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9. COVID-19 vaccination in patients receiving allergen immunotherapy (AIT) or biologicals—EAACI recommendations

Author

Jutel M., Torres M.J., Palomares O., Akdis C.A., Eiwegger T., Untersmayr E., Barber D., Zemelka-Wiacek M., Kosowska A., Palmer E., Vieths S., Mahler V., Canonica W.G., Nadeau K., Shamji M.H., Agache I., Akdis M., Khaitov M., Alvarez-Perea A., Alvaro-Lozano M., Atanaskovic-Markovic M., Backer V., Barbaud A., Bavbek S., de Blay F., Bonini M., Bonini S., van Boven J.F.M., Brockow K., Cazzola M., Chatzipetrou A., Chivato T., Cianferoni A., Corren J., Cristoph-Caubet J., Dunn-Galvin A., Ebisawa M., Firinu D., Gawlik R., Gelincik A., del Giacco S., Mortz C.G., Jurgen Hoffmann H., Hoffmann-Sommergruber K., Klimek L., Knol E., Lauerma A., de Llano L.P., Matucci A., Meyer R., Moreira A., Morita H., Patil S.U., Pfaar O., Popescu F.-D., del Pozo V., Price O.J., van Ree R., Fernandez-Rivas M., Rogala B., Romano A., Santos A., Sediva A., Skypala I., Smolinska S., Sokolowska M., Sturm G., Vultaggio A., Walusiak-Skorupa J., Worm M., University of Zurich, Shamji, Mohamed H, Agache, Ioana, Ear, Nose and Throat, Experimental Immunology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, APH - Global Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), and Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET)

Subjects
DOWN-REGULATION, COVID-19 Vaccines, Immunology, 610 Medicine & health, IMMUNOGENICITY, 10183 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, VACCINES, INFECTION, Hypersensitivity, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, SARS, 2403 Immunology, Biological Products, T-CELL RESPONSES, SARS-CoV-2, IMMUNE-RESPONSES, Vaccination, AIT, Allergens, Immunoglobulin E, allergy, Asthma, mRNA vaccines, biologicals, Desensitization, Immunologic, SAFETY, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, immunotherapy, INFLUENZA VACCINATION, Covid-19, SEVERE ASTHMA, allergen
Abstract

Immune modulation is a key therapeutic approach for allergic diseases, asthma and autoimmunity. It can be achieved in an antigen-specific manner via allergen immunotherapy (AIT) or in an endotype-driven approach using biologicals that target the major pathways of the type 2 (T2) immune response: immunoglobulin (Ig)E, interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-4/IL-13 or non-type 2 response: anti-cytokine antibodies and B-cell depletion via anti-CD20. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination provides an excellent opportunity to tackle the global pandemics and is currently being applied in an accelerated rhythm worldwide. The vaccine exerts its effects through immune modulation, induces and amplifies the response against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Thus, as there may be a discernible interference between these treatment modalities, recommendations on how they should be applied in sequence are expected. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) assembled an expert panel under its Research and Outreach Committee (ROC). This expert panel evaluated the evidence and have formulated recommendations on the administration of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with allergic diseases and asthma receiving AIT or biologicals. The panel also formulated recommendations for COVID-19 vaccine in association with biologicals targeting the type 1 or type 3 immune response. In formulating recommendations, the panel evaluated the mechanisms of COVID-19 infection, of COVID-19 vaccine, of AIT and of biologicals and considered the data published for other anti-infectious vaccines administered concurrently with AIT or biologicals.

Published
2022
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10. EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0

Author

Dramburg, S. Hilger, C. Santos, A.F. de las Vecillas, L. Aalberse, R.C. Acevedo, N. Aglas, L. Altmann, F. Arruda, K.L. Asero, R. Ballmer-Weber, B. Barber, D. Beyer, K. Biedermann, T. Bilo, M.B. Blank, S. Bosshard, P. Breiteneder, H. Brough, H.A. Bublin, M. Campbell, D. Caraballo, L. Caubet, J. Celi, G. Chapman, M.D. Chruszcz, M. Custovic, A. Czolk, R. Davies, J. Douladiris, N. Eberlein, B. Ebisawa, M. Ehlers, A. Eigenmann, P. Gadermaier, G. Giovannini, M. Gomez, F. Grohman, R. Guillet, C. Hafner, C. Hamilton, R. Hauser, M. Hawranek, T. Hoffmann, H. Holzhauser, T. Iizuka, T. Jacquet, A. Jakob, T. Janssen-Weets, B. Jappe, U. Jutel, M. Kalic, T. Kamath, S. Kespohl, S. Kleine-Tebbe, J. Knol, E. Knulst, A. Konradsen, J.R. Korošec, P. Kuehn, A. Lack, G. Le, T.-M. Lopata, A. Luengo, O. Mäkelä, M. Marra, A. Mills, C. Morisset, M. Muraro, A. Nowak-Wegrzyn, A. Nugraha, R. Ollert, M. Palosuo, K. Pastorello, E.A. Patil, S. Platts-Mills, T. Pomés, A. Poncet, P. Potapova, E. Poulsen, L.K. Radauer, C. Radulovic, S. Raulf, M. Rougé, P. Sastre, J. Sato, S. Scala, E. Schmid, J.M. Schmid-Grendelmeier, P. Schrama, D. Sénéchal, H. Traidl-Hoffmann, C. Valverde-Monge, M. van Hage, M. van Ree, R. Verhoeckx, K. Vieths, S. Wickman, M. Zakzuk, J. Matricardi, P. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K. and Dramburg, S. Hilger, C. Santos, A.F. de las Vecillas, L. Aalberse, R.C. Acevedo, N. Aglas, L. Altmann, F. Arruda, K.L. Asero, R. Ballmer-Weber, B. Barber, D. Beyer, K. Biedermann, T. Bilo, M.B. Blank, S. Bosshard, P. Breiteneder, H. Brough, H.A. Bublin, M. Campbell, D. Caraballo, L. Caubet, J. Celi, G. Chapman, M.D. Chruszcz, M. Custovic, A. Czolk, R. Davies, J. Douladiris, N. Eberlein, B. Ebisawa, M. Ehlers, A. Eigenmann, P. Gadermaier, G. Giovannini, M. Gomez, F. Grohman, R. Guillet, C. Hafner, C. Hamilton, R. Hauser, M. Hawranek, T. Hoffmann, H. Holzhauser, T. Iizuka, T. Jacquet, A. Jakob, T. Janssen-Weets, B. Jappe, U. Jutel, M. Kalic, T. Kamath, S. Kespohl, S. Kleine-Tebbe, J. Knol, E. Knulst, A. Konradsen, J.R. Korošec, P. Kuehn, A. Lack, G. Le, T.-M. Lopata, A. Luengo, O. Mäkelä, M. Marra, A. Mills, C. Morisset, M. Muraro, A. Nowak-Wegrzyn, A. Nugraha, R. Ollert, M. Palosuo, K. Pastorello, E.A. Patil, S. Platts-Mills, T. Pomés, A. Poncet, P. Potapova, E. Poulsen, L.K. Radauer, C. Radulovic, S. Raulf, M. Rougé, P. Sastre, J. Sato, S. Scala, E. Schmid, J.M. Schmid-Grendelmeier, P. Schrama, D. Sénéchal, H. Traidl-Hoffmann, C. Valverde-Monge, M. van Hage, M. van Ree, R. Verhoeckx, K. Vieths, S. Wickman, M. Zakzuk, J. Matricardi, P. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K.

Abstract

Since the discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a mediator of allergic diseases in 1967, our knowledge about the immunological mechanisms of IgE-mediated allergies has remarkably increased. In addition to understanding the immune response and clinical symptoms, allergy diagnosis and management depend strongly on the precise identification of the elicitors of the IgE-mediated allergic reaction. In the past four decades, innovations in bioscience and technology have facilitated the identification and production of well-defined, highly pure molecules for component-resolved diagnosis (CRD), allowing a personalized diagnosis and management of the allergic disease for individual patients. The first edition of the “EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide” (MAUG) in 2016 rapidly became a key reference for clinicians, scientists, and interested readers with a background in allergology, immunology, biology, and medicine. Nevertheless, the field of molecular allergology is moving fast, and after 6 years, a new EAACI Taskforce was established to provide an updated document. The Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0 summarizes state-of-the-art information on allergen molecules, their clinical relevance, and their application in diagnostic algorithms for clinical practice. It is designed for both, clinicians and scientists, guiding health care professionals through the overwhelming list of different allergen molecules available for testing. Further, it provides diagnostic algorithms on the clinical relevance of allergenic molecules and gives an overview of their biology, the basic mechanisms of test formats, and the application of tests to measure allergen exposure. © 2023 The Authors. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Published
2023

11. A European-Japanese study on peach allergy: IgE to Pru p 7 associates with severity

Author

MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, MS Reumatologie/Immunologie/Infectie, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Lab Reumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Kallen, E. J.J., Revers, A., Fernández-Rivas, M., Asero, R., Ballmer-Weber, B., Barreales, L., Belohlavkova, S., de Blay, F., Clausen, M., Dubakiene, R., Ebisawa, M., Fernández-Perez, C., Fritsche, P., Fukutomi, Y., Gislason, D., Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K., Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M., Knulst, A. C., Kowalski, M. L., Kralimarkova, T., Lidholm, J., Metzler, C., Mills, E. N.C., Papadopoulos, N. G., Popov, T. A., Purohit, A., Reig, I., Seneviratne, S. L., Sinaniotis, A., Takei, M., Versteeg, S. A., Vassilopoulou, A. E., Vieths, S., Welsing, P. M.J., Zwinderman, A. H., Le, T. M., Van Ree, R., MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, MS Reumatologie/Immunologie/Infectie, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Lab Reumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Kallen, E. J.J., Revers, A., Fernández-Rivas, M., Asero, R., Ballmer-Weber, B., Barreales, L., Belohlavkova, S., de Blay, F., Clausen, M., Dubakiene, R., Ebisawa, M., Fernández-Perez, C., Fritsche, P., Fukutomi, Y., Gislason, D., Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K., Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M., Knulst, A. C., Kowalski, M. L., Kralimarkova, T., Lidholm, J., Metzler, C., Mills, E. N.C., Papadopoulos, N. G., Popov, T. A., Purohit, A., Reig, I., Seneviratne, S. L., Sinaniotis, A., Takei, M., Versteeg, S. A., Vassilopoulou, A. E., Vieths, S., Welsing, P. M.J., Zwinderman, A. H., Le, T. M., and Van Ree, R.

Published
2023

12. A European‐Japanese study on peach allergy: IgE to Pru p 7 associates with severity

Author

Kallen, E. J. J., primary, Revers, A., additional, Fernández‐Rivas, M., additional, Asero, R., additional, Ballmer‐Weber, B., additional, Barreales, L., additional, Belohlavkova, S., additional, de Blay, F., additional, Clausen, M., additional, Dubakiene, R., additional, Ebisawa, M., additional, Fernández‐Perez, C., additional, Fritsche, P., additional, Fukutomi, Y., additional, Gislason, D., additional, Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, K., additional, Jedrzejczak‐Czechowicz, M., additional, Knulst, A. C., additional, Kowalski, M. L., additional, Kralimarkova, T., additional, Lidholm, J., additional, Metzler, C., additional, Mills, E. N. C., additional, Papadopoulos, N. G., additional, Popov, T. A., additional, Purohit, A., additional, Reig, I., additional, Seneviratne, S. L., additional, Sinaniotis, A., additional, Takei, M., additional, Versteeg, S. A., additional, Vassilopoulou, A. E., additional, Vieths, S., additional, Welsing, P. M. J., additional, Zwinderman, A. H., additional, Le, T. M., additional, and Van Ree, R., additional

Published
2023
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13. The CREATE Project: Development of Certified Reference Materials for Allergenic Products and Validation of Methods for Their Quantification

Author

van Ree, R., Chapman, M. D., Ferreira, F., Vieths, S., Bryan, D., Cromwell, O., Villalba, M., Durham, S. R., Becker, W. M., Aalbers, M., André, C., Barber, D., Cistero Bahima, A., Custovic, A., Didierlaurent, A., Dolman, C., Dorpema, J. W., Di Felice, G., Eberhardt, F., Fernandez Caldas, E., Fernandez Rivas, M., Fiebig, H., Focke, M., Fötisch, K., Gadermaier, G., Gaines Das, R., Gonzalez Mancebo, E., Himly, M., Kinaciyan, T., Knulst, A. C., Kroon, A. M., Lepp, U., Marco, F. M., Mari, A., Moingeon, P., Monsalve, R., Neubauer, A., Notten, S., Ooievaar-de Heer, P., Pauli, G., Pini, C., Purohit, A., Quiralte, J., Rak, S., Raulf-Heimsoth, M., San Miguel Moncin, M., Simpson, B., Tsay, A., Vailes, L., Wallner, M., Weber, Bernhard, Gao, Zhong-Shan, Zheng, Min, Gilissen, Luud J. W. J., Shen, Hua-Hao, and Frewer, Lynn J.

Published
2012
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14. Component‐resolved diagnosis and beyond: Multivariable regression models to predict severity of hazelnut allergy

Author

Datema, M. R., van Ree, R., Asero, R., Barreales, L., Belohlavkova, S., de Blay, F., Clausen, M., Dubakiene, R., Fernández‐Perez, C., Fritsche, P., Gislason, D., Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, K., Jedrzejczak‐Czechowicz, M., Jongejan, L., Knulst, A. C., Kowalski, M., Kralimarkova, T. Z., Le, T.‐M., Lidholm, J., Papadopoulos, N. G., Popov, T. A., del Prado, N., Purohit, A., Reig, I., Seneviratne, S. L., Sinaniotis, A., Versteeg, S. A., Vieths, S., Zwinderman, A. H., Mills, E. N. C., Fernández‐Rivas, M., and Ballmer‐Weber, B.

Published
2018
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16. Challenges in the implementation of EAACI guidelines on allergen immunotherapy: A global perspective on the regulation of allergen products

Author

Bonertz, A., Roberts, G. C., Hoefnagel, M., Timon, M., Slater, J. E., Rabin, R. L., Bridgewater, J., Pini, C., Pfaar, O., Akdis, C., Goldstein, J., Poulsen, L. K., van Ree, R., Rhyner, C., Barber, D., Palomares, O., Sheikh, A., Pawankar, R., Hamerlijnk, D., Klimek, L., Agache, I., Angier, E., Casale, T., Fernandez‐Rivas, M., Halken, S., Jutel, M., Lau, S., Pajno, G., Sturm, G., Varga, E. M., Gerth van Wijk, R., Bonini, S., Muraro, A., and Vieths, S.

Published
2018
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18. COVID-19 vaccination in patients receiving allergen immunotherapy (AIT) or biologicals—EAACI recommendations

Author

Jutel, M. Torres, M.J. Palomares, O. Akdis, C.A. Eiwegger, T. Untersmayr, E. Barber, D. Zemelka-Wiacek, M. Kosowska, A. Palmer, E. Vieths, S. Mahler, V. Canonica, W.G. Nadeau, K. Shamji, M.H. Agache, I. Akdis, M. Khaitov, M. Alvarez-Perea, A. Alvaro-Lozano, M. Atanaskovic-Markovic, M. Backer, V. Barbaud, A. Bavbek, S. de Blay, F. Bonini, M. Bonini, S. van Boven, J.F.M. Brockow, K. Cazzola, M. Chatzipetrou, A. Chivato, T. Cianferoni, A. Corren, J. Cristoph-Caubet, J. Dunn-Galvin, A. Ebisawa, M. Firinu, D. Gawlik, R. Gelincik, A. del Giacco, S. Mortz, C.G. Jürgen Hoffmann, H. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K. Klimek, L. Knol, E. Lauerma, A. de Llano, L.P. Matucci, A. Meyer, R. Moreira, A. Morita, H. Patil, S.U. Pfaar, O. Popescu, F.-D. del Pozo, V. Price, O.J. van Ree, R. Fernández-Rivas, M. Rogala, B. Romano, A. Santos, A. Sediva, A. Skypala, I. Smolinska, S. Sokolowska, M. Sturm, G. Vultaggio, A. Walusiak-Skorupa, J. Worm, M. and Jutel, M. Torres, M.J. Palomares, O. Akdis, C.A. Eiwegger, T. Untersmayr, E. Barber, D. Zemelka-Wiacek, M. Kosowska, A. Palmer, E. Vieths, S. Mahler, V. Canonica, W.G. Nadeau, K. Shamji, M.H. Agache, I. Akdis, M. Khaitov, M. Alvarez-Perea, A. Alvaro-Lozano, M. Atanaskovic-Markovic, M. Backer, V. Barbaud, A. Bavbek, S. de Blay, F. Bonini, M. Bonini, S. van Boven, J.F.M. Brockow, K. Cazzola, M. Chatzipetrou, A. Chivato, T. Cianferoni, A. Corren, J. Cristoph-Caubet, J. Dunn-Galvin, A. Ebisawa, M. Firinu, D. Gawlik, R. Gelincik, A. del Giacco, S. Mortz, C.G. Jürgen Hoffmann, H. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K. Klimek, L. Knol, E. Lauerma, A. de Llano, L.P. Matucci, A. Meyer, R. Moreira, A. Morita, H. Patil, S.U. Pfaar, O. Popescu, F.-D. del Pozo, V. Price, O.J. van Ree, R. Fernández-Rivas, M. Rogala, B. Romano, A. Santos, A. Sediva, A. Skypala, I. Smolinska, S. Sokolowska, M. Sturm, G. Vultaggio, A. Walusiak-Skorupa, J. Worm, M.

Abstract

Immune modulation is a key therapeutic approach for allergic diseases, asthma and autoimmunity. It can be achieved in an antigen-specific manner via allergen immunotherapy (AIT) or in an endotype-driven approach using biologicals that target the major pathways of the type 2 (T2) immune response: immunoglobulin (Ig)E, interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-4/IL-13 or non-type 2 response: anti-cytokine antibodies and B-cell depletion via anti-CD20. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination provides an excellent opportunity to tackle the global pandemics and is currently being applied in an accelerated rhythm worldwide. The vaccine exerts its effects through immune modulation, induces and amplifies the response against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Thus, as there may be a discernible interference between these treatment modalities, recommendations on how they should be applied in sequence are expected. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) assembled an expert panel under its Research and Outreach Committee (ROC). This expert panel evaluated the evidence and have formulated recommendations on the administration of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with allergic diseases and asthma receiving AIT or biologicals. The panel also formulated recommendations for COVID-19 vaccine in association with biologicals targeting the type 1 or type 3 immune response. In formulating recommendations, the panel evaluated the mechanisms of COVID-19 infection, of COVID-19 vaccine, of AIT and of biologicals and considered the data published for other anti-infectious vaccines administered concurrently with AIT or biologicals. © 2022 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Published
2022

28. The EuroPrevall outpatient clinic study on food allergy: background and methodology

Author

Fernández-Rivas, M., Barreales, L., Mackie, A. R., Fritsche, P., Vázquez-Cortés, S., Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M., Kowalski, M. L., Clausen, M., Gislason, D., Sinaniotis, A., Kompoti, E., Le, T.-M., Knulst, A. C., Purohit, A., de Blay, F., Kralimarkova, T., Popov, T., Asero, R., Belohlavkova, S., Seneviratne, S. L., Dubakiene, R., Lidholm, J., Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K., Burney, P., Crevel, R., Brill, M., Fernández-Pérez, C., Vieths, S., Mills, Clare E. N., van Ree, R., and Ballmer-Weber, B. K.

Published
2015
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29. IgE recognition patterns in peanut allergy are age dependent: perspectives of the EuroPrevall study

Author

Ballmer-Weber, B. K., Lidholm, J., Fernández-Rivas, M., Seneviratne, S., Hanschmann, K.-M., Vogel, L., Bures, P., Fritsche, P., Summers, C., Knulst, A. C., Le, T.-M., Reig, I., Papadopoulos, N. G., Sinaniotis, A., Belohlavkova, S., Popov, T., Kralimarkova, T., de Blay, F., Purohit, A., Clausen, M., Jedrzejczak-Czechowcz, M., Kowalski, M. L., Asero, R., Dubakiene, R., Barreales, L., Clare Mills, E. N., van Ree, R., and Vieths, S.

Published
2015
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36. Placebo effects in allergen immunotherapy—An EAACI Task Force Position Paper

Author

Pfaar, O. Agache, I. Bergmann, K.-C. Bindslev-Jensen, C. Bousquet, J. Creticos, P.S. Devillier, P. Durham, S.R. Hellings, P. Kaul, S. Kleine-Tebbe, J. Klimek, L. Jacobsen, L. Jutel, M. Muraro, A. Papadopoulos, N.G. Rief, W. Scadding, G.K. Schedlowski, M. Shamji, M.H. Sturm, G. van Ree, R. Vidal, C. Vieths, S. Wedi, B. Gerth van Wijk, R. Frew, A.J.

Abstract

The placebo (Latin “I will please”) effect commonly occurs in clinical trials. The psychological and physiological factors associated with patients’ expectations about a treatment's positive and negative effects have yet to be well characterized, although a functional prefrontal cortex and intense bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the immune system appear to be prerequisites for a placebo effect. The use of placebo raises certain ethical issues, especially if patients in a placebo group are denied an effective treatment for a long period of time. The placebo effect appears to be relatively large (up to 77%, relative to pretreatment scores) in controlled clinical trials of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), such as the pivotal, double-blind, placebo-controlled (DBPC) randomized clinical trials currently required by regulatory authorities worldwide. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) therefore initiated a Task Force, in order to better understand the placebo effect in AIT and its specific role in comorbidities, blinding issues, adherence, measurement time points, variability and the natural course of the disease. In this Position Paper, the EAACI Task Force highlights several important topics regarding the placebo effect in AIT such as a) regulatory aspects, b) neuroimmunological and psychological mechanisms, c) placebo effect sizes in AIT trials, d) methodological limitations in AIT trial design and e) potential solutions in future AIT trial design. In conclusion, this Position Paper aims to examine the methodological problem of placebo in AIT from different aspects and also to highlight unmet needs and possible solutions for future trials. © 2020 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

Published
2021

37. EAACI statement on the diagnosis, management and prevention of severe allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines

Author

Sokolowska M, Eiwegger T, Ollert M, Torres MJ, Barber D, Del Giacco S, Jutel M, Nadeau KC, Palomares O, Rabin RL, Riggioni C, Vieths S, Agache I, and Shamji MH

Subjects
SARS-CoV, COVID, virus
Abstract

The first approved COVID-19 vaccines include Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162B2, Moderna mRNA-1273 and AstraZeneca recombinant adenoviral ChAdOx1-S. Soon after approval, severe allergic reactions to the mRNA-based vaccines that resolved after treatment were reported. Regulatory agencies from the European Union, Unites States and the United Kingdom agree that vaccinations are contraindicated only when there is an allergy to one of the vaccine components or if there was a severe allergic reaction to the first dose. This position paper of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) agrees with these recommendations and clarifies that there is no contraindication to administer these vaccines to allergic patients who do not have a history of an allergic reaction to any of the vaccine components. Importantly, as is the case for any medication, anaphylaxis may occur after vaccination in the absence of a history of allergic disease. Therefore, we provide a simplified algorithm of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of severe allergic reactions and a list of recommended medications and equipment for vaccine centres. We also describe potentially allergenic/immunogenic components of the approved vaccines and propose a workup to identify the responsible allergen. Close collaboration between academia, regulatory agencies and vaccine producers will facilitate approaches for patients at risks, such as incremental dosing of the second injection or desensitization. Finally, we identify unmet research needs and propose a concerted international roadmap towards precision diagnosis and management to minimize the risk of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines and to facilitate their broader and safer use.

Published
2021

38. Walnut Allergy Across Europe: Distribution of Allergen Sensitization Patterns and Prediction of Severity

Author

Lyons, S.A. Datema, M.R. Le, T.-M. Asero, R. Barreales, L. Belohlavkova, S. de Blay, F. Clausen, M. Dubakiene, R. Fernández-Perez, C. Fritsche, P. Gislason, D. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K. Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M. Jongejan, L. Kowalski, M.L. Kralimarkova, T.Z. Lidholm, J. Papadopoulos, N.G. Pontoppidan, B. Popov, T.A. Prado, N.D. Purohit, A. Reig, I. Seneviratne, S.L. Sinaniotis, A. Vassilopoulou, E. Versteeg, S.A. Vieths, S. Zwinderman, A.H. Welsing, P.M.J. Mills, E.N.C. Ballmer-Weber, B.K. Knulst, A.C. Fernández-Rivas, M. Van Ree, R.

Abstract

Background: Walnut allergy is common across the globe, but data on the involvement of individual walnut components are scarce. Objectives: To identify geographical differences in walnut component sensitization across Europe, explore cosensitization and cross-reactivity, and assess associations of clinical and serological determinants with severity of walnut allergy. Methods: As part of the EuroPrevall outpatient surveys in 12 European cities, standardized clinical evaluation was conducted in 531 individuals reporting symptoms to walnut, with sensitization to all known walnut components assessed in 202 subjects. Multivariable Lasso regression was applied to investigate predictors for walnut allergy severity. Results: Birch-pollen–related walnut sensitization (Jug r 5) dominated in Northern and Central Europe and lipid transfer protein sensitization (Jug r 3) in Southern Europe. Profilin sensitization (Jug r 7) was prominent throughout Europe. Sensitization to storage proteins (Jug r 1, 2, 4, and 6) was detected in up to 10% of subjects. The walnut components that showed strong correlations with pollen and other foods differed between centers. The combination of determinants best predicting walnut allergy severity were symptoms upon skin contact with walnut, atopic dermatitis (ever), family history of atopic disease, mugwort pollen allergy, sensitization to cat or dog, positive skin prick test result to walnut, and IgE to Jug r 1, 5, 7, or carbohydrate determinants (area under the curve = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73-0.89). Conclusions: Walnut-allergic subjects across Europe show clear geographical differences in walnut component sensitization and cosensitization patterns. A predictive model combining results from component-based serology testing with results from extract-based testing and information on clinical background allows for good discrimination between mild to moderate and severe walnut allergy. © 2020 The Authors

Published
2021

39. Vaccines and allergic reactions: The past, the current COVID-19 pandemic, and future perspectives

Author

Universidad San Pablo-CEU. Facultad de Medicina, Sampath, V., Barber Hernández, Domingo, Rabinowitz, G., Chivato Pérez, Tomás, Shan, M., Jain, S., Diamant, Z., Jesenak, M., Rabin, R., Vieths, S., Akdis, Mubeccel, Breiteneder, H., Collins, W., Eiwegger, Thomas, Fast, K., Fokkens, W., O'Hehir, R. E., Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, Palomares, Oscar, Pfaar, Oliver, Riggioni, Carmen, Shamji, M. H., Sokolowska, Milena, Agache, Ioana, Chinthrajah, S., José Torres, M., Traidl Hoffmann, C., Van Zelm, M., Wang, Y., Zhang, Luo, Akdis, Cezmi A., Nadeau, Kari C., Universidad San Pablo-CEU. Facultad de Medicina, Sampath, V., Barber Hernández, Domingo, Rabinowitz, G., Chivato Pérez, Tomás, Shan, M., Jain, S., Diamant, Z., Jesenak, M., Rabin, R., Vieths, S., Akdis, Mubeccel, Breiteneder, H., Collins, W., Eiwegger, Thomas, Fast, K., Fokkens, W., O'Hehir, R. E., Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, Palomares, Oscar, Pfaar, Oliver, Riggioni, Carmen, Shamji, M. H., Sokolowska, Milena, Agache, Ioana, Chinthrajah, S., José Torres, M., Traidl Hoffmann, C., Van Zelm, M., Wang, Y., Zhang, Luo, Akdis, Cezmi A., and Nadeau, Kari C.

Abstract

Vaccines are essential public health tools with a favorable safety profile and prophylactic effectiveness that have historically played significant roles in reducing infectious disease burden in populations, when the majority of individuals are vaccinated. The COVID-19 vaccines are expected to have similar positive impacts on health across the globe. While serious allergic reactions to vaccines are rare, their underlying mechanisms and implications for clinical management should be considered to provide individuals with the safest care possible. In this review, we provide an overview of different types of allergic adverse reactions that can potentially occur after vaccination and individual vaccine components capable of causing the allergic adverse reactions. We present the incidence of allergic adverse reactions during clinical studies and through post-authorization and post-marketing surveillance and provide plausible causes of these reactions based on potential allergenic components present in several common vaccines. Additionally, we review implications for individual diagnosis and management and vaccine manufacturing overall. Finally, we suggest areas for future research.

Published
2021

40. Walnut Allergy across Europe: Distribution of Allergen Sensitization Patterns and Prediction of Severity

Author

MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, DIGD-Onderzoek, Lyons, S A, Datema, M R, Le, T T M, Asero, R, Barreales, L, Belohlavkova, S, de Blay, F, Clausen, M, Dubakiene, R, Fernández-Perez, C, Fritsche, P, Gislason, D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M, Jongejan, L, Kowalski, M L, Kralimarkova, T, Lidholm, J, Papadopoulos, N G, Pontoppidan, B, Popov, T A, Del Prado, N, Purohit, A, Reig, I, Seneviratne, S L, Sinaniotis, A, Vassilopoulou, E, Versteeg, S A, Vieths, S, Zwinderman, A H, Welsing, P M J, Mills, E N C, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara, Knulst, A C, Fernández-Rivas, Montserrat, Van Ree, Ronald, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, DIGD-Onderzoek, Lyons, S A, Datema, M R, Le, T T M, Asero, R, Barreales, L, Belohlavkova, S, de Blay, F, Clausen, M, Dubakiene, R, Fernández-Perez, C, Fritsche, P, Gislason, D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M, Jongejan, L, Kowalski, M L, Kralimarkova, T, Lidholm, J, Papadopoulos, N G, Pontoppidan, B, Popov, T A, Del Prado, N, Purohit, A, Reig, I, Seneviratne, S L, Sinaniotis, A, Vassilopoulou, E, Versteeg, S A, Vieths, S, Zwinderman, A H, Welsing, P M J, Mills, E N C, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara, Knulst, A C, Fernández-Rivas, Montserrat, and Van Ree, Ronald

Published
2021

44. The CREATE Project: Development of Certified Reference Materials for Allergenic Products and Validation of Methods for Their Quantification

Author

van Ree, R., primary, Chapman, M. D., additional, Ferreira, F., additional, Vieths, S., additional, Bryan, D., additional, Cromwell, O., additional, Villalba, M., additional, Durham, S. R., additional, Becker, W. M., additional, Aalbers, M., additional, André, C., additional, Barber, D., additional, Cistero Bahima, A., additional, Custovic, A., additional, Didierlaurent, A., additional, Dolman, C., additional, Dorpema, J. W., additional, Di Felice, G., additional, Eberhardt, F., additional, Fernandez Caldas, E., additional, Fernandez Rivas, M., additional, Fiebig, H., additional, Focke, M., additional, Fötisch, K., additional, Gadermaier, G., additional, Gaines Das, R., additional, Gonzalez Mancebo, E., additional, Himly, M., additional, Kinaciyan, T., additional, Knulst, A. C., additional, Kroon, A. M., additional, Lepp, U., additional, Marco, F. M., additional, Mari, A., additional, Moingeon, P., additional, Monsalve, R., additional, Neubauer, A., additional, Notten, S., additional, Ooievaar-de Heer, P., additional, Pauli, G., additional, Pini, C., additional, Purohit, A., additional, Quiralte, J., additional, Rak, S., additional, Raulf-Heimsoth, M., additional, San Miguel Moncin, M., additional, Simpson, B., additional, Tsay, A., additional, Vailes, L., additional, Wallner, M., additional, and Weber, Bernhard, additional

Published
2012
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