Search

In recent years, many preclinical studies have provided evidence that polyphenol compounds and their metabolites exert prebiotic-like effects by selectively stimulating intestinal bacteria growth and/or activity [1]. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and prebiotic potential of methanol extracts obtained from Prunus spinosa L. (blackthorn) and Lycium ruthenicum Murray (black goji) fruits. Polyphenolic profiles were characterized by using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and antioxidant capacity was estimated with DPPH•, ABTS•+, and FRAP assays. The influence of plant extracts (0.312-5 mg/L) on the growth of three probiotic lactobacilli, probiotic yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii), and two probiotic mixtures was examined. Studied plant extracts were characterized by different phenolic compound patterns. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, quercetin glycosides and anthocyanins were detected in blackthorn extract, while black goji extract was characterized by the presence of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and acylated anthocyanins. The blackthorn fruit extract showed higher antiradical and reduction activity than those obtained from black goji fruits. Both extracts have influenced the growth of all tested probiotics in a concentration-dependent manner, especially of yeast, S. boulardii. The black goji extract had more stimulatory effects, possibly due to higher anthocyanins content. When the black goji extract was added to the growth medium at the concentration of 5 mg/mL, about 2-fold stimulation of the growth of S. boulardii was observed. In conclusion, extracts of the black goji and blackthorn fruits promote the growth of probiotics in vitro. Further studies are still needed to assess the prebiotic potential of these plant extracts. 1st European Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food (1-EuSPMF), 7-9 September 2022, Belgrade, Serbia. Book of Abstracts

Fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae), known as wolfberries or goji berries, have been long used in traditional medicine and nutrition in Asian countries. However, in recent years, they have become popular in Europe, including Serbia. However, there are limited data on the chemical composition of goji berries cultivated in our country. This study aimed to estimate and perform a comparative analysis of the mineral content of goji berries from six locations in Serbia. After microwave digestion, macro- (K, Na, P, S, Mg, Ca) and microelement (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Mo) contents in analyzed samples were determined by the optical emission spectrometry with induced coupled plasma (ICP-OES). As expected, mineral concentrations varied significantly among goji berry samples from different locations (p < 0.05). In general, the decreasing orders of minerals in goji berries were: K > P > S > Na > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Mo. According to the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) values, dried goji berries (30 g) provide a rich source of Cr and Cu, while their contribution to the daily intake of other minerals was below 15% RDA. Plodovi Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae), poznatiji kao vučje bobice ili godži, imaju dugu istoriju upotrebe u tradicionalnoj medicini i ishrani stanovnika azijskih zemalja, a poslednjih godina su sve popularniji u Evropi, uključujući i Srbiju. Međutim, nema mnogo podataka o hemijskom sastavu plodova godži gajenih u našoj zemlji. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izvrši komparativna analiza mineralnog sastava plodova godži prikupljenih sa šest različitih lokacija u Srbiji. Nakon prethodne mikrotalasne digestije, sadržaj makro- (K, Na, P, S, Mg, Ca) i mikroelemenata (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Mo) u ispitivanim uzorcima suvih plodova godži, određen je primenom optičke emisione spektrometrije sa indukovano spregnutom plazmom (ICP-OES). Kao što je i očekivano, dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na statistički značajne razlike u sadržaju mineralnih materija u plodovima godži prikupljenih sa različitih lokacija (p < 0,05). Generalno, mineralne materije su zastupljene po sledećem opadajućem redosledu koncentracija: K > P > S > Na > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Mo. Utvrđeni sadržaj makro- i mikroelemenata u jednoj porciji (30 g suvih plodova godži), u odnosu na nutritivne referentne vrednosti (NRV), ukazuje da su plodovi godži bogat izvor Cr i Cu, dok je doprinos jedne porcije plodova godži dnevnom unosu ostalih mineralnih materija ispod 15% NRV. VIII Kongres farmaceuta Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 12-15.10.2022. Beograd

A considerable interest has been developed over the years for fruits and vegetables consumption due to their potential biological and health promoting effects. This effect is attributed to antioxidants. Among the most important natural antioxidants are secondary plants metabolites, polyphenols. Epidemiological studies indicate that an increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with a decrease in the incidence of various diseases. The aim of this work was to estimate the intake of polyphenols in the adult population of the Republic of Serbia based on literature data on polyphenol content in certain foods and intake data obtained from the Bulletin - Household Budget Survey, 2019 (Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia), as well as literature data on intake. Based on literature data on the content of polyphenols in different food groups, it was determined that the following food groups can be sources of polyphenols in the diet of the Serbian adult population: vegetables, fruits, coffee, tea, cacao, chocolate, wine, nuts, and fruit juices. Using the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia data, as well as the literature data on the content of polyphenols in foods that are the major sources of polyphenols in the diet of the adult Serbia population, the polyphenol intake was estimated. The daily intake of polyphenols in the adult population of Serbia is about 500 mg. It is necessary to increase the daily intake of polyphenols in the adult population in Serbia. Veliko interesovanje poslednjih godina posvećeno je povećanom unosu voća, povrća i pozitivnom uticaju na zdravlje. Ovaj efekat pripisuje se i antioksidansima. U najznačajnije prirodne antioksidanse ubrajaju se sekundarni metaboliti biljaka, polifenoli. Epidemiološke studije ukazuju da je poveć an unos voća i povrća povezan sa smanjenjem incidence različitih vrsta bolesti. Cilj ovog rada je, da se na osnovu literaturnih podataka o sadržaju polifenola u pojedinim namirnicama, na osnovu podataka o unosu namirnica dobijenih iz Biltena – Anketa o potrošnji domaćinstva, 2019. (Republički zavod za statistiku, Republika Srbija), kao i literaturnih podataka o unosu, proceni unos polifenola kod odraslog stanovništva Republike Srbije. Na osnovu literaturnih podataka o sadržaju polifenola u različitim grupama namirnica utvrđeno je da sledeće grupe namirnica mogu biti izvori polifenola u ishrani odraslog stanovništva Republike Srbije: povrće, voće, kafa, čaj, kakao, čokolada, vino, jezgrasto voće i voćni sokovi. Koristeći podatke Republičkog zavoda za statistiku Republike Srbije, kao i literaturnih podataka za sadržaj polifenola u namirnicama koje su izvor polifenola u ishrani odraslog stanovništva Srbije izvršena je procena unosa polifenola. Dnevni unos polifenola kod odraslog stanovništva u Beogradu na osnovu dobijenih podataka iz Ankete o potrošnji domaćinstva za 2019. godinu i uzimajući u obzir namirnice koji su po literaturnim podacima izvor polifenola u ishrani odraslog stanovništva srbije iznosi oko 500 mg. Potrebno je povećati unos polifenola u ishrani stanovništva Republike Srbije. VIII Kongres farmaceuta Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 12-15.10.2022. Beograd

Lycium ruthenicum Murray (Solanaceae), also known as black goji or black wolfberry, has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and nutrition in Asian countries [1]. In recent years, black goji berries have been gaining attention as one of the most valuable sources of anthocyanins with many health-promoting effects [2]. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and in vitro biological properties of black goji berry cultivated in southeastern Serbia. The total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins content were determined spectrophotometrically. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis was used to identify the phenolic compounds. Methanol extract from black goji berry was screened for in vitro antioxidant (DPPH∙, ABTS∙+, FRAP, CUPRAC, and β-carotene bleaching methods), antimicrobial, and hypoglycemic (α-amylase, α-glucosidase) potential. Phytochemical screening of the extract confirmed the dominant presence of anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, with petunidin 3-p-cumaroylrutinoside-5 glucoside as the main phenolic compound [3]. The total phenolic content was 18.13 ± 0.15 mg gallic acid equivalents/g freeze-dried sample. A high correlation is found between the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities using different in vitro antioxidant assays. The antimicrobial activity of the black goji berry extract against eight laboratory control strains was not pronounced (MIC > 2 mg/ml). The IC50 values were 6.55 ± 0.38 mg/mL and 7.37 ± 0.02 mg/ml for α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibition activity, respectively. Overall, obtained results suggest that the black goji berry cultivated in Serbia should be considered a valuable source of bioactive compounds for further use in the food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries. 1st European Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food (1-EuSPMF), 7-9 September 2022, Belgrade, Serbia

The blackthorn is widespread across temperate Europe and also occurs in the Near East and Africa. The fruit is traditionally used in the treatment of digestive, respiratory and kidney disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate composition and the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of blackthorn fruit, and potential prebiotic effect on selected probiotic microorganisms. The blackthorn fruit is a rich source of vitamin C (5.3 mg/100 g, determinated by titration) as well as Ca, Mg and P (106.7; 42.0 and 43.2 mg/100 g, respectively, determinated by ICP-OES). The total phenolic content was 1,235 mg gallic acid/100 g (FC method). Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (caffeoylquinic and feruloylquinic acids), flavonoids (glycosides of quercetin, methylquercetin and kaempferol) and anthocyanins (glycosides of cyanidin and peonidin) were tentatively identified by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. The antimicrobial activity on eight laboratory control strains of bacteria was not pronounced (MIC 1.25->5 mg/ml). On the other hand the extract (0.3-5.0 mg/ml) exhibited significant prebiotic effect on investigated probiotic strains of Lactobacillus spp., Saccharomyces boulardii and their mixtures. The stimulation of growth was in the range 4.0-52.8% in concentration dependent manner. In conclusion, significant prebiotic activity of blackthorn fruit confers new insight in blackthorn health benefits. 14th Symposium on the Flora of Southeastern Serbia and Neighboring Regions, Kladovo, 26th to 29th June 2022

The aim of this study was to isolate, genetically characterize and determine phylogenetic relationship of strains detected in Serbia in comparison to other strains. A total of 480 samples collected from 13 different commercial layer flocks, obtained from tracheal swabs were included. Samples taken from 2016 to 2017 were molecularly analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, multiplex nested RT-PCR, and by sequencing of the S1 gene. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial S1 sequences revealed that six strains were classified as the D274 genotype, two strains as the QX genotype and two strains as the 4/91 genotype. The difference in nucleotide similarity between the Serbian isolates belonging to the D274 group ranges from 0 to 1.2%. Comparison of the obtained strains and D274 (X15832) showed differences from 0 to 0.9%. The greatest nucleotide similarity of detected QX strains was with Chinese QXIBV (KC795604), ranging from 98.8% to 99.1%. Two Serbian strains belonging to the 4/91 genotype had 99.7% and 98.8% nucleotide similarities with vaccine strain 4/91 (KF377577). This study has shown that viruses belonging to D274, QX, and 4/91 genotypes were circulating in poultry flocks in Serbia during 2016 and 2017.

Cilj ovog istraţivanja bio je da se izoluje, genetski karakteriše i odredi filogenetska pozicija sojeva virusa infektivnog bronhitisa otkrivenih u Srbiji u poreĊenju sa poznatim referentnim i cirkulišujućim sojevima u svetu. Prikupljeno je ukupno 480 uzoraka trahealnih briseva iz 13 razliĉitih komercijalnih jata koka nosilja. Uzorci prikupljeni tokom 2016. i 2017. godine, analizirani su molekularnim metodama realtime RT-PCR-om, multipleks nested RT-PCR te sekvencionirani. Filogenetske analize bazirane na delimiĉnim S1 sekvencama pokazale su da su šest sojeva od ukupno deset detektovanih klasifikovani kao genotip D274, dva soja kao QX genotip i dva soja kao genotip 4/91. Razlika u nukleotidnoj sliĉnosti izmeĊu naših izolata koji pripadaju D274 grupi kretala se od 0 do 1,2%. PoreĊenjem dobijenih sojeva i D274 (X15832) utvrĊene su razlike od 0 do 0,9%. Najveća nukleotidna sliĉnost detektovanih QX sojeva bila je sa kineskim sojem QXIBV (KC795604), i kretala se u rasponu od 98,8% do 99,1%. Dva naša izolata koja pripadaju genotipu 4/91 imala su 99,7% i 98,8% nukleotidne sliĉnosti sa vakcinalnim sojem 4/91 (KF377577). Ova studija je pokazala da virusi koji pripadaju genotipu D274, QX i 4/91 su cirkulisali u jatima ţivine u Srbiji tokom 2016. i 2017. godine. The aim of this study was to isolate, genetically characterize and determine phylogenetic relationship of strains of virus IB detected in Serbia in comparison to other known referent and circulating strains in the world. A total of 480 samples collected from 13 different commercial layer flocks, obtained from tracheal swabs were included. Samples are taken from 2016 to 2017 and thereafter samples were molecularly analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, multiplex nested RT-PCR, and by sequencing of the S1 gene. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial S1 sequences revealed that six strains were classified as the D274 genotype, two strains as the QX genotype and two strains as the 4/91 genotype. The difference in nucleotide similarity between the Serbian isolates belonging to the D274 group ranges from 0 to 1.2%. Comparison of the obtained strains and D274 (X15832) showed differences from 0 to 0.9%. The greatest nucleotide of detected QX strains was with Chinese QXIBV (KC795604), ranging from 98.8% to 99.1%. Two Serbian strains belonging to the 4/91 genotype had 99.7% and 98.8% nucleotide similarities with vaccine strain 4/91 (KF377577). This study has shown that viruses belonging to D274, QX, and 4/91 genotypes were circulating in poultry flocks in Serbia during 2016 and 2017.

Cilj ovog istraţivanja bio je da se izoluje, genetski karakteriše i odredi filogenetska pozicija sojeva virusa infektivnog bronhitisa otkrivenih u Srbiji u poreĊenju sa poznatim referentnim i cirkulišujućim sojevima u svetu. Prikupljeno je ukupno 480 uzoraka trahealnih briseva iz 13 razliĉitih komercijalnih jata koka nosilja. Uzorci prikupljeni tokom 2016. i 2017. godine, analizirani su molekularnim metodama realtime RT-PCR-om, multipleks nested RT-PCR te sekvencionirani. Filogenetske analize bazirane na delimiĉnim S1 sekvencama pokazale su da su šest sojeva od ukupno deset detektovanih klasifikovani kao genotip D274, dva soja kao QX genotip i dva soja kao genotip 4/91. Razlika u nukleotidnoj sliĉnosti izmeĊu naših izolata koji pripadaju D274 grupi kretala se od 0 do 1,2%. PoreĊenjem dobijenih sojeva i D274 (X15832) utvrĊene su razlike od 0 do 0,9%. Najveća nukleotidna sliĉnost detektovanih QX sojeva bila je sa kineskim sojem QXIBV (KC795604), i kretala se u rasponu od 98,8% do 99,1%. Dva naša izolata koja pripadaju genotipu 4/91 imala su 99,7% i 98,8% nukleotidne sliĉnosti sa vakcinalnim sojem 4/91 (KF377577). Ova studija je pokazala da virusi koji pripadaju genotipu D274, QX i 4/91 su cirkulisali u jatima ţivine u Srbiji tokom 2016. i 2017. godine., The aim of this study was to isolate, genetically characterize and determine phylogenetic relationship of strains of virus IB detected in Serbia in comparison to other known referent and circulating strains in the world. A total of 480 samples collected from 13 different commercial layer flocks, obtained from tracheal swabs were included. Samples are taken from 2016 to 2017 and thereafter samples were molecularly analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, multiplex nested RT-PCR, and by sequencing of the S1 gene. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial S1 sequences revealed that six strains were classified as the D274 genotype, two strains as the QX genotype and two strains as the 4/91 genotype. The difference in nucleotide similarity between the Serbian isolates belonging to the D274 group ranges from 0 to 1.2%. Comparison of the obtained strains and D274 (X15832) showed differences from 0 to 0.9%. The greatest nucleotide of detected QX strains was with Chinese QXIBV (KC795604), ranging from 98.8% to 99.1%. Two Serbian strains belonging to the 4/91 genotype had 99.7% and 98.8% nucleotide similarities with vaccine strain 4/91 (KF377577). This study has shown that viruses belonging to D274, QX, and 4/91 genotypes were circulating in poultry flocks in Serbia during 2016 and 2017.