secundario (PS). Se tomaron muestras de suelo representativas de tales situaciones y se analizaron propiedades químicas y bioquímicas. Todos los sistemas produjeron una reducción del pH y aumento en la saturación con H+ del suelo. En los sitios MP y PS se produjo un aumento del carbono orgánico total del suelo (COT). El N potencialmente mineralizable por incubación anaeróbica (Nan) de estos sitios fue muy inferior al de PN, probablemente por diferencias en la calidad de su materia orgánica. PS disminuyó disminución en la acidez del suelo, y aumento del Nan y del P- extractable. En AGR se halló acidificación pero en menor grado, reducción del COT, Nan y P extractable. Los cambios observados indican que en sitios donde se reemplazó vegetación nativa por forestación con pinos, al retirarse la vegetación introducida, el suelo tiende rápidamente a recuperar sus características originales. ABSTRACT The replacement of native vegetation of grasslands by agriculture, or by afforestation, causes changes in the properties of the soil, affecting its productivity. The objective of this research was to study the changes in some edaphic properties generated by the following changes in land use: 1) Natural grassland (PN) to agriculture (AGR); 2) PN to afforestation with pines (MP); 3) Strips thinned within MP: secondary grassland (PS). Soil samples were taken from each system, and both chemical and biochemical properties were analyzed. All the systems recorded a reduction of the pH and an increase in the H+ saturation of the soil. An increase in the total organic carbon (COT) was observed in MP and PS. The anaerobic N mineralization potential (Nan) of these sites was much lower than that of PN, probably due to differences in the quality of their organic matter. PS generated a decrease in soil acidity, and an increase in Nan and P extractable. Acidification was lower in AGR, but it recorded the highest reduction in COT, Nan and P extractable. The changes observed indicate that the original characteristics of the soil tend to recover quickly in places where introduced vegetation was replaced.

Published
2018

16. Construcción de observatorios ambientales: experiencia participativa en la cuenca alta del arroyo Malacara

Author

Borrás, Graciela, Herrera, Lorena Paola, Auer, Alejandra Denise, and Videla, Cecilia

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], SUSTENTABILIDAD, TERRITORIO, Otras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, PARTICPACION, POLITICAS PUBLICAS, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente
Abstract

Los Observatorios Ambientales (OA) constituyen una herramienta innovadora para monitorear el estado y las tendencias futuras en aspectos biofísicos, socio-económicos e institucionales en sistemas socio-ecológicos complejos. Presentamos los primeros resultados de una experiencia participativa en el desarrollo de un OA en el partido de Balcarce (Buenos Aires, Argentina) a partir de la implementación de talleres. Se analizan, junto con pequeños y medianos productores, los problemas de sustentabilidad, estimulando el involucramiento de los mismos en el proceso de monitoreo y evaluación ambiental, así como su mayor compromiso para la adopción de medidas tendientes a resolver las cuestiones que afectan al territorio. Environmental Observatories (OA) are an innovative tool for monitoring the status and future tendencies in complex socio-ecological systems, integrating biophysical, socioeconomic and institutional aspects. We present preliminary results of a participative experience in the development of an OA in Balcarce county (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Through the implementation of participative workshops with small and medium farmers we analyze sustainability problems. We encourage the involvement of the stakeholders in the environmental monitoring and assessment process and in the adoption of measures to resolve issues affecting their territory. Fil: Borrás, Graciela. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina Fil: Herrera, Lorena Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina Fil: Auer, Alejandra Denise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina Fil: Videla, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina

Published
2016

17. Cambios en las propiedades químicas de un suelo molisol de la región pampeana argentina con diferente historia de manejo = Changes on the chemical properties of a mollisol soil under different management systemas in the Pampean region, Argentina

Author

Rodríguez, Silvia, Videla, Cecilia del Carmen, Zamuner, Ester Cristina, Picone, Liliana Inés, Pose, Nélida Nancy, and Maceira, Nestor Oscar

Subjects
Intensification, Tipos de Suelos, Nitrógeno, Nitrogen, Agricultura, Soil Types, Agriculture, Conductividad Eléctrica, Electrical Conductivity, Carbon, Suelo Molisol, Intensificación, Carbono, Región Pampeana, Soil Chemicophysical Properties, Propiedades Físico - Químicas Suelo
Abstract

La intensificación del uso agrícola del suelo provoca degradación, la cual puede revertirse implementando rotaciones de cultivos, labranzas conservacionistas, forestaciones o incorporando pasturas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los cambios en el contenido de carbono orgánico total (COT), nitrógeno potencialmente mineralizable (NAN), conductividad eléctrica (CE) y pH en ocho sitios con diferente manejo: cinco rotaciones agrícolo-ganaderas; dos forestaciones, monte de eucaliptus (ME) y de acacia (MA); y un pastizal natural (PN), ubicados en un establecimiento con suelo mollisol. Se analizaron muestras a dos profundidades: 0-5 y 5-20 cm. Los valores más elevados de COT y NAN en superficie se presentaron en MA, alcanzado niveles de 85,2 g kg-1 y 426,8 mg kg-1, respectivamente. PN y ME presentaron valores intermedios de COT (47,8 g kg-1). ME no difirió del resto de los manejos (37,2 g kg-1). El NAN en PN (235,1 mg kg-1) fue menor que en MA, pero mayor que en los otros manejos. Los manejos con pasturas tuvieron valores de NAN intermedios entre agricultura continua (80,7 mg kg-1) y PN (235,1 mg kg-1). Entre 5-20 cm, COT fue menor que en superficie y mayor en MA. El NAN presentó diferencias entre manejos (entre 58,5 y 232,5 mg kg-1), constituyéndose en un indicador más sensible que COT. Por otra parte, CE varió entre 1,11 y 0,46 dS m-1 en superficie, valores que no afectan el normal desarrollo de las plantas. El pH no presentó diferencias ni hubo acidificación por manejo. Agriculture intensification leads to soil degradation, which can be reversed by performing crop rotations, conservation tillage, forest plantations or pastures The objective of this work was to analyze the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH in eight different sites submitted to different management systems: five sites under livestock pasture rotations, two sites planted with trees and a natural grassland (NG) site. Soil samples from 0-5 and 5- 20 cm depth were analyzed. The highest SOC and PMN values in surface soil (0-5 cm deep) were observed in the AF, reaching values of 85.2 g kg-1 and 426.8 mg kg-1, respectively. EF and NG showed intermediate SOC values (47.8 g kg-1). EF did not differ from the other management practices (37.2 g kg-1). PMN in the NG (235.1 mg kg-1) was lower than in the AF but higher than in the rest of the sites. The pastures showed PMN values that ranged between those obtained in sites under continuous agriculture (80.7 mg kg-1) and NG (235.1 mg kg-1). SOC was lower at 5-20 cm depth but higher in the AF. PMN presented differences between treatments (between 58.5 and 232.5 mg kg-1) indicating that is a more sensitive indicator of chemical changes than SOC. EC ranged between 1.11 and 0.46 dS m-1 at 0- 5 cm soil depth, values that do not affect normal plant growth. Soil pH did not differ nor were found evidences of acidification due to management. EEA Balcarce Fil: Rodríguez, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Videla, Cecilia del Carmen. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Zamuner, Ester Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Picone, Liliana Inés. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Pose, Nélida Nancy. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Maceira, Nestor Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Published
2015

18. Evaluación de indicadores de retención en sistemas agrícolas, ganaderos y forestales = Evaluation of phosphorus retention indicators in agricultural, livestock and forestry systems

Author

Pose, Nélida Nancy, Zamuner, Ester Cristina, Picone, Liliana Inés, Videla, Cecilia del Carmen, Rodríguez, Silvia, and Maceira, Nestor Oscar

Subjects
Ciencias Forestales, Estructura Agraria, Sistemas Agrarios, Phosphorus, Forestry, Ganadería, Sistemas Forestales, Indicadores, Soil Sorption, Fósforo, Indicators, Animal Husbandry, Sorción del Suelo, Agrarian Structure
Abstract

El escurrimiento, erosión o lavado del fósforo (P) del suelo aumentan con altas concentraciones de P extractable y condiciones que favorezcan su transporte. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron evaluar la relación entre índices de sorción de P (ISP, P75 sorbido) y grados de saturación de P (GSPISP y GSPP75) y la asociación con el contenido de carbono orgánico total (COT) y pH del suelo. Se utilizaron muestras de suelo (0-5 cm) con diferentes secuencias de cultivos, pasturas implantadas, plantaciones de acacia (Acacia melanoxylon) y eucaliptos (Eucalyptus globulus) y campo natural. El análisis estadístico evidenció diferencias entre ISP y P75 y el manejo los afectó significativamente. Los mayores valores de ISP y P75 , 322 y 506,1 mg P kg-1, respectivamente, se registraron en el monte de acacia. Los menores valores de P75 también se registraron en el monte de acacia, con un promedio de 301,5 mg P kg-1 en la rotación cebada-soja y campo natural. ISP alcanzó un promedio de 186,4 mg kg-1 en lotes con rotación, varios años de pastura y campo natural. Los GSP presentaron diferencias entre manejos productivos con mayores valores en campo natural y menores en montes de acacia y eucalipto, GSPP75 entre 2,8 y 15,5% y GSPISP entre 4,6 y 24,3%. En ningún caso se alcanzó el 20% para GSPP75, indicado en bibliografía como riesgo de pérdidas de P del suelo. Los parámetros de sorción de P no fueron influenciados por el pH. Los ISP y P75 se relacionaron positivamente con el contenido de COT. High concentrations of extractable P and favorable conditions for transport increase runoff, erosion or leaching of phosphorus (P) in the soil. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between P sorption indices (ISP, P75 absorbed) and degrees of P saturation (GSPP75 and GSPISP), and to determine how these are related to the content of total organic carbon (TOC) and pH in the soil. Samples were taken at 0-5 cm depth from soils under different production systems: crop rotations, pastures, acacia (Acacia melanoxylon) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) plantations, and natural grasslands.. The statistical analysis showed differences between ISP and P75, and both indices were significantly affected by the production system. The highest values of ISP and P75 reached 322 y 506.1 mg P kg-1, respectively, in the acacia forest. The lowest value of P75 was also recorded in the acacia plantation, and averaged 301.5 mg P kg-1 in barley in the soil with crop rotation with soybean and natural grassland. ISP averaged 186.4 mg kg-1 in plots with crop rotation, pastures several years, and natural grassland. The GSPs differed between production systems, presenting the highest values in the natural grasslands, and the lowest values in the acacia and eucalyptus plantations. GSPP75 recorded values that ranged between 2.8 and 15.5%, while GSPISP ranged between 4.6 and 24.3%. GSPP75 never reach the value of 20% indicated in the literature as the risk of soil P loss. No effect of pH was observed on P sorption parameters. ISP and P75 were positively correlated with TOC content. EEA Balcarce Fil: Pose, Nélida Nancy. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Zamuner, Ester Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Picone, Liliana Inés. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Videla, Cecilia del Carmen. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Rodríguez, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Maceira, Nestor Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Published
2014

21. Características de sorción de fósforo del suelo en un sistema de engorde intensivo a corral y en una pastura natural = Soil phosphorus sorption characteristics in an intensive finishing system on a feedlot and natural pasture

Author

Pose, Nélida Nancy, Zamuner, Ester Cristina, Eyherabide, Gustavo Alcides, Picone, Liliana Inés, Videla, Cecilia del Carmen, and Maceira, Nestor Oscar

Subjects
Soil, Soil Sorption, Fattening, Fósforo, Pastizal Natural, Natural Pastures, Alimentación de los Animales, Phosphorus, Animal Feeding, Suelo, Sorción del Suelo, Engorde
Abstract

El sistema intensivo de producción de carne vacuna es de interés ambiental, debido al elevado aporte de fósforo (P) al suelo a través de las heces. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar parámetros de isotermas de sorción y grado de saturación de P en suelos bajo pastura y corral para engorde de ganado. Se determinó la capacidad máxima de adsorción de P (Xm) con la isoterma de sorción de Langmuir, la concentración de P en equilibrio cuando la sorción neta de P es cero (EPC), el índice de sorción de P (PSI) mediante isoterma de sorción de punto simple, y el grado de saturación de P del suelo (GSP) empleando Xm o PSI. No se pudo obtener el parámetro de sorción Xm para el suelo del corral de encierre; en el suelo de pastura alcanzó un valor de 357,1 mg P kg-1. El valor de EPC en pastura fue de 0,24 mg P L-1 en relación con 19,18 mg P L-1 en corral. El GSP varió con la metodología utilizada para calcularlo, siendo superior cuando se utiliza el Xm de la ecuación de Langmuir que cuando se utiliza PSI (11,6 % y 7,5% para GSPLangmuir y GSPPSI, respectivamente). El GSPPSI en el corral superó ampliamente al de la pastura (55,7 % y 11,6%, respectivamente. Altos valores de EPC y GSP en el corral de engorde sugieren que estos suelos son vulnerables a pérdidas de P por escurrimiento o lavado The intensive system of beef production is an environmental issue due to the high inputs of phosphorus (P) to the soil through manure. The objective of this study was to compare sorption isotherm parameters and the degree of soil P saturation in soils under pasture and feedlot. P maximum-adsorption capacity (Xm) was determined by Langmuir sorption isotherm, as well as the equilibrium P concentration at zero-net P sorption (EPC), the P sorption index (PSI) by the one-point sorption isotherm, and the degree of soil P saturation (GSP) using Xm or PSI. The Xm sorption parameter could not be obtained for the soil under a feedlot system, but a value of 357.1 mg P kg-1 was obtained for soil under a pasture based system. The EPC value in the soil under pasture was 0.24 mg P L-1, while it reached 19.18 mg P L-1 in the feedlot system. GSP values differed depending on the calculation method used; higher values were obtained when using the Xm of the Langmuir equation compared to values using PSI (11.6% and 7.5% for GSPLangmuir and GSPPSI, respectively). The GSPPSI in feedlot largely exceeded that of the pasture (55.7% and 11.6%, respectively). High values of EPC and GSP in the feedlot suggest that soils under this system are vulnerable to P loss by runoff. EEA Balcarce Fil: Pose, Nélida. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Zamuner, Ester Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Eyherabide, Gustavo Alcides. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Picone, Liliana. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Videla, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Maceira, Nestor Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Published
2013

22. DISTRIBUCIÓN DE CARBONO Y NITRÓGENO ORGÁNICO EN FRACCIONES GRANULOMÉTRICAS DE SUELOS BAJO PASTIZALES, AGRICULTURA Y FORESTACIONES.

Author

FLORENCIA DI GERÓNIMO, PAULA, DEL CARMEN VIDELA, CECILIA, and LACLAU, PABLO

Abstract

Changes in land use modify soil C and N dynamics. Our objectives were (1) to study C and N variations in the organic matter and its granulometric fractions (MOP and MOAM), and (2) to evaluate how these variations affect the potentially mineralizable N (Nan) under different land uses. Analyzed land uses were: grassland (PN), agriculture (AGR), forestation with pines (MP), and thinned strips in MP: secondary grassland (PS). We determined the lowest total organic carbon (COT), total N (Nt), C and N in granulometric fractions, and Nan values at AGR, evidencing soil degradation. The COT values at MP and PS (63,3 and 53,5 g kg-1, respectively) were greater than at PN (50,4 g kg-1 soil), due to an increase in C associated with minerals (C-MOAM). We observed more Nt, C-MOP and N-MOP at PN than at MP and P. This explained the fact that Nan was 100 mg Kg-1 greater at PN than at MP and PS. The N-MOP was the variable that best explained Nan variability (R² = 0,859). The C and N distribution in the MO and its fractions reflected changes in land use, but it is necessary to better study C and N dynamics under forest vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

23. Fertilization of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferguson, cv. Hayward) during orchard establishment at the South-East of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina)

Author

Godoy, Carlos, Videla, Cecilia, and Vallo, Matías

Subjects
Balcarce (Buenos Aires, Argentina), Nitrógeno, Raíces, Aplicación de abonos, Datos estadísticos, Potasio, Análisis del suelo, Fertilización
Abstract

En una plantación de kiwi situada en Balcarce (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina), se evaluó el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada y potásica sobre el crecimiento de la planta durante la etapa de implantación, en la temporada 2008 - 2009. Los tratamientos fueron T: control sin fertilizar, N: fertilizado con nitrógeno (48 kg/ha N), K: fertilizado con potasio (60 kg/ha K) y NK: fertilizado con nitrógeno y potasio (48 kg/ha N - 60 kg/ha K). Se realizaron muestreos periódicos de: longitud de tallo, longitud del último entrenudo y área foliar. Se determinó el diámetro del tallo a fin de temporada y la distribución de raíces en el perfil de suelo en plena dormición. Se efectuaron análisis foliares de macronutrientes, así como N mineral, N anaeróbico (NAN) y carbono orgánico (CO) en el suelo. El suelo correspondió a un Argiudol, con niveles de NAN entre 85 - 100 mg/kg y de CO de 45 - 50 g/kg en los primeros 30 cm. Los resultados obtenidos, en cuanto al crecimiento de la parte aérea de la planta, no constituyen evidencia suficiente para justificar la fertilización con N y K bajo las condiciones experimentales del estudio. Aun en el T, los niveles foliares de N y K se mantuvieron dentro de los estándares normales. El sistema radical, observado durante el reposo, se habría visto beneficiado por la fertilización nitrogenada. En el estrato de suelo comprendido entre 10 y 20 cm se determinó un promedio de 61 raíces/100 cm2, en el tratamiento N, 40 en el tratamiento combinado NK, 28 en el tratamiento K, y 19 en el testigo. The effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on kiwifruit plant growth during plant establishment (season 2008 - 2009) were assessed at an orchard placed in Balcarce (Buenos Aires. Province, Argentina). The following fertilization treatments were applied: T: control without fertilization, N: nitrogen (48 kg/ha N), K: potassium (60 kg/ha K), and NK: nitrogen and potassium (48 kg/ha N - 60 kg/ha K respectively). Stem and top internode length, and leaf area were sampled at regular intervals. Stem diameter was assessed at the end of season, and roots arrangement in the soil profile was measured during rest. Leaf macronutrient content, soil mineral N, anaerobic N (NAN), and organic C (CO) were also analyzed. Soil was classified as Argiudol; the levels of NAN were between 85 - 100 mg/kg and levels of CO were 45 - 50 g/kg, in the first 30 cm. Our results concerning shoot growth do not support the need to apply either nitrogen or potassium fertilizers under our experimental conditions. Leaf nitrogen and potassium contents were maintained within normal standards in all treatments including the control. Root system, as observed through the rest period, benefited from the nitrogen fertilization. Within the 10-20 cm soil layer, an average of 61 roots/cm2 were found in N, while lower values were recorded in the other treatments: 40 roots/cm2 in NK, 28 roots/cm2 in K, and 19 roots/cm2 in the control. Fil: Godoy, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Fil: Videla, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Fil: Vallo, Matías. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias

Published
2012

25. Parámetros agronómicos y ambientales de fósforo en suelos molisoles con diferentes usos en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Author

Nancy Pose, Nélida, Cecilia Baeza, María, Cristina Zamuner, Ester, Di Gerónimo, Paula, and Del Carmen Videla, Cecilia

Abstract

Copyright of Acta Agronómica is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2016
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28. Fertilización del kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferguson, cv. Hayward) durante la etapa de implantación en el sudeste bonaerense (Argentina).

Author

Godoy, Carlos, Videla, Cecilia, and Vallo, Matías

Subjects
*KIWIFRUIT, *NITROGEN fertilizers, *POTASSIUM fertilizers, *PLANT fertilization, *SOIL testing
Abstract

The effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on kiwifruit plant growth during plant establishment (season 2008 - 2009) were assessed at an orchard placed in Balcarce (Buenos Aires. Province, Argentina). The following fertilization treatments were applied: T: control without fertilization, N: nitrogen (48 kg/ha N), K: potassium (60 kg/ha K), and NK: nitrogen and potassium (48 kg/ha N - 60 kg/ha K respectively). Stem and top intemode length, and leaf area were sampled at regular intervals. Stem diameter was assessed at the end of season, and roots arrangement in the soil profile was measured during rest. Leaf macronutrient content, soil mineral N, anaerobic N (NAN), and organic C (CO) were also analyzed. Soil was classified as Argiudol; the levels of NAN were between 85-100 mg/kg and levels of CO were 45 - 50 g/kg, in the first 30 cm. Our results concerning shoot growth do not support the need to apply either nitrogen or potassium fertilizers under our experimental conditions. Leaf nitrogen and potassium contents were maintained within normal standards in all treatments including the control. Root system, as observed through the rest period, benefited from the nitrogen fertilization. Within the 10-20 cm soil layer, an average of 61 roots/cm² were found in N, while lower values were recorded in the other treatments: 40 roots/cm² in NK, 28 roots/cm² in K, and 19 roots/cm² in the control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

29. INFLUENCIA DEL MÉTODO DE DISPERSIÓN DEL SUELO EN LA CALIDAD DE MATERIA ORGÁNICA SEPARADA POR FRACCIONAMIENTO GRANULOMÉTRICO.

Author

VIDELA, CECILIA and TRIVELIN, PAULO C.O.

Subjects
*HUMUS, *ORGANIC compounds, *SOILS, *HYDROGEN peroxide, *PLANT-soil relationships
Abstract

Particle-size fractionation is supported by the concept that soil organic matter (SOM) fractions associated with different mineral particle sizes have different structure and functions, and play different functions in SOM turnover. The objective of this work was to verify the quality of the organic matter fractionation of a Molisol dispersed with water or Na-hexametaphosphate (HMP) and to analyze the C and N distribution and δ13C values of the separated fractions. We compared the mineral fraction distribution of the soil by completely oxidizing SOM through heating with hydrogen peroxide (AGUAOX) versus water dispersion and HMP dispersion. The soil suspension was wet-sieved with 200, 50 and 20 µm-sieves. The >200 µm fraction was suspended in water in order to separate the floating material (light, L) from the heavy one (H) which settles. The accumulated soil mass (98.4-99.7%), N (87.4-99.4%) and C (91.4-96.2%) recoveries were high, but water dispersion presented the higher values. HMP presented more variability than water dispersion; but it dispersed the >200 µm aggregates, allowing the recovery of the high amount of N and C accumulated in the smaller fractions, whereas the use of water did not disperse those aggregates appropriately. High N quantity was recovered in <20 µm fraction, while the C was mainly accumulated in the 200-50 µm fraction. The δ13C values in the smallest fraction were near to the original ones for soils developed under C3 and C4 plants mixture (-21.7‰) whereas the coarse light fraction ones were similar to those of C3 plants (-27.7 ‰). Considering these results, we conclude that the HMP dispersion method is suitable for the particle-size fractionation of the analyzed soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

30. MINERALIZACIÓN BRUTA DE NITRÓGENO BAJO LABRANZA CONVENCIONAL, SIEMBRA DIRECTA Y PASTURA.

Author

Videla, Cecilia, Pazos, Agustin, Trivelin, Paulo Cesar, Echeverria, Hernan Eduardo, and Studdert, Guillermo Alberto

Subjects
*AGRICULTURAL intensification, *SOIL fertility, *SOIL degradation, *CROP rotation
Abstract

The intensification of conventional agriculture in the southeastern Buenos Aires province (Argentine) produced soil fertility degradation. No-tillage (SD) agriculture and the inclusion of pastures (PP) in crop rotations, represent management alternatives to reduce conventional tillage (LC) effects. A lab experiment was carried out with the aims of: a) to study nitrogen mineralization (TMB), nitrification (TNB) and consumption (TCB) gross rates in a Mollisol under LC, SD and PP; and b) to quantify the potentially mineralizable nitrogen through anaerobic incubation (NAN) and its relation with mineralization rates. The studied soil was a Typic Argiudoll - Petrocalcic Paleudoll complex which had been under conventional tillage for 17 yr until 1994 when it was converted to three different soil management systems: continuous PP and continuous cropping under SD, and under LC. Gross processes were estimated through the 15N dilution technique, adding 15N-labeled (NH4),SO4 (10% 15N at. exe.) four times during an 35-d incubation period and NAN was determined through short anaerobic incubations. Gross N mineralization rates ranged between 0.17 and 1.36 mg N kg-1 day-1. The soil under PP treatment presented higher TMB than cropping managements. Gross consumption rates ranged between 0.47 and 3.21 mg N kg-1 day-1, being nitrification the most important consumption process for all three management systems (80%). Cumulative mineralized N (P= 28.6 mg kg-1, SD= 19.7 mg kg-1 and LC= 10.8 mg kg-1) was different among management systems, whereas cumulative consumed N were not (P= 72.6 mg kg-1, SD= 56.9 mg kg-1 and LC= 74.1 mg kg-1). The soil under PP presented highest NAN values (93.4 mg kg-1) that was twice as much as soil under LC (41.4 mg kg-1) or SD (46.6 mg kg-1). Lineal correlation coefficients between TMB and NAN were statistically significant for all the measurement times and ranging between 0.47 and 0.97. After five years from management installation, PP produced an increase in TMB relative to the cropping managements, whereas the same period under SD did not improve the TMB relative to LC. Gross consumption rates did not present differences among management systems and neither PP nor SD improved TNB respect to LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005

31. Desmitificando la vejez… hacia una libertad situada

Author

Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, Angela Aimar, Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, and Angela Aimar

Abstract

La concepción de un envejecimiento proactivo y creativo fundamenta la necesidad de explorar las vivencias del AM en la complejidad de la cotidianidad, donde se rescatarán las potencialidades que se despliegan en la construcción de su propio proyecto de vida. El presente estudio -cualitativo y fenomenológico- tiene como propósito el interpretar situaciones de la vida cotidiana de los AM que sostienen una adaptación activa y creativa, a través de sus historias de vida. Conocer la realidad desde las voces de sus protagonistas permitirá redimensionar el concepto de creatividad de la persona AM e incorporar una nueva dimensión a las representaciones sociales respecto a estas personas. Se espera aportar información relevante para la transferencia de conocimientos en disciplinas vinculadas con las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, desde una visión salutogénica y promotora de salud, y además la generación de investigaciones interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales, que brinden conocimientos para el fundamento de la elaboración o revisión de programas y actividades específicas que estimulen el desarrollo de un envejecimiento pleno y saludable.

32. Desmitificando la vejez… hacia una libertad situada

Author

Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, Angela Aimar, Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, and Angela Aimar

Abstract

La concepción de un envejecimiento proactivo y creativo fundamenta la necesidad de explorar las vivencias del AM en la complejidad de la cotidianidad, donde se rescatarán las potencialidades que se despliegan en la construcción de su propio proyecto de vida. El presente estudio -cualitativo y fenomenológico- tiene como propósito el interpretar situaciones de la vida cotidiana de los AM que sostienen una adaptación activa y creativa, a través de sus historias de vida. Conocer la realidad desde las voces de sus protagonistas permitirá redimensionar el concepto de creatividad de la persona AM e incorporar una nueva dimensión a las representaciones sociales respecto a estas personas. Se espera aportar información relevante para la transferencia de conocimientos en disciplinas vinculadas con las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, desde una visión salutogénica y promotora de salud, y además la generación de investigaciones interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales, que brinden conocimientos para el fundamento de la elaboración o revisión de programas y actividades específicas que estimulen el desarrollo de un envejecimiento pleno y saludable.

33. Desmitificando la vejez… hacia una libertad situada

Author

Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, Angela Aimar, Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, and Angela Aimar

Abstract

La concepción de un envejecimiento proactivo y creativo fundamenta la necesidad de explorar las vivencias del AM en la complejidad de la cotidianidad, donde se rescatarán las potencialidades que se despliegan en la construcción de su propio proyecto de vida. El presente estudio -cualitativo y fenomenológico- tiene como propósito el interpretar situaciones de la vida cotidiana de los AM que sostienen una adaptación activa y creativa, a través de sus historias de vida. Conocer la realidad desde las voces de sus protagonistas permitirá redimensionar el concepto de creatividad de la persona AM e incorporar una nueva dimensión a las representaciones sociales respecto a estas personas. Se espera aportar información relevante para la transferencia de conocimientos en disciplinas vinculadas con las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, desde una visión salutogénica y promotora de salud, y además la generación de investigaciones interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales, que brinden conocimientos para el fundamento de la elaboración o revisión de programas y actividades específicas que estimulen el desarrollo de un envejecimiento pleno y saludable.

34. Desmitificando la vejez… hacia una libertad situada

Author

Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, Angela Aimar, Angela Aimar, Marta Torre Nora Videla Cecilia de Dominici, and Angela Aimar

Abstract

La concepción de un envejecimiento proactivo y creativo fundamenta la necesidad de explorar las vivencias del AM en la complejidad de la cotidianidad, donde se rescatarán las potencialidades que se despliegan en la construcción de su propio proyecto de vida. El presente estudio -cualitativo y fenomenológico- tiene como propósito el interpretar situaciones de la vida cotidiana de los AM que sostienen una adaptación activa y creativa, a través de sus historias de vida. Conocer la realidad desde las voces de sus protagonistas permitirá redimensionar el concepto de creatividad de la persona AM e incorporar una nueva dimensión a las representaciones sociales respecto a estas personas. Se espera aportar información relevante para la transferencia de conocimientos en disciplinas vinculadas con las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, desde una visión salutogénica y promotora de salud, y además la generación de investigaciones interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales, que brinden conocimientos para el fundamento de la elaboración o revisión de programas y actividades específicas que estimulen el desarrollo de un envejecimiento pleno y saludable.

35. DISTRIBUCIÓN DE TAMAÑO Y ESTABILIDAD DE AGREGADOS EN MOLISOLES BAJO LABRANZAS CONTRASTANTES.

Author

ROLDÁN, MARÍA FLORENCIA, STUDDERT, GUILLERMO ALBERTO, VIDELA, CECILIA DEL CARMEN, MARTINO, SILVINA SAN, and PICONE, LILIANA INÉS

Abstract

Tillage systems affect soil aggregation and aggregate stability, both directly and by affecting other factors such as organic matter content (MO). Changes in both variables may be good soil health indicators. The aim of this work was to evaluate aggregate size distribution and stability in two sites representative of the Southeastern Buenos Aires province (Balcarce and Barrow, soils with different texture and MO) and under two tillage systems (no- (SD) and conventional (LC) tillage). Soil samples were taken (0-5 and 5-20 cm) from two long-term experiments started in 1997 with continuous cropping under SD and LC after four-year old grass-based pastures. Besides, in each site soil samples were taken from undisturbed situations. Soil was sieved in water to separate large (>2000 µm) and small (2000-250 µm) macroaggregates (MA), microaggregates (mA, 250-50 µm) and the fraction <50 µm, after 2 re-wetting methods: 1) capillary (MC) and 2) by immersion (MV). Mean weight diameter change (CDMP) between re-wetting methods was determined as a measure of aggregate stability. There was a greater proportion of MA (large+small) under SD respect to LC in both sites and re-wetting methods. The amount of MA tended to change less between re-wetting methods under SD, especially in the top layer, and in Barrow, whereas the amount of mA increased more under LC and with a like trend in Balcarce. Similar trends were observed when changes were expressed relative to the undisturbed situations. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in CDMP between tillage systems nor sites. For both soils under study, SD increased aggregate stability in the surface layer possibly due to the greater MO content. Likewise, the greater clay content in Barrow could be the cause of the greater stability of the different aggregate fractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014

36. VOLATILIZACIÓN DE AMONÍACO Y EMISIONES DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO A PARTIR DE UN SISTEMA INTENSIVO DE PRODUCCIÓN DE CARNE.

Author

DOMINGO, MAGALÍ N., PICONE, LILIANA I., VIDELA, CECILIA C., and MACEIRA, NÉSTOR

Abstract

Cattle feedlot production systems are being widely adopted in Argentina. High stocking rates in these systems cause a large return of manure to the soil, generating excessive nutrient concentrations that can result in soil, surface water and groundwater contamination. In addition, the atmosphere may be polluted due to the release of ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gases to the atmosphere. Ammonia and CO2 losses, soil pH and mineral nitrogen (N) content were analyzed in the feedlot (CE), the runoff area (AE) and the pasture without animals (PA). Accumulated NH3-N losses in October 2009, May and June 2010 were greater in CE than in PA and AE areas (p<0.05) which did not differ, while in July 2010 CE only differed significantly from PA (p<0.05). The highest accumulated volatilization was recorded in CE (6.5 g N m-2) in October 2009, while values were below 0.5 g N m-2 in AE and PA. In August, September and October 2009, CE also showed higher total production of CO2 -C (between 14.8 and 16.7 g C m-2) than EA and PA (p<0.05); the latter two showing no significant differences (5.9-7.9 g C m-2). During 2010, there were no differences in the total production of CO2-C among areas (p>0.05). However, CO2-C tended to be higher in CE because of the greater content of soluble carbon supplied by manure. The CE area had a higher pH and inorganic N content, particularly ammonium (NH4 +-N), than AE and PA, explaining the increased losses of NH3-N. Emissions of NH3-N and CO2-C also responded to rain events and changes in temperature. The results highlight that manure management is an important issue that has to be considered in order to minimize its accumulation in soils as well as the impact on the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013

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